Basic Hardware

1. Central Processing Unit (CPU)

2. Memory (Mem)
3. Input Unit
4. Output Unit

Company Name Series Name

Intel Pentium
AMD K5,k6,etc
Cyrix M2,M3,etc

Company CPU Type Motherboard Type

Intel Pentium MMX Socket 7
Intel Pentium PRO Socket 8
Intel Pentium 2 Slot 1
Intel Pentium 3 PGA 370
Intel Pentium 4 PGA 478

1024 MHz is equal to 1 GHz

Pentium 4 Celeron
Pentium 4
Pentium 4HT (Hyper Thread Technology)
Pentium 4(Dual Core)

CPU ကုိဝယ္ယူမည္ဆုိပါက
Speed e.g. 3.0GHz, 2.8GHz
Forted Side Bus (FSB) e.g. 1066 MHz, etc.
L1 Cache Memory e.g. 256, 512, etc.

Speed

Pentium 4 Celeron Maximum speed 2.66 GHz

Pentium 4 Maximum speed 3.0 GHz
Pentium 4 HT Maximum speed 3.8 GHz

Forted Side Bus (FSB)

Pentium 4 Celeron Maximum FSB 533MHz

Pentium 4 Maximum FSB 800 MHz
Pentium 4 (HT) Maximum FSB 1066 MHz

Cache Memory

Pentium 4 Celeron Maximum Memory 256MB

Pentium 4 Maximum Memory 1GB
Pentium 4 (HT) Maximum Memory 2GB

Pentium HT

Logical အရ CPU 2 လုံးစာအလုပ္လုပ္

 Pentium Dual Core

Physical အရ CPU 2 လုံးစာအလုပ္လုပ္

Memory

There are two types of memories. They are

1. Primary memory
2. Secondary memory

Main memory

SD (RAM) အခ်ိဳင့္ 2 ခ်ိဳင့္ပါ, က်ဲ

DDR, SD (RAM) အခ်ိဳင့္ 1 ခ်ိဳင့္ပါ
RD (RAM) အခ်ိဳင့္ 2 ခ်ိဳင့္ပါ ကပ္ရက္

SD (RAM)
Speed 66MHz 133MHz 266MHz
Capacity 64MB 128MB 256MB 512MB

DDR, SD (RAM)\Double Data Range\

Speed 266MHz 333MHz 400MHz
Capacity 256MB 512MB 1GB

RD (RAM) Ran bus Data

Speed 800MHz
Capacity အရမ္းရွား အသုံးနည္း

၁ခါစုိက္လ်ွင္A ေခ်ာင္းစုိက္သျဖင့္လုိအပ္ခ်က္မ်ားလုိအပ္ခ်က္မ်ားလုိ ့ေစ်းႀကီး

Cache Memory

L1 Cache Memory 16KB

L2 Cache Memory 128KB to 2MB
 Secondary Memory

1. Hard disk (SEGATE, HITACHI, SAMSUNG)

2. Floppy disk
3. Memory Stick
4. CD Drive
5. DVD Drive

Hard Disk

40 Pins Integrated Device Electronic (IDE)

5400 RPM,7200 RPM (Revolution Per Minute)

7 Pins Serial ATA(SATA) ေနာက္ဆုံးေပၚ Motherboard ျဖင့္သာအဆင္ေျပ

7200 RPM, 10000 RPM, 15000 RPM

40 pin 40 wires 66 Mega bits Per Second

IDE
40 pin 80 wire 133 Mega bits per second

SATA(Serial ATA)

150 Mega bit per second

300 Mega bit per second

IDE Drive

Hard Disk and CD ROM

ႀကီဳးတစ္ခုတည္းဆုိပါက Jumper ေရႊ ့ရမည္။
e.g. Master and slave
8 bits = 1 Byte

31/2 Floppy Disk 5 and 1/2 Floppy Disk

1.44 MB 360 KB
2.88 MB 320 KB

Memory Stick

Data Only
3 in 1 Data, FM, MP3
5in1 Data, FM, Voice, Recording, MP3
MP4 Data, FM, Voice, Recording, Display, Camera

