NATIONAL UNIVERSITY OF SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY
DEPARTMENT OF APPLIED MATHEMATICS
SMA1116 TUTORIAL WORKSHEET: DIFFERENTIATION
1. (a) Find the derivative of sin x from first principles.
3+x 0
(b) Let f (x) = 3−x
, x 6= 3. Evaluate f (2) from first principles.
√ 0
(c) Let f (x) = 4x2 + 2x. Evaluate f (5) from first principles.
2. Find the derivative of y with respect to the appropriate variable
(a) y = e−2x ln(2x2 + 2),
(b) y = (3x2 + x−2 ) cos 3x,
(c) y = sec x tan x.
(d) y = tan x,
t2 +2t
(e) y = 1−t3
,
sin x
(f) y = x
,
(g) y = tan(5 − sin 2t),
³ ´−7
x
(h) y = 1 − 7
,
³ ´2
sin θ
(i) y = 1+cos θ
,
(j) y = 5sin x ,
(k) y = (ln x)ln x ,
(l) y = sin−1 (x2 ),
(m) y = tan−1 x,
(n) y = sec−1 (5x4 ),
(o) y = cosh−1 x,
(p) y = cosh−1 (sec x),
(q) y = t2 tanh(1/t).
0 00
3. Find y and y for
(a) x2 y + y 3 = 2,
(b) y 2 = x2 + sin xy,
(c) xy 3 − 3x2 = xy + 5,
(d) exy + y ln x = cos 2x.
dy d2 y
4. Find dx
and dx2
of the following:
1
(a) x = 31 t3 , y = 12 t2 ,
(b) x = et − t2 , y = t + e−t ,
(c) x = et cos t, y = et sin t,
0 00
5. Find y and y of y = cosh(x2 − 3x + 1.)
6. Find the equations for the lines that are tangent and normal to the curve
x2 + 2y 2 = 9 at the point (1, 2).
7. Find the coordinates of any stationary points on the curve y = x4 + 2x3 and
distinguish between them. Hence sketch the curve.
8. Find the coordinates of any stationary points on the curve y = 5x6 − 12x5 and
distinguish between them. Hence sketch the curve.
9. Find the coordinates of any stationary points on the curve y = 1 − 3x + x3 and
distinguish between them. Hence sketch the curve.
10. A cylindrical can is made so that the sum of its height and the circumference of its
base is 45π cm. Find the radius of the base of the cylinder if the volume of the can
is a maximum.
11. Find the approximate value for the increase in the volume of a sphere when the
radius of the sphere increases from 10 cm to 10.1 cm.
√
12. Find an approximate value for 25.08.
13. A solid circular cylinder has a base radius 5 cm and height 12.5 cm. Find the
approximate increase in the surface area of the cylinder when the radius of the
base increases to 5.04 cm.
14. How long will it take an ice cube to melt?
15. When a circular plate of metal is heated in an oven, its radius increases at the
rate of 0.01cm/min. At what rate is the plate’s area increasing when the radius is
50cm?
16. Water runs into a conical tank at the rate of 9m3 /min. The tank stands point down
and has a height of 10m and a base radius of 5m. How fast is the water level rising
when the water is 6m deep?
17. A hot-air balloon rising straight up from a level field is tracked by a range finder
500m from the liftoff point. At the moment the range finder’s elevation angle is
π/4, the angle is increasing at the rate of 0.14 rad/min. How fast is the balloon
rising at the moment?
18. Sand falls from a conveyor belt at the rate of 10m3 onto the top of a conical pile.
The height of the pile is always three-eighths of the base diameter. How fast are
the
2
(a) height and
(b) radius changing when the pile is 4m high? Answer in cm/min.
19. Suppose that a piston is moving straight up and down and that its position at t
seconds is s = a cos(2πbt), with A and b positive. The value of A is the amplitude
of the motion, and b is the frequency (number of times the piston moves up and
down each second). What effect does doubling the frequency have on the piston’s
velocity and acceleration?
20. How rapidly will the fluid level inside a vertical cylindrical tank drop if we pump
the fluid out at the rate of 3000 litres/minute?
21. A drilling rig 12 mi offshore is to be connected by pipe to a refinery onshore, 20
mi straight down the coast from the rig. If underwater pipe costs $50000 per km
and land-based pipe costs $30000 per km, what combination of the two will give
the least expensive connection?
22. If two resistors of R1 and R2 ohms are connected in parallel in an electric circuit
to make an R-ohm resistor, the value of R can be found from the equation
1 1 1
= + .
R R1 R2
If R1 is decreasing at the rate of 1 ohm/sec and R2 is increasing at the rate of 0.5
ohm/sec, at what rate is R changing when R1 = 75 ohms and R2 = 50 ohms?
23. A farmer has 120m of fencing to make 2 identical enclosures using an existing wall
as one side of each enclosure. The dimensions of each enclosure are x m and y m.
Obtain an expression, in terms of x only, for the total area of the two enclosures,
and show that the maximum value of this area is 1200m2 .
24. A rectangular area is formed having a perimeter of 40 cm. Determine the length
and breadth of the rectangle if it is to enclose the maximum possible area.
25. Find the diameter and height of a cylinder of maximum volume which can be cut
from a sphere of radius 12 cm.
26. The pressure p and volume v of a mass of gas are related by the equation pv = 50.
If the pressure increases from 25.0 to 25.4, determine the approximate change in
the volume of the gas. Find also the percentage change in the volume of the gas.
