Faculty of Science & Technology
Syllabus of Second Year B. Tech (Civil Engineering) (Semester III)
Course Category: PCC Credits: 3-0-0
Course Code: CED203 Strength of Materials In Semester Examination-I: 15 Marks
Program Core Course In Semester Examination-II: 15Marks
Teaching Scheme: Teacher Assessment: 20 Marks
Theory – 3 Hrs./week End Semester Examination: 50 Marks
End Semester Examination (Duration): 3 Hrs.
Prerequisite The students should have knowledge of Engineering Mechanics, Engineering Mathematics,
and Engineering Drawing.
1) Understand the concepts of stress, strain, elastic constants, and material
behavior under axial, shear, and thermal loading. (Understand)
2) Apply static equilibrium principles to determine internal forces in beams and
construct shear force and bending moment diagrams. (Apply)
3) Analyze bending and shear stress distributions in structural members and
determine critical parameters like section modulus and shear center.
Course (Analyze)
Objectives 4) Analyze the buckling behavior of columns and compute critical buckling
loads for various end conditions. (Analyze)
5) Analyze combined stress states and determine principal and shear stresses
using stress transformation equations and Mohr’s Circle. (Analyze)
6) Apply torsion theory and strain energy principles to solve problems involving
shafts and thin-walled pressure vessels. (Apply)
On completion of this course student will be able to
1) CO1: Explain stress, strain, and elastic behavior of materials under axial,
shear, and thermal loading. (Understand)
2) CO2: Calculate internal forces and draw shear force and bending moment
diagrams for statically determinate beams. (Apply)
3) CO3: Analyze bending and shear stress distribution in beams and determine
Course section modulus and shear center. (Analyze)
Outcomes 4) CO4: Analyze the buckling behavior of columns and determine critical loads
for various end conditions. (Analyze)
5) CO5: Analyze combined stress states and determine principal and shear
stresses using analytical and graphical methods. (Analyze)
6) CO6: Apply torsion theory and strain energy concepts to solve problems
involving circular shafts and thin-walled cylinders. (Apply)
Simple Stress and Strain.
Concept of internal forces: normal stress, shear stress, bearing stress, Axial and shear
deformation: Hooke’s Law, Stress-strain diagrams for ductile and brittle materials, Elastic
Unit-I constants: E, G, K, ν and their interrelations, Thermal stress in bars and statically
indeterminate members, Poisson’s ratio and multi-axial loading (biaxial, triaxial), Stress
variation on inclined planes – analytical approach, Introduction to strain measurement: strain
gauges and sensors. (07 Hrs)
Unit-II Axial Force, Shear Force and Moment in Beams.
Internal force distribution: axial force, shear force, and bending moment, Concept of
equilibrium and unbalanced forces at a section, Relationship between load, shear
force, and bending moment, Shear Force and Bending Moment Diagrams (SFD and
BMD) for various loading conditions, Analysis of cantilever, simply supported and
overhanging beams. (05 Hrs)
Bending and Shear Stresses in Beams.
Theory of simple bending – assumptions and derivation of flexural formula, Bending
Unit-III stress, distribution and section modulus, Design of economic cross sections based on
bending, Shear stress distribution – derivation, maximum and average shear stress,
Introduction to Shear flow, and shear lag, concept of shear center in open sections.
(07 Hrs)
Columns and Struts, Direct and Bending Stress.
Classification of columns: short and long, Euler’s theory of buckling: derivation for
Unit-IV various end conditions, Rankine’s formula and limitations, Equivalent length,
slenderness ratio, Direct and bending stress in eccentrically loaded members, Kern of
a section, Combined axial and flexural loading. (06Hrs)
Combined Stresses and Mohr’s Circle.
State of stress at a point: normal and shear stresses, Analytical equations for stresses
Unit-V on inclined planes, Principal stresses: derivation and significance, Mohr’s Circle –
construction and graphical representation of stress states.
(07 Hrs)
Torsion and Strain Energy, Thin Cylindrical Shells.
Torsion: Assumptions and derivation of torsion formula, Torsional stress and
deformation in solid and hollow shafts, Power transmitted by shafts.
Unit-VI Strain Energy: Concept and derivation of strain energy for axial, bending, shear, and
torsional loading.
