Listening Test 1

Direction:

Part 1
Question 1: When is the man’s appointment?
A: Good morning. I'd like someone to cut my hair, please. Can I make an appointment?
B: Certainly. Wednesday or Thursday morning or Friday afternoon?
A: On Friday I'm going to go to France. What about Thursday afternoon? I'm afraid I
have a meeting all day Wednesday.
B: Well, it's a little difficult, but if that's the only afternoon you can come, we'll see
you then.
Question 2: Which is the aunt's postcard?
A: Look, Sandra, I got this really nice postcard from my aunt.
B: Oh, what a pretty village! And it's right by a river. Is it in the mountains?
A: Yes, but you can't see them in the picture.
B: Perhaps they're behind those tall trees.
Question 3: What time will the plane to Milan leave?

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A: Excuse me, what time is the next plane to Milan?
B: It should leave at quarter past seven, but it's an hour late today.
A: Oh, that's a problem. If it doesn't leave until quarter past eight, I'll be one hour late
for my meeting.
B: I'm sorry, sir. There's nothing I can do.
Question 4: Which present has the girl bought her mother?
Hi, it's me, Jane. I've got mum's birthday present.
I think she'll like it. Yes, that's right, a gold-coloured one. She's always writing letters,
so she'll find it useful. I thought about a CD, but I'm never really sure what music she
likes. And dad's bought her a new pair of earrings for her birthday anyway. I'm sure
she'll like what I've got her.
Question 5: What time will the pie be ready?
A: What time is it, mum? Do you think the apple pie will be ready yet?
B: It's four thirty-five. And the pie went into the oven at quarter past four?
A: That's right. You could check it at five and turn the heat down a bit, but don't take
it out until twenty past. That's forty-five minutes to go.
A: OK. I'm hungry already.
Question 6: What time is the swimming lesson today?
A: Hi, Judy. Do you want to play tennis after school, say about four thirty?
B: That would be fun, but I've got a swimming lesson. It's usually at a quarter past
five, but it's half an hour earlier this evening, at a quarter to five. It takes me ages to
cycle to the swimming pool, so I really don't think I'll have time today.
Let's try tomorrow.
A: OK.
Question 7: Which subject does the boy like best?
I really like the new IT teacher. Our project for this term is to design a new website.
I've always wanted to know how to do that. The sports teacher is much more serious,
but that's still my favourite subject. Last year, I used to really like geography, but the
teacher we have now gives us so much homework.
Question 8: Which T-shirt does the boy decide to buy?
A: I'd like to buy a black T-shirt with short sleeves, please, large size.

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B: I'm afraid the black ones have long sleeves, but we've got short sleeves in the
lighter colours. Do you want a round neck or a V-neck?
A: It must be round neck. Let me think. OK, I'll take one of the short-sleeved ones.
The colour's not so important, really.

Part 2:
Conversation 1:
A: I don't remember much of that lecture. The doctor gave me this medicine for my
cough, but I don't like it. It seems to make me awfully sleepy and I can't follow my
lectures.

B: Well, if you don't take it, none of us will be able to follow our lectures. All we'll hear
is you coughing.
A: Oh dear. Do you think I'll annoy everybody?
B: Yes. You could study at home for a couple of days. You know, have some time off
until it gets better.
A: Oh, I couldn't do that. I'd miss too much. And I get really uncomfortable when I
have a lot of catching up to do. Last year I missed a whole week when I fell off my
bike and had that enormous bandage on my hand. It took me ages to do all the work
when I came back.

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B: Oh, you worry too much. You can work at home. Just get Mr Grey to tell you which
parts of the course book we'll be covering and read it yourself at home. All he does is
go through the book anyway. You might as well do it yourself.
A: Oh, that's a bit unfair. I think Mr Grey's really nice. He's always willing to stay
behind after class if you don't understand something.
B: Being really nice and never in a hurry doesn't make him a good lecturer. Anyway,
I think you should look after your health first, and ours. If we sit in that small, hot
room with you for the next three days, we'll all have your cough by the end of it.
A: Perhaps you're right. I don't care about myself, but I wouldn't like other people to
blame me for their illnesses. I have got a bit of a temperature now too. So maybe I'll
go and see Mr Grey after lunch and tell him I won't be at this afternoon's lecture.
B: Or the next two. Come on, you've got to get better.
A: I suppose you're right.
B: Then we can all go out as we planned at the weekend.
A: OK then. I don't want to miss that. And I do feel ill.

Conversation 2:
A: What shall we do tonight? Shall we go out somewhere?
B: No, I'm tired. I've had a really hard day.
A: That's a bit boring. Come on, let's go to a cinema or see that new play at the
theatre.
B: Not tonight. Why don't we rent a video and stay in?
A: Well, I'd rather go out. But if you're tired, OK. So what shall we have? How about
that new Italian film?
B: Oh no, far too serious for me. I'd fall asleep. Why can't we get something funny?
A film with Rick Moranis or someone like that.
A: A comedy? No thanks. I'm not wasting my money.

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B: Well, I'll pay if you're going to be difficult about it.
A: I'm not being difficult. I just don't want to see a comedy.
B: Fine. What else do you suggest then?
A: How about a Robert De Niro?
B: We've seen them all.
A: Maybe, but they're great films. Let's watch one again.
B: Now you're suggesting something that's a real waste of money. And I hate seeing
films twice, you know that.
A: OK, OK. What then?
B: Oh, forget it. We're obviously not going to agree anyway.
A: No, I tell you what. You go down to the video shop and choose a film. Whatever it
is, I'll watch it.
B: Really? And you won't be difficult or make me feel guilty?
A: No. Go on, off you go. I'll make something to eat while you're out.
B: Great. See you in a few minutes then. Bye.

Conversation 3:
A: Hi Ben. Only one more week at college and then the summer holidays begin. Great,
isn't it? B: I don't know. It might get a bit boring. I don't think I've got enough money
to go anywhere nice for a holiday this year.
A: It would be nice to have lots of money to spend, but a good holiday doesn't have
to be expensive.
B: Oh yes it does. The best holiday I ever had was a few years ago when I went to
Greece. I want to fly off somewhere hot and lie on the beach and go swimming.
A: Yes, well I can't afford to do that either.
B: So what are you doing this summer? I'm going on a walking holiday in Scotland
with some friends. We went last year and we really enjoyed it. We walked all day and

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spent the nights in youth hostels. Why don't you come with us? We're going for two
weeks. It won't cost much and you'll come home feeling really relaxed and fit.
B: Hm, I'm not sure. Walking all day sounds like hard work to me and surely you're
not hoping for lots of sunshine in Scotland.
A: It did rain a bit last year but most of the time it was sunny. Anyway, it's not good
walking in the heat. You have to stop all the time to rest and have drinks.
B: Well, I like the sun and I like to stay in comfortable hotels, not youth hostels.
A: But they are comfortable. They're basic and the food's often not very good. But
they're very clean and cheap. In fact, I prefer them to hotels because the people are
always so friendly.
B: Hm, maybe. Look Lisa, thanks a lot for asking me but I think I'll just stay home and
get bored.

Part 3
Talk 1:
I was a small child when I left Vietnam and moved with my family to live in America.
For me and my little brother, it didn't take long before we felt American. But for my
parents and two older sisters, it was a different storey.

The biggest problem for my mother was the language. We were living in New York
and although there were quite a lot of Vietnamese families near us, they didn't work
in the stores. This meant my mother had to take me with her when she went shopping.

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And I was usually at school. For my father, the most important thing when we arrived
was to find a job. Luckily, he had friends who knew us in Vietnam and they helped
him get a job in a factory.

It was hard for him to do that sort of work. In Saigon, he had been a doctor. My two
older sisters went to high school.

They worked hard and did well. And the school gave them extra English lessons. Even
now though, they speak with Vietnamese accents.

My brother and I are lucky. We may look Vietnamese, but we speak with American
accents. My family found the way of life very different.

In Vietnam, my mother used to spend a lot of time visiting her sisters and brothers
and looking after her mother and father. She feels quite lonely now. She says that in
America, you live inside your house.

But in Vietnam, you take your house outside onto the street and share your life with
everybody. I don't remember that, but I do find the winters are quite hard to put up
with in New York. It's very cold and snows a lot.

My mother still wears traditional Vietnamese clothes at home and always cooks us rice
and noodles. I must admit, I prefer burgers and chips. Although my friends like to visit
us, I often feel a bit embarrassed by my parents' way of life.

They don't understand Americans, and I think I am more American than Vietnamese
now. I suppose it's sad for them to have such a strange daughter.

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Talk 2:
In American schools, almost every classroom is a mix of boys and girls.

However, it was not always this way. In the past, schools did not teach girls subjects
like science and math. In 1972, a law called Title IX was made in America.

It gave girls an equal chance at education. Since then, boys and girls have been taught
together. Recently, though, some schools are reconsidering separating classes.

This is different than in the past, however. Girls still learn the same subjects as boys.
They just study without boys in the classroom.

Why? Well, scientists know that boys and girls learn differently. They also behave
differently in the classroom. Boys are louder and more confident.

They like to talk and show what they know. In general, girls are quieter. They prefer
to listen and think carefully before they give their answers.

When boys and girls are together, the boys can be too dominant. Also, boys and girls
can bother each other. Instead of thinking about the lesson, they think about each
other.

