Today, Let’s move on to the next topic in the Python Coding Challenge:

🔹 *Day 6: Conditionals (if, elif, else)*

In Python, conditional statements allow your code to make decisions.

💡 *What Are Conditionals?*

They help your program execute certain code blocks only when specific conditions are true.

✅ *Syntax* :
if condition:
# Code runs if condition is True
elif another_condition:
# Runs if previous conditions were False, this one is True
else:
# Runs if none of the above conditions are True

🧠 *Example* :
age = 18

if age >= 18:

print("You’re an adult.")
elif age > 13:
print("You’re a teenager.")
else:
print("You’re a child.")

*Output:*

You’re an adult.

🎯 *Mini Project: Guess the Number Game*

Let’s build a small game using what we’ve learned so far:

*Python Code*

import random

number = random.randint(1, 10)

guess = int(input("Guess a number between 1 and 10: "))

🎉
if guess == number:
print(" Correct! You guessed it right.")
elif guess < number:
print("Too low! Try again.")
else:
print("Too high! Try again.")

print(f"The correct number was: {number}")

This project uses:

- if, elif, else

- User input
- Random module

*React with ❤️ once you’re ready for the quiz*

Python Coding Challenge:
https://whatsapp.com/channel/0029VaiM08SDuMRaGKd9Wv0L/1661

Today, Let’s move on to the next topic in the Python Coding Challenge:

🔹 *Day 7: Loops in Python (for and while)*

Loops are one of the most powerful tools in programming. They help us repeat tasks without
writing repetitive code.

🔁 *for Loop*
Use a for loop when you know how many times you want to repeat something.

```for i in range(5):
print(i)```

🟢 *Output* :
0
1
2
3
4

✅ range(5) creates a sequence from 0 to 4

✅ i takes each value one by one
🔁 *while Loop*
Use a while loop when you want to repeat until a condition is no longer true.

```count = 1
while count <= 5:
print(count)
count += 1```

🟢 *Output* :
1
2
3
4
5

🔨 *Mini Projects to Practice*

*1. Multiplication Table Generator*

```num = int(input("Enter a number: "))

for i in range(1, 11):

print(f"{num} x {i} = {num * i}")```

👉 *This lets users generate the multiplication table of any number.*

*2. Pattern Printer (Staircase of Stars)*

```rows = 5
for i in range(1, rows + 1):
print("*" * i)```

🟢 *Output:*
*
**
***
****
*****

👉 *Great intro to nested logic and string multiplication.*

*React with ❤️ once you’re ready for the quiz*

Python Coding Challenge:

https://whatsapp.com/channel/0029VaiM08SDuMRaGKd9Wv0L/1661
Today, Let’s move on to the next topic in the Python Coding Challenge:

🔹 *Day 8: Functions in Python*

🤔 *What is a Function?*
A function is a reusable block of code that performs a specific task.

Think of it as a machine: you give it some input (arguments), it processes something, and then
gives you output.

✅ *Defining a Function*
Here’s the basic structure:

def greet():
print("Hello, Python learner!")

To call or run the function:

greet()

🟢 *Output:*
Hello, Python learner!

✅ *Function with Parameters*

You can make your function accept values using parameters:

def greet(name):
 print(f"Hello, {name}!")

greet("Sam")

🟢 *Output:*
Hello, Sam!

✅ *Return Values*
Functions can return values instead of just printing them:

def add(a, b):

return a + b

result = add(3, 5)
print(result)

🟢 *Output:* 8
🔨 *Mini Project: Prime Number Checker*
Let’s use what we learned to create a small, useful function!

def is_prime(n):
if n < 2:
return False
for i in range(2, int(n**0.5)+1):
if n % i == 0:
return False
return True

# Try it!
num = int(input("Enter a number: "))
if is_prime(num):
print("It's a prime number.")
else:
print("Not a prime number.")

🧠 *This project introduces:*

- Logic inside a function
- Conditional checks

- Looping through a range

*React with ❤️ once you’re ready for the quiz*

Python Coding Challenge:
https://whatsapp.com/channel/0029VaiM08SDuMRaGKd9Wv0L/1661
Today, Let’s move on to the next topic in the Python Coding Challenge:

🔹 *Day 9: Function Arguments in Python*

🤔 *Why are Arguments Important?*
Arguments allow us to pass data into a function so it can act on different values — making the
function dynamic instead of static.

✅ *Types of Function Arguments*

*1. Positional Arguments*

These are the most common — the order matters.

```def greet(name, age):

print(f"{name} is {age} years old.")

greet("Alex", 25) ```

*2. Keyword Arguments*

You specify the name of the argument, so order doesn’t matter.

greet(age=25, name="Alex")

*3. Default Arguments*

Provide a default value so the argument becomes optional.

