Worksheet 1 – Vectors

1. Answer
#####⃗ = &𝐴𝐵
(a) magnitude of 𝐴𝐵 #####⃗ & = √3! + 4! = 5

#####⃗ = &𝐵𝐶
(b) magnitude of 𝐵𝐶 #####⃗ & = -(−5)! + (−12)! = 13

#####⃗ = &𝐶𝐷
(c) magnitude of 𝐶𝐷 #####⃗& = -3! + (−5)! = 5.83 (3.s.f)

2. Answer
−4
(a) #####⃗
𝑂𝐴 = 7 9
6
#####⃗ −1
𝑂𝐵 = : <
𝑦−2

(b) #####⃗
𝑂𝐶 = 𝑂𝐴 #####⃗ = 7−49 + 7 4 9 = 7 0 9
#####⃗ + 𝐴𝐶
6 −10 −4
C = (0, −4)

(c) #####⃗ #####⃗ = 7 4 9

𝐴𝑂 = −𝑂𝐴
−6
4 −1 3
(d) #####⃗
𝐴𝐵 = 𝐴𝑂#####⃗ + #####⃗
𝑂𝐵 = 7 9 + : <=: <
−6 𝑦−2 𝑦−8
#####⃗ = 𝑘𝐴𝐶
𝐴𝐵 #####⃗
3 4
: < = 𝑘7 9
𝑦−8 −10
3 4𝑘
: <=7 9
𝑦−8 −10𝑘
3 = 4𝑘
"
𝑘=#
"
𝑦 − 8 = −10 7#9
$
𝑦 = −7.5 + 8 = !

3. Answer
#####⃗ & = √3! + 4! = 5
(a) &𝑃𝑄
######⃗ = #####⃗
(b) 𝑂𝑄 𝑂𝑃 + 𝑃𝑄#####⃗

1
 #####⃗ = 709
𝑂𝑃
3
######⃗ = 709 + 7−39 = 7−39
𝑂𝑄
3 4 7
𝑄 = (−3, 7)
𝑥
(c) #####⃗
𝑂𝑅 = 7 9
0
#####⃗ = #####⃗ 0 𝑥 𝑥
𝑃𝑅 𝑃𝑂 + #####⃗
𝑂𝑅 = − 7 9 + 7 9 = 7 9
3 0 −3
#####⃗ = 𝑘𝑃𝑅
(d) 𝑃𝑄 #####⃗
−3 𝑥
7 9 = 𝑘7 9
4 −3
−3 𝑥𝑘
7 9=7 9
4 −3𝑘
−3 = 𝑥𝑘
4 = −3𝑘
#
𝑘 = −"

(e) −3 = 𝑥𝑘
#
−3 = 𝑥 7− "9
%
𝑥=#
$
#####⃗ 2
𝑂𝑅 = F #G
0

4. Answer
#####⃗ = 7 6 9
#####⃗ = 759 and 𝑂𝐵
(a) 𝑂𝐴
2 −3
#####⃗ = 𝐴𝑂
𝐴𝐵 #####⃗ + #####⃗
𝑂𝐵
5 6
= −7 9 +7 9
2 −3
−5 6
=7 9+7 9
−2 −3
1
=7 9
−5
#####⃗ & = -1! + (−5)! = 5.10 units
&𝐴𝐵

2
 &"&!
(b) 𝑚 of 𝐴𝐵 = = −5
'&(

𝑦 = 𝑚𝑥 + 𝑐
2 = −5(5) + 𝑐
𝑐 = 27
𝑦 = −5𝑥 + 27

(c) #####⃗ #####⃗ = 2𝐵𝐶

𝐴𝐵 = 2𝐴𝐶 #####⃗
$
#####⃗ = 𝐴𝐶
𝐴𝐵 #####⃗ = 𝐵𝐶
#####⃗
!
$
#####⃗ 1 $
𝐴𝐶 = ! 7 9 = L ! (M
−5 − !

$ $
5!
#####⃗
𝑂𝐶 = 𝑂𝐴 #####⃗ = 759 + L ! M = L M
#####⃗ + 𝐴𝐶
2 ( $
−! −!

