This document is exclusively for UCC students

who are currently taking the subject

DIGITAL GRAPHICS
[CCS 110] - WORK BOOK

PREPARED BY:

KAMIL JADE A.CORPUZ, MIT

2024
LESSON 1 : INTRODUCTION TO
COMPUTER GRAPHICS

LEARNING OUTCOMES:
1.​ To acquire knowledge about Computer Graphics
2.​ To familiarize themselves in tools and its application
3.​ To apply learning in given activities

Graphics are defined as any sketch or a drawing or a special network that pictorially
represents some meaningful information.

Digital Graphics

●​ images created by computers and used in marketing campaigns

●​ created with various programs and can be saved in different formats
●​ an electronic image that combines text and pictures to improve a website’s
look and appeal to users

Purpose of Digital Graphics

Digital graphics are a great way to effectively get a message across, whether your
target audience is high-profile clients or everyday customers.

●​ To Educate

Digital graphics are quite popular in education because they help readers and
students better understand the topic through visualisation. You can use them
in PDF books, online courses and virtual classroom materials and setup.

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 Digital graphics aren’t limited to school-like environments. These handy
visuals can help your colleagues better understand your presentation and are
also useful as health and safety posters in the workplace.

●​ To Advertise

Still, digital graphics are, arguably, the most widely-used in the advertising
world, and now more than ever, in digital marketing. If you need something to
make your YouTube thumbnail or cover stand out, a good graphic designer
can help you get there. The same applies to billboards, posters, and even
warning signs.

For one, graphics grab attention, they elicit emotions, and entertain, all of
which helps users engage with your content and improve the images and
feelings associated with your brand.

That’s why newspapers frequently use flashy covers for their magazine
editions to attract more readers. It’s also the reason why many people like
comics.

●​ To Inform

Digital graphics that combine text and photos can inform and give directions.
Signs and placards can help people find their way around a building or a
complex, and remind them of the proper protocol they need to follow in
certain situations, such as a wildfire or an earthquake.

Brochures are another example of graphics that provide information. They can
have a powerful impact on readers, but only if they’re effectively designed.

●​ To Entertain

Last but not least, digital graphics are used to entertain and elicit a sense of
escape from day to day life. For instance, a gaming logo design is intended to

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 capture the attention of players and entice them to take a closer look at the
game. In a similar fashion, mobile game app designs strive to appeal to their
targeted audience by highlighting things that they know players are
interested in, thus encouraging them to continue playing.

Computer Graphics

●​ is used where a set of images needs to be manipulated or the creation of the

image in the form of pixels and is drawn on the computer.
●​ can be used in digital photography, film, entertainment, electronic gadgets,
and all other core technologies which are required.
●​ can be used in UI design, rendering, geometric objects, animation, and many
more
●​ essential to scientific visualization, a discipline that uses images and colours to
model complex phenomena such as air currents and electric fields, and to
computer-aided engineering and design, in which objects are drawn and
analyzed in computer programs.

Types of Computer Graphics

●​ Raster Graphics: In raster, graphics pixels are used for an image to be drawn.
It is also known as a bitmap image in which a sequence of images is into
smaller pixels. Basically, a bitmap indicates a large number of pixels together.

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 A bitmap is an image file format which is used to store the digital
images. The word bitmap means map of bits. They are used to create
realistic graphics and images. A BMP file contains uncompressed data,
making it ideal for storing and displaying high-quality digital images.

In digital imaging, a pixel(or picture element) is the smallest item of

information in an image. Pixels are arranged in a 2-dimensional grid,
represented using squares. Each pixel is a sample of an original image,
where more samples typically provide more-accurate representations of
the original.

●​ Vector Graphics: In vector graphics, mathematical formulae are used to draw

different types of shapes, lines, objects, and so on.

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Applications

Computer Graphics are used for an aided design for engineering and architectural
systems- These are used in electrical automobiles, electro-mechanical, mechanical,
electronic devices. For example gears and bolts.

●​ Computer Art – MS Paint.

●​ Presentation Graphics – It is used to summarize financial statistical scientific or
economic data. For example- Bar chart, Line chart.
●​ Entertainment- It is used in motion pictures, music videos, television gaming.
●​ Education and training- It is used to understand the operations of complex
systems. It is also used for specialized systems such as framing for captains,
pilots and so on.
●​ Visualization- To study trends and patterns.For example- Analyzing satellite
photo of earth.

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Interactive and Passive Graphics

(a) Non-Interactive or Passive Computer Graphics:

In non-interactive computer graphics, the picture is produced on the monitor,

and the user does not have any control over the image, i.e., the user cannot
make any change in the rendered image. One example of its Titles shown on
T.V.

Non-interactive Graphics involves only one-way communication between the

computer and the user, User can see the produced image, and he cannot
make any change in the image.

(b) Interactive Computer Graphics:

In interactive Computer Graphics users have some controls over the picture,
i.e., the user can make any change in the produced image. One example of it is
the ping-pong game.

Interactive Computer Graphics require two-way communication between the

computer and the user. A User can see the image and make any change by
sending his command with an input device.