```def greet(name, city="Delhi"):

print(f"{name} is from {city}")
greet("Riya") # Uses default city
greet("Riya", "Mumbai") # Overrides default

```

*4. Variable-length Arguments*

*args for multiple positional values (tuple)

**kwargs for multiple keyword values (dictionary)

```
def total(*numbers):
return sum(numbers)

print(total(2, 4, 6)) # Outputs: 12

def display_info(**data):
for key, value in data.items():
print(f"{key} = {value}")

display_info(name="John", age=30)
```

🔨 *Mini Project: Tip Calculator with Tax*

```
def calculate_total(bill, tip_percent=10, tax_percent=5):
tip = bill * (tip_percent / 100)
tax = bill * (tax_percent / 100)
return bill + tip + tax

amount = float(input("Enter bill amount: "))

total_amount = calculate_total(amount, tip_percent=15)
print(f"Total Amount to Pay: ₹{total_amount:.2f}")
```

🧠 This project demonstrates:

- Positional and default arguments

- Mathematical logic
- Function flexibility

*React with ❤️ once you’re ready for the quiz*

Python Coding Challenge:
https://whatsapp.com/channel/0029VaiM08SDuMRaGKd9Wv0L/1661

Today, Let’s move on to the next topic in the Python Coding Challenge:

🔹 *Day 10: Recursion Basics*

🤔 *What is Recursion?*
Recursion is when a function calls itself to solve smaller parts of a problem — ideal for tasks
that can be broken down into repetitive subproblems.

✅ *Basic Recursive Structure*

def function_name():
# base condition
if condition:
return something
else:
return function_name() # recursive call

Without a base condition, the function will keep calling itself forever — causing a
RecursionError.

💡 *Example 1: Factorial Using Recursion*

def factorial(n):
if n == 0 or n == 1: # base case
return 1
else:
return n * factorial(n - 1)

print(factorial(5)) # Output: 120

*Here’s how it works:*

factorial(5)
→ 5 * factorial(4)
→ 5 * 4 * factorial(3)
→ 5 * 4 * 3 * factorial(2)
→ ...
→ 5 * 4 * 3 * 2 * 1 = 120

💡 *Example 2: Fibonacci Series Using Recursion*

def fibonacci(n):
if n == 0:
return 0
elif n == 1:
return 1
else:
return fibonacci(n-1) + fibonacci(n-2)

for i in range(7):
print(fibonacci(i), end=' ') # Output: 0 1 1 2 3 5 8

🔨 *Mini Project:*
*Factorial & Fibonacci Calculator*

def factorial(n):
return 1 if n <= 1 else n * factorial(n - 1)

def fibonacci(n):
if n <= 1:
return n
else:
return fibonacci(n - 1) + fibonacci(n - 2)

num = int(input("Enter a number: "))

print("Factorial:", factorial(num))
print("Fibonacci:", fibonacci(num))

This covers:

- Recursive thinking
- Base vs. recursive case
- Classic math problems

*React with ❤️ once you’re ready for the quiz*

Python Coding Challenge:
https://whatsapp.com/channel/0029VaiM08SDuMRaGKd9Wv0L/1661

Today, Let’s move on to the next topic in the Python Coding Challenge: ⚡🐍
🔹 *Day 11: Lambda, map(), and filter()*
🧠 *What is a Lambda Function?*
A lambda function is an anonymous function written in one line using the lambda keyword.

✅ *Syntax:*
lambda arguments: expression

🔸 *Example:*
square = lambda x: x ** 2
print(square(5)) # Output: 25

> 🔹 Use lambdas when you need a simple function for a short time — usually as an argument
to map(), filter(), or sorted().

🧩 *map() — Apply a Function to All Items*

Takes a function and an iterable, and applies the function to every item in the iterable.

nums = [1, 2, 3, 4]
squares = list(map(lambda x: x ** 2, nums))
print(squares) # Output: [1, 4, 9, 16]

🧼 *filter() — Filter Items Based on a Condition*

Filters the iterable by applying a function that returns True/False.

nums = [1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6]
even = list(filter(lambda x: x % 2 == 0, nums))
print(even) # Output: [2, 4, 6]

🔨 *Mini Project: Filter & Transform List*

nums = list(range(1, 21))

# Step 1: Keep only even numbers

even_nums = list(filter(lambda x: x % 2 == 0, nums))

# Step 2: Square the even numbers

squared_evens = list(map(lambda x: x ** 2, even_nums))

print("Even numbers:", even_nums)

print("Squared evens:", squared_evens)

You just combined filtering and transformation using lambda, map, and filter!

*React with ❤️ once you’re ready for the quiz*

Python Coding Challenge:

⚡🐍
https://whatsapp.com/channel/0029VaiM08SDuMRaGKd9Wv0L/1661
Today, Let’s move on to the next topic in the Python Coding Challenge:

🔹 *Day 12: List Comprehensions in Python*

A list comprehension is a concise way to create lists by applying an expression to each item in
an iterable.

✅ *Basic Syntax* :
[expression for item in iterable if condition]

🔸 *Example 1: Square All Numbers*

nums = [1, 2, 3, 4]
squares = [x**2 for x in nums]
print(squares) # Output: [1, 4, 9, 16]

🔸 *Example 2: Filter Even Numbers*

nums = [1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6]
evens = [x for x in nums if x % 2 == 0]
print(evens) # Output: [2, 4, 6]

🔸 *Example 3: Convert Strings to Uppercase*

names = ["alice", "bob", "charlie"]
upper_names = [name.upper() for name in names]
print(upper_names) # Output: ['ALICE', 'BOB', 'CHARLIE']

🔁 *Equivalent Using Loops:*

squares = []
for x in nums:
squares.append(x**2)

List comprehensions are faster, cleaner, and more readable when used correctly.

🔨 *Mini Project: Filter Odd Numbers and Cube Them*

