Solution

CBSE GRADE 12 UNIT TEST QUESTION PAPER FROM CHAPTER 1,2,3,4,11,12 & 13 (DUPLICATE)

Class 12 - Mathematics
Section A
1.
(c) reflexive but not symmetric
Explanation:
As (1, 1), (2, 2), (3, 3 ) ∈ R, therefore R is reflexive. Since (1,2) ∈ R, but (2,1) ∉ R. Therefore,R is not symmetric.

2.
√1−x2
(c) x

Explanation:
Let sin–1 x = θ, then sinθ = x
⇒ cosec θ = 1

x
⇒ cosec2θ = 1

2
x

⇒ 1+ cot2 θ = 1

x2

√1−x2
⇒ cot θ = x

3. (a) Skew symmetric matrix

Explanation:
Given:(AB′ –BA′)′ = (AB′)′ – (BA′)′
= (AB)' - (BA)' ...(∵ A' = A and B' = B)
= B'A' - A'B'
= BA' - AB'
= - (AB' - BA' )
Therefore, we obtain(AB′ –BA′) is Skew-Symmetric.
4. (a) 64
Explanation:
−2 0 0
⎡ ⎤

A= ⎢ 0 −2 0 ⎥
⎣ ⎦
0 0 −2

|A| = -2[-4 - 0] - 0 + 0
= -8
Now, |adj A| = |A|n-1 ...(where n is the order of matrix n)
= (-8)3-1
= (-8)2
= 64
5.
(d) r ⃗ = ^i + 2^j + 3k
^
+λ (3^i + 2^j − 2k
^
.) ,λ ∈ R

Explanation:
The equation of the line which passes through the point (1, 2, 3) and is parallel to the vector
→
→
^ ^ ^
3 i + 2 j − 2k , let vector ˆ ˆ ˆ
a = i + j + k and vector b
^ ^ ^
= 3 i + 2 j − 2k ,
the equation of line is :
→ →
ˆ ˆ ˆ ^ ^ ^
a + λ b = ( i + j + k) + λ(3 i + 2 j − 2k)

6.
(d) 41

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 Explanation:
Corner Point Z = 0.7x + y

(0, 0) 0.7 × 0 + 0 = 0

(40, 0) 0.7 × 40 + 0 = 28

(30, 20) 0.7 × 30 + 20 = 41 ⟵ Maximum

(0, 40) 0.7 × 0 + 40 = 40

7.
q
(c) p = 2

Explanation:
We have Z = px + qy , At ( 3, 0 ) Z = 3p ……………………………….(1)
At ( 1 , 1) Z = p + q …………………………(2) Therefore , from (1) and (2) : We have : p = q/2 .

8.
(d) 1

13
×
1

13

Explanation:
Required probability = 4

52
⋅
4

52
=
13
1
×
1

13
[with replacement]

9. (a) Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A.

Explanation:
Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A.
Section B
– –
10. tan −1
√3 − sec
−1
(−2) = tan
−1
√3 − [π − sec
−1
2]
π −1 1
= − π + cos ( )
3 2
2π π π
= − + = −
3 3 3

11. we know that Principal value branch of cosec-1 x is [−

π π

2
, 0) ∪ (0,
2
] and its graph is given below.

12. We have,
x 5 3 4 7 14
2[ ] +[ ] = [ ]
7 y − 3 1 2 15 14

2x 10 3 4 7 14
⇒ [ ] +[ ] =[ ]
14 2y − 6 1 2 15 14

2x + 3 14 7 14
⇒ [ ] =[ ]
15 2y − 4 15 14

Comparing the corresponding elements from both sides,

2x + 3 = 7 ⇒ 2x = 4 ⇒ x = 2
2y - 4 = 14 ⇒ 2y = 18 ⇒ y = 9
Hence, x = 2, y = 9.
13. Since the product matrix is a 3 × 3 matrix and the premultiplier of A is a 3 × 2 matrix. Therefore, A is 2 × 3 matrix.
x y z
Let A = [ ]then, the given equation becomes
a b c

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 2 −1 −1 −8 −10
⎡ ⎤ ⎡ ⎤
x y z
⎢ 1 0⎥[ ] =⎢ 1 −2 −5 ⎥
⎣ ⎦ a b c ⎣ ⎦
−3 4 9 22 15

