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2 String Methods

The document explains string methods in Python, highlighting that strings are objects with built-in methods like upper(), lower(), and strip(). It introduces the concept of introspection, allowing users to inquire about string methods and types using functions like dir() and type(). Additionally, it provides examples of how to utilize these methods effectively.

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8 views2 pages

2 String Methods

The document explains string methods in Python, highlighting that strings are objects with built-in methods like upper(), lower(), and strip(). It introduces the concept of introspection, allowing users to inquire about string methods and types using functions like dir() and type(). Additionally, it provides examples of how to utilize these methods effectively.

Uploaded by

realbhavi1
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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String Methods

Let's learn about methods provided by the Python's string object

A string is an object in Python. In fact, everything in Python is an object.


However, you’re not really ready for that. If you want to know more about
how Python is an object oriented programming language, then you’ll need to
skip to that chapter. In the meantime, it’s enough to know that strings have
their very own methods built into them. For example, let’s say you have the
following string:

my_string = "This is a string!"

Now you want to cause this string to be entirely in uppercase. To do that, all
you need to do is call its upper() method, like this:

my_string = "This is a string!"


print(my_string.upper())

# Or more concisely
print("This is a string!".upper())

There are many other string methods. For example, if you wanted everything
to be lowercase, you would use the lower() method. If you wanted to remove
all the leading and trailing white space, you would use strip(). To get a list of
all the string methods, you can use Python’s built-in function dir. Let’s look at
this in action

my_string = "This is a string!"


print(dir(my_string))

# [
# '__add__', '__class__', '__contains__', '__delattr__',
# ...
# ...
...
# ...
# 'translate', 'upper', 'zfill'
# ]

You can safely ignore the methods that begin and end with double-
underscores, such as __add__. They are not used in every day Python coding.
Focus on the other ones instead. If you’d like to know what one of them does,
just ask for help. For example, say you want to learn what capitalize is for. To
find out, you would type

my_string = "This is a string!"


print(help(my_string.capitalize))

# Help on built-in function capitalize:


# capitalize(...) method of builtins.str instance
# S.capitalize() -> str
# Return a capitalized version of S, i.e. make the first character
# have upper case and the rest lower case.

You have just learned a little bit about a topic called introspection. Python
allows easy introspection of all its objects, which makes it very easy to use.
Basically, introspection allows you to ask Python about itself. In an earlier
section, you learned about casting. You may have wondered how to tell what
type the variable was (i.e. an int or a string). You can ask Python to tell you
that!

my_string = "This is a string!"


print(type(my_string)) # <class 'str'>

As you can see, the my_string variable is of type str!

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