Thin Cylindrical Shells: Hoop stress and longitudinal stress due to internal pressure,
Wall thickness calculation for thin pressure vessels. (07 Hrs)
Text Books Sr.
Title Author Publication Edition
(T), No.
Reference Ferdinand P. Beer, E.
Books T1. Mechanics of Materials Russell Johnston, John T. McGraw-Hill Latest
(R), and DeWolf
E-resources Harper
Ferdinand L. Singer,
(E) T2. Mechanics of Materials Collins / Latest
Andrew Pytel
McGraw-Hill
Laxmi
T3. Strength of Materials R.K. Bansal Latest
Publications
McGraw-Hill
T4. Strength of Materials S.S. Rattan Latest
Education
Elements of Strength of East-West
T5. Timoshenko and Young Latest
Materials Press
R1. Strength of Materials S. Ramamrutham, R. Dhanpat Rai Latest
Course Coordinator Course Teacher Module Coordinator Program Coordinator
Syllabus of Third Year B.Tech. (Civil Engineering) w.e.f. 2025-26 (NEP 2020 Based Curriculum)
(Vol. 1 & 2) Narayan Publishing
Laxmi
R2. Strength of Materials B.C. Punmia Latest
Publications
James M. Gere, Barry J. Cengage
R3. Mechanics of Materials Latest
Goodno Learning
NPTEL Lectures – Strength of Materials by Prof. S.K. Bhattacharya (IIT
E1
Kharagpur)
E2 MIT OpenCourseWare – Mechanics of Materials
E3 Coursera/EdX – Strength of Materials or Mechanics of Materials Courses
A) List of Experiments (All Compulsory)
1. Tension Test on Mild Steel Specimen
Objective: To determine the yield stress, ultimate stress, Young’s modulus, and percentage
elongation using the Universal Testing Machine (UTM).
Related Module: Module I – Simple Stress and Strain
2. Compression Test on Brick or Wooden Specimen
Objective: To determine the compressive strength and study the failure behavior of the
specimen.
Related Module: Module I – Simple Stress and Strain
3. Shear Test on Mild Steel Specimen
Objective: To determine the shear strength under single and double shear conditions.
Related Module: Module I – Simple Stress and Strain
4. Strain Measurement Using Electrical Resistance Strain Gauge (Demonstration)
Objective: To understand the working principles of strain gauges and strain measuring
equipment.
Related Module: Module I – Simple Stress and Strain
5. Izod Impact Test on Metals
Objective: To determine the impact strength of a material using the Izod method.
Related Module: Related to Impact Loading (Complementary to Module V – Combined
Stresses and Mohr’s Circle)
6. Charpy Impact Test on Metals
Objective: To determine the impact strength of a material using the Charpy method.
Related Module: Related to Impact Loading (Complementary to Module V – Combined
Stresses and Mohr’s Circle)
7. Bending Test on Simply Supported Beam (Flexural Test)
Objective: To determine the modulus of rupture and verify the flexural formula.
Related Module: Module III – Bending and Shear Stresses in Beams
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Syllabus of Third Year B.Tech. (Civil Engineering) w.e.f. 2025-26 (NEP 2020 Based Curriculum)
8. Torsion Test on Steel Specimen
Objective: To determine the modulus of rigidity and study the torsional behavior of steel
under applied torque.
Related Module: Module VI – Torsion and Strain Energy
9. Determination of Strain Energy in an Axial Member
Objective: To experimentally determine the strain energy stored in an axial member under
tensile loading.
Related Module: Module VI – Torsion and Strain Energy
B) List of Assignments (Any 12 in concern with the subject teacher)
To be done by students during other than reporting hours and this will be treated as
Assignments under Teachers assessment (TA) and Continuous Internal Evaluation (CIE).
1. Comparison of Ductile and Brittle Material Behavior (Based on Stress-Strain Curve)
Task: Sketch and analyze stress-strain diagrams for ductile and brittle materials. Identify
yield point, ultimate stress, fracture point, and calculate toughness.
Related Module: Module I – Simple Stress and Strain
2. Stress Transformation on Inclined Planes (Analytical and Graphical)
Task: Solve numerically and graphically the stress components (normal and shear) on an
inclined plane.