```
nums = list(range(1, 11))
odd_cubed = [x**3 for x in nums if x % 2 != 0]
print("Cubes of odd numbers from 1 to 10:", odd_cubed)
```

🧠 *This shows:*
- Filtering (odds only)

- Transformation (cubing)

- Compact, readable logic

*React with ❤️ once you’re ready for the quiz*

Python Coding Challenge:
https://whatsapp.com/channel/0029VaiM08SDuMRaGKd9Wv0L/1661
 ⚡🐍
Today, Let’s move on to the next topic in the Python Coding Challenge:

🔹 *Day 13: Error Handling in Python*

When something unexpected happens — like dividing by zero or reading a missing file —
Python raises an exception.
If not handled, your program crashes.

✅ *The try...except Block*

try:
# risky code
except SomeError:
# handle error

🔸 *Example* :
try:
x = int(input("Enter a number: "))
print(10 / x)
except ZeroDivisionError:
print("You can't divide by zero!")
except ValueError:
print("Please enter a valid number.")

🔹 *else and finally*

else: runs if no exception was raised

finally: runs no matter what (cleanup code)

try:
num = int(input("Enter number: "))
except ValueError:
print("Not a number!")
else:
print("Square is", num ** 2)
finally:
print("Done.")
*Common Exceptions:*

- ZeroDivisionError – dividing by zero

- ValueError – invalid value (e.g., int("abc"))

- TypeError – wrong data type

- FileNotFoundError – file doesn't exist

- IndexError – index out of range

🔨 *Mini Project: Safe Input Reader*

A safe input reader is a function or piece of code that asks the user for input — but doesn’t
crash if the user types something invalid.

*Python Code*:
```
def get_integer(prompt):
try:
return int(input(prompt))
except ValueError:
print("That's not a valid integer!")
return None

num = None
while num is None:
num = get_integer("Enter an integer: ")

print("You entered:", num)

```

🔑 *This project helps:*

- Prevent program crashes

- Give user-friendly error messages

- Build real-world safety into your code

*React with ❤️ once you’re ready for the quiz*
Python Coding Challenge:
https://whatsapp.com/channel/0029VaiM08SDuMRaGKd9Wv0L/1661

Today, Let’s move on to the next topic in the Python Coding Challenge: ⚡🐍
🔹 *Day 14: Mini Project – CLI To-Do List App*
📋 You’ll use everything you've learned so far: functions, input/output, lists, and error handling.
✅ *What You'll Build:*
A simple Command-Line To-Do List where users can:

- Add tasks

- View tasks

- Remove tasks

- Exit the app safely

🛠️ *Python Code:*
```
todo_list = []

def show_menu():
print("\nTo-Do List Options:")
print("1. View Tasks")
print("2. Add Task")
print("3. Remove Task")
print("4. Exit")

def view_tasks():
if not todo_list:
print("No tasks yet!")
else:
print("\nYour Tasks:")
for idx, task in enumerate(todo_list, start=1):
print(f"{idx}. {task}")
def add_task():
task = input("Enter the task: ")
todo_list.append(task)
print("Task added!")

def remove_task():
view_tasks()
try:
index = int(input("Enter task number to remove: ")) - 1
removed = todo_list.pop(index)
print(f"Removed: {removed}")
except (ValueError, IndexError):
print("Invalid task number.")

while True:
show_menu()
choice = input("Choose an option (1-4): ")

if choice == "1":
view_tasks()
elif choice == "2":
add_task()
elif choice == "3":
remove_task()
elif choice == "4":
print("Goodbye!")
break
else:
print("Invalid option. Please choose 1–4.")
```

💡 *What You Practiced:*

- Functions & modular design

- try-except blocks for safety

- List manipulation (append, pop)

- CLI-based input/output

*React with ❤️ if you're ready for the next topic*

Python Coding Challenge:

📁📝
https://whatsapp.com/channel/0029VaiM08SDuMRaGKd9Wv0L/1661
Today, Let’s move on to the next topic in the Python Coding Challenge:

🔹 *Day 15: Reading & Writing Files in Python*

🤔 *Why Learn File Handling* ?
It allows your Python programs to:

- Save user data

- Read logs or configuration files
- Process data stored in .txt, .csv, etc.

✅ *Opening a File*
file = open("example.txt", "r") # 'r' = read mode
content = file.read()
file.close()

⚠️ *Always close the file after opening — or use the safer with keyword* .

✅ *Using "with" (Best Practice)*

with open("example.txt", "r") as file:
content = file.read()
print(content)

Using "with", the file closes automatically after use.

✍️ *Writing to a File*
with open("data.txt", "w") as file:
file.write("Hello, Python!")

- 'w' mode overwrites the file

- 'a' mode appends to the file

🔄 *Reading Line by Line*

with open("data.txt", "r") as file:
for line in file:
print(line.strip())

🔨 *Mini Project: Notes Saver*

filename = "notes.txt"

note = input("Write your note: ")

with open(filename, "a") as file:

file.write(note + "\n")

print("Note saved to", filename)

*This tiny app lets the user:*

- Write notes
- Save them in a .txt file
- Append new notes instead of overwriting

*React with ❤️ if you're ready for the next quiz*

Python Coding Challenge:
https://whatsapp.com/channel/0029VaiM08SDuMRaGKd9Wv0L/1661

Today, Let’s move on to the next topic in the Python Coding Challenge: 📁📝
🔹 *Creating & Using Custom Modules*
🤔 *What is a Module?*
A module is just a `.py` file containing functions, variables, or classes you can reuse across
other files.

✅ *Why Use Modules?*

• Reuse code
• Keep things organized
• Avoid repetition
• Easier to debug and collaborate

📁 *Example: Create a Custom Module*

🗂️ `mymath.py`
```python
def add(a, b):
return a + b