Memory Capacity

128MB, 256MB, 512MB, 1GB, 2GB, 4GB

CD Drive

CD ROM (Read Only) (Note: Capacity 700 MB)

CD RW (Read and Write)
CD CAMBO (Read DVD and Write CD)
DVD ROM (Read Only CD and DVD)
DVD RW (CD RW, DVD RW) (Note: Capacity 4.7 GB)
Mouse
Normal Serial 9 pin

PS2 6 pin (Green)

USB 4 pin (Black) Most Used In Today

Keyboard
Normal 5 pin (Circle)

PS2 6 pin (violent)

USB 4 pin (Black)

USB (Universal Serial Bus)

USB 1.1 Pentium MMX Pentium အနိမ့္ပုိင္း

USB 2.0 Pentium 3 မွစျပီး USB 2.0

USB high 1.5 Mega bits per second

low 1.2 Mega bits per second
e.g. Mouse, Keyboard, Printer, Scanner

Output Unit
 Size of LCD Display 14`, 15`, 17`, 20`

Power supply

AC to DC converter
Alternating current to direct current converter
Power 200W, 250W, 300W, 350W, 400W, 450W

1. Power distributed
2. Access the other
3. Provide the other channel
 Ports

Serial Port 9 pin mouse, printer, modem, extern ပန္းရင့္ေရာင္

Parallel Port 25 pin scanner, printer

line printer port

VGA (Video Graphic Acceleration) Port 3 rolls, 15 pin Monitor တပ္ရန္ (Onboard VGA)(Built in VGA)
Projector တပ္ရန္ အျပာေရာင္

Game Port 2 rolls,15 pin joystick သုံးရန္ (ေနာက္ပုိင္းမရွိ)

Network Port ( RJ 45) Network cable တပ္ရန္

USB Port Mouse, scanner and so on. အနက္ေရာင္

Slot

ISA 16 MHz Black Sound card, network card, internal modem card

PCI 33 MHz White

AGP (Accelerated Graphic Port) 66 MHz brown, red, green AGP card only
PCI Express 1066 MHz PCI Express card only (Display)

Switch and LED (Light Emitting Diode)

Yellow HDD reset

Green Power LED
Black Power
Orange reset
White (-) Minus
 Lab 4
Chapter 4
CMOS (Complementary Metal Oxide Semiconductor)

BIOS Basic Input Output System

ROM (Read Only Memory)
CMOS (Complementary Metal Oxide Semiconductor)

1. To change Date and Time (Manual)

2. To test hardware device (Manual)
3. Provide POST (Power on Self Test) process (Auto)

BIOS ေႀကာင္ေနပါက window မတက္ခဲ့လ်ွင္ username, password ရုိက္မရလွ်င္

CMOS program ထဲဝင္ျပီး Date Time ျပင္ႏုိင္သည္

Version of CMOS

AMI version Press F2 (in old version DEL)

Award version Press DEL
Phoenix version Press Ctrl + Alt +ESC
Phoenix and Award version DEL
 Lab (4) Chapter (6)

System Window XP, Window 98

Application MS Office, Excel
Language Translator
(Java, C++, C+, VB net)

Window NT Window 98
Window Server Window ME
Window Advanced Sever Window 2000
Window Sever 2003 Window 2000(Pro)
Window XP
Window XP (Pro)
Window Vista
Window 7
Window XP

Hardware Requirement

1. CPU speed 233 MHz

2. Memory Capacity 64 MB
3. Hard Disk Free Space 1.5 GB
4. Monitor resolution 640 x 480

Recommended Requirement

1. CPU speed 550 MHz

2. Memory Capacity 128 MB, 2GB (max)
3. Hard Disk Free Space 2 GB
4. Monitor resolution 800 x 600
Window XP Installation

1. CMOS Program ထဲဝင္

2. Hard Disk ကုိစစ္ Aခုစလုံးသိရမည္။
3. Advanced BIOS Feature ထဲဝင္
st
4. 1 Boot Device မွာ CD Drive ေၾကညာ
5. Press F10 save and exit (CD ႏွင့္Bootတက္ခ်င္လုိ ့)
6. Press any key Boot from CD