Related Module: Module I – Simple Stress and Strain
3. Shear Force and Bending Moment Diagrams (SFD & BMD)
Task: Draw SFD and BMD for different beam loading conditions (point load, UDL, UVL).
Clearly mark maximum values and critical sections.
Related Module: Module II – Shear Force and Moment in Beams
4. Bending Stress Distribution and Section Modulus Calculation
Task: Calculate and draw the bending stress distribution for a simply supported beam under
central point load. Include section modulus calculations for rectangular and I-sections.
Related Module: Module III – Bending and Shear Stresses in Beams
5. Shear Stress Distribution in Beams
Task: Solve a numerical example showing the variation of shear stress across the depth of a
rectangular and circular beam section. Plot the shear stress distribution diagram.
Related Module: Module III – Bending and Shear Stresses in Beams
6. Euler’s Buckling Load for Columns
Task: Solve numericals for Euler’s critical buckling load for various end conditions (pinned-
pinned, fixed-free, fixed-fixed, fixed-pinned). Draw comparative column stability curves.
Related Module: Module IV – Columns and Struts
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Syllabus of Third Year B.Tech. (Civil Engineering) w.e.f. 2025-26 (NEP 2020 Based Curriculum)
7. Torsional Stress and Angle of Twist in Circular Shafts
Task: Solve numerical problems involving torsional shear stress and angle of twist in solid
and hollow shafts.
Related Module: Module VI – Torsion and Strain Energy
8. Strain Energy in Axial, Bending, and Torsional Members
Task: Calculate strain energy stored in axially loaded bars, bending beams, and shafts under
torsion.
Related Module: Module VI – Torsion and Strain Energy
9. Stress Analysis in Thin Cylindrical Shells
Task: Solve numerical examples to find hoop and longitudinal stresses. Draw a neat diagram
indicating stress directions and calculate wall thickness.
Related Module: Module VI – Thin Cylindrical Shells
10. Principal Stresses and Principal Planes (Graphical Method – Mohr’s Circle)
Task: Draw a detailed sheet showing the construction of Mohr’s Circle for a given biaxial
stress state. Determine the principal stresses, principal planes, and maximum shear stress.
Related Module: Module V – Combined Stresses and Mohr’s Circle
11. Thermal Stress Test in Composite Bars
Objective: To experimentally demonstrate the development of thermal stress in a composite
bar (e.g., steel and aluminum) when subjected to temperature variation.
Related Module: Module I – Thermal Stress in Bars
12. Verification of Hooke’s Law Using Spring Extension (Basic Demonstration)
Objective: To verify the linear relationship between load and extension (stress and strain) for
elastic materials.
Related Module: Module I – Hooke’s Law
13. Biaxial/Triaxial Stress Demonstration (Photoelasticity or FEM Simulation)
Objective: To visualize multi-axial stress distribution using photoelastic materials or software
simulation.
Related Module: Module I – Multi-Axial Loading
14. Experimental Verification of Shear Center in Open Sections
Objective: To locate the shear center of an asymmetrical beam section using loading and
deflection analysis.
Related Module: Module III – Shear Center in Open Sections
15. Buckling of Columns – Experimental Study
Objective: To study the buckling behavior of columns with different end conditions and
compare experimental critical loads with Euler’s theory.
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Syllabus of Third Year B.Tech. (Civil Engineering) w.e.f. 2025-26 (NEP 2020 Based Curriculum)
Related Module: Module IV – Euler’s Theory of Buckling
Justifications for CO-PO Mapping Values
CO No. Mapped PO Mapping Justification Intended Learning
Level Outcome (ILO)
Question
CO1Explain PO1 3 Strong theoretical Can you explain how
stress, strain, understanding of basic materials behave
and elastic stress-strain and material under axial and shear
behavior of behavior is essential and loading using stress-
materials. directly relates to strain relationships?
fundamental engineering
knowledge.
PO2 2 Some problem-solving Can you calculate the
involved in relating modulus of elasticity
different elastic constants or Poisson’s ratio
and interpreting stress- using given values?
strain curves, though basic.
PO12 1 Demonstrates lifelong How do you interpret
learning through basic material behavior
understanding of advanced using strain gauge
material behavior and readings?
measurements (e.g., strain
gauges).