Advantages:

●​ Higher Quality
●​ More precise results or products
●​ Greater Productivity
●​ Lower analysis and design cost
●​ Significantly enhances our ability to understand data and to perceive
trends.

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Working of Interactive Computer Graphics:

●​ The modern graphics display is very simple in construction. It consists of three

components:
●​ Frame Buffer or Digital Memory
●​ A Monitor likes a home T.V. set without the tuning and receiving electronics.
●​ Display Controller or Video Controller: It passes the contents of the frame
buffer to the monitor.

​ ​

Frame Buffer: A digital frame buffer is a large, contiguous piece of computer

memory used to hold or map the image displayed on the screen.

●​ At a minimum, there is 1 memory bit for each pixel in the raster. This amount
of memory is called a bit plane.
●​ A 1024 x 1024 element requires 220 (210=1024;220=1024 x 1024)sq.raster or
1,048,576 memory bits in a single bit plane.
●​ The picture is built up in the frame buffer one bit at a time.

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 ●​ A memory bit has only two states (binary 0 or 1), a single bit plane yields a
black and white (monochrome display).
●​ As frame buffer is a digital device, write raster CRT is an analog device.

Properties of Video Monitor:

●​ Persistence: Persistence is the duration of phosphorescence. Different kinds of

phosphors are available for use in CRT. Besides color, a major difference
between phosphors in their persistence is how they continue to emit light
after the electron beam is removed.
●​ Resolution: Use to describe the number of pixels that are used on a display
image.
●​ Aspect Ratio: It is the ratio of width to its height. Its measure is unit in length
or number of pixels.

PPI VS DPI

Pixels Per Inch

●​ Pixels per inch (PPI) is the measure of resolution in a digital image or video
display.
●​ Pixels per inch (PPI) is typically used to refer to the display resolution, or pixel
density, of a computer monitor or screen.
●​ The greater the pixels per inch (PPI), the greater the detail in the image or
display.
●​ In the early 2000s, the most common computer display resolution was 1024 x
768; by 2019, 1920 x 1080 was common.

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 ●​ A monitor or screen with a high number of PPI will show a greater level of
detail. Similarly, a digital image containing a large number of pixels will hold
more detailed visual information and, therefore, it will be able to be
reproduced in larger formats without pixelation (a form of image distortion in
which individual pixels become visible to the naked eye).
●​ A pixel is a single point of data in a digital image or in a monitor, and the PPI
measurement indicates the number of pixels contained within the image or
screen. Pixels per inch is expressed by indicating the number of pixels
available horizontally by the number available vertically. Thus, an image that is
200 pixels across and 200 pixels down will be expressed as a 200 x 200 PPI
image. Although there are exceptions, most devices rely on square pixels in
capturing and displaying images.

Dots Per Inch

●​ refers to an output resolution

●​ For many years, for instance, early web pages recommended saving images at
no greater resolution than 72 DPI for websites, as this measurement typically
displayed sufficient visual information on websites while minimizing site load
times. In the days of dial-up internet access, this practice was especially
common.
●​ For print, on the other hand, typical recommendations indicate that images
should be at least 300 DPI for high-resolution print quality. For designers,
artists, and others concerned with high print quality, however, output images
may require much larger resolutions than 300 DPI.

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TOPIC REFERENCES

https://www.geeksforgeeks.org/introduction-to-computer-graphics/

https://www.javatpoint.com/interactive-and-passive-graphics

https://www.investopedia.com/terms/p/ppi-pixels-inch.asp

https://www.britannica.com/technology/bitmap

https://www.britannica.com/topic/computer-graphics

https://thedigitalfury.com/what-is-digital-graphics/

https://dontdisappoint.me.uk/resources/technology/what-are-digital-graphics/

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LESSON 2 : GRAPHIC DESIGN
SOFTWARE

LEARNING OUTCOMES:
1.​ To acquire knowledge about Computer Graphics Software
2.​ To familiarize themselves in tools and its application
3.​ To apply learning in given activities

Adobe Photoshop

Adobe Photoshop is arguably the most popular graphic design software and is used
by millions of artists around the world. Whether you are looking to create banners,

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posters, websites, or logos, this best graphic design software can do it all for you.
From small edits to sophisticated designs, Adobe Photoshop has tools for every level.
If you are someone who works in graphic design with illustrative designs, you can
even draw or paint anything you like.

Along with image editing, you can create naturalistic artwork and composition in this
software. You can define the size of your canvas, isolate elements from backgrounds,
create custom brushes, work in 3D, do much more.

Platform: Windows and Mac

Sketch

Sketch is a Mac-only graphic design program that focuses mainly on digital design.
These digital designs are used to create websites, apps, and interfaces. Unlike
Photoshop, Sketch isn’t built for photo editing or print work. With Sketch, you can
create a prototype by collaborating with other designers on the platform itself. The
program has a smart layout feature in which the component will automatically resize
based on the content. There are hundreds of plugins in the software which will let
you do vector editing and other design work with precision down to the pixel. Digital
icons are another thing that can be created through this software. Sketch, on the
downside, is not great for print design or illustrations. Here is an article about best
photoshop alternatives which you can go through.

