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Inheritance

Inheritance in programming defines the relationship between classes, allowing one class to inherit structure and behavior from another. It includes various types such as single-level, multi-level, hierarchical, multiple, and hybrid inheritance, with the 'extends' keyword used for inheritance. The 'super' keyword is essential for invoking superclass constructors and differentiating between superclass and subclass members.

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6 views11 pages

Inheritance

Inheritance in programming defines the relationship between classes, allowing one class to inherit structure and behavior from another. It includes various types such as single-level, multi-level, hierarchical, multiple, and hybrid inheritance, with the 'extends' keyword used for inheritance. The 'super' keyword is essential for invoking superclass constructors and differentiating between superclass and subclass members.

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pyvbvaraprasad
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© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Inheritance

Inheritance defines relationship among classes, wherein one class share structure or behavior
defined in one or more classes.
Type
1. Single-level inheritance Inher1.java
2. Multi-level Inheritance
3. Hierarchical Inheritance Inhertest2.java
4. Multiple Inheritance
5. Hybrid Inheritance

 One class inherits the other using extends keyword


 The class being inherited from is called the parent class or superclass. The class that is
inheriting is called the child class or subclass.
 A subclass can access the attributes and methods of its superclass (if not private).
 Multilevel inheritance but no multiple inheritance
 There is a special way to call the superclass’s constructor
 There is automatic dynamic method dispatch
 Inheritance provides code reusability (code of any class can be used by extending that class)
IS-A Relationship
• In inheritance, subclass and superclass follow the ‘is-a’ relationship.
• Derived class instance can access all the properties of base class
Simple inheritance
Java Subclass with Constructor
The constructor of a subclass can call the constructor of its superclass, but the reverse
is not true.
Let’s see how the constructor of a superclass is called from the constructor of its
subclass.
The creation and initialization of the superclass object is a prerequisite to the
creation of the subclass object.
When a subclass object is created,
• It creates the superclass object
• Invokes the relevant superclass constructor.
• The initialized superclass attributes are then inherited by the subclass object

finally followed by the creation of the subclass object


• initialization of its own attributes through a relevant constructor
subclass
• The constructors of the superclass are never inherited by the subclass
• This is the only exception to the rule that a subclass inherits all the properties of
its superclass
Inhertest2.java
super
 super keyword is similar to this keyword.
 It is used to differentiate the members of superclass from the members of subclass, if they
have same names.
 It is used to invoke the superclass constructor from subclass.
 ‘super’ is a keyword used for variables of super class from sub class (super.a=a;)
 It is used to call a constructor of super class from constructor of sub class which should be
first statement.(super(a,b);)
 It is used to call a super class method from sub class method to avoid redundancy of code
(super.addNumbers(a, b)) Inher3.java
Using super to Call Superclass Constructors
• super() if present, must always be the first statement executed inside a
subclass constructor.
• It clearly tells you the order of invocation of constructor in a class
hierarchy.
• Constructors are invoked in the order of their derivation
Inhertest3.java
Multilevel Inheritance Inher6.java

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