CO2Calculate PO1 3 Requires sound Can you identify
internal forces understanding of static internal forces in a
and draw SFD principles and internal beam under various
and BMD. force concepts. loading conditions?
PO2 3 Heavy problem-solving Can you draw shear
component in constructing force and bending
SFD/BMD and identifying moment diagrams for
critical sections. a loaded beam?
PO4 2 Requires modeling and Can you apply
analysis of force systems; equilibrium equations
moderately analytical. to solve statically
determinate beams?
CO3Analyze PO1 3 Solid foundation in theory Can you explain
bending and of simple bending and bending stress
shear stress shear; key to mechanical variation along the
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Syllabus of Third Year B.Tech. (Civil Engineering) w.e.f. 2025-26 (NEP 2020 Based Curriculum)
distribution in behavior. beam depth?
beams.
PO2 3 Strong analytical Can you calculate
component in calculating maximum shear stress
bending and shear stresses. for a rectangular
section under loading?
PO4 2 Some analytical modeling Can you derive the
is required for finding expression for shear
stress distribution. stress across a beam
section?
CO4Analyze PO1 3 Requires deep conceptual Can you explain why
buckling of knowledge of axial loads columns buckle and
columns for and stability in mechanics. how end conditions
various end affect critical load?
conditions.
PO2 3 Involves solving Euler’s Can you compute the
and Rankine’s equations, critical buckling load
graphing stability curves. for a fixed-fixed
column?
PO4 2 Moderate modeling and How does column
system representation slenderness ratio
involved in slenderness and affect buckling
effective length. behavior?
CO5Analyze PO1 3 Requires strong theoretical Can you explain the
combined background in stress significance of
stress states transformation and principal stresses and
and determine mechanics. planes?
principal
stresses using
Mohr’s Circle.
PO2 3 Analytical and graphical Can you draw Mohr’s
skills needed to construct Circle and determine
Mohr’s Circle. principal stresses?
PO4 3 Significant modeling and Can you find stresses
system analysis using on an inclined plane
stress equations and visual using analytical and
methods. graphical tools?
CO6Apply PO1 3 Involves theoretical Can you explain how
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Syllabus of Third Year B.Tech. (Civil Engineering) w.e.f. 2025-26 (NEP 2020 Based Curriculum)
torsion theory understanding of torque, torsion affects a
and strain energy concepts, and shaft’s stress and
energy material behavior. deformation?
concepts to
shafts and
thin-walled
vessels.
PO2 3 Analytical component in Can you compute the
calculating torsional stress, torsional rigidity of a
angle of twist, strain hollow shaft?
energy.
PO4 2 Problem-solving involving How do you compute
energy methods and thin the wall thickness for
shell modeling. a pressurized
cylinder?
Bloom’s Level Breakdown Reference
Bloom’s Level Action Words Used What Students Do
Understand explain, describe Grasp concepts/theories
Apply calculate, solve Use concepts in new situations
Analyze analyze, differentiate, derive Break down, relate parts, infer
Evaluate (not used here) assess, justify Judge based on criteria
Suggested Modifications in Course Objectives
Existing Objective Suggested Revision Remarks
1) Understand the concepts of Explain stress-strain relationships, “Understand” is vague.
stress, strain, elastic constants, material behavior, and elastic Replace with “Explain”
and material behavior under constants under axial, shear, and to improve clarity and
axial, shear, and thermal loading. thermal loading. (Understand) alignment with Bloom’s
(Understand) verbs.
2) Apply static equilibrium Apply static equilibrium principles Good as-is, minor
principles to determine internal to determine internal forces and wording adjustment.
forces in beams and construct construct shear force and bending
shear force and bending moment moment diagrams for beams.
diagrams. (Apply) (Apply)
3) Analyze bending and shear Analyze stress distribution in beams Slightly condensed for
stress distributions in structural and evaluate section properties clarity.
members and determine critical including section modulus and shear
parameters like section modulus center. (Analyze)
and shear center. (Analyze)
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Syllabus of Third Year B.Tech. (Civil Engineering) w.e.f. 2025-26 (NEP 2020 Based Curriculum)
4) Analyze the buckling behavior Evaluate the buckling behavior of “Evaluate” may better
of columns and compute critical columns and calculate critical loads match advanced analysis.
buckling loads for various end for different boundary conditions.