Platform: Mac

Adobe Illustrator

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Adobe Illustrator is a design software that is centered around vector design.
Illustrator is available as a subscription, part of the Adobe Creative Cloud. You can
create artwork, icons, posters, etc. and the designs created in Adobe Illustrator can be
used in business cards or billboards and from smartphones to 8k screens. You can
use this software to draw, mix, and refine designs to create something spectacular.
Adobe has made a mobile version called Adobe Illustrator Draw, which is one of the
best graphic design apps out there.

To draw, you can use the shaper tool and create vector shapes. Geometric shapes can
be added to other outlines and can be moved, reshaped, and scaled. Even the fonts
in the software can be manipulated according to your needs by adjusting their
weight, slant, or width. For beginners, Adobe provides professionally designed
templates to save time. The user interface of the program is helpful, but there is a
steep learning curve to get good at illustrator.
Platform: Windows and Mac

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Lunacy

Lunacy is a free graphic design software for UI, UX, and web design. It has everything
you are used to in other similar apps and goes beyond. With Lunacy, you will save
tons of time that you normally spend googling for graphics. Thousands of icons,
illustrations, and photos are available right inside the app. What’s more, Lunacy is
charged with handy AI-powered tools to automate routine tasks: background
remover, image upscaler, avatar and text generators.

Unlike Figma, Lunacy is not addicted to the internet, and most of its features work
offline. If you prefer online collaboration with fellow designers, it is also possible.

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Unlike Sketch, which runs only on macOS, Lunacy natively handles .sketch files on all
the basic platforms. The interface of the app comes in 21 languages.

Platform: Mac, Windows, and Linux

Mega Creator

Mega Creator is an online DIY graphic editor for building catchy graphics from
pre-made elements. It is among the best online graphic design programs for web
and mobile app designers, social media marketers, bloggers, copywriters, teachers
and students, everyone who needs pro-looking pictures in a short time. You can
compose illustrations by customizing thousands of flat and 3D illustrations. Or you

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can craft custom photos by mixing backgrounds and cut-out photos of people,
animals, objects, and even AI-generated faces.

You can also get creative by mixing illustrations and pictures for a beautiful collage. If
you need a little inspiration, start with basic templates and edit them beyond
recognition. And, of course, you can upload your graphics and mix them up with the
elements from the Mega Creator’s gallery. No special skills are required.

Platform: Web Browser

Affinity Designer

The Affinity Designer is a cheaper alternative to illustrator, which is especially suitable

for someone who is in the early stage of design career. The software is known to work
smoothly, which can improve your workflow and make you express your creativity
more freely. You can move and zoom your artwork at 60fps; see the gradients, effects,
and adjustments changing live along with the transforms and curve edits.

Affinity Designer lets you work on both vector and raster workspaces, and you can
switch between them easily. This software can work on any device, and you can
create unlimited artboards within it. Affinity designer provides a graphic design app
for the iPad with the same features offered on the desktop versions. Advanced color
controls are provided where you can work in RGB or LAB color spaces with up to
32-bits per channel. You can find a wide range of toolset in the program which can
be used to achieve a high level of accuracy and productivity. The grids and guides are
fully customizable, where you can change the spacing, sub-divisions, gutters, angles,
etc. Another powerful feature of Affinity designer is that you get floating-point
accuracy by zooming your artwork, even by more than a million per cent.

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Platform: Windows, iPad, and Mac

Adobe InDesign

Another software by Adobe that can be used to create designs is the Adobe
InDesign. This graphic design software is used primarily in the publishing industry
because you can design magazines, info sheets, books, posters, interactive PDFs,
brochures, etc. with it. With the ‘adjust layout’ option that InDesign provides, you can
change the text of your document, and the graphic will adjust accordingly.

The properties panel has been redesigned to give you more intuitive control over the
tools. The Sensei technology integrated into InDesign makes the automatic
arrangement and resizing of images. Beginners can quickly learn this graphic design

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software because it has a low learning curve. To work with other members of your
team in creating a design, you can use Adobe InCopy. The Creative Cloud Libraries
can help you share text, colors, and graphics with other members.

Platform: Windows and Mac

CorelDRAW Graphics Suite 2019

CorelDRAW was earlier built only for Windows OS; it is now available for Mac as well.
With this graphic design program, you can create professional vector illustrations.
There are powerful design tools to help you work faster and smarter. You will find
numerous customization options, whether you are working on logos, web design, or
print projects. CorelDRAW now uses AI technology to provide you with LiveSketch,
which converts sketching into precise vector curves. The suite contains tools for
graphic design as well as layout. It has Photo-Paint and Corel Font Manager for photo
editing and font management.

The software has web graphic tools and presets to develop creative web content; you
can publish directly into your Wordpress site through it. The file compatibility is also
overwhelming; the program supports over 100 file formats.

