[go: up one dir, main page]
Scribd
Upload
8 views4 pages

Data Science Module 1 Notes and QA

Module 1 covers core Python concepts essential for data science, including data structures, comprehensions, generators, classes, and functional programming. It also introduces scientific computing with NumPy and data manipulation with Pandas, along with data storage techniques using SQL and NoSQL. The module concludes with interview questions that reinforce understanding of these topics.

Uploaded by

komaljavaid139
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
8 views4 pages

Data Science Module 1 Notes and QA

Module 1 covers core Python concepts essential for data science, including data structures, comprehensions, generators, classes, and functional programming. It also introduces scientific computing with NumPy and data manipulation with Pandas, along with data storage techniques using SQL and NoSQL. The module concludes with interview questions that reinforce understanding of these topics.

Uploaded by

komaljavaid139
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
You are on page 1/ 4

Module 1: Core Python for Data Science (Weeks 1-2)

1.1 Python Fundamentals for Data Analysis

Essential Data Structures:

- Lists: Mutable, ordered sequences. Example: example = [1, 2, 3]

- Tuples: Immutable sequences. Example: example = (1, 2, 3)

- Dictionaries: Key-value pairs. Example: example = {'name': 'Komal', 'age': 24}

- Sets: Unordered collections of unique elements. Example: example = {1, 2, 3}

List/Dict Comprehensions:

squares = [x**2 for x in range(5)]

even_dict = {x: x%2 == 0 for x in range(5)}

Generators:

gen = (x**2 for x in range(1000000))

Classes and Objects:

class Person:

def __init__(self, name):

self.name = name

def __str__(self):

return f"Person({self.name})"

Functional Programming:

lambda: anonymous functions

map(), filter(), reduce() used in pipelines


from functools import reduce

result = reduce(lambda x, y: x+y, [1, 2, 3, 4])

Error Handling:

try:

risky_code()

except ValueError:

print("Handled ValueError")

finally:

print("Cleanup done")

Logging:

import logging

logging.basicConfig(level=logging.INFO)

logging.info("Logging an event")

1.2 Scientific Computing & Data Manipulation

NumPy:

import numpy as np

a = np.array([1, 2, 3])

a + 10 # [11 12 13]

Pandas:

import pandas as pd

df = pd.DataFrame({'A': [1, 2], 'B': [3, 4]})

df.groupby('A').sum()
Data Cleaning:

df.dropna(), df.fillna(0)

1.3 Data Storage & Retrieval

SQL:

SELECT name, salary FROM employees WHERE salary > 50000;

NoSQL (MongoDB):

"name": "Alice",

"skills": ["Python", "SQL"]

Interview Questions & Answers - Module 1

1. Difference between a list and a tuple?

Lists are mutable; tuples are immutable.

2. What is a generator?

A generator yields values one at a time, using less memory.

3. Explain map(), filter(), reduce().

Functional tools for transformation, filtering, and aggregation.

4. What are comprehensions?


Syntax to create lists or dictionaries using iteration logic.

5. Error handling in Python?

try-except-finally blocks. You can also raise custom exceptions.

6. Why use logging?

To track events and debug applications.

7. Why is NumPy faster?

Due to vectorization and low-level implementation in C.

8. Common Pandas cleaning methods?

dropna(), fillna(), astype()

9. SQL vs NoSQL?

SQL is structured; NoSQL is schema-free and good for unstructured data.

10. What are window functions?

SQL functions like RANK() or ROW_NUMBER() operating on row sets.

You might also like