In a separated classroom, they behave better and can focus on studying. Another
reason for separated classes is that boys and girls often like different things. For
instance, boys prefer storeys with action and adventure.

In an all-boys English class, the teacher can choose books that will be interesting to
boys. This way, they will be more excited about the storeys. Not all the classes are
separated, just the main subjects, like English, math, science, and social studies.

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Still, some teachers think that separate education is not good. They worry that boys
and girls will not learn how to work well together. Right now, less than 600 schools
are trying separate classrooms.

Time will show if it is a good idea or something that should be left in the past.

Talk 3:
Hi. I'd like to welcome all of you to the International Student Orientation at Norwalk
College.

I hope that your travels from your home country have been easy and that you are all
settling in well. I believe I've met everyone, but just in case, I'm the Director for
International Student Affairs, the person you can come to if you are having problems
with your classes, your housing, visas. You're always welcome to stop by my office.

We'll have several short workshops today, and we'll be talking about some common
issues that international students face. The first one that I want to deal with is about
communication, and in particular, nonverbal communication. Now, all of you have
been studying English for some time.

You have a good vocabulary, and you probably know all about verb tenses and modals
and can ask directions and order from a menu. But communication is not only verbal.
That is, talking is not the only language we use to communicate.

Another way we communicate is through nonverbal communication, or body language.

The term body language means the movements we use and the facial expressions we
have, like smiling or frowning, the way we sit or stand, the way we touch or look at

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someone, the distance we stand from another person. Some psychologists say that
more than 60% of our communication is actually done through body language.

We do it without thinking or without ever having been specifically taught what the
gestures or expressions mean. The problem is that body language is a little bit different
in each culture, and this can often cause some problems with communication. Here's
an example.

In many places, it may be a little rude or disrespectful to look at another person

directly in their eyes as you talk with them. So many international students will avoid
this eye contact. But in America, we expect it.

We think of eye contact as a sign of honesty and straightforwardness. American

parents actually encourage their children to look people in the eye when speaking.
Just imagine a conversation where an international student was trying to be respectful
by not looking into the eyes of her American classmate.

The American might wonder why her classmate wouldn't look directly at her, and the
international classmate would be wondering why she was being stared at. The end
result is an awkward and frustrating interaction. Oh, here's another one.

Americans shake hands firmly when they greet each other, because to Americans, a
firm handshake signifies strength and power. But a soft or limp handshake is
considered a sign of weakness. In some cultures, handshakes are less common, or a
gentle, soft handshake is acceptable.

So students need to know that when shaking hands, it's important to be firm. In
America, a thumbs-up sign, a thumb raised in the air...

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 Listening Test 2

Direction:

Part 1
Question 1: What colour is Mary's coat?
A: Hi Mary, what have you bought?
B: This coat, do you like it?
A: Yes, yellow looks good on you.
B: Do you think I can use my blue bag with it?
A: Your brown one will look better.
Question 2: What did the woman repair?
A: Last year we gave Pam a book for her birthday. Shall we buy her another one this
year?
B: I think we should give her a plant or some chocolates.
A: But she doesn't like sweet things.
B: Let's get her something to put in her garden, but not a book again.
Question 3: What are they going to buy for Pam?
A: Does the football match start at quarter past 12 every week?
B: No, it was early this week. It usually begins at 2 o'clock.
A: So, it'll be the usual time next week.
B: Yes.

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Question 4: What has the girl lost?
A: Can I help you? You look worried. Is everything alright?
B: Well, I was in the playground about ten minutes ago with my friends and I got a
call on my mobile phone. I had to get a pen out of my bag to write something down
and I think my purse fell out. I can't find it now. Do you know if anyone has handed
it in?
A: You know you're not supposed to bring phones to school. Anyway, let me go and
check. What colour is it?

Question 5: Which sport will the boy do soon at the centre?

A: Have you been to the new water sports centre yet?
B: Oh yes, it's brilliant. There are two indoor pools, one for underwater diving and one
for swimming and you can also have sailing lessons on the lake.
A: That's what I'm doing there next weekend actually. I was hoping to take water
skiing lessons but the leaflet says they're not starting those until next year.

Question 6: Who lives with Josh in his house?

A: Does your house seem empty now your sister's left home, Josh?
B: Not really. My grandmother's moved into her room and she doesn't go out much.
It's really nice having her there because my dad never comes home until later and if
my mum's out for the evening, grandma cooks supper for me.

Question 7: What will the girl take with her on holiday?

A: Have you packed for your holiday?
B: No, I need to go shopping before I can do that. Last holiday my suitcase handle
got broken so I need something new to put all my stuff in but suitcases are so heavy
to carry.
A: I always take a backpack. You can carry more that way.
B: Yes, I thought about one of those but good quality ones are expensive. I'll get one
of those big sports bags, you know, one you can pull along. They don't cost much.

Question 8: Where do the boys decide to go?

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A: So, we've got three hours. Shall we go skateboarding in the park? What do you
think?
B: Well, there's the latest space film which is meant to be good or there's a new
computer game shop which has just opened.
A: Oh, well, I haven't got enough money to buy a new game anyway. Let's go and
watch the film.
B: OK, we can go skateboarding any time.

Part 2:
Conversation 1:
A: Good evening, Geoff.
B: Hi.
A: Perhaps you could tell me a bit about your background. Where are you from
exactly?
B: Well, I was actually born in 1958 up in the north of England. My parents came to
live in Britain after the war.
A: Sounds great.
B: We moved south to London after that. We were completely broke and I did all sorts
of odd jobs to try and make money.
A: Goodness, how dramatic.
B: But I was lucky. I discovered karate.
A: Ah, how exactly?

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B: There was a school trip. Nothing special really, but we went to this sports centre
and I just thought, that's for me.
A: Just like that?
B: Yep. Anyway, I started training. I found myself a Japanese coach and things just
happened. I found it came naturally to me and I worked my way up till I found myself
in Taiwan for the world championships. That was in 1982.
A: And you won?
B: Yeah. Suddenly I was world heavyweight champion.
A: It was great. And you were world champion at that weight five times in all?
B: Yep, that's right.
A: And then you retired?
B: Well, I didn't have much choice.
A: And now you've got other projects on the go all around the country and even
abroad.
B: Yeah, we're going from strength to strength.

Conversation 2:
A: Hello, West Bay Hotel. Can I help you?
B: Oh, good morning. I'm ringing about your advertisement in the Evening Gazette.
A: Is that the one for temporary staff?
B: That's right. Could you tell me what kind of staff you're looking for?
A: We're looking for waiters at the moment.
B: Right. What are the hours of work?
A: There are two different shifts. There is a day shift from 7 to 2 and a late shift from
4 till 11.
B: What about time off?
A: You get one day off.

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B: Do you know what the rates of pay are?
A: Yes, I've got them here. You get £5.50 an hour and that includes a break.
B: Oh, good. Yes, so let's see. I get £231 a week.
A: You'd also get tips. Our guests tend to be quite generous.
B: Is there a uniform? What about clothes?
A: Yes, I forgot to mention that. You need to wear a white shirt, just a plain one, and
dark trousers.
B: One last thing. I don't know what the starting date is.
A: Just a minute. I think it's sometime around the end of June. Yes, the 28th, in time
for the summer.
B: That's great. I'm available from the 10th. Well, thanks very much for your help.
A: You're welcome. Bye.
B: Bye.

Conversation 3:

A: Hi, may I speak to the Archives Librarian?

B: I'm the Archives Librarian. What can I help you with?
A: Well, actually, I'm not a student here.
B: Are you the... Sorry, I don't remember your name, but the librarian over there
asked me about giving someone access to the Jacobson Collection. Is that you?
A: Yes, that's right. See, my paper is on the development of the coal mining industry.
B: Did your librarian explain what our system is here?
A: A little. She told me to make sure I brought my college ID so I could get in the
door.

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B: Yes, well, I'll need to take a copy of it, too. Even our own students who look at
items from our archive collections have to leave a copy of their ID with us. You'll also
have to sign into the Archives Room whenever you enter and sign out whenever you
leave. There's a desk, you know, for security.
A: I'll be careful.
B: Thank you. The other thing is, the things in the Jacobson Collection are over a
hundred years old, so I'll have to ask you to wear special gloves while handling the
books. Also, I'm afraid you won't be able to photocopy anything.
A: I figured that. Can I, I don't know, take a picture or something?
B: Well, I can't let you take a picture, but we have scans, images of all the pages in
the collection.
A: Well, I guess given how rare these things are... Okay, so you want a copy of my
ID, and then can you tell me how to get to the Archives Room so I can get started?

Part 3
Talk 1:

Lecturer: Welcome everybody to this presentation about creating a corporate image

for your company. I wonder if when you came in today you thought, hey, this guy
hasn't got a suit on. This could be an interesting day.

You see, I believe that the way you dress is very important. I decided to come here
rather casually dressed, not because I wanted to make a fashion statement, but
because I wanted to let you know that this is not going to be a formal presentation.

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On the other hand, I want you to work hard and get something out of the day. I'm
not wearing shorts and a t-shirt, for instance. So how would you describe the way
I'm dressed?

Audience: Smart but casual.

Lecturer: Exactly. But I also believe there are particular occasions when you need to
wear a suit, such as meeting a client, especially if you expect the client to be wearing
one. Which brings me to a recent trend which we've picked up from the Americans.
Dress down Friday.