def square(x):
return x ** 2
```

🗂️ `main.py`
```python
import mymath

print(mymath.add(2, 3)) # Output: 5

print(mymath.square(4)) # Output: 16
```

🧠 *Using `from` Keyword:*

```python
from mymath import add

print(add(10, 5))
```

📌 *Tip: Where to Store It?*

• Place the module `.py` in the same folder as your script
• Or add the folder path to `PYTHONPATH`

🔨 *Mini Project: Make a Utility Module*

🗂️ `utils.py`
```python
def is_even(n):
return n % 2 == 0

def greet(name):
return f"Hello, {name}!"
```

🗂️ `app.py`
```python
from utils import is_even, greet
print(greet("Deepak"))
print("Is 10 even?", is_even(10))
```

💡 *Make your code modular, readable & scalable!*

*React with ❤️ if you're ready for the next quiz*

Python Coding Challenge:

https://whatsapp.com/channel/0029VaiM08SDuMRaGKd9Wv0L/1661

Today, Let’s move on to the next topic in the Python Coding Challenge: 📝🧱
🔹 *Classes & Objects in Python*
Object-Oriented Programming helps you:

- Model real-world entities

- Group data + behavior together
- Write clean, scalable, and reusable code

✅ *What is a Class?*
A class is a blueprint for creating objects (instances).
It defines attributes (variables) and methods (functions).

```
class Person:
def __init__(self, name, age): # Constructor
self.name = name # Attribute
self.age = age

def greet(self): # Method

print(f"Hello, I'm {self.name} and I'm {self.age} years old.")```

✅ *What is an Object?*
An object is an instance of a class.

```p1 = Person("Alice", 25)

p1.greet()
# Output: Hello, I'm Alice and I'm 25 years old.```
🔍 *What is ___init___?*
It’s the constructor method in Python.
It runs automatically when you create a new object and is used to initialize attributes.

🔨 *Mini Project: Student Grade Tracker*

```
class Student:
def __init__(self, name):
self.name = name
self.grades = []

def add_grade(self, grade):

self.grades.append(grade)

def average(self):
if self.grades:
return sum(self.grades) / len(self.grades)
return 0

def report(self):
print(f"{self.name}'s Average Grade: {self.average():.2f}")

# Usage
s1 = Student("Deepak")
s1.add_grade(85)
s1.add_grade(92)
s1.add_grade(78)
s1.report()```

*Output:*

Deepak's Average Grade: 85.00

🔑 *OOP Concepts Practiced* :

- Class and object creation
- Initializing attributes with __init__
- Using methods to manipulate internal data
*React with ❤️ if you're ready for the next quiz*
Python Coding Challenge:
https://whatsapp.com/channel/0029VaiM08SDuMRaGKd9Wv0L/1661

Today, Let’s move on to the next topic in the Python Coding Challenge: 🧬✨
🔹 *Inheritance & Polymorphism*
🤔 *What is Inheritance?*
Inheritance lets you create a new class (child) that reuses code from an existing class (parent).

This means:

- Less repetition
- Better code organization
- Easy extensions to functionality

✅ *Basic Inheritance Example*

```class Animal:
def __init__(self, name):
self.name = name

def speak(self):
print(f"{self.name} makes a sound.")

class Dog(Animal): # Dog inherits from Animal

def speak(self):
print(f"{self.name} says Woof!")

class Cat(Animal):
def speak(self):
print(f"{self.name} says Meow!")```

🐶 *Using the Subclasses*

```d = Dog("Bruno")
c = Cat("Luna")
d.speak() # Bruno says Woof!
c.speak() # Luna says Meow!```

🔄 *What is Polymorphism?*
Polymorphism means different objects can use the same method name, but behave differently.

In the example above, Dog and Cat both have a speak() method, but each produces a different
output.