Window XP Installation CD Key

7QVT6 – T3738 – WRKJB – YKRFQ – XVK98

Run Program

devmgmt.msc = device manager

dxdiag = DirectX Diagnostic Tool
appwiz.cpl = Add or remove program

Driver Installation

1. Run Driver CD
2. Setup Driver Installation

? = Driver Error
! = Device Error
x = Device Disable
 Chapter (10)
Norton Installation
Antivirus Software

Name of Corporation

Symantec
Kaspersky
Bitdefense
Panda
AVG
Internet Security
Avast

Type of Virus

1. File virus
2. Micro virus
3. Boot virus
4. Network virus

Error missing ဟု မည္သည့္အရာမွာေပၚလာမည္မဟုတ္ေသာ္

Box တက္လာမည္ လည္းwindowမတက္ေတာ့ေခ်။
â â
Window တက္ရန္ Window တက္ရန္
လမ္းေၾကာင္းရွာ Hardware ရွာ
2. Micro virus

Microsoft ႏွင့္ပတ္သက္ေသာ virus

3. Boot virus

MBR (Master Boot Record), boot record ႏွင့္သက္ဆုိင္ေသာvirus ၿဖစ္သျဖင့္ရွားပါး၊အျဖစ္နည္း

4. Network virus

ထုvိ irus အကုိက္ခံရပါက network မမိ။

Norton Installation ႏွင့္ပတ္သက္ေသာA, B, C, D, E,,,,,,,,,,, I f Box မ်ားေပၚလာပါက 0

အကုန္လုံးရုိက္ထည့္ရျပီးေနာက္ဆုံးAလုံးကုို 999(Day Remain)
ရုိက္ထည့္ရမည္

Download လုပ္ပါက

www.norton.com.
www.google.com. –search- Norton download – English update
 Chapter (11)
Modem Installation

1. Antilog to digital
2. digital to antilog

Internal modem External Modem

PCI slot serial port

USB port
Parallel Port

ISP (Internet Service Provider)

Bagan net MPT

1. Dial-up connection
2. Board band connection
3. IP star Connection
4. ADSL connection

1. Dial-up connection

1. phone line
2. modem
3. Access Kit

2. Broad band Connection

1. Account 132. 168. 200. 27

2. IP address 255. 255. 255. 0
 3. IP Star connection

1. Sub net mask 192. 168. 200. 62

2. Gateway addresses 203. 81. 71. 68
3. DNS address 203. 81. 71. 73

4. ADSL connection

Give phone 2 lines which started with 4 or 7.

Dial-up Connection

Call 146 (Bagan net)

Call 144 (MPT)

IP Server 203. 81. 71. 69

DNS (Domain Network Sever) 203. 81. 71. 73
Web browser

IE (Internet Explorer)
Mozila (fire Fox)
Netscape (Navigator)
Google (Chrome)
Opera

Proxy adds: Cache-dial-bagan.net.com

Agent adds:
Port adds: 8080

User name: DD4a6618

Password: LJB7dR4R

Create a dial-up Connection

1. Select create a new connection

2. Click “next”, choose “connect to internet” and next
3.”next”, choose set up my connection manually
4.”next”, choose “connect using a dial-up connection
5.”next”, type ISP name
6.“next”, type ISP phone: 146 or 144
7.”next”, user name and password
8.”finish”, click dial
9. select “ Internet Explorer click properties
10. choose “connection” à setting
11. select “use a proxy server
type address: cache-dial.bagan.net.mm
port: 8080
12. click “OK”
13. open IE
14. Alt + T à Internet Option, Ok
15. select “connection”, click “OK”
 Chapter (12)

1. Ghost (Hard disk to Hard disk copy)

Primary source

C: D: à C: D:
Source destination

Requirement

1. same chipset
2. same amount of hard disk space
3. same motherboard

1. Ghost software ကုိသုံးမည္ဆုိပါက window တင္သကဲ့သုိ ့1st boot device တြင္ CD ROM
ကုိထားရမည္။
2. A: ကုိျပထားေသာ device D: or E: ေျပာင္းရမည္။
3. dir ရုိက္ပါကdirectory ေပၚလာမည္။
4. ghost ရုိက္ရမည္။