2x − a 2y − b 2z − c −1 −8 −10
⎡ ⎤ ⎡ ⎤

⎢ x y z⎥ =⎢ 1 −2 −5 ⎥
⎣ ⎦ ⎣ ⎦
−3x + 4a −3y + 4b −3z + 4c 9 22 15

⇒ 2x - a = -1, x = 1, -3x + 4a = 9, 2y - b = -8, y = -2, -3y + 4b = 22, 2z - c = -10, z = -5, -3z + 4c = 15

⇒ x = 1, a = 3, y = -2, b = 4, z = -5 and c = 0

1 −2 −5
Hence, A = [ ] .
3 4 0

14. Matrix form of given equations is AX = B

5 2 x 3
⇒ [ ][ ]= [ ]
3 2 y 5

5 2 x 3
Here A = [ ,X=[
] ] and B = [ ]
3 2 y 5

∣5 2∣
∴ |A| = ∣ ∣ = 10 - 6 = 4 ≠ 0
∣3 2∣

Therefore, solution is unique and X = A-1B = 1

|A|
(adj A) B
x 1
2 −2 3
= [ ]= [ ][ ]
4
y −3 5 5

1
6 − 10 1
−4 −1
= [ ]= [ ]= [ ]
4 4
−9 + 25 16 4

Therefore, x = -1 and y = 4
∣ x1 y1 1∣
∣ ∣
15. Given: Area of triangle = 1

2 ∣
x2 y2 1
∣
= 4 sq. units
∣ x3 y3 1∣

∣k 0 1∣
1 ∣ ∣
⇒ 4 0 1 = ±4
2 ∣ ∣
∣0 2 1∣
1
⇒ [k (0 − 2) − 0 + 1 (8 − 0)] = ±4
2
1
⇒ (−2k + 8) = ±4
2

⇒ −k + 4 = ±4

⇒ −k + 4 = ±4

Taking positive sign, −k + 4 = 4

⇒ k = 0

Taking negative sign, −k + 4 = −4

⇒ k = 8

Section C
16. We have S = {(a, b: a ≤ b3} where a, b ∈ R.
3
i. Reflexive: we observe that, 1

2
≤ (
1

2
) is not true.
∴ (
1

2
,
1

2
)∉ S . So, S is not reflexive.
ii. Symmetric: We observe that 1 ≤ 33 but 3 ≰ 13 i.e., (1, 3) ∈ S but (3, 1) ∉ S. So, S is not symmetric.
iii. Transitive: We observe that, 10 ≤ 33 and 3 ≤ 23 but 10 ≰ 23.
i.e., (10, 3) ∈ S and (3, 2) ∈ S but (10, 2) ∉ S.
So, S is not transitive.
∴ S is neither reflexive nor symmetric, not transitive.
17. Let A = {1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6}
Relation R is defined on set A as:
R = {(a, b): b = a + 1}
Therefore, R = {(1, 2), (2, 3), (3, 4), (4, 5), (5, 6)}
We find (a, a) ∉ R, where a ∈ A.
For instance (1, 1), (2, 2), (3, 3), (4, 4), (5, 5), (6, 6) ∉ R
Therefore, R is not reflexive.

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 It can be observed that (1, 2) ∈ R, but (2, 1) ∉ R.
Therefore, R is not symmetric.
Now, (1, 2), (2, 3) ∈ R
But, (1, 3) ∉ R
Therefore, R is not transitive
Hence, R is neither reflexive, nor symmetric, nor transitive.
18. cot −1 1
− cosec
−1
(−2) + sec
−1
(
2
)
√3 √3

π π π
= − (− ) +
6 6 3

π π π
= + +
6 6 3
4π
=
6
2π
=
3

3π
19. cos −1
(tan
4
)

−1 π π
= cos (tan( + ))
2 4

= cos-1(-1)
For any x ∈ [-1, 1], cos-1x represents an angle in [0, π ] whose cosine is x.
cos-1(-1) = π
3π
∴ Principle value of cos −1
(tan
4
) is π .
5 3
20. We have A = [ ]
−1 −2