🔨 *Mini Project: RPG Character System*

Let’s model a simple RPG system with inheritance and polymorphism:

```class Character:
def __init__(self, name, level):
self.name = name
self.level = level

def attack(self):
print(f"{self.name} attacks with a basic strike.")

class Warrior(Character):
def attack(self):
print(f"{self.name} swings a sword with strength level {self.level}!")

class Mage(Character):
def attack(self):
print(f"{self.name} casts a fireball with power level {self.level}!")

# Usage
c1 = Warrior("Thor", 5)
c2 = Mage("Merlin", 7)

c1.attack() # Thor swings a sword with strength level 5!

c2.attack() # Merlin casts a fireball with power level 7!```

🔑 *Concepts Practiced:*
- Inheriting properties from a parent class
- Overriding methods for customized behavior
- Using the same method name for different outcomes (polymorphism)

*React with ❤️ if you're ready for the next quiz*

Python Coding Challenge:
https://whatsapp.com/channel/0029VaiM08SDuMRaGKd9Wv0L/1661

Today, Let’s move on to the next topic in the Python Coding Challenge:

👨‍💻 *Dunder (Magic) Methods in Python*

Let’s dive into the world of Python’s dunder methods — the ones surrounded by double
underscores (`_like_this_`)!

🔍 *What are Dunder Methods?*

Dunder (Double UNDERscore) methods are special methods in Python that let you define how
objects behave with built-in functions and operators.

✨ *Examples:*
- `_init_()` → Object initialization
- `_str_()` → String representation
- `_len_()` → Length using `len()`
- `_add_()` → `+` operator behavior
- `_eq_()` → `==` comparison

🧠 *Why Use Them?*

They make your class behave like built-in types (e.g., str, list, etc.)

✅ *Example:*
```
class Book:
def _init_(self, title, pages):
self.title = title
self.pages = pages

def _str_(self):
return f"{self.title} has {self.pages} pages"

def _len_(self):
return self.pages

book1 = Book("Python Basics", 300)

print(book1) # Python Basics has 300 pages
print(len(book1)) # 300
```

Without `_str_`, print(book1) shows something like `<_main_.Book object at 0x...>`

Without `_len_`, `len(book1)` raises an error.

🔧 *Popular Dunder Methods & Their Purpose:*

• `_init_` → Constructor
• `_str_` → Readable string output
• `_repr_` → Debug representation
• `_len_` → Length with `len()`
• `_eq_` → Equality `==` check
• `_add_` → Add with `+`
• `_getitem_` → Indexing `obj[index]`

*React with ❤️ if you're ready for the next topic*

Python Coding Challenge:
https://whatsapp.com/channel/0029VaiM08SDuMRaGKd9Wv0L/1661

Today, Let’s move on to the next topic in the Python Coding Challenge: 🏦💳
🔹 *OOP Mini Project — Bank Account System*
This project ties together everything you've learned in OOP so far:

- Classes & Objects

- Attributes and Methods
- Constructors (__init__)
- Custom behaviors

✅ *Project: Simple Bank Account*

We’ll create a class that mimics a real-world bank account where you can:

- Deposit money
- Withdraw money
- Check your balance

🧱 *Step-by-step Code:*
```
class BankAccount:
def __init__(self, owner, balance=0):
self.owner = owner
self.balance = balance

def deposit(self, amount):

if amount > 0:
 self.balance += amount
print(f"Deposited ₹{amount}. New balance: ₹{self.balance}")
else:
print("Deposit amount must be positive.")

def withdraw(self, amount):

if 0 < amount <= self.balance:
self.balance -= amount
print(f"Withdrew ₹{amount}. New balance: ₹{self.balance}")
else:
print("Insufficient funds or invalid amount.")

def check_balance(self):
print(f"{self.owner}, your balance is ₹{self.balance}")```

🔁 *Using the Class*

account1 = BankAccount("Deepak", 1000)

account1.deposit(500) # Deposited ₹500. New balance: ₹1500

account1.withdraw(200) # Withdrew ₹200. New balance: ₹1300
account1.check_balance() # Deepak, your balance is ₹1300

🔎 *What Did You Learn?*

- How to manage state using attributes
- How to define custom methods
- Basic validation logic inside class methods
- Using default arguments (balance=0)
- Real-world OOP design principles

*React with ❤️ if you're ready for the next topic*

Python Coding Challenge:
https://whatsapp.com/channel/0029VaiM08SDuMRaGKd9Wv0L/1661

Today, Let’s move on to the next topic in the Python Coding Challenge: 🎯📚
🔹 *OOP Review + Quiz App Project*
We'll build a console-based quiz app using:

- Classes & Objects

- Attributes & Methods
- Input handling
- Simple logic to track scores

✅ *Step 1: Create a Question Class*

```class Question:
def __init__(self, prompt, answer):
self.prompt = prompt
self.answer = answer```

Each object of this class will represent one quiz question.

✅ *Step 2: Define the Questions*

```questions = [
Question("What is the capital of India?\n(a) Delhi\n(b) Mumbai\n(c) Kolkata\n", "a"),
Question("Which language is known as the language of the web?\n(a) Python\n(b)
JavaScript\n(c) C++\n", "b"),
Question("What does OOP stand for?\n(a) Object Oriented Programming\n(b) Original Open
Platform\n(c) Other Output Package\n", "a")
]```

✅ *Step 3: Create the Quiz Logic*

```def run_quiz(questions):
score = 0
for q in questions:
answer = input(q.prompt)
if answer.lower() == q.answer:
score += 1
print(f"You got {score}/{len(questions)} correct!")```

✅ *Step 4: Run the App*