How many of you are dressing more informally on a Friday? Quite a lot of you.
How many of you go as far as wearing jeans? Not so many. Probably many of that
small group work in the IT sector. I thought so.

So you see, it's not just the day of the week or what clients may expect of you. It's
the business you're in. If, for example, you work in a bank, you're probably going to
be in a dark suit every day of the week. And then there are those of us who are
expected to wear a uniform. What you are doing here is projecting a very specific
image of your company or service.

Usually, it's to do with reliability, expertise and efficiency. Customers and the general
public feel reassured about someone in a recognisable uniform. Dress down Friday is
a long way off for this group of employees.

Now, let's have a look at other ways in which a company projects its image.

Talk 2:

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Do you get enough sleep at night? Do you ever feel tired during school? You may not
be the only one. According to the National Sleep Foundation, kids aren't getting
enough sleep and it's affecting how they do in school.

Experts say that kids need about 10 hours of sleep each night. Your body needs sleep
so it can rest for the next day. Animals need sleep to stay healthy. Cats and dogs sleep
for about 15 hours each day. Sleep is also important for your brain.

Just like your body, your brain needs a little vacation every night. Without enough
sleep, students can't learn as well. They cannot pay attention, follow directions, or
solve problems as well. Also, tired kids act in ways that they usually don't. They can
easily get angry with their friends or get in trouble in class.

Scientists at the National Sleep Foundation talk to 1,400 kids. They ask them about
their sleeping habits. They found that about 70% of kids were not getting enough
sleep.
The scientists think that soda and television are part of the reason. Drinks like cola,
coffee, and tea have caffeine in them. Caffeine makes people stay awake. Kids who
had drinks with caffeine got less sleep than other kids. Television is also a problem.

When kids watch too much TV, they have to stay up later to finish their homework.
Scientists also found that many kids had a TV in their room. These kids often stayed
up late to watch a show.

So, what can you do to make sure that you get enough sleep? Try not to drink anything
with caffeine, especially at night. Sleep experts suggest that you try to go to bed at
the same time every night. Don't do anything exciting before you go to bed.
For instance, don't watch a scary movie or exercise. Try to do something relaxing like
reading a book or listening to quiet music.

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Talk 3:
If you have ever seen the Northern Lights, you know that they are one of nature's
most beautiful sights.

People often describe seeing a faint glow appear on the horizon in the night sky. Then
they may see wonderful colours such as green, red, blue, or purple stretch across the
sky. The shape of the Northern Lights can be straight lines or it may be curved like
the letter S or round just like a wheel.

The coloured lights and shapes move across the night sky like ocean waves. No matter
what the colour or shape is, the Northern Lights are truly an amazing sight. Many
people know them by their common name, the Northern Lights.

But do you know the meaning of the real name? The scientific name for the Northern
Lights comes from Latin. It is Aurora Borealis. In English, the Latin word Aurora
translates to dawn, which means early morning. The Latin word Borealis means
northern So Aurora Borealis can be translated as Northern Dawn, which describes the
look of the northern sky in the very early morning. If you have never seen Aurora
Borealis, you are not alone.

This natural phenomenon is not common in most parts of the world. In fact, many
people travel or go on tours to places where they can see the Northern Lights. Where
are these places?

The best place to see Aurora Borealis is near the North Pole, the northernmost point
of Earth. Especially in areas such as northern Greenland, Scandinavia, and Alaska.
Many years ago, before modern science, people developed stories, myths, and legends

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to explain natural phenomena, such as Aurora Borealis. Finnish people called them fox
fires and believed the lights were caused when foxes made fires to keep warm. The
Inuit people of northern Canada and Greenland believed that the aurora was the dance
of animal spirits, such as deer, seals, and whales. The way the Northern Lights work
is similar to a neon sign. Gas travels along magnetic lines.

The lights occur when electric particles, electrons, collide with gas atoms, causing the
atoms to give off light. The result is the amazing sweeps and waves of colour that you
can see. It's a wonderful sight if you happen to be in the right place at the right time.

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 Listening Test 3

Direction:

Part 1
Question 1: What have they forgotten?
A: Oh! I’ve got the passport here
B: And the tickets are in my bag
A: What about the camera
B: Oh no, I’ve left it at home. And I really wanted to take some holiday photos
Question 2: What time does the train go?
A: Hurry up. We'll be late.
B: What time does the train go?
A: At 6.15. We've got to leave in 10 minutes.
B: I'm nearly ready.
Question 3: How did the woman get to work?
A: Oh, the traffic's terrible today.
B: Yes, it took me 40 minutes by bus.
A: Well, I drove and it took me an hour.
B: An hour? It's probably quicker by bicycle.
Question 4: Where are the man's shoes?
A: Have you seen my old shoes? I thought they were under the chair by the television.

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B: Not anymore. They're by the door with the other rubbish. I've been tidying the flat.
A: Well, the living room looks very nice, but you're not throwing my old shoes away.
All the same.

Question 5: What will Paul get at the shop?

Right. Now, what do we need for this sauce so Paul can get it for me? Let me see.
Onions, tomatoes, one red pepper, mushrooms and two carrots. So, what have I got?
Onions. I've always got those. Tomatoes. Yes. Red pepper. No, I'll need one of those.
I've got mushrooms. Oh, dear, no carrots. Paul, could you go to the shop for me,
please?
Question 6: How were they told to do their homework?
A: Wow, your homework looks great.
B: Thanks. I typed it on my dad's computer.
A: But didn't Mrs. Smith tell us we had to write it in our books?
B: Oh, no. You're right. Oh, what am I going to do now?

Question 7: What did Helen buy?

A: Look, Roger, I've been shopping. They've got some great things in style, right?
B: Hey, that's brilliant. Lovely colours and it'll keep you warm in the winter.
A: Yes, but are the sleeves too short for me?
B: No, they look fine.
Question 8: How did the woman get to work today?
Oh, I'm so sorry I'm late. I missed the bus. I was trying to decide whether to walk or
go back and get my bike when I saw my neighbour. Luckily he offered me a lift
because he works near here.

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Part 2:
Conversation 1:

My daily schedule as a dental hygienist is a little complicated. That's because it's

different every day. Monday, I don't go into work until late in the afternoon, so I have
time to spend most of the day doing washing of clothes, shopping and my banking.
I leave for work around 4 o'clock in the afternoon and work from 5 to 9 p.m. Tuesday,
I wake up at 6.30 a.m. and leave for work at 7.30. My first patient is scheduled for
8.15. Each patient is allotted 45 minutes. Lunch break is 12.30 to 1.30. I finish up at
5 p.m. and get home at around 6 p.m. Wednesday starts an hour earlier. I wake up
at 5.30 a.m., leave for work at 6.30 and see my first patient at 7 a.m. I also finish
early on Wednesday at 12 noon.
Thursday is the same schedule as Tuesday, getting up at 6.30 a.m., leaving for work
at 7.30 and seeing my first patient at 8.15. I get home about 6 p.m. in the evening.
Friday is another early start. I wake up at 5.30 a.m., leave the house at 6.30 and finish
up my last patient at 3 o'clock in the afternoon.
I like to get finished early on Friday. That is a typical work week for me.

Conversation 2:

A: Hey sis, I just came over to drop off the DVDs you wanted and... Hey, wow! Where
did you get all this stuff?

Page | 32
B: I bought it. So what do you think of my new entertainment centre and the
widescreen TV?
A: Bought it.
B: And my new DVD player. Here, let me show you my stereo. You can really rock the
house with this one.
A: But where did you get the dough to buy all this? You didn't borrow money from
mom and dad again, did you?
B: Of course not. I got it with this.
A: This? Let me see that. Have you been using dad's credit card again?
B: No, silly. It's mine. It's a student credit card.
A: A student credit card? How in the world did you get one of these?
B: I got an application in the mail.
A: Well, why did you get one in the first place?
B: Listen, times are changing, and having a credit card helps you build a credit rating,
control spending, and even buy things that you can't pay with cash. Like the plane
ticket I got recently.
A: What plane ticket?
B: Oh yeah, my roommate and I are going to Hawaii over the school break, and of
course I need some new clothes for that, so...
A: I don't want to hear it. How does having a student credit card control spending? It
sounds like you've spent yourself into a hole. Anyway, student credit cards just lead
to impulse spending, as I can see here, and the interest rates of student credit cards
are usually sky high, and if you miss a payment, the rates, well, just jump.
B: The credit card has a credit limit.
A: Of $20,000?
B: No, not quite that high. Anyway...
A: I've heard enough.
B: Did I tell you we now get digital cable with over 100 channels?
A: Uh?
B: Oh, and here's your birthday present, a new MP3 player.

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A: Yeah. No, don't tell me. Charged on the credit card. Listen, hey, I don't think having
a student credit card is a bad idea, but this is ridiculous, and how in the world are you
going to pay off your credit card bill?
B: Uh, with my birthday money? It's coming up in a week.
A: Hey, let's sit down and talk about how you're going to pay things back, and maybe
we can come up with a budget that will help you get out of this mess. That's the least
I can do.