5 3 5 3 25 − 3 15 − 6 22 9
∴ A2 = A. A = [ ]⋅ [ ]= [ ]= [ ]
−1 −2 −1 −2 −5 + 2 −3 + 4 −3 1

5 3 15 9
3A = 3[ ]= [ ]
−1 −2 −3 −6

1 0 7 0
and 7I 2 = 7[ ]= [ ]
0 1 0 7

22 9 15 9 7 0
∴ A2 - 3A - 7 I2 = [ ]− [ ]− [ ]
−3 1 −3 −6 0 7

22 − 15 − 7 9 − 9 − 0 0 0
=[ ]= [ ]= 0
−3 + 3 − 0 1 + 6 − 7 0 0

Now we have,
A2 - 3A - 7I = 02

Pre operating both sides with A-1, we get

A-1 [A2 - 3A - 7 I2] = A-1 O2

⇒ A−1⋅A ⋅ A−3 A−1⋅ A−7 A−1 ⋅ I = O2

Since, A−1⋅A = I2 , we get the following equation

⇒ I . A - 3 I2 - 7A-1 = O2 [∵ A-1 . A = I]

⇒ A - 3 I2 - 7A-1 = O2

⇒ 7A-1 = A - 3 I2
5 3 3 0 2 3
−1
7A = [ ]− [ ]= [ ]
−1 −2 0 3 −1 −5

1
2 3
−1
∴ A = [ ]
7
−1 −5

4 1
⎡ ⎤
2 1 2
21. We have, A = [ ] B= ⎢ 2 3 ⎥
1 2 4
2×3 ⎣ ⎦
1 2 3×2

So, AB and BA both are possible.

[Since, in both AB and BA, the number of columns of first is equal to the number of rows of second.]

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 4 1
⎡ ⎤
2 1 2
AB = [ ]⎢ 2 3⎥
1 2 4 ⎣ ⎦
1 2

8 + 2 + 2 2 + 3 + 4 12 9
= [ ]= [ ]
4 + 4 + 4 1 + 6 + 8 12 15

4 1
⎡ ⎤
2 1 2
And BA = ⎢ 2 3 ⎥ [ ]
⎣ ⎦ 1 2 4 2×3
1 2
3×2

4 × 2 + 1 4 + 2 8 + 4 9 6 12
⎡ ⎤ ⎡ ⎤
= ⎢ 4 + 3 2 + 6 4 + 12 ⎥ = ⎢ 7 8 16 ⎥
⎣ ⎦ ⎣ ⎦
2 + 2 1 + 4 2 + 8 4 5 10

Section D
2 −3 5
⎡ ⎤

22. Given: Matrix A = ⎢ 3 2 −4 ⎥

⎣ ⎦
1 1 −2

∣2 −3 5 ∣
∣ ∣
∴ |A| = 3 2 −4
∣ ∣
∣1 1 −2 ∣

⇒ |A| = 2(-4 + 4) - (-3)(-6 + 4) + 5(3 - 2) = 0 - 6 + 5 = -1 ≠ 0

∴ A-1 exists and A-1 = 1
(adj. A)...(i)
|A|

Now, A11 = 0, A12 = 2, A13 = 1 and A21 = -1, A22 = -9, A23 = -5 and A31 = 2, A32 = 23, A33 = 13
′
0 2 1 0 −1 2
⎡ ⎤ ⎡ ⎤

∴ adj. A =⎢ −1 −9 −5 ⎥ = ⎢ 2 −9 23 ⎥

⎣ ⎦ ⎣ ⎦
2 23 13 1 −5 13

From eq. (i),

0 −1 2 0 1 −2
⎡ ⎤ ⎡ ⎤
A-1 = 1

−1
⎢2 −9 23 ⎥ = ⎢ −2 9 −23 ⎥
⎣ ⎦ ⎣ ⎦
1 −5 13 −1 5 −13

Now, Matrix form of given equations is AX = B

2 −3 5 x 11
⎡ ⎤⎡ ⎤ ⎡ ⎤

⇒ ⎢3 2 −4 ⎥ ⎢ y ⎥ = ⎢ −5 ⎥
⎣ ⎦⎣ ⎦ ⎣ ⎦
1 1 −2 z −3

2 −3 5 x 11
⎡ ⎤ ⎡ ⎤ ⎡ ⎤
Here A =⎢ 3 2 −4 ⎥ , X = ⎢ y ⎥ and B =⎢ −5 ⎥
⎣ ⎦ ⎣ ⎦ ⎣ ⎦
1 1 −2 z −3