```run_quiz(questions)```

🧠 *What You Practiced:*

- Creating custom classes
- Managing collections of objects
- User input handling
- Conditional logic
- Tracking and displaying scores

🔁 *Optional Enhancements (Try these later):*

- Shuffle the questions
- Add difficulty levels
- Track high scores
- Timer for each question
- Save results to a file

*React with ❤️ if you're ready for the next topic*

Python Coding Challenge:
https://whatsapp.com/channel/0029VaiM08SDuMRaGKd9Wv0L/1661

Today, Let’s move on to the next topic in the Python Coding Challenge:

🚀 *Working with JSON & APIs in Python* 🌍📡

🔹 *What is JSON?*
JSON (JavaScript Object Notation) is a lightweight data format used for storing and exchanging
data between systems (especially in web APIs).

It looks like this:

{
"name": "Alice",
"age": 30,
"skills": ["Python", "SQL"]
}

Python treats JSON data like dictionaries and lists.

✅ *How to Handle JSON in Python*

```import json
# Convert Python dict to JSON string
person = {"name": "Alice", "age": 30}
json_string = json.dumps(person)
print(json_string)

# Convert JSON string to Python dict

data = '{"name": "Bob", "age": 25}'
person_dict = json.loads(data)
print(person_dict["name"]) # Output: Bob```

🔹 *What is an API?*
An API (Application Programming Interface) allows different systems to talk to each other.
You send a request → you get a response (usually in JSON).

✅ *Making a Simple API Call (using mock data)*

```import requests

response = requests.get("https://jsonplaceholder.typicode.com/users/1")
data = response.json()

print(f"Name: {data['name']}")
print(f"Email: {data['email']}")```

This fetches data from a public fake API and prints the name and email of a user.

🔨 *Mini Project: Mock Weather App*

```import requests

def get_weather():
city = input("Enter your city: ")
print(f"Fetching weather for {city}...")

# Mock response structure

weather_data = {
"Delhi": {"temp": "32°C", "condition": "Sunny"},
"Mumbai": {"temp": "28°C", "condition": "Rainy"},
}

if city in weather_data:
info = weather_data[city]
 print(f"Temperature: {info['temp']}, Condition: {info['condition']}")
else:
print("Sorry, no data available.")

get_weather()```

🔑 *What You Practiced* :

- JSON serialization/deserialization
- Making HTTP requests using requests
- Accessing and using API response data
- Mocking real-world scenarios

*React with ❤️ if you're ready for the next topic*

Python Coding Challenge:
https://whatsapp.com/channel/0029VaiM08SDuMRaGKd9Wv0L/1661

Now, Let’s move on to the next topic in the Python Coding Challenge:

*Web Scraping (Mocked) in Python* 🕸️🧠

🔹 *What is Web Scraping?*
Web scraping means writing code to fetch and extract data from web pages.

We usually use:

- requests → to download the HTML

- BeautifulSoup → to parse and extract data from HTML

✅ *Step-by-Step Mock Scraping Example*

🔸 Imagine this is our webpage (stored as a string):
html = """
<html>
<body>
<h1>Top Programming Languages</h1>
<ul>
<li>Python</li>
<li>JavaScript</li>
 <li>Java</li>
</ul>
</body>
</html>
"""

🔸 *Parse It Using BeautifulSoup*

```
from bs4 import BeautifulSoup

soup = BeautifulSoup(html, "html.parser")

# Extracting the heading

heading = soup.find("h1").text
print("Heading:", heading)

# Extracting the list items

languages = soup.find_all("li")
for lang in languages:
print("Language:", lang.text)```

✅ *Output* :
Heading: Top Programming Languages
Language: Python
Language: JavaScript
Language: Java

🔎 *Why Use Web Scraping?*

- Collect product prices from e-commerce sites
- Grab job listings from job boards
- Gather headlines or articles from news sites
- Monitor stock prices or crypto values
(Always follow website terms of service before scraping real websites)

🔨 *Mini Task: Extract Blog Titles*

Here’s another HTML string you can experiment with:

html = """
<div>
 <h2>Python for Beginners</h2>
<h2>Data Analysis with Pandas</h2>
<h2>Machine Learning Crash Course</h2>
</div>
"""

soup = BeautifulSoup(html, "html.parser")

titles = soup.find_all("h2")

for t in titles:
print("Blog Title:", t.text)

🔑 *What You Practiced:*

- Parsing HTML with BeautifulSoup
- Using find() and find_all()
- Navigating a page's structure
- Extracting content programmatically

*React with ❤️ if you're ready for the next topic*

Python Coding Challenge:
https://whatsapp.com/channel/0029VaiM08SDuMRaGKd9Wv0L/1661

Now, Let’s move on to the next topic in the Python Coding Challenge:

*Regular Expressions (RegEx) in Python*

🔍📜
Today you’ll learn how to search, match, and extract patterns in text using Python’s re module
— a powerful tool for working with strings!