Platform: Windows and Mac

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Eagle

Eagle is a powerful digital asset management software to easily collect, search and
organize your design files in a logical manner, all in one place. Whether you are a
graphic designer or a concept artist, Eagle can help in collecting images and
organizing your digital assets including cases, inspirations, video clips, etc in a
streamlined way. Creating your design library is no longer time-consuming and
tedious, as Eagle solves this task with efficiency and style. Any file format can be
imported and organized with Eagle, so there is no need to manage your project files
in a separate organizer.

The easy-to-use platform allows you to create folders, tags, colors, and many other
features to manage, categorize and sort images. You can arrange digital assets in the

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fittest layouts so that you can easily locate the desired image whenever required.

Platform: Windows and Mac

Xara Designer Pro X

Xara Designer is built for both bitmaps and vectors. The program can handle desktop
publishing, graphic design, illustration, photo editing, all in one place. The graphic
design software provides you with hundreds of template layouts, design elements,
and over a million archive photos to get you started quickly. While drawing any
shape, lines, or curves using vectors, you would not face any loss in quality when you
scale it up. You can create custom design elements and use them in any of your
designs. Tools like gradients, outlines, and transparency in the software will give your

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artwork a special touch.
Platform: Windows

GIMP

GIMP is a free graphic design program that works on many platforms like Windows,
Linux, and Mac OS. GIMP is an open-source program that allows you to change its
source code and distribute the program. There are many customization programs
and 3rd party plugins that can be used in GIMP to improve your productivity and
create better designs. GIMP can also be used to retouch images, wherein you can
even make creative composites. Interface components and mockups can also be
designed, along with print designs such as icons and logos.
Platform: Windows, Linux, Mac

Gravit Designer

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This is another free graphic design software that can be used to create vector-based
designs. You can create logos, edit photos, and create animations and illustrations in
this program. Gravit does not have an offline version in the free plan. The software is
fully customizable according to the user’s needs. The pro version of Gravit is paid and
has more advanced features like advanced export options, offline version, more color
space, etc.

Platform: Windows, Mac, Linux, Chrome OS

Visme

Visme is an online design tool that goes above and beyond basic design capabilities,
without requiring you to learn any complex software. It has an easy drag-and-drop
editor, which lets both businesses and individuals create stunning and interactive
visual content. There are hundreds of templates to choose from across 40+
categories, from presentation and infographics to press releases, reports and social
media images. With a free Visme account, you can use some of these templates, but
you get full access to millions of stock photos, videos, icons, animated graphics, fonts
and graphs to customize these templates as much as you want. If you want to
access premium templates and features like the brand kit, you need to upgrade to a
paid account. There are multiple download formats available in Visme, from image to
offline web. You can also publish your projects online and share them with a live URL.
The unique thing about Visme is you can bring your content to life with advanced
animation and interactivity features. For example, you can create a custom animated
character, or add links, hover effects and pop-ups to your designs.

Platform: Web Browser

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Genially

Genially is an accessible all-in-one tool for creating interactive and animated designs.
You can choose from thousands of templates or you can start from scratch to create
posters, infographics, social media content, client pitches, interactive images, website
sliders, and more. Best of all, Genially puts no limit on the number of creations you
can make as a free user.

There are thousands of visuals to choose from within Genially’s interface from vectors
and image libraries (Unsplash, Giphy, and Pixabay are integrated within the editor) to
maps and charts. You can also make any element interactive and add animation
effects to it in seconds. Finally, Genially allows you to add buttons to your creations to
turn your designs into microsites, product catalogs, and other interactive spaces, and
it also gives you the option to insert media such as videos and social media posts

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within your creations.
Platform: Windows and Mac

Vectr

Free graphics software, Vectr can be used to create vector graphics. These vectors
created won’t lose their quality when scaled. Vectr doesn’t use pixels to create the
design; it uses mathematical equations. This free graphic design software is available
both online and for desktop. Vectr provides you with an easy to use platform which
you can use to create any 2D graphics. It can be business cards, logos, posters,
brochures, etc.

Vectr provides you with detailed guides on how to use the program, which you can
use to learn and create anything with your imagination.
Platform: Windows, Web Browser, Linux, Mac, and Chrome OS

Colorcinch

Colorcinch is a fan favorite! It’s a simple-to-use free online photo editor that is rich in
features. You can quickly and easily edit photos using the array of editing tools to
adjust exposure, contrast, color, etc, or crop and rotate images, but Colorcinch goes
much further than basic image editing. It can be used for creating all kinds of
graphic design projects too. You can use their specialty effects such as the
cartoonizer to turn any photo into a cartoon with a huge variety of cartoon styles, and
they have the most extensive libraries available on the internet for filters, effects,
overlays, masks, graphics, and icons.

All of this is wrapped up in one of the most polished and efficient UI’s of any online

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photo editor. Getting started on Colorcinch couldn’t be simpler - there’s no need to
register with the site, and you can simply upload your image and start editing. When
it comes to exporting your finished image, there’s a choice of export options to suit
you.