𝐶 = (5.5, −0.5)

#####⃗ = ######⃗
5. 𝑄𝑋 𝑄𝑂 + 𝑂𝑋 #####⃗
######⃗ = −𝑂𝑄
𝑄𝑂 ######⃗ = −𝑞
#####⃗ = " #####⃗
𝑂𝑋 𝑂𝑃 =
"
𝑝
( (
"
#####⃗
𝑄𝑋 = −𝑞 + + ( 𝑝

6. Answer
(a) Answer
(i) #####⃗ = 𝑂𝑃
𝑂𝑅 #####⃗ + #####⃗
𝑃𝑅
#####⃗ #####⃗ = 2𝑞
𝑃𝑅 = 2𝑃𝑄
#####⃗ = 𝑝 + 2𝑞
𝑂𝑅
(ii) #####⃗
𝑇𝑅 = #####⃗ #####⃗
𝑇𝑂 + 𝑂𝑅
#####⃗ #####⃗ = −3𝑂𝑃
𝑇𝑂 = 3𝑃𝑂 #####⃗ = −3𝑝
#####⃗ = −3𝑞 + 𝑝 + 2𝑞 = −2𝑝 + 2𝑞
𝑇𝑅
(iii) #####⃗
𝑄𝑆 = #####⃗
𝑄𝑅 + #####⃗
𝑅𝑆

3
 #####⃗
𝑄𝑅 = 𝑞 (since Q is midpoint of PR, PQ = QR)
#####⃗ = $ #####⃗
𝑅𝑆
$
#####⃗ = − $ (−2𝑝 + 2𝑞)
𝑅𝑇 = − ' 𝑇𝑅
' '

#####⃗ = 𝑞 − $ (−2𝑝 + 2𝑞)

𝑄𝑆 '
! !
= 𝑞 +'𝑝 −'𝑞
! #
= '𝑝 +'𝑞
$
= " (𝑝 + 2𝑞)

#####⃗ = 𝑘𝑂𝑅
(b) 𝑄𝑆 #####⃗

#####⃗ = $ #####⃗
𝑄𝑆 𝑂𝑅
"

Since they are a factor of one another, they are parallel.

7. Answer

8. Answer

4
9. Answer

5
 Worksheet 2 – Vectors

1. Answer

2. Answer

6
3.

7
4. Answer
(a) Answer
(i) #####⃗
𝐴𝐶 = 𝐴𝐷#####⃗ + #####⃗
𝐷𝐶
"
#####⃗
= 4𝑞 + ( 𝐴𝐵
"
= 4𝑞 + ( (5𝑝)

= 4𝑞 + 3𝑝
(ii) #####⃗
𝐵𝑋 = #####⃗ #####⃗
𝐵𝐴 + 𝐴𝑋
(
= −5𝑝 + ) #####⃗
𝐴𝐶
(
= −5𝑝 + ) (4𝑞 + 3𝑝 )
!*+ $(,
= −5𝑝 + +
) )
( !(,
= !𝑞 − )
(
= ) (4𝑞 − 5𝑝)

(iii) #####⃗
𝑋𝐷 = #####⃗
𝑋𝐴 + #####⃗
𝐴𝐷
(
#####⃗ + 4𝑞
= − ) 𝐴𝐶

8
 (
= − ) (4𝑞 + 3𝑝 ) + 4𝑞
" $(
= !𝑞 − 𝑝
)
"
= ) (4𝑞 − 5𝑝)

#####⃗ = 𝑘𝑋𝐷
(b) 𝐵𝑋 #####⃗
( "
(4𝑞 − 5𝑝) = 𝑘(4𝑞 − 5𝑝)
) )
( "
= )𝑘
)
(
𝑘="
(
#####⃗
𝐵𝑋 = " #####⃗
𝑋𝐷

Thus B, X and D lie on the same straight line.

5. Answer
(a) Answer
#####⃗ #####⃗ + #####⃗ −1 2 3
(i) 𝐴𝐵 = 𝐴𝑂 𝑂𝐵 = − 7 9 + 7 9 = 7 9
5 −3 −8
(ii) √3! + 8! = 8.54 units (3.s.f.)