🔹 *What is a Regular Expression?*

A regular expression (RegEx) is a sequence of characters that forms a search pattern. It’s
commonly used for:

- Email and phone number validation

- Searching for patterns in text
- Data cleaning and extraction

✅ *Python’s re Module – Basics*

import re
🔸 *1. re.search() –* Looks for a match anywhere in the string
text = "My email is hello@example.com"
match = re.search(r"\w+@\w+\.\w+", text)

if match:
print("Found:", match.group())

✅ Output: Found: hello@example.com

🔸 *2. re.findall() –* Returns all matches as a list
text = "Emails: one@mail.com and two@site.org"
emails = re.findall(r"\w+@\w+\.\w+", text)
print(emails)

✅ Output: ['one@mail.com', 'two@site.org']

🔸 *3. re.sub() – Replaces all matches*
text = "Hello 123, this is test 456"
cleaned = re.sub(r"\d+", "*", text)
print(cleaned)

✅ Output: Hello *, this is test *

🔹 *Common Patterns*
- Pattern​ Description

\d​ Any digit (0-9)

\w​ Any alphanumeric character
\s​ Any whitespace (space/tab)
.​ Any character (except newline)
+​ One or more repetitions
*​ Zero or more repetitions
^​ Start of string
$​ End of string

🔨 *Mini Task: Extract Phone Numbers*

text = "Call me at 9876543210 or 9123456789"
numbers = re.findall(r"\d{10}", text)
print("Phone numbers found:", numbers)

✅ Output: ['9876543210', '9123456789']

🔑 *What You Practiced* :
- Writing and using regular expressions
- Using re.search(), re.findall(), and re.sub()
- Cleaning and extracting patterns from text
- Real-world data handling

*React with ❤️ if you're ready for the next topic*

Python Coding Challenge:
https://whatsapp.com/channel/0029VaiM08SDuMRaGKd9Wv0L/1661

Now, Let’s move on to the next topic in the Python Coding Challenge:

📅 Tkinter GUI (Intro)* 🎨🖱️

*

Let’s bring Python to life with desktop apps using *Tkinter* — Python’s built-in GUI library!

🔸 *What is Tkinter?*
🖲️ *Buttons*
It’s used to create GUI apps with:

🏷️ *Labels*
📝 *Text Boxes*
🪟 *Windows*
🛠️ *Basic Tkinter Code:*
```
import tkinter as tk

root = tk.Tk()
root.title("My First GUI")
root.geometry("300x200")

label = tk.Label(root, text="Hello, Tkinter!")

label.pack()

root.mainloop()
```

🔍 *What’s Happening?*
- `tk.Tk()` → Creates the main window
- `Label()` → Widget to display text
- `pack()` → Places the widget
- `mainloop()` → Keeps the window open

🔹 *Popular Widgets:*
📌 *Label* – Display text
📌 *Button* – Trigger actions
📌 *Entry* – Text input (1 line)
📌 *Text* – Multi-line input
📌 *Frame* – Group widgets
🧠 *Use Cases:*
✅ Calculators
✅ Data entry forms
✅ Small desktop tools
✅ Educational apps
🎯 Tkinter is *perfect for quick tools & UIs*. No need for big frameworks when a simple GUI
does the job.

*React with ❤️ if you're ready for the next topic*

Python Coding Challenge:
https://whatsapp.com/channel/0029VaiM08SDuMRaGKd9Wv0L/1661

Now, Let’s move on to the next topic in the Python Coding Challenge:

*📅 Tkinter Widgets & Events* 💡🖱️

Time to make your Python GUI *interactive*!

🔹 *Create Buttons & Entry Fields:*

```
import tkinter as tk

def greet():
user_input = entry.get()
label.config(text=f"Hello, {user_input}!")

root = tk.Tk()
root.title("Greet App")
root.geometry("300x150")

entry = tk.Entry(root)
entry.pack(pady=5)

button = tk.Button(root, text="Greet Me", command=greet)

button.pack(pady=5)

label = tk.Label(root, text="Your greeting will appear here.")

label.pack(pady=10)

root.mainloop()
```

🧠 *Key Concepts:*
✅ `Entry()` – Text input
✅ `Button()` – Click to trigger function
✅ `command=greet` – Calls greet function
✅ `.get()` – Get input from user
✅ `.config()` – Change widget properties
🔸 *Common Widgets Overview:*
• `Label` → `.config()` (change text)
• `Entry` → `.get()` (get user input)
• `Button` → `command=` (handle click)
• `Checkbutton` → `.get()` (true/false)
• `Radiobutton` → `.get()` (selected option)

🔔 *Event-Driven Programming:*
✔️ Button click
Your app *waits* for user actions like:

✔️ Typing
✔️ Mouse movement
💡 *What can you build?*
🧮 Calculator
🔐 Login form
📝 To-do list
*React with ❤️ if you're ready for the next topic*

Python Coding Challenge:

https://whatsapp.com/channel/0029VaiM08SDuMRaGKd9Wv0L/1661
Now, Let’s move on to the next topic in the Python Coding Challenge:

✅ *CLI Tools: Build a Command-Line Calculator using argparse*

🔍 *What You'll Learn:*
- How to use argparse to handle command-line arguments
- Writing modular and scalable command-line tools
- Basic CLI interaction: add, subtract, multiply, divide