Platform: Web Browser

VistaCreate

VistaCreate is an online graphic design tool for those in need of original and
impressive visual content. It allows creating customizable social media, web, print,
and ad content for your personal and professional needs. With its intuitive online
editor, not only does it offer a massive library of trendy templates, but it also lets you
download content and create your own designs from scratch.

Everything you need to do is sign up for free, choose a template, and customize it the
way you want. Instruments are many: add texts and objects, remove image
backgrounds, change colors and fonts, resize images, upload illustrations, and much
more. VistaCreate offers about 10,000 animated objects to follow the latest trends in
design and helps you craft high-quality visuals. Most instruments are free here; for
the unlimited downloads and some extra features, you can upgrade to a Pro plan for
a token payment.

Platform: Web Browser

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Canva

If you have no previous experience in designing and you are looking for something
very easy, then Canva is for you. This free online graphic design software allows you to
create designs easily and quickly. There are a ton of templates, fonts images, many of
which are free to use. Canva works on the drag and drop concept, where you only
need to select the elements and drag it to your work area and customize it. This
program does not provide you with advanced features like Photoshop. It, however,
solves a beginner’s design need who doesn’t want to get into the process of learning
and purchasing premium software. Canva is available as a graphic design app that
can be used in Apple and Android devices. The basic features in Canva are free; you
will, however, be charged if you want to use more features in it.

Platform: Web Browser, Android, iOS

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PixTeller

PixTeller is an easy to use editor tool that can be used to create graphic images
(downloadable in PNG, JPG, PDF format) and animations (downloadable in MP4, GIF
format). Anyone can use it to make images, animated gifs & videos for personal or
business use, with no technical or design knowledge. Creating graphics is a time
demanding process, but with this design tool, anyone can make personalized visuals
from scratch or by customizing any pre-made templates in minutes.
Platform: Web Browser

Design Wizard

Design Wizard is an online graphic design software, the pricing of which starts at free
and increases along with the features. This graphic design software provides users
with more than a million curated images, 15000+ templates. Another interesting
feature of Design Wizard is its integration with Hubspot, Marketo, and Buffer.
Platform: Web Browser

Infinite Design

This graphic design app is built only for Android devices, which can be used to create
vector graphics. The app can be used to create complex and eye-catching designs
without much effort. As the name suggests, this app provides an infinite canvas
where you can zoom, pan, or rotate. There are four types of symmetry that you can
experiment with, and there are unlimited layers that you can work on. This app
provides advanced features also like translate, scale, flip, distort, etc. The image you
are creating on the graphic design app can be turned into a fully editable vector

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path. The advanced features in this app are accessible by purchasing it only.

Platform: Android

Inkscape

Inkscape, like many other platforms, provides multi-purpose use. It can be used by
designers, illustrators, or web designers. The software has flexible drawing tools,
which make it easy for beginners to understand the software and create art without
difficulty. As the text is an integral part of graphic design, Inkscape has a powerful
text tool at your disposal. This software is open source and can be used with any
platform. A designer has to spend some time understanding how to use this
software. This software is best used to create images that are vector-based and
needs to be required in SVG format. Inkscape provides a lot of filters and a helpful

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community for the designer to grow.
Platform: Windows, Linux, and Mac

Adobe Comp

Adobe Comp is a graphic design app designed to be used along with other Adobe
software like Photoshop, Illustrator, etc. Designs can be created with the use of text
and shapes. Adobe provides free fonts from Typekit library, which are the same as the
desktop. With Comp, you can convert your rough designs into crisp graphics and
finish the designs on your desktop with other Adobe software.

Platform: iOS and Android

DocHipo

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DocHipo is a graphic design software for marketers, content creators, busy
entrepreneurs, or anyone looking to create stunning graphics without spending
countless hours. You can use it to design posters, flyers, brochures, book covers,
cards, invitations, web banners, social media graphics, advertisements, and so much
more. The tool provides thousands of eye-catching templates for various industries
and occasions. The highlight of this graphic design software is its exclusive design
assets like illustrations, stickers, animations, icons, etc., covering a wide range of
themes. Apart from these, you can get creative with its text editing, built-in photo
editor, one-click photo background removal capability, etc. The intuitive interface and
drag-and-drop editor eases your workflow, leading to almost no learning curve.

You'll be able to resize a design into multiple other dimensions with just one click. It
will again save you a lot of time when you need to share the same creative on all your
social media channels. Because of their seamless integration, you can add YouTube
videos to your design, save your designs to MailChimp, or share them on social media
directly from the DocHipo editor. This tool allows you to collaborate on any design in
real-time with multiple team members. Moreover, DocHipo's multi-company
capability enables users to be a part of different companies under one login. Finally,
you can download your designs in multiple formats like PNG, PNG (transparent), JPG,
PDF, GIF, and MP4 without any watermark.

