S12BLH31
PROGRAMMING IN JAVA
LAB MANUAL
UNIT –I PROGRAMS
1 a. Implementation of Matrix Operations using Arrays.
Ex-1.a1: Matrix Addition
Aim:
To write a Java program to implement Matrix Addition using Arrays.
Algorithm:
Step 1: Start
Step 2: Create a Scanner object to read input from the user.
Step 3: Prompt the user to enter the number of rows (r) and columns (c).
Step 4: Declare three 2D arrays of size r x c:
• A[][] → to store the first matrix
• B[][] → to store the second matrix
• sum[][] → to store the result of matrix addition
Step 5: Prompt the user to enter elements for the first matrix
Step 6: Prompt the user to enter elements for the second matrix
Step 7: Perform matrix addition
Step 8: Display the result matrix (sum[][])
Step 9: Stop
Program:
import java.util.Scanner;
public class MatrixAddition
{
public static void main(String[] args)
{
Scanner s = new Scanner(System.in);
System.out.print("Enter the number of rows: ");
int r = s.nextInt();
System.out.print("Enter the number of columns: ");
int c = s.nextInt();
int A[][] = new int[r][c];
int B[][]= new int[r][c];
int sum[][] = new int[r][c];
System.out.println("Enter elements for the first matrix:");
for (int i = 0; i < r; i++)
{
for (int j = 0; j < c; j++)
{
A[i][j] = s.nextInt();
}
}
System.out.println("Enter elements for the second matrix:");
for (int i = 0; i < r; i++)
{
for (int j = 0; j < c; j++)
{
B[i][j] = s.nextInt();
}
}
for (int i = 0; i < r; i++)
{
for (int j = 0; j < c; j++)
{
sum[i][j] = A[i][j] + B[i][j];
}
}
System.out.println("Sum of the matrices:");
for (int i = 0; i < r; i++)
{
for (int j = 0; j < c; j++)
{
System.out.print(sum[i][j] + " ");
}
System.out.println();
}
}
}
Output:
Compilation:
C:\javanew>javac MatrixAddition.java
Run:
C:\javanew>java MatrixAddition
Enter the number of rows: 3
Enter the number of columns: 3
Enter elements for the first matrix:
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
Enter elements for the second matrix:
3
1
4
5
2
3
4
5
1
Sum of the matrices:
5 3 6
7 4 5
6 7 3
Result:
Thus the Addition of Matrix program was compiled and executed
successfully.
Ex- 1.a2: Matrix Multiplication
Aim:
To write a Java program to implement Matrix Multiplication using Arrays.
Algorithm:
Step 1: Start the program
Step 2: Create a Scanner object to read input from the user.
Step 3: Read the number of rows and columns for both matrices:
Step 4: Check the compatibility condition for matrix multiplication:
• If col1 != row2, print "Matrix multiplication is not possible"
and exit the program.
Step 5: Declare three matrices A,B and C
Step 6: Input elements of matrix A
Step 7: Input elements of matrix B
Step 8: Perform matrix multiplication
Step 9: Display the result matrix C
Step 10: Stop the program
Program:
import java.util.Scanner;
public class matrixmultiplication
{
public static void main(String args[])
{
int row1, col1, row2, col2;
Scanner s = new Scanner(System.in);
System.out.print("Enter number of rows in first matrix: ");
row1 = s.nextInt();
System.out.print("Enter number of columns in first matrix: ");
col1 = s.nextInt();
System.out.print("Enter number of rows in second matrix: ");
row2 = s.nextInt();
System.out.print("Enter number of columns in second matrix: ");
col2 = s.nextInt();
if (col1 != row2)
{
System.out.println("Matrix multiplication is not possible");
return;
}
int A[][] = new int[row1][col1];
int B[][] = new int[row2][col2];
int C[][] = new int[row1][col2];
System.out.println("\nEnter values for matrix A : ");
for (int i = 0; i < row1; i++)
{
for (int j = 0; j < col1; j++)
{
A[i][j] = s.nextInt();
}
}
System.out.println("\nEnter values for matrix B : ");
for (int i = 0; i < row2; i++)
{
for (int j = 0; j < col2; j++)
{
B[i][j] = s.nextInt();
}
}
System.out.println("\nMatrix multiplication is : ");
for (int i = 0; i < row1; i++)
{
for (int j = 0; j < col2; j++)
{
C[i][j] = 0;
for (int k = 0; k < col1; k++)
{
C[i][j] += A[i][k] * B[k][j];
}
System.out.print(C[i][j] + " ");
}
System.out.println();
}
}
}
Output:
Compilation:
C:\javanew>javac matrixmultiplication.java
Run:
C:\javanew>java matrixmultiplication
Enter number of rows in first
matrix: 2 Enter number of
columns in first matrix: 3 Enter
number of rows in second
matrix: 3
Enter number of columns in second matrix: 2
Enter values for matrix A :
2
4
6
8
10
12
Enter values for matrix B :
2
4
3
5
6
7
Matrix multiplication is :
52 70
118 166
Result:
Thus the Multiplication of Matrix program was compiled and
executed successfully.