PQ Magic

1. ghost ကဲ့သုိ ့ CD ROM ေၾကညာရမည္။

2. A: ကုိျပထားေသာ device D: or E: ေျပာင္းရမည္။
3. spacebar ခံၿပီး PQ ရုိက္ရမည္။
4. pqmagic ဟုရုိက္ရမည္။
.
 Chapter (13)
System Recovery and Troubleshooting

System Recovery
F8

Safe Mode Safe mode ျဖင့္အသုံးျပဳပါက driver Installation နွင့္အျခား application

မ်ားပါျပဳတ္သြားမည္။

Safe Mode with Network ပါအသုံးျပဳႏုိင္သည္။

network

Safe Mode with Command prompt အေနျဖင့္သုံးႏုိင္သည္။

Command Prompt

VGA enable Monitor ကုိမႏုိင္ပါကအသုံးျပဳႏုိင္။

Last known good System restore နွင့္သေဘာတရားတူညီ။
configuration

CD ROM reading speed RW speed Write speed

52 x 12 x 52

Troubleshooting

The most important files of operating system are ntldr , ntdetect , boot.ini
ntldr ကုိျဇတ္ပါက
ntldr missing ေပၚလာပါက
XP CD ကုိထည့္
CMOS ထဲဝင္
Advanced BIOS feature ထဲဝင္
CD ROM ကုိေၾကညာ

1. 1 ကုိရုိက္ enter
2. help ကုိရုိက္f
3. ESC ကုိရုိက္
4. map ကုိရုိက္
5. column ကုိၾကည့္ CD ROM ပါမည့္ column ကုိေရြး။
6. dir ကုိရုိက္f
7. CD I386 ကုိရုိက္
8. dir ntldr ကုိရုိက္
9. copy ntldr c:\
10. exit
11. hidden and press key F5

ntdetect ကုိျဇတ္ပါက
ဘာမွေပၚလာမည္မဟုတ္
XP CD ကုိထည့္
CMOS ထဲဝင္
Advanced BIOS feature ထဲဝင္
CD ROM ကုိေၾကညာ
1. 1ကုိရုိက္ enter
2. help ကုိရုိက္f
3. ESC ကုိရုိက္
4. map ကုိရုိက္
5. column ကုိၾကည့္ CD ROM ပါမည့္ column ကုိေရြး။
6. dir ကုိရုိက္
7. CD I386 ကုိရုိက္
8. dir ntdetect.com ကုိရုိက္
9. copy ntdetect.com c:\
10. exit
11. hidden and press key F5
The Four Ways to improve Window XP performance

Start up à run à prefetch Delete all

Start up à run àregedit - Hkey-current-user – control penal

- Desktop – menu show delay
- Change 400 to 0

Start up àrun à msconfig -Uncheck program

e.g. (messenger, Google,)
Press OK and without restarting

Control Penal à System à advanced à setting

Adjust for best performance

MS-DOS (Microsoft Disk Operating System)

dir directory
dir/w directory with word
dir/p directory by pages
dir/q directory
copy copy filename to
CD change directory
MD Make directory
Edit edit directory and save txt or bat files types
Help also show the command
Del del the file or directory
Ver version of MS-Dos XP
Date display the set of date
 How To Make Batch files

computername Specifies a remote computer, commands are scheduled on the local computer if this parameter is omitted.

is an identification number assigned to a scheduled command.

/delete cancel a scheduled command. IF id is omitted. all the scheduled command on the computer are canceled

/yes used with cancel all job command when no further confirmation is desired.

ime Specifies the time when command is run

/interactive Allow the job to interact with the desktop of the user who is logged on at the time the job runs.

/every:date[,...] Runs the command on each specified day(s) of the week or month. If date is omitted, the current day of the
month is assumed.
/next:date[,...] Runs the specified command on the next occurence of the day (for example, next thursday). If date is
omitted, the current day of the month is assumed.

command” Is the Window NT command, or batch program to be run.