conditions. (Analyze) (Analyze/Evaluate)
5) Analyze combined stress states Determine principal and shear "Determine" focuses
and determine principal and shear stresses in combined stress states more on measurable
stresses using stress using analytical methods and outcome.
transformation equations and Mohr’s Circle. (Analyze)
Mohr’s Circle. (Analyze)
6) Apply torsion theory and strain Apply torsion and strain energy Clearer and includes
energy principles to solve concepts to analyze shafts and thin- “mechanical loading” as
problems involving shafts and walled pressure vessels under context.
thin-walled pressure vessels. mechanical loading. (Apply)
(Apply)
Suggested Modifications in Course Outcomes
Existing CO Suggested CO Bloom Level Remarks
CO1: Explain stress, strain, CO1: Describe and interpret Understand “Describe and
and elastic behavior of stress-strain behavior and interpret” are
materials under axial, shear, elastic properties of materials clearer and
and thermal loading. under axial, shear, and actionable verbs.
thermal loads.
CO2: Calculate internal CO2: Calculate and sketch Apply Good alignment.
forces and draw shear force shear force and bending Slight reword for
and bending moment moment diagrams for action clarity.
diagrams for statically statically determinate beams
determinate beams. under various loading.
CO3: Analyze bending and CO3: Analyze and compute Analyze Makes the
shear stress distribution in bending and shear stress assessment
beams and determine distributions; determine elements explicit.
section modulus and shear section modulus and locate
center. shear center.
CO4: Analyze the buckling CO4: Evaluate critical Analyze/Evaluate Adds the verb
behavior of columns and buckling loads and analyze “Evaluate” for
determine critical loads for the behavior of columns measurable
various end conditions. under different boundary outcome.
conditions.
CO5: Analyze combined CO5: Solve problems Analyze Clearer and easier
stress states and determine involving combined stresses to assess.
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Syllabus of Third Year B.Tech. (Civil Engineering) w.e.f. 2025-26 (NEP 2020 Based Curriculum)
principal and shear stresses and determine principal and
using analytical and shear stresses using equations
graphical methods. and Mohr’s Circle.
CO6: Apply torsion theory CO6: Apply torsion theory Apply Refined to
and strain energy concepts and strain energy concepts to include
to solve problems involving evaluate stress, deformation, “evaluate” for
circular shafts and thin- and energy in shafts and thin deeper
walled cylinders. shells. application.
Course Code: CED203 Course Name: Strength of Credits 3-0-2: 3+2
Materials
Pre-Requisites: The students should have knowledge of Engineering Mechanics, Engineering Mathematics, and
Engineering Drawing.
Course Outcomes: At the end of the course, the student will be able to
Explain stress, strain, and elastic behavior of materials under axial, shear, and thermal
CO1
loading. (Understand)
Calculate internal forces and draw shear force and bending moment diagrams for statically
CO2
determinate beams. (Apply)
Analyze bending and shear stress distribution in beams and determine section modulus and
CO3
shear center. (Analyze)
Analyze the buckling behavior of columns and determine critical loads for various end
CO4
conditions. (Analyze)
Analyze combined stress states and determine principal and shear stresses using analytical
CO5
and graphical methods. (Analyze)
Apply torsion theory and strain energy concepts to solve problems involving circular shafts
CO6
and thin-walled cylinders. (Apply)
CO-PO mapping:
COs PO1 PO2 PO3 PO4 PO5 PO6 PO7 PO8 PO9 PO10 PO11 PO12
CO1 3 2 – – – – – – – – – 1
CO2 3 3 – 2 – – – – – – – –
CO3 3 3 – 2 – – – – – – – –
CO4 3 3 – 2 – – – – – – – –
CO5 3 3 – 3 – – – – – – – –
CO6 3 3 – 2 – – – – – – – –
CO-PSO mapping:
COs PSO1 PSO2 PSO3
CO1
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Syllabus of Third Year B.Tech. (Civil Engineering) w.e.f. 2025-26 (NEP 2020 Based Curriculum)
CO2
CO3
CO4
CO5
CO6
Course Coordinator Course Teacher Module Coordinator Program Coordinator
Syllabus of Third Year B.Tech. (Civil Engineering) w.e.f. 2025-26 (NEP 2020 Based Curriculum)