(iii) #####⃗ = 𝑂𝐴
𝑂𝐶 #####⃗ = 7−19 + 3𝐴𝐵
#####⃗ + 𝐴𝐶 #####⃗ = 7−19 + 3 7 3 9 = 7 8 9
5 5 −8 −19
𝐶 = (8, −19)
(b) Answer

(i) ######⃗
𝑂𝑄 = #####⃗ #####⃗ = 7 4 9 + 7−89 = 7−49
𝑂𝑃 + 𝑃𝑄
−2 12 10
$*&(&!) $! "
𝑚 = &#&(&#) = &) = − !
"
𝑦 − 10 = − ! (𝑥 + 4)
"
𝑦 = −!𝑥 + 4

(ii) 3𝑥 + 2𝑦 = 11
" $
𝑦 = −!𝑥 + 5!

Since 𝑚1 = 𝑚2, they are parallel and will never intersect.

9
6. Answer
(a) #####⃗
𝐵𝐶 = 𝐵𝐴#####⃗ + 𝐴𝐶
#####⃗
−2 4
= −7 9 + 7 9
3 5
6
=7 9
2
(b) #####⃗
𝐴𝐷 = 𝐴𝐵#####⃗ + ######⃗
𝐵𝐷
−2 $
= 7 9 + ! #####⃗
𝐵𝐶
3
−2 $ 6
= 7 9 + !7 9
3 2
1
=7 9
4
#####⃗ & = √1! + 4! = 4.12 units (3.s.f.)
&𝐴𝐷

(c) #####⃗
𝑂𝐶 = 𝑂𝐴 #####⃗ = 719 + 749 = 759
#####⃗ + 𝐴𝐶
1 5 6
#####⃗
𝑃𝐶 = #####⃗
𝑃𝑂 + 𝑂𝐶 #####⃗ = − 739 + 759 = 7 2 9
9 6 −3
#####⃗ #####⃗ à AB // PC
𝐴𝐵 = −𝑃𝐶

#####⃗
𝑂𝐵 = #####⃗
𝑂𝐴 + 𝐴𝐵#####⃗ = 719 + 7−29 = 7−19
1 3 4
#####⃗ = #####⃗
𝑃𝐵 𝑃𝑂 + 𝑂𝐵#####⃗ = − 739 + 7−19 = 7−49
9 4 −5
#####⃗ = −𝑃𝐵
𝐴𝐶 #####⃗ à AC // PB

Thus ABPC is a parallelogram as there are two pairs of parallel lines.

7. Answer
(a) Answer
(i) ########⃗ = #######⃗
𝑊𝑀 𝑊𝑋 + 𝑋𝑀 ######⃗
"
#####⃗
= 6𝑝 + 3𝑞 + ( 𝑋𝑌
"
= 6𝑝 + 3𝑞 + ( (10𝑝 − 5𝑞)

= 6𝑝 + 3𝑞 + 6𝑝 − 3𝑞
= 12𝑝

10
 (ii) ######⃗
𝑍𝑀 = 𝑍𝑊 ######⃗ + ########⃗
𝑊𝑀
= −(10𝑝 − 5𝑞) + 12𝑝
= −10𝑝 + 5𝑞 + 12𝑝
= 2𝑝 + 5𝑞
(b) Answer
$
(i) area of triangle WMX : area of WXYZ = ! (𝑋𝑀)(ℎ) ∶ (𝑊𝑍)(ℎ)
$
= ! (𝑋𝑀) ∶ (𝑋𝑌)
$ /0 /0 "
= ! 7 /1 9 à =(
/1
$ "
= ! 7( 9
"
= $*

(ii) 3 units à 8
)
1 unit à
"
)*
10 units à units
"

(iii) △ 𝑁𝑊𝑍~ △ 𝑁𝑋𝑀

/0 4/ "
= 42 = (
23

Thus WX : XN = 3 : 2
#######⃗ = ( #######⃗
𝑊𝑁
( $(
𝑊𝑋 = ! (6𝑝 + 3𝑞) = ! (2𝑝 + 𝑞)
!