Conversation 3:

A: Hi, welcome to Joe's Hamburger Restaurant, home of the 1-pound super deluxe
hot and spicy cheeseburger. Will this be for here or to go?
B: Uh, to go.
A: Okay, what would you like today? Would you like to try the 1-pound super hot and
spicy cheeseburger?
B: I don't think so. I'd probably have heartburn for a week after downing that monster.
A: Well, it's our house special this week, and it comes with fries and a large specialty
drink called Everything But The Kitchen Sink.
B: A what? Everything But The Kitchen Sink? What in the world is that?
A: Well, it's a little mix of everything in a large cup. Pepsi, Sprite, Fanta Orange, and
Lemonade, with crushed ice and a scoop of ice cream.
B: Now that sounds disgusting.
A: Hey, it'll grow on you.
B: Nah, I think I'll just order a hamburger with some mustard and lettuce and a glass
of water.
A: Hey, would you care for anything else, like a side order of amazing cheesy onion
rings?
B: No, thank you. Onion rings usually don't agree with me.

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A: Hmm, okay. Your total comes to $10.90.
B: $10.90? For just a hamburger? You gotta be kidding!
A: Well, the 1-pound super deluxe hamburger is $9.00.
B: Hey, I didn't order a 1-pound burger. I just wanted a simple burger, that's all.
A: Well, sir, Joe's Hamburger Restaurant only serves 1-pound burgers.
B: Man!
A: The 1-pound super hot and spicy, the 1-pound barbecue burger, and the 1-pound
bacon cheeseburger. The 1-pound...
B: No, no, those are all huge.
A: Well, sir, if you really want something smaller, yeah, you should order from the
kid's menu. The 1-pound super hot and spicy burger, the 1-pound barbecue burger,
the 1-pound bacon cheeseburger, the 1-pound...
B: No, those are still giant burgers.
A: Well, in these parts, we are hearty eaters.
B: Okay, but you said my total was $10.90, but the burger only comes to $10.00.
What about the other $0.90?
A: Well, sir, we only serve natural spring water from yonder hills.
B: Okay, okay. I'll take the giant burger and a bottle of your spring water. The
sandwich should feed me for a week.

Part 3

Page | 35
Talk 1:
Hello, everyone. My name's Sandy Duffy, and I'm here to tell you about my career as
a video game writer. I work with game developers and designers to think of good
stories, and I write all the dialogue in the game.

When I was in secondary school, I never imagined that I would do this job. I played
the violin, and that's what I planned to do as my job. But I had an accident when I
was playing basketball and hurt my hand, so I had to think of another career.

My mother wanted me to be a journalist, but I didn't think it was for me. I didn't know
what to study at university. I was good at lots of science subjects, including physics
and maths, but I also loved entertaining people, and I was good at art.

In the end, I went to film school where I studied lighting, special effects, how to use
a camera, all that. It was there that I started to think about working in the video game
industry. Now, a question that everyone always asks me is, how did you get your first
job? Well, I had a friend whose job was organizing conferences.

At one of the conferences, she met a man who owned a company that made video
games. I wrote to him and sent my CV. He obviously liked what he read because he
gave me an interview and offered me a job as a junior.

People also ask me what I like best about being a video game writer. Well, the money
is good and it's quite exciting. Just last night, for example, I was at a big dinner where
they were giving prizes for new games. But what I love is the fact that I get on so
well with everyone in the business. That's what makes my job so much fun.

Obviously, no job is perfect though. And there are things I don't like. I've just started
a new job and I have to spend a lot of time on the road or at the airport, which I find
very hard. I'd really like to be able to spend more time at home.

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Talk 2:
Do you want to take part in a trip of a lifetime? Then join go for Health India. This
amazing five-day trek will take you through one of the world’s most beautiful mountain
ranges – The Indian Himalaya. You will also be helping raise vital funds for our charity,
which aims to promote healthcare all over the world.

The trip starts in the city of Delhi, Where you will have the chance to see one of the
charity's healthcare projects in action. The following day, we set off on our incredible
journey into the mountains. During the trek, you will pass colourful towns and villages
and enjoy the most magnificent mountain views.

You will experience all this before you even reach the peak of our trek to see the
stunning Dalida mountain range. Once at the top, you can climb even higher if you
want to and experience walking on a glacier to reach Lars Cave. You will soon know
what it feels like to be on top of the world. And on the way down, you will be able to
admire the wonderful views across the valley.

To join Go For Health India, all you need to do is pay an entry fee of £250. You also
need to promise to raise a minimum of £2,500 before the start of the trip. Fundraising
is part of the challenge, but don't worry. Our fundraising team is on hand to help you.
Once you have signed up, you will receive an information pack. This includes details
of the trek as well as the work of the charity. It also contains useful tips and advice
on fundraising, and you will also get a charity cap to wear with pride.

You will also receive a full training guide, which will help you reach a reasonable level
of fitness. Our top training tips will definitely improve your physical ability so that you

Page | 37
can get the most out of the trek. The cost of the trip includes your flights,
accommodation, food, tour guides and medical support.

However, please note that airport tax is not included. You will have to meet this
additional cost yourself. Dates for this year's Go For Health India are the 3rd to the
13th of November. Visit our website www.goforhealth.uk and sign up today.

Talk 3:
Here in India, people bought around 1.5 million new cars. This will probably go up to
3 million a year in the next few years. That's how the Indian economy is changing.

Many Indians in the big cities are richer than ever, and they want to spend money on
new products. However, most of the money is still in the big cities. There is still a lot
of poverty in the villages and countryside.

Now the government hopes a new road in India can help to change India's economy.
The Golden Quadrilateral Road, or GQ, connects the country's four biggest cities,
Delhi, Mumbai, Chennai and Kolkata. Hopefully, the road will carry business from the
giant cities to the smaller and poorer villages and the other half of India's population.

The GQ is nearly 6,000 kilometers long and the most high-tech highway in the world.
At the administration headquarters in Delhi, you can watch thousands of vehicles
moving around the country on a computer screen. If there is a problem anywhere with
the road, electronic sensors tell the headquarters and engineers instantly drive there.

When you drive on the highway, there is every kind of transport. There are animals
pulling carts, motorcycles, lines of old trucks and fast-moving modern cars. Sometimes

Page | 38
the road goes right through the middle of a city, so there are often traffic jams and
pedestrians trying to cross the six lanes.
Industry is also growing along the new highway. When a large company opens a
factory, lots of other smaller factories and offices also open. Trucks then drive and
deliver all over India along the new highway.

For India, all this is a symbol of the country's future.

Page | 39
 Listening Test 4

Direction:

Part 1
Question 1: What is John going to do tonight?
A: Hello Mrs Brown. Is John there?
B: No.He's out on his bicycle at the moment.
A: Oh. Can he go swimming tonight?
B: Sorry Paul. He's got a football match tonight.
Question 2: Which bag does the woman buy?
A: I want to buy a present for Diana.
B: What about a bag?
A: Yes, this one's nice. It's small and round.
B:I think she'd prefer a square bag.
A: No, this is better. I'll get the round one.
Question 3: How much did the woman pay for the apples?
A: Can I help you?
B: Yes, I'd like a pound of apples please.
A: Do you want the ones at 30 pence, 35 pence or 40 pence?
B: The ones at 30 pence please.
Question 4: When must the boys get on the coach?

Page | 40
A: The football match starts at 2.30 but we should get there at half past one.
B: The coach will pick us up at ten to one as it'll take us about 40 minutes to drive
there.
A: So we'll meet in the school car park. Don't be late boys, will you?

Question 5 What fruit do they take?

A: Mum, have we got any fruit to take on the picnic? There were some oranges and
bananas.
B: Here are the bananas. Let's take those.
A: Oh, the oranges have all gone. What about taking some grapes or apples as well?
B: OK, let's take the grapes. That'll be enough.

Question 6: Which present has the man bought?

A: Is the book in this bag for mum then? I didn't think she was particularly interested
in flowers.
B: I thought she'd like it, to give her some good ideas for the garden.
A: And even if she never reads it, it's got some lovely photos.
B: I thought you were going to get those gloves I showed you in that shop last
Saturday.
A: They match the scarf I've bought her.
Question 7: Where are the photographs?
A: Have you seen my new passport photographs? I put them on the bookshelf.
B: Oh, here they are, with your coffee cups. I hope they aren't dirty.
A: Oh, sorry. I was showing them to Pat. He says they make you look like that
newsreader on the television.
Question 8: What did Ben break?
A: Ben, what's this broken cup doing here?
B Sorry, mum. I had an accident when I was washing up. You know those big dinner
plates?
A: You haven't broken them as well?
B: Just a couple. They slipped out of my hands into the sink, and the cup got broken
as well.

Page | 41
Part 2:
Conversation 1:
A: Dave, I'm going to the supermarket to pick up food and drink for Saturday's picnic
later. Any suggestions?
B: Well, everyone's been talking about having a barbecue down by the river, so why
don't you pick up some hamburger and hot dogs?
A: Okay, but how much hamburger meat are we going to need? And hot dogs too?
B: Uh, I don't know. How about three pounds of hamburger and a couple packages
of hot dogs?
A: Oh, that's not going to be enough. Do you remember the last picnic we went on?
Your roommate Jim ate about ten hamburgers by himself.
B: You're right. Let's see, I better write this down. Let's see, about nine pounds of
hamburger meat and seven packages of hot dogs.
A: And you better pick up some chicken for those who don't like hamburger or hot
dogs.
B: Okay, how about five or six bags of potato chips?
A: Better make that eight or so.
B: All right. Oh, and we're going to need some hamburger and hot dog buns. How
about five packages a piece? I think that sounds about right.
A: Yeah, you better pick up some mustard, ketchup and mayonnaise too.