Platform: Web Browser

TOPIC REFERENCES

https://www.pixpa.com/blog/graphic-design-software

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LESSON 3 : INTRODUCTION TO
ADOBE PHOTOSHOP

LEARNING OUTCOMES:
1.​ To acquire knowledge about using adobe photoshop
2.​ To familiarize themselves in tools and its application
3.​ To apply learning in given activities

Photoshop's toolbar is located along the left of the screen:

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 The toolbar's hidden tools

Each tool in the toolbar is represented by an icon, and there are many more tools
available than what we see.

A small arrow in the bottom right corner of a tool icon means that there are more
tools hiding behind it in that same spot:

​
​ Move and Selection tools

​
​ Move Tool * ( V )
​ The Move Tool is used to move layers, selections and guides within a Photoshop
document. Enable "Auto-Select" to automatically select the layer or group you click
on.

CCS110 - DIGITAL / COMPUTER GRAPHICS | Page 34

​
​ Artboard Tool ( V )
​ The Artboard Tool allows you to easily design multiple web or UX (user experience)
layouts for different devices or screen sizes.

​
​ Rectangular Marquee Tool * ( M )
​ The Rectangular Marquee Tool draws rectangular selection outlines. Press and hold
Shift as you drag to draw a square selection.

​
​ Elliptical Marquee Tool ( M )
​ The Elliptical Marquee Tool draws elliptical selection outlines. Press and hold Shift to
draw a selection in a perfect circle.

​
​ Single Row Marquee Tool
​ The Single Row Marquee Tool in Photoshop selects a single row of pixels in the
image from left to right.

​
​ Single Column Marquee Tool
​ Use the Single Column Marquee Tool to select a single column of pixels from top to
bottom.

CCS110 - DIGITAL / COMPUTER GRAPHICS | Page 35

​
​ Lasso Tool * ( L )
​ With the Lasso Tool, you can draw a freeform selection outline around an object.

​
​ Polygonal Lasso Tool ( L )
​ Click around an object with the Polygonal Lasso Tool to surround it with a polygonal,
straight-edged selection outline.

​
​ Magnetic Lasso Tool ( L )
​ The Magnetic Lasso Tool snaps the selection outline to the edges of the object as
you move your mouse cursor around it.

​
​ Object Selection Tool * ( W )
​ The Object Selection Tool lets you select an object just by dragging a rough
selection outline around it.

​
​ Quick Selection Tool ( W )
​ The Quick Selection Tool lets you easily select an object simply by painting over it
with a brush. Enable "Auto-Enhance" in the Options Bar for better quality selections.

CCS110 - DIGITAL / COMPUTER GRAPHICS | Page 36

​
​ Magic Wand Tool ( W )
​ Photoshop's Magic Wand Tool selects areas of similar color with a single click. The
"Tolerance" value in the Options Bar sets the range of colors that will be selected.
​ Crop and Slice tools

​
​ Crop Tool * ( C )
​ Use the Crop Tool in Photoshop to crop an image and remove unwanted areas.
Uncheck "Delete Cropped Pixels" in the Options Bar to crop an image
non-destructively.

​
​ Perspective Crop Tool ( C )
​ Use the Perspective Crop Tool to both crop an image and fix common distortion or
perspective problems.

​
​ Slice Tool ( C )
​ The Slice Tool divides an image or layout into smaller sections (slices) which can be
exported and optimized separately.

​
​ Slice Select Tool ( C )

CCS110 - DIGITAL / COMPUTER GRAPHICS | Page 37

​ Use the Slice Select Tool to select individual slices created with the Slice Tool.

​
​ Frame Tool * ( K )
​ New as of Photoshop CC 2019, the Frame Tool lets you place images into rectangular
or elliptical shapes.
​ Measurement tools

​
​ Eyedropper Tool * ( I )
​ Photoshop's Eyedropper Tool samples colors in an image. Increase "Sample Size" in
the Options Bar for a better representation of the sampled area's color.

​
​ 3D Material Eyedropper Tool ( I )
​ Use the 3D Material Eyedropper Tool to sample material from a 3D model in
Photoshop.

​
​ Color Sampler Tool ( I )
​ The Color Sampler Tool displays color values for the selected (sampled) area in an
image. Up to four areas can be sampled at a time. View the color information in
Photoshop's Info panel.

CCS110 - DIGITAL / COMPUTER GRAPHICS | Page 38

​ Ruler Tool ( I )
​ The Ruler Tool measures distances, locations and angles. Great for positioning
images and elements exactly where you want them.

​
​ Note Tool ( I )
​ The Note Tool allows you to attach text-based notes to your Photoshop document,
either for yourself or for others working on the same project. Notes are saved as part
of the .PSD file.

​
​ Count Tool ( I )
​ Use the Count Tool to manually count the number of objects in an image, or to have
Photoshop automatically count multiple selected areas in the image.
​ Retouching and Painting tools

​
​ Spot Healing Brush Tool * ( J )
​ The Spot Healing Brush in Photoshop quickly removes blemishes and other minor
problem areas in an image. Use a brush size slightly larger than the blemish for best
results.

​
​ Healing Brush Tool ( J )

CCS110 - DIGITAL / COMPUTER GRAPHICS | Page 39

​ The Healing Brush lets you repair larger problem areas in an image by painting over
them. Hold Alt (Win) / Option (Mac) and click to sample good texture, then paint
over the problem area to repair it.