8. Answer
−3 7 10
(a) #####⃗
𝐴𝐵 = 𝐴𝑂#####⃗ + #####⃗
𝑂𝐵 = − 7 9 + 7 9=7 9
3 −13 −16
(b) x = 10 (adj)
y = 16 (opp)
$'
tan 𝑎 = $*
)
𝑎 = tan&$ ( = 58.0° (1.d.p)

𝐻𝑖𝑛𝑡: 𝐷𝑟𝑎𝑤 𝑣𝑒𝑐𝑡𝑜𝑟

2𝑚 −2𝑚
(c) #####⃗
𝐴𝐵 = 𝑘 7 9 or #####⃗
𝐴𝐵 = 𝑘 7 9à take note negative can be given to either m or n as
−𝑛 𝑛
we do not know their value. k should be there as gradient would have been simplified.

11
9. Answer
(a)

(b)

10. Answer
(a) Answer
(i) #####⃗
𝐶𝐸 = #####⃗ #####⃗
𝐶𝑂 + 𝑂𝐸
#####⃗ + " 𝑂𝐴
= −2𝑂𝐵 #####⃗
!
"
= −2𝑏 + ! (2𝑎)

= 3𝑎 − 2𝑏
"
(ii) #####⃗
𝐶𝐷 = 5 𝐶𝐸#####⃗
"
= 5 (3𝑎 − 2𝑏)

(iii) #####⃗ = #####⃗

𝐵𝐴 𝐵𝑂 + 𝑂𝐴#####⃗
= −𝑏 + 2𝑎
= 2𝑎 − 𝑏
(iv) #####⃗
𝑂𝐹 = #####⃗ #####⃗
𝑂𝐵 + 𝐵𝐹 = #####⃗
𝑂𝐴 + 𝐴𝐹#####⃗
$ $
#####⃗
= 𝑏 + ! 𝐵𝐴 = 2𝑎 − ! #####⃗
𝐵𝐴
$ $
= 𝑏 + ! (2𝑎 − 𝑏) = 2𝑎 − ! (2𝑎 − 𝑏)
$ $
= 𝑏 +𝑎 −!𝑏 = 2𝑎 + 𝑎 + ! 𝑏
$
= 𝑎 +!𝑏
$
or = ! (2𝑎 + 𝑏)

(v) #####⃗
𝐹𝐷 = 𝐹𝑂#####⃗ + 𝑂𝐷
######⃗
######⃗ = #####⃗
𝑂𝐷 𝑂𝐸 + 𝐸𝐷#####⃗

12
 " #
= ! #####⃗
𝑂𝐴 − 5 #####⃗
𝐶𝐸
" #
= ! (2𝑎) − 5 (3𝑎 − 2𝑏)
$! )
= 3𝑎 − 𝑎 +5𝑏
5
% )
= 5𝑎 +5𝑏
$ % )
#####⃗
𝐹𝐷 = −𝑎 − ! 𝑏 + 5 𝑎 + 5 𝑏
! %
= 5 𝑎 + $# 𝑏
$
= $# (4𝑎 + 9𝑏)

(b) Find
!
6789 ;< △>?@ (>@)(B) >@ !
(i) = "
! = >A = "
6789 ;< △>?A (>A)(B)
"
!
6789 ;< △>?@ (>@)(>?) DEF ?>@ (>@)(>?) >@ >? ! $ $
(ii) = "! = (>A)(>C) = >A × >C = " × ! = "
6789 ;< △>CA (>A)(>C) DEF ?>@
"

13
 Worksheet 3 – Vectors

1. Answer O P
#####⃗ = #####⃗ 3
(a) 𝑂𝑃 𝑅𝑄 = 7 9
2
#####⃗ = #####⃗ 2
𝑃𝑄 𝑂𝑅 = 7 9
4
#####⃗
𝑅𝑃 = #####⃗ #####⃗ = 739 + 7−29 = 7 1 9
𝑅𝑄 + 𝑄𝑃
2 −4 −2

