Linear, Area and Cubic Expansivities
1. A metal cube with side length 5.0 cm at 20.0 °C is heated to 120.0 °C. The linear expansivity of the
metal is α = 2 × 10−5 K−1.
(a) Calculate the new side length of the cube at 120 °C.
(b) Compute the new surface area and new volume of the cube at 120 °C.
(c) Find the fractional increase in volume (ΔV/V) of the cube due to heating.
2. The cubic expansivity of a material is γ = 6 × 10−5 K−1. A block of this material has an initial volume of
1000 cm3 at 30.0 °C. The block is heated to 80.0 °C.
(a) Determine the linear expansivity α and area expansivity β of the material.
(b) Calculate the new volume of the block after heating to 80 °C.
(c) If the block is originally a cube, estimate the change in its side length.
Simple Harmonic Motion
3. A 0.20 kg mass attached to a horizontal spring oscillates with amplitude 0.10 m. The spring constant is
50 N/m (assume no friction).
(a) Calculate the time period of the oscillation.
(b) Find the maximum speed of the mass.
(c) Find the maximum acceleration of the mass during the motion.
4. A simple pendulum of length 0.80 m is set to oscillate in a location where g = 9.80 m/s2. Assume small
oscillations and neglect air resistance.
(a) Determine the period and frequency of the pendulum.
(b) If the same pendulum were on a planet where g = 15.6 m/s2, what would be its new period?
(c) If the amplitude of the oscillation is 0.050 m, calculate the maximum acceleration of the pendulum
bob on Earth.
Circular Motion
5. A stone of mass 0.50 kg is tied to a light string 0.80 m long and whirled in a horizontal circle at a
constant speed of 6.0 m/s (gravity is negligible).
(a) Calculate the centripetal acceleration of the stone.
(b) Determine the tension in the string required to maintain this circular motion.
(c) Find the time period of one revolution of the stone.
6. A wheel of radius 0.40 m rotates at 120 revolutions per minute (rpm). A small object of mass 0.10 kg
is attached to the rim.
(a) Calculate the linear (tangential) speed of the object.
(b) Determine the centripetal acceleration of the object.
(c) Calculate the centripetal force acting on the object.
Equations of Motion (Uniform Acceleration)
7. A car starts from rest and accelerates uniformly along a straight road. It covers a distance of 100 m in
5.0 s.
(a) Determine the acceleration of the car.
(b) Find the final velocity of the car after 5.0 s.
(c) How far will the car have traveled in total after 10.0 s from rest?
8. A motorbike is moving at 36 m/s when the rider applies the brakes and decelerates uniformly at
2.0 m/s2 until it comes to rest.
(a) Calculate the time it takes for the motorbike to stop.
(b) Determine the stopping distance (the distance covered during deceleration).
(c) What is the average velocity of the motorbike during the deceleration?
Motion Under Gravity
9. A stone is dropped from rest from the top of a cliff 80.0 m high (take g = 9.80 m/s 2).
(a) Calculate the time it takes for the stone to reach the ground.
(b) Determine the speed of the stone just before impact.
(c) How far below the top is the stone after 3.0 s?
10. A ball is thrown vertically upward from ground level with an initial speed of 20.0 m/s. (Take g =
9.80 m/s2, downward.)
(a) Calculate the maximum height reached by the ball.
(b) Find the time taken to reach that maximum height and the total time of flight before returning to
ground.
(c) Determine the ball’s velocity 2.0 s after it is thrown (give direction).
Scalars and Vectors
11. A person walks 3.0 km due east and then 4.0 km due north.
(a) Represent each displacement as a vector.
(b) Calculate the magnitude of the resultant displacement vector.
(c) Determine the direction of the resultant displacement relative to east (as an angle).
(d) What is the total distance traveled by the person, and how does it compare to the magnitude of
the displacement?
12. Two forces act on an object: one of 5.0 N due east and another of 12.0 N due north.
(a) Find the magnitude and direction of the resultant force (direction measured north of east).
(b) Two forces of equal magnitude 8.0 N act on a particle, with an angle of 120° between them.
Calculate the magnitude of the resultant force.
(c) For the case in (b), explain whether the resultant is greater than, equal to, or less than 8.0 N.