Therefore, solution is unique and X = A-1B

x 0 1 −2 11
⎡ ⎤ ⎡ ⎤⎡ ⎤

⇒ ⎢ y ⎥ = ⎢ −2 9 −23 ⎥ ⎢ −5 ⎥
⎣ ⎦ ⎣ ⎦⎣ ⎦
z −1 5 −13 −3

0 − 5 + 6
⎡ ⎤
= ⎢ −22 − 45 + 69 ⎥

⎣ ⎦
−11 − 25 + 39

1
⎡ ⎤

= ⎢2⎥

⎣ ⎦
3

Therefore, x = 1, y = 2 and z = 3
23. The given system of equations is consistent, if D ≠ 0 or, if D = 0, then D1 = D2 = D3 = 0.
We have,
∣1 1 1∣
∣ ∣
D = ∣2 5 a
∣
= 15 - 2a - 6 + a + 4 - 5 = 8 - a
∣1 2 3∣

∣6 1 1∣
∣ ∣
D1 = ∣ b 5 a
∣
= 6(15 - 2a) - (3b - 14a) + (2b - 70) = 2a - b + 20
∣ 14 2 3∣

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 ∣1 6 1∣
∣ ∣
D2 = ∣ 2 b a
∣
= (3b - 14a) - 6 (6 - a) + (28 - b) = - 8a + 2b - 8
∣1 14 3∣

∣1 1 6 ∣
∣ ∣
and, D3 = ∣ 2 5 b
∣
= (70 - 2b) - (28 - b) + 6 (4 - 5) = 36 - b
∣1 2 14 ∣

Now, D ≠ 0 ⇒ a - 8 ≠ 0 ⇒ a ≠ 8
Thus, the given system of equations will be consistent and will have a unique solution for a ≠ 8.
For a = 8, we have
D = 0 and D1 = 36 - b, D2 = 2b - 72, D3 = 36 - b
Clearly, D1 = D2 = D3 = 0 for b = 36.
Thus, for a = 8 and b = 36, we have
D = D1 = D2 = D3 = 0.
Putting a = 8 and b = 36 the given system of equations reduces to
x+y+z=6
2x + 5y + 8z = 36
x + 2y + 3z = 14
Taking z = k, first and third equations become
x+y=6-k
x + 2y = 14 - 3k
Solving these equations by Cramers rule, we get
∣ 6−k 1 ∣
∣ ∣
∣ 14−3k 2 ∣
x= ∣ 1
= 12 - 2k -14 + 3k = k - 2
1 ∣
∣ ∣
∣ 1 2 ∣

∣ 1 6−k ∣
∣ ∣
∣ 1 14−3k ∣
y= = 14 - 3k - 6 + k = 8 - 2k
∣ 1 1 ∣
∣ ∣
∣ 1 2 ∣

Thus, we have,
x = k - 2, y = 8 - 2k, z = k.
Clearly, these values satisfy the second equation. Thus, for a = 8 and b = 36, equations are consistent.
24. Suppose,
x−1 y−2 z−3
= = = λ
2 3 4

So the foot of the perpendicular is (2λ + 1, 3λ + 2, 4λ + 3)

The direction ratios of the perpendicular is
(2λ + 1 − 5) : (3λ + 2 − 9) : (4λ + 3 − 3)

⇒ (2λ − 4) : (3λ − 7) : (4λ)

Direction ratio of the line is 2 : 3 : 4

From the direction ratio of the line and the direct ratio of its perpendicular, we have
2(2λ − 4) + 3(3λ − 7) + 4(4λ) = 0

⇒ 4λ − 8 + 9λ − 21 + 16λ = 0

⇒ 29λ = 29

⇒ λ = 1

Therefore, the foot of the perpendicular is (3, 5, 7)

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 The foot of the perpendicular is the mid-point of the line joining (5, 9, 3) and (α, β, γ)
Therefore, we have
α+5
= 3 ⇒ α = 1
2
β +9
= 5 ⇒ β = 1
2
y+3
= 7 ⇒ γ = 11
2

