Technology

Awareness and
Computer Concept LESSON:
1
COMPUTER IS LIKE?
WHY?
Hardware:
The Physical equipment of a computer
system, including the monitor, keyboard,
central processing unit, and storage devices
COMPONENTS
Software: OF A
Refers to one or more computer programs
and data held in the storage of a computer for
COMPUTER
some purpose
Data representation:
Conversion of images, letters, and sounds
into electrical signals
HARDWARE
Digital Electronics: CONCEPTS
Manipulations of “on” and “off” signals to
perform complex tasks
Signals:
Variations in physical phenomena

Analog:
HARDWARE
Any continuous signal CONCEPTS
Digital:
Representations of a sequence of distinct
value
The “0” and “1” are also known as bits or
binary digits

Digital Data
A sequence of “0” and “1” could be written as Representation
10011, this sequence may have significant
value, for instance, it may pertain to a certain
character or number
How can a computer represent numbers using
bits?
Numerical data like your age, salary, and electricity bill
are easily understood by humans. Then, how is it
possible for a computer to show a number using only
binary digits?
Digital Data
The computer system uses the binary number system Representation
which uses only two digits: 0 and 1

A series of 0’s and 1’s results in a particular number

much in the same way we use the decimal number
system.
This table shows how the binary system works

Digital Data
Representation
How then can a computer represent words
and letters?

Bits can also be used to represent character Digital Data

data synonymous to using Morse code Representation
In this case, computers make use of “0” and “1”
as replacements to dashes and dots
 Example: SPCC has a corresponding binary
value

SPCC 0101 0000 0100 0011

Digital Data
Representation
0101 0011 0100 0011
ASCII(American Standard Code For
Information Interchange)
Requires only seven bits for each character

EBCDIC(Extended Binary Coded Decimal Digital Data

Interchange Code)
An alternative 8-bit code used by older IBM Representation
mainframe computers

UNICODE
Uses 8, 16, or 32 bits providing codes for
65,000 characters (represent the alphabets) of
multiple languages) and become popular
Extended ASCII CODE
Makes use of a series of 0’s and 1’s to represent 256 characters

Digital Data
Representation
BIT
An abbreviation of binary digit.
Another abbreviation for bit is the
lowercase “b”. BITS and BYTES
BYTE
A collection of bits (8 to be exact).
Usually abbreviation is un uppercase
“B”
BITS and BYTES
How are bits stored and transferred from one
point to another?

Bits take the form electrical pulses traveling Digital

over the circuits Electronics
All circuits, chips, and mechanical components
forming a computer are designed to works
with bits.
Computer diagram

Digital Data
Electronics
Input devices: Are machines that generate input for
the computer, such as a keyboard and mouse

Processor or CPU (Central Processing Unit)

Is the central electronic chip that controls the process
in the computer system. Digital
Output devices: These are machines that display Electronics
information from the computer, such as monitors,
speakers, and printers.
Memory: This is the part of the computer that stores
applications, documents, and systems operating
information
Example of Peripheral devices
INPUT DEVICES - Send data to the computer

KEYBOARD MOUSE SCANNER

Example of Peripheral devices
OUTPUT DEVICES - Received data to the computer

MONITOR PRINTER SCANNER

Example of Peripheral devices
INPUT/OUTPUT - Send/Received data to the computer

WEBCAM FLASH HEADSET

DRIVE
 ASYNCHRONOUS GOOGLE-CLASSROOM
MIDTERM
PART I: Insert 2 input devices, and output devices with
a short definition inside of the table
ACTIVITY 1
HARDWARE
PART II: Create a computer diagram
CONCEPT
 Research is a
•FLOWCHART must!!
•ALGORITHM
•PSEUDO CODE
SILENT MOMENT
 What is software?

Computer instruction or data.

Anything that can be stored electronically. Software

Concepts
Computer programs and modules (support and data)
working together provide computers with instructions
and data for certain tasks (e.g. word processing,
internet browsing).
A computer program (or “program”)
An organized list of instructions that, when
executed, causes the computer to behave in a
predetermined manner.

Support module
Software
An auxiliary set of instructions used in conjunction
with the main software program.
Basics
Data module
Contains data (not supplied by the user) necessary
for the execution of certain tasks.
A computer program (or “program”)
An organized list of instructions that, when
executed, causes the computer to behave in a
predetermined manner.

Support module
Software
An auxiliary set of instructions used in conjunction
with the main software program.
Basics
Data module
Contains data (not supplied by the user) necessary
for the execution of certain tasks.
 Software
Basics
Data module
 Software
Basics
Support module
 Software
Basics
Program files
extensions
Application software
Computer programs are used to accomplish specific
or specialized tasks for computer users such as creating
and editing documents (word processing), making
Application
graphic presentations, or listening to MP3 music. Software
System software
VS
Helps the computer carry out its basic operating
functions
System
software
Application
Software
Example
 System
Software
Example
Software
Basics
 Software
Development
Life Cycle
 Software
Development
Life Cycle
 Software
Development
Life Cycle
 Software
Development
Life Cycle
 Software
Development
Life Cycle
 Software
Development
Life Cycle
 Software
Development
Life Cycle
 Software
Development
Life Cycle
 Software
Development
Life Cycle
 ASYNCHRONOUS GOOGLE-CLASSROOM
MIDTERM
PART I: Give at least 10 Application Software and 4
System software
ACTIVITY 2
SOFTWARE
PART II: Create an SD Life Cycle
CONCEPT
 Research is a
•FLOWCHART must!!
•ALGORITHM
•PSEUDO CODE