NCERT Solution Chapter 8 – Motion
Intext Questions Page: 100
1. An object has moved through a distance. Can it have zero displacement? If yes, support
your answer with an example.
Solution: Yes, an object moving a certain distance can have zero total displacement.
Displacement refers to the shortest distance between the initial and the final positions of
the object. Even if an object moves through a considerable distance, if it eventually comes
back to its initial position, the corresponding displacement of the object would be zero.
2. A farmer moves along the boundary of a square field of side 10m in 40 s. What will be the
magnitude of displacement of the farmer at the end of 2 minutes 20 seconds from his initial
position?
Solution
3. Which of the following is true for displacement? (a) It cannot be zero. (b) Its
magnitude is greater than the distance travelled by the object.
Solution : Neither of the statements are true. Statement (a) is false because the displacement
of an object which travels a certain distance and comes back to its initial position is zero.
Statement (b) is false because the displacement of an object can be equal to, but never greater
than the distance traveled.
Intext Questions Page: 102
Distinguish between speed and velocity.
Solution:
2. Under what condition(s) is the magnitude of average velocity of an object equal to its
average speed?
Solution: Since average speed is the total distance traveled in a time frame and velocity is the
total displacement in the time frame, the magnitude of average velocity and average speed
will be the same when the total distance traveled is equal to the displacement.
3. What does the odometer of an automobile measure?
Solution: The odometer measures the total distance traveled by the automobile.
4. What does the path of an object look like when it is in uniform motion?
Solution: The path of an object in uniform motion is a straight line.
5. During an experiment, a signal from a spaceship reached the ground station in five
minutes. What was the distance of the spaceship from the ground station? The signal
travels at the speed of light, that is, 3 × 108 m/s.
Solution: Given that the signal travels in a straight line, the distance between the spaceship
and the ground station is equal to the total distance traveled by the signal.
5 minutes = 5*60 seconds = 300 seconds.
8
Speed of the signal = 3 × 10 m/s.
Therefore, total distance = (3 × 108 m/s) * 300s
= 9*1010 meters.
Intext Questions - Page: 103
1. When will you say a body is in (i) uniform acceleration? (ii) non-uniform
acceleration?
Solution:
Uniform Acceleration: In this type of acceleration, the body moves along a straight line
and its velocity increases/decreases at a uniform rate (it changes at a constant rate in
any constant time interval).
Non-Uniform Acceleration: In this type of acceleration, the body moves along a straight
line and its velocity increases/decreases at a rate that is not uniform (it changes at a
different rate for a given constant time interval).
2. A bus decreases its speed from 80 km h–1 to 60 km h–1 in 5 s. Find the acceleration of
the bus.
Intext Questions - 4 (Page: 107)
1. What is the nature of the distance-time graphs for uniform and non-uniform motion of an
object?
Solution For uniform motion, the distance-time graph is a straight line. On the other
hand, the distance-time graph of an object in non-uniform motion is a curve.
2. What can you say about the motion of an object whose distance-time graph is a straight
line parallel to the time axis?
Solution This distance-time graph can be plotted as follows.
Since there is no change in the distance traveled by the object (or the Y-Axis value) at any
point in the X-Axis (time), the object is at rest.
3. What can you say about the motion of an object if its speed-time graph is a straight line
parallel to the time axis?
Solution This speed-time graph can be plotted as follows.
Since there is no change in the velocity of the object (Y-Axis value) at any point of time (X-
axis value), the object is said to be in uniform motion.
4. What is the quantity which is measured by the area occupied below the velocity-time
graph?
Solution Considering an object in uniform motion, its velocity-time graph can be
represented as follows.
Now, the area below the velocity-time graph is the area of the rectangle OABC, which is
given by OA*OC. But OA is the velocity of the object and OC represents time. Therefore,
the shaded area can be represented as:
Area under the velocity-time graph = velocity*time.
Substituting the value of velocity as 𝑑𝑖𝑠𝑝𝑙𝑎𝑐𝑒𝑚𝑒𝑛𝑡 / 𝑡𝑖𝑚𝑒 in the previous equation, it is
found that the area under the velocity-time graph represents the total displacement of the
object.
Intext Questions - 5 (Page: 109,110 )
1. A bus starting from rest moves with a uniform acceleration of 0.1 m s-2 for 2 minutes.
Find (a) the speed acquired, (b) the distance travelled.
Exercises Page: 112,113
1. An athlete completes one round of a circular track of diameter 200 m in 40 s. What will be
the distance covered and the displacement at the end of 2 minutes 20 s?
Solution
6. Fig 8.11 shows the distance-time graph of three objects A,B and C. Study the graph and
answer the following questions:
Solution
(a)