Therefore, the image is (1, 1, 11)

→
25. ^ ^ ^
a 1 = −i − j − k
→
^ ^ ^
a 2 = 3 i + 5 j + 7k
→
^ ^ ^
b 1 = 7 i − 6 j + 1k
→
^ ^ ^
b 2 = i − 2j + k

→ →
^ ^ ^
a 2 − a 1 = 4 i + 6 j + 8k

∣^ ^ ^∣
i j k
→ → ∣ ∣
b 1 × b 2 = ∣7 −6 1∣
∣ ∣
∣1 −2 1∣

^ ^ ^
= −4 i − 6 j − 8k

⃗ ⃗ ^ ^ ^ ^ ^ ^
(a⃗2 − a⃗1 ). (b1 × b2 ) = (4 i + 6 j + 8k). (−4 i − 6 j − 8k) = -16 - 36 - 64 = -116
−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−
∣→ → ∣
2 2 2
∣ b 1 × b 2 ∣ = √(−4) + (−6) + (−8)
∣ ∣
−−−
= √116
−−
= 2√29

∣ ∣
→ →
∣ ( a 2 − a 1 ).( b1 × b2 ) ∣
d =
∣ ∣→ → ∣ ∣
∣ b 1× b 2∣
∣ ∣ ∣ ∣

∣ −116 ∣ 4×29
= =
∣ 2√29 ∣ 2√29
−−
= 2√29

26. We have,
Maximize, z = 5x + 2y
subject to the constraints:
x – 2y ≤ 2
3x + 2y ≤ 12
– 3x + 2y ≤ 3
x ≥ 0, y ≥ 0

Corner Points Values of z

3
(0,
2
) 3 ← Min. Value
3 15
(
2
,
4
) 15
7 3
(
2
,
4
) 19 ← Max. Value

(2, 0) 10
Hence, the maximum value of z is 19 at ( 7

2
,
3

4
)

And, the minimum value of z is 3 at (0, 3

2
)

27. Given,
Objective function, Maximize z = 3x + 5y

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 subject to the constraints
x + 2y ≤ 2000, x + y ≤ 1500, y ≤ 600, x ≥ 0 and y ≥ 0
Now, draw the line x + 2y = 2000, x + y = 1500, and y = 600

and shaded region is the feasible region satisfied by above inequalities. Here, the feasible region is bounded.
Now,
Corner points (x,y) Z =3x+5y
(0,0) 0
(1500,0) 3.1500+5.0=4500
(1000,500) 3.1000+5.500=5500
(0,500) 0+500.5=2500
Hence the maximum value of z is 5500, which occurs at A(1000, 500)
Section E
28. i. Let she travels x kms with speed 25 km/hr and y kms with speed 40 km/hr.
x, y ≥ 0
x y
+ ≤ 1
25 40

2x + 5y ≤ 100
Z=x+y
ii. Let she travels x kms with speed 25 km/hr and y kms with speed 40 km/hr.
x, y ≥ 0
x y
+ ≤ 1
25 40

2x + 5y ≤ 100
Z=x+y

iii. Here Z = x + y
Corner Points Value of Z = x + y

(0, 0) 0

(25, 0) 25
50 40
(
3
,
3
) 30 ← Maximum

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 (0, 20) 20
50 40
Thus, max Z = 30 occurs at point ( 3
,
3
) .
Hence maximum distance covered by Sheetal in 1 hour = 30 km
OR
Corner Points Value of Z = 6x - 9y

(0, 0) 0

(25, 0) 150 ← Maximum

50 40
(
3
,
3
) -20

(0, 20) -180

Maximum value is 150.
29. i. It is given that if India loose any match, then the probability that it wins the next match is 0.3.
∴ Required probability = 0.3

ii. It is given that, if India loose any match, then the probability that it wins the next match is 0.3.
∴ Required probability = 1 - 0.3 = 0.7

iii. Required probability = P(India losing first match) ⋅ P(India losing second match when India has already lost first match) = 0.4
× 0.7 = 0.28
OR
Required probability = P(India winning first match) ⋅ P(India winning second match if India has already won first match) ⋅
P(India winning third match if India has already won first two matches) = 0.6 × 0.4 × 0.4 = 0.096

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