Page | 42
B: Okay, what else? Uh, we're going to need some soft drinks. How about ten of those
big two-liter bottles?
A: Sounds fine, but be sure to buy a variety of drinks.
B: Okay, and what about dessert?
A: Well, maybe we could ask Kathy to make a few cherry pies like she did last time.
B: Well, I wouldn't mind that, but you know she's been very busy working two jobs,
so I'd hate to ask her. And hey, why don't you whip up some of your oatmeal cookies?
Hey, you could even ask, what's her name? Yeah, the new girl, Susan, the one that
moved across the street. I bet she'd be willing to help you.
A: I don't know.
B: She's a real knockout.
A: Nah, I don't think I could ask her. I don't know her phone number. Plus...
B: Hey, you don't need to. She's at the door.
A: What do you mean?
B: Well, I thought you two would hit it off, so I called her up saying I was you and I
invited her over to watch a movie.
A: You did what?
B: Wait, wait, wait, wait!

Conversation 2:
A: Can I go outside to play?
B: Well, did you get your Saturday's work done?
A: Aw, Dad, do I have to?
B: Well, you know the rules. No playing until the work is done.
A: So where is my work?

Page | 43
B: Well, first you have to clean the bathroom, including the toilet. And don't forget to
scrub the bathtub.
A: No, I want to do the family room.
B: Well, okay, but you have to vacuum the family room and the hall. And be sure to
dust everything. Oh, and don't forget to wipe the walls and clean the baseboards.
A: Okay.
B: And after that...
A: Oh, no.
B: Next, sweep and mop the kitchen floor. And be sure to polish the table in the living
room. A: Okay, okay.
B: And make your bed and pick up all your toys and put them away. And...
A: More?
B: Yeah. And then, how about going out for lunch and getting a big milkshake? But,
yeah, you probably don't want to do that.
A: No, no, I want to.
B: Okay, while you're doing your work, I'll be out in the yard raking leaves and pulling
weeds.

Conversation 3:
Okay, everyone, I want to review the first two days of our travel itinerary for the trip.
Okay, yeah, please take out the paper that I handed out earlier.
Okay. First of all, we have been very fortunate to have been able to purchase discount
tickets to cover most of the transportation costs and scheduling activities.
And I want to also thank the group of parents who worked very hard in order to raise
funding through different businesses in the community. I really appreciate that. Let's
see.

Page | 44
Okay, everyone should meet at the airport at 6 a.m. This will give you time to check
in and get through security. Our plane departs at 9. Our plane arrives in New York at
3 p.m. And we will take a bus from the airport to the hotel. We've been able to get
great rates on this hotel because we're staying on a weekday instead of the weekend.
In the morning, for any of you who like to get exercise, we will be meeting in the
lobby around 6 a.m. to go jogging around Central Park for about 45 minutes. And we'll
get back to the hotel about the time when the restaurant opens, so you'll have enough
time to grab a quick breakfast before we leave the hotel at 8. We'll be taking a ferry
ride to Ellis Island and then to Liberty Island to visit the Statue of Liberty. I mean, this
is something that you really can't miss. And later, we will go to Times Square where
you can have lunch on your own for about an hour from about 1 to 2. Later in the
afternoon, you have the choice of visiting the Empire State Building or the Metropolitan
Museum of Art. Either one of these are great. And we have some great group
discounts.
We will meet back at the hotel at 6 p.m. And we'll have dinner at a very nice Italian
restaurant downtown. And then we'll catch an exciting Broadway musical around 8.30
p.m. Any questions?

Part 3
Talk 1:

Page | 45
Frank, tell us about some of the ships you've discovered. Well, there's nothing quite
like finding your first old ship. It was 300 years old. It was just lying at the bottom of
the sea, so it wasn't difficult to find. Most are covered in sand and rocks.
But this one wasn't. I'm actually a teacher, not a full-time diver. I dive in my free time,
but I often get to them before the professional divers because I have good up-to-date
equipment.
Another thing that helps is talking to fishermen who tell me about their local area. I've
even written a book about some of their experiences. At the moment, I'm looking for
the gold from a ship called the Seabird.
It was an enormous, well-built ship, and it was coming from Australia on a winter
night in 1859. Everything was going fine until the ship reached the English coast when
it crashed into some rocks in a very strong wind and sank to the bottom of the sea. It
was carrying gold from Australia, and most of it is still at the bottom of the sea.
My wedding ring is actually made from gold, which I found on an 18th-century sailing
ship. A friend of mine, another diver, has already found £88,000 worth of gold from
different ships. He's now decided to give up his job and become a full-time diver.
My house is full of things like coins and bottles and old guns. My wife is always
complaining about the number of objects around the house. She says I should open
an antiques shop, but I love all these old things.
Anyway, in the end, I gave some things from my collection to museums because I
didn't want to sell them. But my wife still wasn't very pleased, I'm afraid. As diving is
a dangerous hobby, it's not a good idea to try to teach yourself.
I'd advise anyone interested to do what I did. There are some excellent diving clubs,
like the one I joined, which run courses for beginners. It's best to do one of these
before you go on a diving holiday.

Talk 2:

Page | 46
Well, I'd like to tell you about some of the historic places open to visitors in this part
of the country. Let's start with the oldest first. Black Rock Caves have been here for
over 2 million years.
And for half a million years, they were home to people and various animals, particularly
tigers. You can explore these ancient homes and imagine what life was like for the
people who lived there. The caves are open daily from April to October.
A special attraction on evenings in August is a walk by candlelight. Don't take this tour
if you're afraid of the dark. Next, I recommend a visit to Salter House.
This was built by Sir Joshua Salter and dates back to 1765. The Salter family are still
living there today. The house became famous in 1982 when the television series Aunt
Dorothy was filmed there.
The furniture and paintings are well worth seeing, but the attraction nobody wants to
miss is the kitchen. This is where Aunt Dorothy cooked her enormous meals and gave
advice to anyone who passed through this part of the house. And don't forget to visit
the Old Port.
You'll need several hours to see everything there, especially if you take a trip along
the riverside in an old tram as far as the fishing village. The guides there all wear
traditional costume, and you too get the chance to try on clothes from a hundred
years ago. You can buy gifts in the old village stores and eat delicious snacks in the
tea shop.
If you visit the village factory, you can see how sweets were made a hundred years
ago and taste them too.

Talk 3:
This lecture is going to introduce you to traditional Chinese philosophy. First, you will
learn about the Yin and Yang philosophy.

Page | 47
Secondly, we will look at the five elements of this philosophy. It is important that you
remember these five elements as we will be discussing them throughout the lecture.
The five elements of Yin and Yang are water, wood, fire, earth, and, um, metal.
Okay, so those are the five elements. Um, let's begin with a definition of Yin and Yang.
Yin and Yang should be considered as opposite forces, like, uh, like land and ocean,
for example. These are opposites. Now, these opposites do not compete with each
other. They are complementary.
When you think of Yin and Yang, think complementary opposites. So, moving from
complementary opposites, let's return to the five elements we mentioned earlier. If
you recall, we said they were water, wood, fire, earth, and metal.
The Chinese divided Yin and Yang into five elements to gain an understanding of how
the body, mind, and spirit work. According to the Chinese, every person's physical and
mental health relies on a balance of the five elements. Individuals may have more of
one element than another.
Of course, ideally, all elements are in balance or harmony. What does this mean? Uh,
it means that a person's body contains equal amounts of each element.

Page | 48
 Listening Test 5

Direction:

Part 1
Question 1: What time is this?
A: Have you got the right time? I think my watch is wrong.
B: Ah, it’s half past two.
A: My watch says twenty past.
B: Well, it’s 10 minutes slow then.

Question 2: What’s Michelle going to read?

A: Can I read your newspaper, Michelle?
B: Didn't you bring a book with you?
A: Yes, but it's not very interesting.
B: Oh, here you are. I'll read this letter from John.
Question 3: How much did the tickets costs?
A: Oh, hi. Did you have a good time at the theatre last night
B: Well, the play was excellent, but the tickets cost $90 each.
A: That's not too bad if the play was good.
B: No, perhaps you're right.

Page | 49
Question 4: What is the man going to buy?
A: Is everything ready for the holiday?
B: I'm just going shopping. I must get those pills I take when I feel travel sick. Do we
need anything else at the chemist's? We forgot the toothpaste last time.
A: I've got that. I haven't got any sunglasses, but I can borrow yours, can't I? And I'll
get something to read at the airport.
B: Right.
Question 5 Which dress is Kate talking about?
A: Oh, Mum, this dress is still dirty.
B: It can't be, Kate. I've only just washed it.
A: Well, it is.
The mark on the collar has gone, but there's still a small one here. Look, it's at the
front just below the button. It's where I spilled some coke last week.

Question 6: When will Jane meet them?

Hi, it's Pete here. Jane left a message to say she can't meet us at 8 o'clock, as planned,
because her bus doesn't get in till 8.15, and it'll take her 30 minutes to get from the
centre of town. I told her the table's actually booked for 8.45, so that will be fine, and
we'll see her then.

Question 7: Which morning activity is for beginners?

