Human Eye and Colourful World Q &A
Question 1
What is meant by power of accommodation of the eye?
Answer:
The power of accommodation of the eye is the ability to adjust its
focal length for focusing on near and far (distant) objects.
Question 2
A person with a myopic eye cannot see objects beyond 1.2 m
distinctly. What should be the type of the corrective lens used to
restore proper vision?
Answer:
Concave lens.
Question 3
What is the far point and near point of the human eye with normal
vision?
Answer:
For a human eye with normal vision the far point is at infinity and
near point is 25 cm from the eye.
Question 4
A student has difficulty reading the blackboard while sitting in the
last row. What could be the defect the child is suffering from ?
How can it be corrected?
Answer:
The child is suffering from myopia. The child should use concave
lens of suitable focal length.
Question 1
The human eye can focus objects at different distances by
adjusting the focal length of the eye lens. This is due to
(a) presbyopia
(b) accommodation
(c) near – sightedness
(d) far – sightedness
Answer:
(b) Accommodation
Question 2
The human eye forms the image of an object at its
(a) cornea
(b) iris
(c) pupil
(d) retina
Answer:
(d) Retina
Question 3
The least distance of distinct vision for a young adult with normal
vision is about
(a) 25 m
(b) 2.5 cm
(c) 25 cm
(d) 2.5 m
Answer:
(c) 25 cm
Question 4
The change in focal length of an eye lens is caused by the action
of the
(a) pupil
(b) retina
(c) ciliary muscles
(d) iris
Answer:
(c) Ciliary muscles
Question 5
A person needs a lens of power -5.5 dioptres for correcting his
distant vision. For correcting his near vision he needs a lens of
power +1.5 dioptre. What is the focal length of the lens required
for correcting (i) distant vision, and (ii) near vision ?
(i) ∵ Power of distant viewing part of the lens, P1 = -5.5 D
Solution:
∴ Focal length of this part, f1 = 1/p1 = 1/−5.5 m = -0.182 m = -
18.2 cm
(ii) For near vision,
Power of near viewing part of the lens, P2 = +1.5 D
∴ Focal length of this part, f2 = 1/p2 = 1/+1.5 m = 0.67m
Question 6
The far point of a myopic person is 80 cm in front of the eye. What
is the nature and power of the lens required to correct the
problem ?
Solution:
The remedial lens should make the objects at infinity appear at
the far point.
Therefore, for object at infinity, u = ∞
Far point distance of the defected eye, ν = – 80 cm
Negative sign shows that the remedial lens is a concave lens.
Question 7
Make a diagram to show how hypermetropia is corrected. The
near point of a hypermetropic eye is 1 m. What is the power of the
lens required to correct the defect ? Assume that the near point of
the normal eye is 25 cm.
Solution:
(i) The near point N of hypermetropic eye is farther away from the
normal near point N.
(ii) In a hypermetropic eye, the image of nearby object lying at
normal near point N (at 25 cm) is formed behind the retina.
(iii) Correction of hypermetropia : The convex lens forms a virtual
image of the object (lying at normal near point N) at the near
point N’ of this eye.
The object placed at 25 cm from the correcting lens must produce
a virtual image at 1 m or 100 cm.
Therefore, u = – 25 cm, ν = -100 cm
The positive sign shows that it is a convex lens.
Question 8
Why is a normal eye not able to see clearly the objects placed
closer than 25 cm ?
Answer:
At distance less than 25 cm, the ciliary muscles cannot bulge the
eye lens any more, the object cannot be focused on the retina and
it appears blurred to the eye, as shown in the given figure.
Question 9
What happens to the image distance in the eye when we increase
the distance of an object from the eye ?
Answer:
The eye lens of a normal eye forms the images of objects at
various distances on the same retina. Therefore, the image
distance in the eye remains the same.
Question 10
Why do stars twinkle ?
Answer:
Stars appear to twinkle due to atmospheric refraction. The light of
star after the entry of light in earth’s atmosphere undergoes
refraction continuously till it reaches the surface of the earth.
Stars are far away. So, they are the point source of light. As the
path of light coming from stars keep changing, thus the apparent
position of stars keep changing and amount of light from stars
entering the eye keeps twinkling. Due to which a star sometimes
appear bright and sometimes dim, which is the effect of twinkling.
Question 11
Explain why the planets do not twinkle ?
Answer:
The planets are much nearer to the earth than stars and because
of this they can be considered as large source of light. If a planet
is considered to be a collection of a very large number of point
sources of light, then the average value of change in the amount
of light entering the eye from all point size light sources is zero.
Due to this the effect of twinkling is nullified.
Question 12
Why does the sun appear reddish early in the morning ?
Answer:
The light coming from the sun passes through various denser
layers of air in the earth’s atmosphere before reaching our eyes
near the horizon. Most of the part of blue light and light of small
wavelength gets scattered by dust particles near the horizon. So,
the light reaching our eyes is of large wavelength. Due to this the
sun appears reddish at the time of sunrise and sunset.
Question 13
Why does the sky appear dark instead of blue to an astronaut ?
Answer:
As an astronaut moves away from the atmosphere of earth, the
atmosphere becomes thin. Due to the absence of molecules (or
dust particles) in air, the scattering of light does not take place.
Thus, sky appears dark in the absence of scattering.