R Q

(b) #####⃗ 1
𝑅𝑃 = 7 9
−2
####⃗ 1 𝑚
𝑃𝐽 = 𝑚 7 9 = 7 9
−2 −2𝑚
####⃗ = #####⃗
𝑂𝐽 𝑂𝑃 + 𝑃𝐽 ####⃗ = 739 + 7 𝑚 9 = 7 3 + 𝑚 9 (shown)
2 −2𝑚 2 − 2𝑚

2. Answer
(a) Answer
(i) #####⃗
𝐴𝐶 = 𝐴𝑂#####⃗ + #####⃗
𝑂𝐶 = 𝑐 − 𝑎
(ii) #####⃗ = #####⃗
𝐵𝐹 𝐵𝐶 + 𝐶𝐹#####⃗ = #####⃗
𝐴𝑂 + 𝑂𝐶#####⃗ = 𝑐 − 𝑎
$ $ $
(iii) ######⃗ = #####⃗
𝑂𝐷 𝑂𝐶 + #####⃗
𝐶𝐷 = 𝑐 + ! #####⃗
𝑂𝐴 = 𝑐 + ! 𝑎 = ! (2𝑐 + 𝑎)

(iv) #####⃗ = #####⃗

𝑂𝐸 𝑂𝐹 + #####⃗ #####⃗ − ! 𝐵𝐹
𝐹𝐸 = 2𝑂𝐶 #####⃗
"
!
= 2𝑐 − " (𝑐 − 𝑎)
! !
= 2𝑐 − " 𝑐 + " 𝑎
! #
= "𝑎 +"𝑐
!
= " (𝑎 + 2𝑐)

#####⃗ = 𝑘𝑂𝐷
(b) 𝑂𝐸 ######⃗
! $
(𝑎 + 2𝑐) = 𝑘(2𝑐 + 𝑎)
" !
$ !
𝑘="
!
#
𝑘="

14
 #
#####⃗
𝑂𝐸 = " 𝑂𝐷######⃗

O, E and D lies on the same straight line (collinear).

(c) Answer
!
@GHI △>JK (>J)(B) >J "
(i) = "! = >A = #
@GHI △>AK (>A)(B)
"
!
@GHI △>CJ (CJ)(B) $ CJ $ $ $
(ii) = "
= ! 7C? 9 = ! 7!9 = #
@GHI >@?C (C?)(B)

(iii) 𝐵𝐹//𝐴𝐶 à based on vector

△ 𝐹𝐵𝐶 ≡△ 𝐴𝐶𝐵 (∠𝐹𝐵𝐶 = ∠𝐴𝐶𝐵, 𝐵𝐶 = 𝐶𝐵 and 𝐵𝐹 = 𝐶𝐴)
$
𝐴𝑟𝑒𝑎 △ 𝐹𝐵𝐶 = 𝐴𝑟𝑒𝑎 △ 𝐴𝐶𝐵 = ! 𝐴𝑟𝑒𝑎 𝑂𝐴𝐵𝐶
@GHI △>CJ @GHI △>CJ $ $
= @GHI >@?CL△K?C = #L! = '
@GHI >@?K

3. Answer
(a) Answer
(i) #####⃗
𝐴𝐵 = 𝐴𝑂#####⃗ + #####⃗
𝑂𝐵 = −2𝑎 + 𝑏
(ii) #####⃗
𝑂𝐶 = 𝑂𝐵 #####⃗ = 𝑏 + " (2𝑎) = 3𝑎 + 𝑏
#####⃗ + 𝐵𝐶
!
! !
(iii) #####⃗
𝑂𝑋 = ( #####⃗
𝑂𝐶 = ( (3𝑎 + 𝑏)

(iv) #####⃗ = #####⃗

𝐴𝑋 𝐴𝑂 + 𝑂𝑋#####⃗ = −2𝑎 + ! (3𝑎 + 𝑏)
(
' !
= −2𝑎 + ( 𝑎 + ( 𝑏
! #
= (𝑏 −(𝑎
!
= ( (𝑏 − 2𝑎)
!
(b) #####⃗
𝐴𝑋 = ( #####⃗
𝐴𝐵

Thus, they are collinear.