At 10am tomorrow morning, there will be swimming lessons, at both intermediate and
beginner level. Then there will be volleyball practice at 11.30, for all those of you who
are already in one of the teams. Also in the morning, for those of you who already
know how to sail, there's a chance to do some practice on your own. There will be
lessons in both sailing and windsurfing for beginners after lunch.
Question 8: Which painting does the woman decide to buy?
They're all nice, but you see a lot of flowers everywhere these days, don't you? So
that wouldn't be my choice.The same goes for animals, actually, although I do quite
like the one of the horses. So it looks like it'll have to be the one with the boat. It will
be a change from that bowl of fruit I've had on the wall all these years, anyway.

Page | 50
Part 2:
Conversation 1:
A: Bye, Mum. See you later.
B: How are you getting to college? It's already five to nine. You've missed the bus.
Are you going to walk?
A: No, I'm borrowing your car, remember?
B: Oh, Matthew, I need it today. If you want to borrow the car, you need to ask me
several days before. Sorry, you're going to have to walk. It just isn't convenient today.
A: But I did ask you. We talked about it last week, don't you remember? I've promised
to help Alan move all his books and things after my lecture today. He's moving to a
new flat and his car's broken down. I've got to help him move his things. He can't stay
in the old flat after today. I promised him.
B: All right. All right.Of course you must keep your promise. I remember now you did
tell me, but I thought you said next Wednesday. You said the 9th and that's next week
when I'm in Birmingham for a meeting. So I shan't need the car.
A: I didn't ask for it next Wednesday. I've got an exam next Wednesday. I can't help
Alan when I'm doing an exam, can I?
B: No, I suppose not. Well, I expect you're right. I didn't write it down, so it's my fault.
Next time we must both write it down and make sure we write down the same date.
A: OK. So, can I have it today? I need to go or I'll miss my lecture.
B: Well, what am I supposed to do? I need to be at work in half an hour.
A: I'll give you a lift there on my way to college. How about that?

Page | 51
B: I suppose I haven't got much choice. Come on then.

Conversation 2:
A: OK. Now we come to our regular spot on Extreme Sports. And this week our fearless
reporter Tom Walker has been trying out something called indoor skydiving. And he's
with me now. Tom, what's this all about?
B: Well, it's the same as skydiving. Jumping from an aeroplane and free-falling through
the air without opening your parachute for some time. Except that you do it in an
indoor wind tunnel. And there's no plane and no parachute and, so I was told, no
danger. So it gives you a taste of doing an extreme sport, but it isn't quite so extreme.
A: Right. Now, where did you do it?
B: I did it in a vertical wind tunnel at an adventure sports centre called Runway.
A: What exactly is a vertical wind tunnel?
B: Well, it's a tunnel that gets filled with air. The air is provided by four enormous
industrial fans of a kind that usually provide air for underground systems. These fans
produce a column of air that rushes through the tunnel from below at more than 160
kilometres per hour. When you're in the tunnel, you float on this air. The machine has
been described as being like an enormous hairdryer. It allows you to fly as if you had
fallen from a plane, but you are only two metres off the ground.
A: And it's completely safe, is it?
B: Yes. There are bars across the top of the tunnel to stop you flying off up and out
of the tunnel. The tunnel is four metres wide and has glass walls. The only small
problem you might have is that you keep bashing into these walls. But you're not
really going to hurt yourself a lot by doing this. The only injuries you are likely to get
are sore elbows and knees. In fact, it's so safe that the centre is open to anyone over
the age of four. In America, where the idea was invented by the military in 1994,
pensioners in their 80s regularly have a go.

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Conversation 3:
A: Hi, Euan. As you know, I've asked you here today to discuss the future of our self-
access centre. We have to decide what we want to do about this very important
resource for our English language students. So, can you tell me what the students
think about this?
B: Well, from the students' point of view, we would like to keep it. The majority of
students say that they enjoy using it because it provides a variation on the classroom
routine and they see it as a pretty major component of their course. But we would like
to see some improvements to the equipment, particularly the computers. There aren't
enough for one each at the moment and we always have to share.
A: Well, yes, the teachers agree that it is a very valuable resource. But one thing we
have noticed is that a lot of the students are using it to check their personal emails.
We don't want to stop you students using it, but we think the computers should be
used as a learning resource, not for emails. Some of us also think that we could benefit
a lot more by relocating the self-access centre to the main university library building.
How do you think the students would feel about that, Euan?
B: Well, the library is big enough to incorporate the self-access centre, but it wouldn't
be like a class activity anymore. Our main worry would be not being able to go to a
teacher for advice. I'm sure there would be plenty of things to do, but we really need
teachers to help us choose the best activities.
A: Well, there would still be a teacher present and he or she would guide the activities
of the students. We wouldn't just leave them to get on with it.
B: Yes, but I think the students would be much happier keeping the existing set up.
They really like going to the self-access centre with their teacher and staying together
as a group to do activities. If we could just improve the resources and facilities, I think
it would be fine.

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Part 3
Talk 1:
Dolls have always fascinated me and that's why, five years ago, I was delighted to be
offered the job of running a doll museum. Dolls have existed for thousands of years
and the earliest dolls we know about were found in graves in ancient Egypt.
I only wish we could get one or two for our museum, but we haven't unfortunately
got anything as old as that in the museum. All the same, we have got examples from
Europe from the 12th century, but my favourite early dolls are actually from the 17th
century. They interest me not just because they are early, or fairly early, but also
because of the clothes they are wearing.
They have their original clothes and from them we know what the owners wore, since
dolls in those days were always dressed like their owners. They were made of the only
material readily available for things like this at the time, solid wood, and they were
painted in great detail. In fact, on the best examples, like the ones in the museum,
the detail includes the 17th century make-up.
Dolls like these were very expensive then and only the very rich could afford them.
These days they are popular with collectors and if you want one today, you have to
pay anything up to £10,000 for a doll in perfect condition from this time. By the way,
what makes them so valuable is that as far as a collector is concerned, a doll is only
worth collecting if it is in perfect condition, and that means having the original clothes.

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Doll collecting has become very fashionable since the museum opened, with people
interested in dolls from every period, including later dolls. There's great interest in
19th century examples, when dolls were no longer made of wood, but began to have
soft bodies and real hair. They were very delicate and few have survived, meaning
such a doll would be worth about £2,000, perhaps a bit more.
Later, in the 19th century, you could often take off the doll's hair. If you can, you can
often see the maker's name underneath, and of course, the right one increases a doll's
value. There was a really big change in dolls at the beginning of the 20th century.
In the museum, we have one of the earliest examples, from about 1909, of a doll
that's a model of a baby. Previously, all dolls, the earlier ones, were little adults.

Talk 2:
Hello.
I'm Stephen Mills. I will travel with you on the Tiger Tour to India, but I'm not your
tour guide. I work as an artist, and I'm going to take some photographs of tigers so
that I can use them when I paint some pictures later. An expert guide will join the
group when we arrive in India, but I'm leading the group until then. We leave London
on the 6th of November, arriving in India the following day. It's a good time of year
to visit the wildlife park where the tigers live. The rainy season finishes in October,
and later in the year, the park gets more crowded and the tigers become shy. We'll
spend 10 days in the wildlife park. There are 20 other types of animal and 300 types
of bird to see, as well as tigers. There are 18 of us all together, and everything is
organised for our comfort by the tour company. For example, although we're in the
jungle, we won't have to sleep in tents. The hotels where we'll stay are all very
comfortable. To be sure of seeing tigers, we'll stay in two different parts of the wildlife
park. We'll spend three days in the north, where we'll travel around in an open truck,
and the rest of the time in the south, where we'll travel around on elephants. That

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should be fun. On the way back to London, we have dinner and one night's bed and
breakfast in the Indian capital, Delhi. There you can either go sightseeing or go
shopping, whichever you prefer. But please note that lunch is not provided on our day
of departure, as the plane leaves at 2 in the afternoon.

Talk 3:
For the second in our series about locally run businesses, we meet Simon Winridge,
(20:33) co-founder of the hugely successful Winridge Forest Railway Park. Welcome,
Simon. Now, perhaps you can begin by telling us a little bit about how it all started.
Well, during the 1970s, my wife Liz and I had just acquired 80 acres of sheep farming
land and we decided to settle down and have children. Pretty soon we had a daughter,
Sarah, and a son, Duncan. The place was wonderful for the kids.
They particularly loved trains and gradually built up an enormous network of miniature
railway track. I began to develop larger scale models of locomotives, but we didn't
think anything more of it until I went on a trip to a theme park near Birmingham and
decided we could do a much better job. So we set up a small one ourselves, based on
the miniature railway, and we opened to the public for just a month that year, 1984,
in July, our driest month, because our children said they didn't want our guests to
have a miserable wet visit.
I dealt with park business and Liz carried on with the farm work. It soon became clear
that we were on to a winner. We began to extend the railway track and lay it among
more interesting landscape by planting trees, which in turn attracted more wildlife,
and by making cuttings through the rock.
Nowadays we're open all year round and we're pleased to say that Wimridge is one of
the most popular visitor attractions in the area, with 50,000 visitors a year. A million
and a half people have been through our door since we opened. That is the end of
Part 3. Now you have 5 minutes to check your answers and transfer your answers
onto the answer sheet.

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 Listening Test 6

Direction:

Part 1
Question 1: How will Mary travel to Scotland?
A: Are you taking the train to Scotland tomorrow, Mary?
B: No, I'm driving there. It's cheaper.
A: Why don't you go by coach?
B: Oh no, it takes 7 hours.
Question 2: Where are the shoes?
A: Mum, have you seen my brown shoes?
B: Yes, they're under the table.
A: No, they're not. I left them on the chair this morning, but they're not there now.
B: There they are, under the window.
Question 3: When will the football match start next week?
A: Does the football match start at quarter past 12 every week?
B: No, it was early this week. It usually begins at 2 o'clock.
A: So, it'll be the usual time next week.
B: Yes.
Question 4: What is the man selling?