Ex- 1.a3: Matrix Transpose
Aim:
To write a Java Program implementing Matrix Transpose using Arrays.
Algorithm:
Step 1: Start
Step 2: Create a Scanner object to read input from the user.
Step 3: Read the number of rows (r) and columns (c) of the matrix.
Step 4: Declare a 2D array A of size [r][c] to store the original matrix.
Step 5: Input the elements of the matrix A[i][j]
Step 6: Display the original matrix
Step 7: Display the transpose of the matrix A[j][i]
Step 8: End
Program:
import java.util.Scanner;
public class Transpose
{
public static void main(String[] args)
{
Scanner s = new Scanner(System.in);
System.out.print("Enter the number of rows: ");
int r = s.nextInt();
System.out.print("Enter the number of columns: ");
int c = s.nextInt();
int A[][] = new int[r][c];
System.out.println("Enter elements for the first matrix:");
for (int i = 0; i < r; i++)
{
for (int j = 0; j < c; j++)
{
A[i][j] = s.nextInt();
}
}
System.out.println("Original Matrix:");
for (int i = 0; i < r; i++)
{
for (int j = 0; j < c; j++)
{
System.out.print(A[i][j] + " ");
}
System.out.println();
}
System.out.println("Transpose of Matrix:");
for (int i = 0; i < r; i++)
{
for (int j = 0; j < c; j++)
{
System.out.print(A[j][i] + " ");
}
System.out.println();
}
}
}
Output:
Compilation:
C:\javanew>javac Transpose.java
Run:
C:\javanew>java Transpose
Enter the number of rows: 2
Enter the number of columns: 2
Enter elements for the first matrix:
1
2
3
4
Original Matrix:
1 2
3 4
Transpose of Matrix:
1 3
2 4
Result:
Thus the Transpose of Matrix program was compiled and executed
successfully.
1 b. Program to perform String Operations.
Ex-1.b: String Operations
Aim:
To write a Java program to perform String Operations.
Algorithm:
Step 1: Start
Step 2: Declare and initialize string variables
Step 3: Perform and display the length of the string
Step 4: Trim leading and trailing spaces from the string
Step 5: Convert string to uppercase and lowercase
Step 6: Access a character at a specific index
Step 7: Extract a substring from the string
Step 8: Compare two strings for equality
Step 9: Check if the string contains a specific sequence
Step 10: Replace a character in the string
Step 11: Split the string into words using a delimiter (like space)
Step 12: End
Program:
public class StringOperations {
public static void main(String[] args) {
String s1 = " Hello Java ";
String s2 = "hello";
System.out.println("String Operations");
System.out.println("Length: " + s1.length());
System.out.println("Trimmed: " + s1.trim());
System.out.println("Uppercase: " + s1.toUpperCase());
System.out.println("Lowercase: " + s1.toLowerCase());
System.out.println("Char at 1: " + s1.charAt(1));
System.out.println("Substring (1 to 5): " + s1.substring(1, 5));
System.out.println("Equals: " + s1.trim().equals(s2));
System.out.println("Contains 'Java': " + s1.contains("Java"));
System.out.println("Replace 'a' with 'x': " + s1.replace('a', 'x'));
System.out.println("Split by space:");
for (String word : s1.trim().split(" ")) {
System.out.println(word);
}
}
}
Output:
Compilation:
C:\javanew>javac StringOperations.java
Run:
C:\javanew>java StringOperations
String Operations
Length: 12
Trimmed: Hello Java
Uppercase: HELLO JAVA
Lowercase: hello java
Char at 1: H
Substring (1 to 5): Hell
Equals: false
Contains 'Java': true
Replace 'a' with 'x': Hello Jxvx
Split by space:
Hello
Java
1.c Program to implement Looping Control Statements
Ex-1.c: Looping Control Statements
Aim:
To write a Java program to implement Looping control statements.