​
​ Patch Tool ( J )
​ With the Patch Tool, draw a freeform selection outline around a problem area. Then
repair it by dragging the selection outline over an area of good texture.

​
​ Content-Aware Move Tool ( J )
​ Use the Content-Aware Move Tool to select and move part of an image to a different
area. Photoshop automatically fills in the hole in the original spot using elements
from the surrounding areas.

​
​ Red Eye Tool ( J )
​ The Red Eye Tool removes common red eye problems in a photo resulting from
camera flash.

​
​ Brush Tool * ( B )
​ The Brush Tool is Photoshop's primary painting tool. Use it to paint brush strokes on
a layer or on a layer mask.

CCS110 - DIGITAL / COMPUTER GRAPHICS | Page 40

​ Pencil Tool ( B )
​ The Pencil Tool is another of Photoshop's painting tools. But while the Brush Tool
can paint soft-edge brush strokes, the Pencil Tool always paints with hard edges.

​
​ Color Replacement Tool ( B )
​ Use the Color Replacement Tool in Photoshop to easily replace the color of an object
with a different color.

​
​ Mixer Brush Tool ( B )
​ Unlike the standard Brush Tool, the Mixer Brush in Photoshop can simulate
elements of real painting such as mixing and combining colors, and paint wetness.

​
​ Clone Stamp Tool * ( S )
​ The Clone Stamp Tool is the most basic of Photoshop's retouching tools. It samples
pixels from one area of the image and paints them over pixels in another area.

​
​ Pattern Stamp Tool ( S )
​ Use the Pattern Stamp Tool to paint a pattern over the image.

​
​ History Brush Tool * ( Y )

CCS110 - DIGITAL / COMPUTER GRAPHICS | Page 41

​ The History Brush Tool paints a snapshot from an earlier step (history state) into the
current version of the image. Choose the previous state from the History panel.

​
​ Art History Brush Tool ( Y )
​ The Art History Brush also paints a snapshot from an earlier history state into the
image, but does so using stylized brush strokes.

​
​ Eraser Tool * ( E )
​ The Eraser Tool in Photoshop permanently erases pixels on a layer. It can also be
used to paint in a previous history state.

​
​ Background Eraser Tool ( E )
​ The Background Eraser Tool erases areas of similar color in an image by painting
over them.

​
​ Magic Eraser Tool ( E )
​ The Magic Eraser Tool is similar to the Magic Wand Tool in that it selects areas of
similar color with a single click. But the Magic Eraser Tool then permanently deletes
those areas.

​
​ Gradient Tool * ( G )

CCS110 - DIGITAL / COMPUTER GRAPHICS | Page 42

​ Photoshop's Gradient Tool draws gradual blends between multiple colors. The
Gradient Editor lets you create and customize your own gradients.

​
​ Paint Bucket Tool ( G )
​ The Paint Bucket Tool fills an area of similar color with your Foreground color or a
pattern. The "Tolerance" value determines the range of colors that will be affected
around the area where you clicked.

​
​ 3D Material Drop Tool ( G )
​ Used in 3D modeling, the 3D Material Drop Tool lets you sample a material from one
area and then drop it into another area of your model, mesh or 3D layer.

​
​ Blur Tool *
​ The Blur Tool blurs and softens areas you paint over with the tool.

​
​ Sharpen Tool
​ The Sharpen Tool sharpens areas you paint over.

​
​ Smudge Tool
​ The Smudge Tool in Photoshop smudges and smears the areas you paint over. It
can also be used to create a finger painting effect.

CCS110 - DIGITAL / COMPUTER GRAPHICS | Page 43

​
​ Dodge Tool * ( O )
​ Paint over areas in the image with the Dodge Tool to lighten them.

​
​ Burn Tool ( O )
​ The Burn Tool will darken the areas you paint over.

​
​ Sponge Tool ( O )
​ Paint over areas with the Sponge Tool to increase or decrease color saturation.
​ Drawing and Type tools

​
​ Pen Tool * ( P )
​ Photoshop's Pen Tool allows you to draw extremely precise paths, vector shapes or
selections.

​
​ Freeform Pen Tool ( P )
​ The Freeform Pen Tool allows you to draw freehand paths or shapes. Anchor points
are automatically added to the path as you draw.

CCS110 - DIGITAL / COMPUTER GRAPHICS | Page 44

​
​ Curvature Pen Tool ( P )
​ The Curvature Pen Tool is an easier, simplified version of the Pen Tool. New as of
Photoshop CC 2018.

​
​ Add Anchor Point Tool
​ Use the Add Anchor Point Tool to add additional anchor points along a path.

​
​ Delete Anchor Point Tool
​ Click on an existing anchor point along a path with the Delete Anchor Point Tool to
remove the point.

​
​ Convert Point Tool
​ On a path, click on a smooth anchor point with the Convert Point Tool to convert it
to a corner point. Click a corner point to convert it to a smooth point.