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And this is the latest model by MacPoint. You'll find it's even quicker at doing your
washing up and needs less water. And it's very easy to use. As easy as turning on
your shower.

Question 5: What is the weather forecast for tomorrow?

It's been typical spring weather today, sunshine and showers. The next 24 hours
should be dry but cloudy. Things look better for the next week, with Monday being a
fine sunny day and the following day mild but windy.
Question 6: Where will the woman go first after work?
A: Are you and Sarah going straight to the restaurant from work tonight?
B: Actually, I'm leaving work early because I need to do some shopping in the market
and I'm going to meet Sarah after that outside the cinema. She doesn't know where
the restaurant is, you see. You're playing tennis after work, aren't you?
A: Yes. So, I'll see you at the restaurant.
Question 7: What can festival visitors see every day?
The Arts Centre in London is holding a festival of Irish culture from the 4th to the 12th
of April. An exhibition of paintings is open daily and on some weekday evenings the
theatre has special events including plays and films. At the weekend, concerts of Irish
music will take place in the Town Hall.
Question 8: What souvenir will the boy's mother bring?
A: What colour T-shirt shall I bring you from New York, Fred?
B: I'd prefer black but actually a baseball cap would be a good idea.
A: Hmm. What about another model car for your collection?
B: I could get you a New York taxi.
A: Great! I really like the sports car you bought me last time.

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Part 2:
Conversation 1:
A: In today's programme, David Green has come along to tell us (6:13) all about
Waterside Shopping Centre near Northport. Good morning, David.
B: Good morning. Well, I visited Waterside last week, and I think it has something for
everyone and I would recommend it for a day out. It's taken 3 years to build and
finally opened 3 weeks ago, 2 months later than planned. Firstly, getting there. There
are organised coach trips from most towns in the area but they leave early and come
home very late. So I drove. There are 12,000 free parking spaces so parking is no
problem. You can also get there by train but the station is 15 minutes from Waterside
by bus and the buses are really crowded so you sometimes have a long wait.
A: And what about opening times?
B: Well, one thing to remember is that the shops don't open till 10 in the morning
except on Saturday when they open at 9. So don't get there too early on a weekday.
They close at 8 o'clock every day except Friday when they're open until 9pm.
A: Can you tell us some more about the facilities at the shopping centre?
B: Yes, it's arranged on 3 levels. You'll find all your favourites here. In fact, if you want
to buy a pair of shoes there are 15 different shops to choose from on levels 1 and 2.
When you run out of money, there are seven different banks but collect your money
before you get to the third level as there aren't any banks up there.
On that level, however, there are several restaurants as well as a cinema with seven
screens. And don't get lost like I did. Go to the information desk on the first level and
get a map.
A: What else can you do at Waterside?
B: Before you go back to your car or the bus and in fact it might be better to do this
before you go shopping and have too much to carry to go and see the lake. Take a
walk or have a go at fishing, sailing or windsurfing if you have time or you can rest
your tired feet and watch the birds and ducks. But you are asked not to feed.

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Conversation 2:
A: OK. Now I understand that the park is involved in one or two projects at the
moment.
B: That's right. Since 1994 we've been working with various partners to raise money
and help coordinate something called Project Life Lion. This project involves sending
teams to villages which border the Serengeti National Park in East Africa to vaccinate
domestic dogs against canine distemper virus, CDV, and rabies. In 1994 over one third
of the Serengeti lions died as a result of CDV which had passed from domestic dogs
to the wild animal population. In addition to that we are currently taking part in the
Atlantic Rainforest Project and supporting the Community Conservation Project. .
A: So you're obviously concerned about environmental issues.
B: The park continuously monitors its environmental impact. To do that we have our
own independently written Environmental Management System which is now being
used as a model by other organisations across the UK so that they can establish their
own.
A: Now apart from the day-to-day business of visitors to the park you also put on
events, don't you?
B: Yes. The park is a venue for all manner of corporate events such as product
launches, team building, special events, barbecues. The list is endless. And we play
host to many charity and fundraising events each year. For them we are happy to help
with discounted tickets and competition prizes.
A: Now tell me about the Centre for Television and Radio Training. I gather you're
connected with that?
B: Yes. It's our sister company. If you've always dreamed of being a radio presenter
we offer you the opportunity to take the first steps.

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Conversation 3:
A: Hello?
A: Hi.
B: It's Laura Carlton here. We've just arrived at the Holiday Flat but I can't get the hot
water and heating to work.
A: Oh right. That's easy. Don't worry. In the upstairs cupboard you'll find the water
heater. You'll see three main controls on the left at the bottom of the heater. The first
one, the round one on the far left is the most important one for the heating and hot
water. It's the main control switch.
Make sure it's in the on position. The switch itself doesn't light up but the little square
below will be black if the switch is off. That's probably what's happened. It's got
switched off by mistake. The middle one of these three controls you'll see it's slightly
larger than the first one controls the radiators. If you feel cold while you're there and
need the radiators on this needs to be turned to maximum.
The last of the three controls, the one on the right is usually on about a number four
setting which for the water in the taps is usually quite hot enough. Below the heating
controls in the middle is a small round plastic button. If there isn't enough water in
the pipes sometimes the heater goes out. If this happens, you'll need to press this
button to reset the heater. Hold it in for about five seconds and the heater should
come on again. Then there's a little square indicator under the third knob that's a kind
of alarm light. It'll flash if you need to reset the heater.
B: It sounds complicated.
B: I'm sure you won't have any problems with it. There should be some more
instructions on the side of the heater. Call me back if you can't make it work.
A: Okay.

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Part 3
Talk 1:
Right, everyone. About the trip to the Jubilee Arts Centre next Wednesday. As you
know we have tickets for the centre's two theatres and the concert hall. Those of you
with concert tickets will hear piano music by Chopin and Schumann. Those with tickets
for the main theatre will see Shakespeare's Twelfth Night. While people going to the
smaller theatre will see The Wild Duck by Ibsen.

Although all the theatre and concert tickets have gone, if anyone else would like to
join us on the trip, I can get tickets for the Arts Centre Cinema to see the Australian
comedy film Spider and Rose. The shows begin at half past seven, but we'll leave early
so you can spend time looking round the Arts Centre. The coach will leave here at
3.30 and arrive at the Arts Centre at about a quarter to five.

Let me tell you what you can do there. The centre has a lot for art lovers. In the art
gallery there's an exhibition of the history of Russian ballet. It has dresses and shoes
worn by famous dancers and photos of past performances. With your student card
you can get in very cheaply. There are also some interesting free exhibitions.

On the ground floor you can see prize winning paintings from a children's competition
and gold jewellery made by Scottish artists. On the first floor there's an exhibition of
South American photographs and there's no charge for that either. I know some of

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you hope to do some shopping. The centre has a bookshop on the first floor and
there's a souvenir shop by the ticket office. If you're more interested in clothes and
shoes, there's a large shopping centre five minutes’ walk from the Arts Centre.

You'll probably want to eat before the show. The balcony restaurant has a menu with
a wide range of meals and waiter service, but it is rather expensive. Or there's the
fountain restaurant, whose special three-course dinner is good value for money.
There's also Charlie's Coffee Bar, which serves coffee, sandwiches and cakes. You can
get fruit juices and ice cream from the cinema kiosk.

After the shows, the coach will pick us up at the Bridge Street exit. Everyone should
be there by twenty past ten. The two plays will finish at around 10.10 or 10.15. I'm
afraid concertgoers will have to wait as the concert finishes earlier at 10.00 to 10.00.

Talk 2:
A: And now for a few tips for those of you who are going to go walking this summer.
Let's look first of all at the type of bag that you should take with you. Rod Smith works
in a shop that sells camping equipment and he feels he has a bag for every type of
walking holiday.
Rod, does it really make a difference what type of bag you use?

B: Yes, Jill, it certainly does. Bags come in every shape, colour and size now, so it
makes sense to pick one that is right for your needs. A backpack, for example, could
quite rapidly ruin an otherwise good walking holiday if it doesn't fit your back. In fact,
the fit is critical. But the choice is so large now that it's difficult to know how to make
the right one. So here are a few things to look for.

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First of all, size. A bag that holds 35 litres and has three outside pockets should be
plenty big enough for a day trip. For a four-to-five-day walking tour, I would
recommend a bag that holds 70 litres for a man and 50 to 60 litres for a woman.
That's along with a tent and a sleeping bag. An upright bag, that's one that closes at
the top, is better if you intend to climb a lot of hills.

What about the contents? Well, in order to really avoid the inconvenience of broken
containers or crushed clothes, I suggest you go for a bag with a solid bottom. The
best ones, but these are probably the most expensive, have a leather base that's
particularly resistant to wear and tear. A bag that has two compartments inside will
allow you to find things more easily and separate out items such as creams that could
leak in hot weather. Extra pockets on the outside of the bag are also useful if you
want to carry any tools for climbing that are sharp or get dirty when you use them.