(c)
$ " "
(i) #####⃗
𝐵𝑌 = ! #####⃗
𝐵𝐶 = # (2𝑎) = ! 𝑎

#####⃗
𝑂𝑌 = #####⃗ #####⃗ = 𝑏 + " 𝑎
𝑂𝐵 + 𝐵𝑌 !
" $
#####⃗ = #####⃗
𝐴𝑌 𝐴𝑂 + #####⃗
𝑂𝑌 = −2𝑎 + 𝑏 + ! 𝑎 = 𝑏 − ! 𝑎

15
 #####⃗ #####⃗ = ℎ 7𝑏 − $ 𝑎9 = $ ℎ(2𝑏 − 𝑎)
𝐴𝑍 = ℎ𝐴𝑌 ! !

(ii) #####⃗ #####⃗ = 𝑘𝑏

𝑂𝑍 = 𝑘𝑂𝐵
(iii) #####⃗ = 𝐴𝑂
𝐴𝑍 #####⃗ + 𝑂𝑍
#####⃗ = −2𝑎 + 𝑘𝑏
$
ℎ(2𝑏 − 𝑎) = −2𝑎 + 𝑘𝑏
!
$
𝑏ℎ − ! 𝑎ℎ = −2𝑎 + 𝑘𝑏
$
− ! 𝑎ℎ = −2𝑎

ℎ=4
𝑏ℎ = 𝑘𝑏
ℎ=𝑘=4

(d) Answer
!
@GHI MN △>@/ (>/)(B) >/ !
(i) = "! = >C = (
@GHI MN △>@C (>C)(B)
"
!
@GHI MN △>?/ (>/)(B) ! '
(ii) = "
! = ( = $(
@GHI MN △?/C (>C)(B)
"
!
@GHI MN △?/C (?/)(B) " $(
= "! = ! = $* à AX : AB = 2 : 5
@GHI MN △C@/ (@/)(B)
"

@GHI MN △>?/ '

= !(
@GHI MN △@?C

4. Answer

5. Answer
(a) Answer
(i) #####⃗
𝐵𝐴 = #####⃗ #####⃗ = −6𝑏 + 𝑎 = 𝑎 − 6𝑏
𝐵𝑂 + 𝑂𝐴
!
(ii) ######⃗
𝑂𝐷 = #####⃗ #####⃗ = #####⃗
𝑂𝐴 + 𝐴𝐷 𝑂𝐴 − ( 𝐵𝐴#####⃗ = 𝑎 − ! (𝑎 − 6𝑏) = " (𝑎 + 4𝑏)
( (

(iii) #####⃗ = #####⃗

𝐶𝐵 𝐶𝑂 + 𝑂𝐵#####⃗ = −3𝑎 + 6𝑏 = 3(2𝑏 − 𝑎)
#
(iv) #####⃗ = 𝐴𝐶
𝐴𝐸 #####⃗ + #####⃗ #####⃗ = 2𝑎 + # (6𝑏 − 3𝑎) = ! (𝑎 + 4𝑏)
𝐶𝐸 = 2𝑎 + % 𝐶𝐵 % "

16
 "
(b) ######⃗
𝑂𝐷 = ( (𝑎 + 4𝑏)
!
#####⃗
𝐴𝐸 = " (𝑎 + 4𝑏)

######⃗ = % #####⃗
𝑂𝐷 𝐴𝐸
$*

Thus 𝑂𝐷 and 𝐴𝐸 are parallel lines

!
@GHI OGPIQRSH C@A (C@)(@A) DEF C@A @A C@ $* ! !*
(c) = "
! = >J × >@ = ×$=
@GHI OGPIQRSH @>J (>@)(>J) DEF @>J % %
"

@GHI OGPIQRSH C@A @GHI OGPIQRSH C@A @GHI OGPIQRSH @>J

(d) = @GHI OGPIQRSH @>J × @GHI OGPIQRSH @>?
@GHI OGPIQRSH @>?
!
!* (B)(@J)
= × "
!
% (B)(@?)
"
!* !
= %
×(
)
=%

6. Answer

17
18
7.

19
8. Answer

20