Arrays in C Programming
What is an Array?
An array in C is a collection of elements of the same data type, stored in contiguous memory
locations. Arrays allow storing multiple values under a single variable name, making it easier to
manage and manipulate data.
Syntax of an Array
data_type array_name[size];
data_type: The type of elements (e.g., int, float, char).
array_name: The name of the array.
size: Number of elements in the array.
Types of Arrays in C
1. One-Dimensional Array
A 1D array is a simple list of elements.
Declaration and Initialization
int arr[5] = {10, 20, 30, 40, 50}; // Declaring and initializing
Accessing Array Elements
printf("%d", arr[2]); // Outputs 30 (index starts from 0)
Compiled by: Er.Gaurab Mishra
k.m.c college, bagbazar
computer department ( HOD)
Example: Storing and Displaying an Array
#include <stdio.h>
int main() {
int arr[5] = {10, 20, 30, 40, 50};
printf("Array elements are: ");
for (int i = 0; i < 5; i++) {
printf("%d ", arr[i]);
}
return 0;
}
Array Operations
1. Input and Output of an Array
#include <stdio.h>
int main() {
int arr[5];
printf("Enter 5 numbers: ");
for (int i = 0; i < 5; i++) {
scanf("%d", &arr[i]);
}
printf("You entered: ");
for (int i = 0; i < 5; i++) {
printf("%d ", arr[i]);
}
return 0;
}
C Program: Sum of All Elements in an Array
#include <stdio.h>
int main() {
int arr[5], sum = 0;
Compiled by: Er.Gaurab Mishra
k.m.c college, bagbazar
computer department ( HOD)
// Taking user input
printf("Enter 5 numbers: ");
for (int i = 0; i < 5; i++) {
scanf("%d", &arr[i]); // Storing elements in the array
}
// Calculating sum
for (int i = 0; i < 5; i++) {
sum += arr[i]; // Adding each element to sum
}
// Displaying the sum
printf("Sum of all elements: %d", sum);
return 0;
}
C Program: Average of All Elements in an Array
#include <stdio.h>
int main() {
int arr[5], sum = 0;
float average;
// Taking user input
printf("Enter 5 numbers: ");
for (int i = 0; i < 5; i++) {
scanf("%d", &arr[i]); // Storing elements in the array
}
// Calculating sum
for (int i = 0; i < 5; i++) {
sum += arr[i]; // Adding each element to sum
}
// Calculating average
average = (float)sum / 5;
// Displaying the average
printf("Average of all elements: %.2f", average);
return 0;
}
Compiled by: Er.Gaurab Mishra
k.m.c college, bagbazar
computer department ( HOD)
WAP to Find the Frequency of an Element in an Array in C
#include <stdio.h>
int main() {
int arr[100], n, i, target, frequency = 0;
// Input size of array
printf("Enter the number of elements in the array: ");
scanf("%d", &n);
// Input array elements
printf("Enter %d elements:\n", n);
for (i = 0; i < n; i++) {
printf("Element %d: ", i + 1);
scanf("%d", &arr[i]);
}
// Input target element to find frequency
printf("Enter the element to find its frequency: ");
scanf("%d", &target);
// Count frequency
for (i = 0; i < n; i++) {
if (arr[i] == target) {
frequency++;
}
}
// Output result
printf("Frequency of %d = %d\n", target, frequency);
return 0;
}
C Program to Find Largest and Smallest Element in an Array
#include <stdio.h>
int main() {
int arr[100], n, i;
int largest, smallest;
// Input size of the array
Compiled by: Er.Gaurab Mishra
k.m.c college, bagbazar
computer department ( HOD)
printf("Enter the number of elements in the array: ");
scanf("%d", &n);
// Input array elements
printf("Enter %d elements:\n", n);
for (i = 0; i < n; i++) {
printf("Element %d: ", i + 1);
scanf("%d", &arr[i]);
}
// Initialize largest and smallest to the first element
largest = smallest = arr[0];
// Loop through the array to find the largest and smallest
for (i = 1; i < n; i++) {
if (arr[i] > largest) {
largest = arr[i];
}
if (arr[i] < smallest) {
smallest = arr[i];
}
}
// Output result
printf("Largest element = %d\n", largest);
printf("Smallest element = %d\n", smallest);
return 0;
}
C Program to Sort an Array in Ascending Order
#include <stdio.h>
int main() {
int arr[100], n, i, j, temp;
// Input size of the array
printf("Enter the number of elements in the array: ");
scanf("%d", &n);
// Input array elements
printf("Enter %d elements:\n", n);
for (i = 0; i < n; i++) {
Compiled by: Er.Gaurab Mishra
k.m.c college, bagbazar
computer department ( HOD)
printf("Element %d: ", i + 1);
scanf("%d", &arr[i]);
}
// Selection Sort: Sorting the array in ascending order
for (i = 0; i < n - 1; i++) {
// Find the smallest element by directly comparing elements
for (j = i + 1; j < n; j++) {
if (arr[i] > arr[j]) {
// Swap arr[i] and arr[j] if arr[i] is greater
temp = arr[i];
arr[i] = arr[j];
arr[j] = temp;
}
}
}
// Output the sorted array
printf("Array elements in ascending order: ");
for (i = 0; i < n; i++) {
printf("%d ", arr[i]);
}
printf("\n");
return 0;
}
Compiled by: Er.Gaurab Mishra
k.m.c college, bagbazar
computer department ( HOD)
