Final Exam Study Guide

1) Which of the following best describes Richard Nixon’s role in the Watergate scandal?
Nixon attempted to cover up the break in at the DNC (Democratic National
Committee) headquarters

2) (T/F)The United States annexed Hawaii in 1898, following a successful overthrow of the
Hawaiian monarchy. True
3) (T/F)The Treaty of Paris, which ended the Spanish-American War in 1898, resulted in the
U.S. acquiring Puerto Rico, Guam, and the Philippines. True
4) Which U.S. President first declared the "War on Drugs" in the 1970s?
Richard Nixon
5) When was the first official case of AIDS reported in the United States?
1981
6) What was the primary cause of the Persian Gulf War in 1990? Iraq’s
invasion of Kuwait
7) What was a major domestic policy achievement of President Bill Clinton during his time
in office? Welfare reform (Personal Responsibility and Work Opportunity
Reconciliation Act)
8) What event triggered the Los Angeles Riots of 1992? The acquittal of police officers
who beat Rodney King
9) (T/F)The Oklahoma City bombing was the worst terrorist attack on U.S. soil until the
September 11, 2001, World Trade Center Attack. True
10) What year did the Columbine High School shooting take place? 1999
11) What were the main causes of the Korean War? North Korea’s invasion of South
Korea; Cold War tensions
12) What were the causes of U.S. involvement in Vietnam? Containment of communism;
Gulf of Tonkin incident
13) What was the role of the anti-war movement in the United States? It influenced public
opinion and pressured the government to withdraw troops.
14) What were the major goals of the Civil Rights Movement? End segregation, secure
voting rights, and achieve racial equality.
15) How did the Montgomery Bus Boycott influence the movement? It sparked national
attention and launched MLK jr as a leader
16) What was the legal precedent overturned by Brown v. Board of Education? Plessy vs.
Ferguson
17) (T/F) César Chávez only focused on labor rights and had no involvement in broader
civil rights issues. False
18) (T/F) Dolores Huerta co-founded the United Farm Workers (UFW) alongside
 César Chávez. True
19) (T/F) Betty Friedan was the author of The Feminine Mystique, a book that helped
spark the second-wave feminist movement. True
20) (T/F) Rosa Parks' arrest led to a year-long bus boycott that resulted the desegregation
of public buses in Montgomery. True
21) Matching terms (ARGO Movie)
22) What was the primary target of the terrorists on September 11, 2001, in New York City?
World Trade Center
23) What law, passed in response to 9/11, greatly expanded government surveillance
powers? USA Patriot Act
24) In what year did Hurricane Katrina strike the Gulf Coast? 2005
25) What is the central issue that drives the student protests in Walkout? Poor conditions
and discrimination in East LA schools
26) What was one demand the students made during the walkouts? Culturally relevant
curriculum and more Latino teachers
27) Rock and roll music originated in the United States during which decade? 1950s
28) Which musical genres were major influences on early rock and roll? Blues,
gospel, rhythm and blues
29) What was the first national park established in the United States? Yellowstone
30) Which U.S. President is most famously associated with expanding and protecting
national parks? Theodore Roosevelt
31) In what year was Barack Obama first elected President of the United States?
2008
32) What major healthcare reform law was passed during Obama’s presidency?
Affordable Care Act (Obama care)
33) Who was Barack Obama’s vice president? Joe Biden
34) What was the significance of the 38th parallel before and after the
war? It marked the division between Nort and South Korea before and
after the war.
35) How did the Tet Offensive impact public opinion on the war? It
decreased public support for the Vietnam War
36) What role did the NAACP play in the movement? Provided legal support and helped
challenge segregation laws in court
37) What was the significance of the "I Have a Dream" speech? It became a defining
moment for the Civil Rights Movement and highlighted the demand for racial equality
38) How did the ruling impact segregation in schools? It declared segregation in public
schools unconstitutional
39) In 1972, President Nixon made a historic trip to which country, which played a key role
in his policy of detente? China
40) The Philippines gained independence from the United States immediately after the
 Spanish-American War. False
41) The creation of the Drug Enforcement Administration (DEA) in 1973 was part of which
U.S. President's anti-drug efforts? Richard Nixon
42) In which year did Barack Obama win the Nobel Peace Prize? 2009
43) Operation Desert Storm was a military operation launched by the United States and
coalition forces in response to which event? Iraq’s invasion of Kuwait
44) Which major trade agreement did Bill Clinton support and help implement during his
presidency? (NAFTA) North American Free Trade Agreement