🧠 *Python Code: Basic CLI Calculator*

```
import argparse

def main():
parser = argparse.ArgumentParser(description="A simple CLI calculator")

parser.add_argument("num1", type=float, help="First number")

parser.add_argument("num2", type=float, help="Second number")
parser.add_argument("operation", choices=["add", "sub", "mul", "div"], help="Operation to
perform")

args = parser.parse_args()

if args.operation == "add":
result = args.num1 + args.num2
elif args.operation == "sub":
result = args.num1 - args.num2
elif args.operation == "mul":
result = args.num1 * args.num2
elif args.operation == "div":
if args.num2 == 0:
result = "Error: Cannot divide by zero!"
else:
result = args.num1 / args.num2

print("Result:", result)

if __name__ == "__main__":
main()
```
🧪 *How to Run It from Command Line:*
```python cli_calculator.py 10 5 add
# Output: Result: 15.0```

*React with ❤️ if you're ready for the next topic*

Python Coding Challenge:
https://whatsapp.com/channel/0029VaiM08SDuMRaGKd9Wv0L/1661
Now, Let’s move on to the next topic in the Python Coding Challenge:

*Python Automation — File Organizer Script*

Let’s automate a real-world task today: organizing files in a folder based on their file types. This
is one of the coolest and most practical Python use-cases.

🧠 *Concepts You’ll Learn*

- os and shutil modules
- Automating file movement
- Using file extensions to categorize files

💻 *Project: File Organizer Script*

This script will:

1. Look at all the files in a folder.

2. Check their file extensions (like .jpg, .pdf, .mp3, etc.).
3. Move them to folders named “Images”, “PDFs”, “Music”, etc.

✅ *Sample Code:*
```import os
import shutil

# Define the folder to organize

folder_path = "your-folder-path-here" # e.g. r"C:\Users\YourName\Downloads"

# File types and their categories

file_types = {
"Images": [".jpg", ".jpeg", ".png", ".gif"],
"Documents": [".pdf", ".docx", ".txt", ".xlsx"],
"Videos": [".mp4", ".mkv", ".mov"],
 "Music": [".mp3", ".wav"],
"Archives": [".zip", ".rar", ".tar"]
}

def organize_files():
for file in os.listdir(folder_path):
filename, ext = os.path.splitext(file)
ext = ext.lower()

for category, extensions in file_types.items():

if ext in extensions:
category_path = os.path.join(folder_path, category)
if not os.path.exists(category_path):
os.mkdir(category_path)
shutil.move(
os.path.join(folder_path, file),
os.path.join(category_path, file)
)
break # Stop checking other categories

print("✅ Files organized successfully!")

organize_files()```

🔍 *Try it Yourself*
- Add a few test files to a sample folder.
- Run the script and see them neatly sorted!
- You can add more categories based on your needs.

*React with ❤️ for more*

Python Coding Challenge:
https://whatsapp.com/channel/0029VaiM08SDuMRaGKd9Wv0L/1661

Now, Let’s move on to the next topic in the Python Coding Challenge:

🎉 *Final Python Project – Build a Weather App (using API + Tkinter)*

You've made it to the final day — let’s combine everything you’ve learned and build something
awesome from scratch.
Now, you’ll create a Weather App that shows the current weather of any city using an API and a
graphical interface with Tkinter.

🧠 *Concepts You’ll Use*

- Working with APIs (requests)
- Building GUI using Tkinter
- Error handling & clean UI design

🧪 *Prerequisite*
Sign up at https://openweathermap.org/api and get your free API key.

💻 *Project: Weather App (Tkinter + OpenWeatherMap API)*

```import requests
from tkinter import *

def get_weather():
city = city_entry.get()
api_key = "YOUR_API_KEY" # Replace this with your OpenWeatherMap API key
url =
f"https://api.openweathermap.org/data/2.5/weather?q={city}&appid={api_key}&units=metric"

try:
response = requests.get(url)
data = response.json()

if data["cod"] == 200:
temp = data["main"]["temp"]
desc = data["weather"][0]["description"]
result_label.config(text=f"{city.title()}:\n{temp}°C, {desc}")

😞
else:
result_label.config(text="City not found ")
except:
result_label.config(text="Network error. Try again.")

# GUI Setup
root = Tk()
root.title("Weather App")
root.geometry("300x200")
city_entry = Entry(root, width=30)
city_entry.pack(pady=10)
city_entry.insert(0, "Enter City Name")

get_button = Button(root, text="Get Weather", command=get_weather)

get_button.pack()

result_label = Label(root, text="", font=("Helvetica", 12), pady=10)

result_label.pack()

root.mainloop()```

🚀 *Bonus Ideas*
- Show temperature in Fahrenheit too
- Add weather icons
- Save search history
- Show country name and wind speed

🏁 Congratulations!
You’ve just completed a full 30-day Python learning journey:

- Mastered syntax, functions, OOP, error handling

- Built CLI tools, games, automations, and GUI apps
- Used APIs and explored real-life use cases

You're now ready for freelancing, internships, or personal projects.

*React with ❤️ for more Python Resources & Learning Series in the future*
Python Coding Challenge:
https://whatsapp.com/channel/0029VaiM08SDuMRaGKd9Wv0L/1661