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ML Vector CheatSheet

The document is a cheat sheet on vectors and related concepts in machine learning, detailing their properties and operations such as addition, scalar multiplication, and distance calculations. It covers important topics like Euclidean distance, dot and cross products, cosine similarity, and vector norms. Additionally, it includes equations for lines and hyperplanes in n-dimensional space.

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suyashpandey247
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29 views1 page

ML Vector CheatSheet

The document is a cheat sheet on vectors and related concepts in machine learning, detailing their properties and operations such as addition, scalar multiplication, and distance calculations. It covers important topics like Euclidean distance, dot and cross products, cosine similarity, and vector norms. Additionally, it includes equations for lines and hyperplanes in n-dimensional space.

Uploaded by

suyashpandey247
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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ML Cheat Sheet: Vectors and Related Concepts

1. Vectors: Quantities with both magnitude and direction, used to represent data points in ML.
2. Row & Column Vectors: A row vector is 1 x n, a column vector is n x 1.
3. Distance from Origin: For vector v = [x, y], distance = sqrt(x^2 + y^2).
4. Euclidean Distance: Distance between two points p and q = sqrt(sum of (pi - qi)^2).
5. Scalar Add/Subtract (Shifting): Adding/subtracting a constant to all elements.
6. Scalar Multiply/Divide: Multiplies/divides each element by a constant (scales the vector).
7. Mean Centering: Subtract mean of vector elements from each element.
8. Vector Add/Subtract: Element-wise operation of adding/subtracting vectors of same dimension.
9. Dot Product: a.b = sum(ai * bi); measures similarity; gives scalar.
10. Cross Product: a x b; only in 3D; gives vector orthogonal to both.
11. Uses of Cross Product: Computing normals, torque, 3D geometry.
12. Angle Between Vectors: cos(theta) = (a.b)/(|a||b|); gives angle using dot product.
13. Cosine Similarity: cos(theta) = (a.b)/(|a||b|); used in text similarity.
14. Unit Vector: A vector with magnitude 1; v_hat = v / |v|.
15. Projection of Vector: proj_a(b) = (a.b / |a|^2) * a; component of b on a.
16. Equation of Line in n-D: x = a + t*d; a is a point, d is direction vector, t is real number.
17. Equation of Hyperplane: w.x + b = 0; w is normal vector, b is bias.
18. Vector Norms: Measure of vector magnitude. L1: sum(|xi|), L2: sqrt(sum(xi^2)), L-infinity:
max(|xi|).

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