Algorithm:
Step 1: Start
Step 2: Print numbers from 1 to 5 using for loop
Step 3: Prompt the user: "Enter a number to find sum using while loop: "
Step 4: Password Check using do-while loop
Step 5: Print Array Elements using Enhanced for loop
Step 6: End
Program:
import java.util.Scanner;
public class LoopExamples {
public static void main(String[] args) {
Scanner s = new Scanner(System.in);
// 1. FOR LOOP: Print numbers 1 to 5
System.out.println("Using for loop:");
for (int i = 1; i <= 5; i++) {
System.out.print(i + " ");
}
System.out.println("\n");
// 2. WHILE LOOP: Sum of first n numbers
System.out.print("Enter a number to find sum using while loop: ");
int n = s.nextInt(), sum = 0, i = 1;
while (i <= n) {
sum += i;
i++;
}
System.out.println("Sum = " + sum + "\n");
// 3. DO-WHILE LOOP: Keep asking until password is correct
String password;
do {
System.out.print("Enter password (hint: java): ");
password = s.next();
} while (!password.equals("java"));
System.out.println("Access Granted!\n");
// 4. ENHANCED FOR LOOP: Print array elements
int[] marks = {90, 85, 78, 92, 88};
System.out.println("Student Marks:");
for (int mark : marks) {
System.out.println(mark);
}
}
}
Output:
Compilation:
C:\javanew>javac LoopExamples.java
Run:
C:\javanew>java LoopExamples
Using for loop:
12345
Enter a number to find sum using while loop: 1000
Sum = 500500
Enter password (hint: java): hello
Enter password (hint: java): java
Access Granted!
Student Marks:
90
85
78
92
88
1.d Program to implement Conditional Control Statements
Ex-1.d: Conditional Control Statements
Aim:
To write a Java program to implement Conditional control statements.
Algorithm:
Step 1: Start
Step 2: Input the student’s marks
Step 3: Validate marks using if statement
Step 4: Check Pass or Fail using if-else statement
Step 5: Grade Evaluation using if-else-if ladder
Step 6: Check Distinction Category using nested if
Step 7: Print Remarks Based on Grade
Step 8: End
Program:
import java.util.Scanner;
public class StudentEvaluation {
public static void main(String[] args) {
Scanner scanner = new Scanner(System.in);
// Input student's marks
System.out.print("Enter student marks (0–100): ");
int marks = scanner.nextInt();
// 1. IF Statement – Basic check
if (marks >= 0 && marks <= 100) {
System.out.println("Valid marks entered.");
}
// 2. IF-ELSE – Pass or Fail
if (marks >= 35) {
System.out.println("Result: Pass");
} else {
System.out.println("Result: Fail");
}
// 3. IF-ELSE-IF – Grade Evaluation
String grade;
if (marks >= 90) {
grade = "A+";
} else if (marks >= 80) {
grade = "A";
} else if (marks >= 70) {
grade = "B";
} else if (marks >= 60) {
grade = "C";
} else if (marks >= 50) {
grade = "D";
} else if (marks >= 35) {
grade = "E";
} else {
grade = "F";
}
System.out.println("Grade: " + grade);
// 4. NESTED IF – Check for distinction
if (marks >= 75) {
if (marks >= 90) {
System.out.println("Category: Distinction with Honors");
} else {
System.out.println("Category: Distinction");
}
}
// 5. SWITCH – Remarks based on grade
switch (grade) {
case "A+":
System.out.println("Remarks: Excellent Performance!");
break;
case "A":
System.out.println("Remarks: Very Good!");
break;
case "B":
System.out.println("Remarks: Good!");
break;
case "C":
System.out.println("Remarks: Fair.");
break;
case "D":
System.out.println("Remarks: Satisfactory.");
break;
case "E":
System.out.println("Remarks: Needs Improvement.");
break;
case "F":
System.out.println("Remarks: Failed. Better luck next time.");
break;
default:
System.out.println("Remarks: Invalid grade.");
}
scanner.close();
}
}
Output:
Compilation:
C:\javanew>javac StudentEvaluation.java
Run:
C:\javanew>java StudentEvaluation
Enter student marks (0?100): 75
Valid marks entered.
Result: Pass
Grade: B
Category: Distinction
Remarks: Good!