​
​ Horizontal Type Tool * ( T )
​ Known simply as the Type Tool in Photoshop, use the Horizontal Type Tool to add
standard type to your document.

CCS110 - DIGITAL / COMPUTER GRAPHICS | Page 45

​
​ Vertical Type Tool ( T )
​ The Vertical Type Tool adds type vertically from top to bottom.

​
​ Vertical Type Mask Tool ( T )
​ Rather than adding editable text to your document, the Vertical Type Mask Tool
creates a selection outline in the shape of vertical type.

​
​ Horizontal Type Mask Tool ( T )
​ Like the Vertical Mask Type Tool, the Horizontal Type Mask Tool creates a selection
outline in the shape of type. However, the type is added horizontally rather than
vertically.

​
​ Path Selection Tool * ( A )
​ Use the Path Selection Tool (the black arrow) in Photoshop to select and move an
entire path at once.

​
​ Direct Selection Tool ( A )
​ Use the Direct Selection Tool (the white arrow) to select and move an individual
path segment, anchor point or direction handle.

CCS110 - DIGITAL / COMPUTER GRAPHICS | Page 46

​
​ Rectangle Tool * ( U )
​ The Rectangle Tool draws rectangular vector shapes, paths or pixel shapes, with
sharp or rounded corners. Press and hold Shift as you drag to force the shape into a
perfect square.

​
​ Ellipse Tool ( U )
​ The Ellipse Tool draws elliptical vector shapes, paths or pixel shapes. Press and hold
Shift as you drag to draw a perfect circle.

​
​ Triangle Tool ( U )
​ The Triangle Tool draws triangle shapes. Hold Shift to draw an equilateral triangle, or
use the Radius option to round the corners.

​
​ Polygon Tool ( U )
​ The Polygon Tool draws polygonal shapes with any number of sides. Use the Star
Ratio option to turn polygons into stars.

​
​ Line Tool ( U )
​ The Line Tool draws straight lines or arrows. Use the Stroke color and weight to
control the appearance of the line.

CCS110 - DIGITAL / COMPUTER GRAPHICS | Page 47

​
​ Custom Shape Tool ( U )
​ Photoshop's Custom Shape Tool lets you select and draw custom shapes. Choose
from Photoshop's hundreds of built-in custom shapes or create your own.
​ Navigation tools

​
​ Hand Tool * ( H )
​ The Hand Tool lets us click and drag an image around on the screen to view
different areas when zoomed in.

​
​ Rotate View Tool ( R )
​ Use the Rotate View Tool in Photoshop to rotate the canvas so you can view and edit
the image from different angles.

​
​ Zoom Tool * ( Z )
​ Click on the image with the Zoom Tool to zoom in on a specific area. Press and hold
Alt (Win) / Option (Mac) and click with the Zoom Tool to zoom out.
​

TOPIC REFERENCES

https://www.photoshopessentials.com/basics/photoshop-tools-toolbar-overview/

CCS110 - DIGITAL / COMPUTER GRAPHICS | Page 48

ACTIVITY NO. 1
STUDENT NAME:

STUDENT NO: CAMPUS:

COURSE / YEAR / SCORE / PASSED:

SECTION: GRADE:
FAILED:

GRAPHICS DESIGN - Create a digital signature

TEST CASES RESULT REMARKS

1 Submitted the PSD file in google drive

2 Submitted the Screenshot of Photoshop app

including the reference image and digital
output

3 Submitted the PNG file of digital signature

with printed name in google drive

4 Able to convert printed to digital signature in

black stroke

5 Able to maximize the use of photoshop tools

6 Image should be in transparent background

7 Verify if signature has clean details same as the

original or reference

8 Verify if image is submitted on time

CCS110 - DIGITAL / COMPUTER GRAPHICS | Page 49

ACTIVITY NO. 2
STUDENT NAME:

STUDENT NO: CAMPUS:

COURSE / YEAR / SCORE / PASSED:

SECTION: GRADE:
FAILED:

GRAPHICS DESIGN - Create a digital personal logo

TEST CASES RESULT REMARKS

1 Submitted the PSD file in google drive

2 Submitted the Screenshot of Photoshop app

including the reference image and digital
output

3 Able to create digital logo with study of its

origin / references

4 Able to maximize the use of photoshop tools

5 Verify if design has clean details in each

required png images files

6 Verify a black logo with white background and

exported image is in png file

7 Verify a black logo with white background and

exported image is in jpeg/jpg file

8 Verify a white logo with black background and

exported image is in png file

9 Verify a white logo with black background and

exported image is in jpeg/jpg file

CCS110 - DIGITAL / COMPUTER GRAPHICS | Page 50

10 Verify a colored logo with gray background and
exported image is in png file

11 Verify a colored logo with gray background and

exported image is in jpeg/jpg file

12 Verify a colored logo with transparent

background and exported image is in png file

13 Verify a colored logo with transparent

background and exported image is in jpeg/jpg
file

14 Verify if image is submitted on time

CCS110 - DIGITAL / COMPUTER GRAPHICS | Page 51