Then you have to think about carrying your bag. If it's a backpack, a wide cushioned
belt will ease the strain on your back and hips and leave you with more energy for
your walking activities. Shoulder straps also help lighten the load and these should be
easy to adjust. There are many different types of strap on the market that can be
adjusted in various different ways. Try several and compare them. It's also a good
idea to make sure there's a horizontal bar that goes across your shoulders and stops
the straps from falling off.

Well, if you choose your bag carefully and think about some of the things I've
mentioned, you shouldn't waste your money. Finally, make sure there are plenty of
air holes in the padded part of your bag that touches your body. These are essential
to allow sweat to escape and to make your walking or climbing holiday a comfortable
one.Time will show if it is a good idea or something that should be left in the past.

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Talk 3:
Thank you all for coming to my talk this evening. It's nice to see so many people in
the audience. For those of you who don't know very much about PS Camping, let me
start by giving you some background information about the company.

The company started 25 years ago. It actually opened as a retail chain selling camping
equipment and then, 20 years ago, it bought a small number of campsites in the UK
and began offering camping holidays. The company grew rapidly and has been
providing holidays in continental Europe for the last 15 years.

If you book a camping holiday with us, you'll have a choice of over 300 sites. In Italy,
we now have some 64 sites that we either own or have exclusive use of. France is
where we have the majority of sites and we currently have a project to expand into
Switzerland.

We also have a number of sites in northern Spain, particularly in the mountainous

region of Picos de Europa. We've upgraded all these Spanish sites and improved them
considerably from their original three-star rating. We believe our holidays offer superb
facilities for the whole family.

Parents who want their children to be fully occupied for all or part of the day can take
advantage of our children's activities. These are organised by our well-qualified and
enthusiastic staff. Each day kicks off with a sports match, perhaps football or
volleyball, followed by an hour of drama for everyone.

This may include singing or dancing, mime or other activities. In the afternoon, there's
a different art activity for each day of the week, including a poster competition or
model-making. What's more, our sites are truly child-friendly and with this in mind,
we operate a no-noise rule in the evenings.

Children's evening activities usually finish at 9.30 or occasionally 10 and from 10.30,
holidaymakers are expected to be quiet in the areas where there are tents. We want

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nothing to go wrong on a PS Camping holiday, but if it does, we also want all our
customers to be insured. If you haven't organised an annual insurance policy of your
own, you'll need to take out the low-cost cover we offer and we require that you
arrange this when you make your holiday reservation.

There are many advantages to choosing PS Camping and to recommending it to

others. As a regular customer, you'll be kept informed of special offers and your friends
can benefit from 10% off their holiday or book a luxury tent for the price of a standard
one. In return, we'll send you a thank-you present, which you can choose from a list
of high-quality items.

Page | 66
 Listening Test 7

Direction:

Part 1
Question 1: What is the purpose of the message?
Good afternoon, I'm calling for Julie Gibbs. This is Donald Carson from Dr. Kim's office.
I just wanted to confirm your appointment for your annual physical checkup on Friday,
June 27 at 3 o'clock. The checkup shouldn't last longer than an hour and a half. Since
this is your first visit with Dr. Kim, we'd like you to come to the clinic about 20 minutes
early so that we can create a file for you. If you cannot make the appointment, please
contact the office and let us know at least a day in advance. Thanks.
Question 2: What is being advertised?
Do you need a way to relieve your stress? Whether you're looking for a full-time
membership or just a day of relaxation, Istanbul Spa has something for youWe have
several different services for all your treatment needs. This week we're offering a full-
day service, including a full-body massage, aromatherapy, and a facial for just one
low price. You can also enjoy our hospitality with a healthy and refreshing beverage
at our tea lounge.
Question 3: According to the announcement, what will be built near Berryville?
I am very pleased to announce that city leaders in Berryville have finally approved a
proposal to enlarge the airport on Hathor Road. We have given the building contract

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to Heaton Construction. The new terminal will join our older, existing facilities.
Berryville's population has been growing at a rapid rate over the past 15 years, due
to the addition of a local university and the recent expansion of several businesses.
Question 4: Who is this announcement probably for?
This announcement is for all Assembly Line employees. Please make sure to check
your work schedule as soon as you arrive in the morning to see where you will be
working for the day. You will need to sign in by putting your signature in the space by
your name. After that, please check the announcement board next to the manager's
office for any daily notices. Finally, don't forget to pick up your protective aprons and
glasses from the safety area.

Question 5: What is the purpose of the message?

Hi Rose, this is Dorothy calling from the Personnel Department. I just wanted to know
if you are free to join us for dinner tonight. A few of us will be leaving the office around
5.30 and going to the Thai restaurant. Our new colleague Sophia is coming as well.
Anyway, if you'd like to join us, just meet us downstairs in front of the building at
about 5. Sophia and I will be taking my car, and you are more than welcome to ride
with us. Anyway, I hope to see you later. Bye!
Question 6: What is the purpose of the message?
Hello Mr. Nakamura, this is Eric Parkman, Manager of the Personnel Department for
Linderman Enterprises. We received your resume last week for the accounting position
in our shipping department. I was very impressed with your experience and education.
I would like to schedule an interview at our office on Friday, April 29th at 10 o'clock.
Please give me a call and let me know if the time is good for you. Thank you!

Question 7: What is this message about??

Thank you for calling the Tower Place Security Department. This office will be closing
at 11 a.m. Wednesday morning as we relocate to the 10th floor. All security officers
will be on duty during this time. The 10th floor office will be open at 9 a.m. Thursday.
Please contact the security officer on duty, Roy Williams, at 555-7251 if you need to
speak with security personnel after 11 on Wednesday. Thank you!
Question 8: Who is the speaker?

Page | 68
Staff members of Winton Property Development welcome to the 8th Annual Top
Achievers Awards Dinner. When I founded Winton Property Development 13 years
ago, I knew that I alone could not make the company the success that it is today. I
knew that it would take people like you to help me achieve that goal. The reason why
I host this dinner every year is to express my deep appreciation to everyone for
working so hard for the continued growth of this company.

Part 2:
Conversation 1:
A: Mr Stone, this is Susan White from the Speedy Medical Centre. I am calling to
remind you that you have an appointment with Dr Johnson tomorrow at 11.
B: Ah, yes, thank you for reminding me. You know, if you hadn't called, I would have
completely forgotten all about it. Yes, I've been so busy lately
A: Well, we call all of our clients a day before their scheduled appointment. Anyway,
please get here 10 minutes before your appointment, since there are some forms that
you have to fill out. Also, don't forget to bring your insurance information.
B: OK, I will remember to bring it with me.

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Conversation 2:
A: I just read an article in the paper about the medical conference being held in the
city this weekend. I'm really looking forward to going there.
B: Really? I am thinking of going as well. I really want to listen to the talk on that
study about soybeans. A lot of my patients have been mentioning it to me lately.
A: Yes, my patients have been asking me about it too. Hey, do you want to go together
this Saturday?
B: Alright, my in-laws are coming for a visit this Sunday, so Saturday will be perfect.

Conversation 3:
A: I think the customer was quite satisfied with the service we provided.
A: Yes, I think he was especially happy because he thought the warranty had expired.
He managed to get the repair done at no cost to him.
B: Well, I am glad that we were able to help a good customer. You know, it's customers
like that who will continue to come back to our store.
A: Yes, I agree with you. I think it's very important that we try to keep all of our
customers happy.

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Part 3
Talk 1:
A: Hi there. I was looking for information about becoming a political science major.
B: Sure. We have some brochures right here.
A: Thanks, but could I ask you a few questions?
B: No problem. Fire away.
A: Are there many requirements for political science?
B: Uh, not really. Just, you must take political science one and two, a general history
class and a physics class. I thought you had to take economics, too. Not for the general
political science program. But there are a couple of specialized programs that have
additional requirements.
A: Oh, really? What are they?
B: Well, there is the international relations program. It is more interdisciplinary, so it
requires economics and a second history credit. The two history credits have to be in
different regions. There is also the honors political science program. To get into that,
you need to take the same economics class as the international relations program and
a special political science seminar. And you need to maintain over a B average in all
those required courses.
A: Wow, that sounds difficult.
B: Yeah, not many people are qualified for the honors program. That's why it's
considered more prestigious, I guess.
A: Is that all?
B: No. Well, you also have to complete this form listing all the political science and
related credits you have already taken or plan to take and get the department chair
to sign off on it.
A: Ugh, this is really a lot of work.
B: Yeah, but everyone has to do it. It's not different from any other majors. The
department wants to know that you've thought about your major carefully and
thoroughly and that all the students are being realistic in their expectations.

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Talk 2:
A: Hey, Clara, got a minute?
B: Oh, hi, Will. Sure, I've got plenty of time. What's the matter?
A: Did you see the poster saying that our debate club meeting tonight had been
moved?
B: Oh, yes. You didn't get the email?
A: My computer hasn't been working these few days, so I can't get access to mailbox.
Anyway, why has it been moved?
B: That whole wing of the student union building is getting repainted today, so it's off
limits until the paint dries, vented properly, and the workers clean everything up.
A: It's about time. The club offices and the student building have been looking run
down for quite a while now. A new paint job would do them a world of good
B: And the rooms are going to be repainted in a lighter color, too. That old paint was
too dark and depressing.
A: A lighter color would help everything look bigger, too. Our debate club could use
that.
B: Yeah, but we need more than just light paint. We've grown too big for that little
room. We really need to move into a bigger place. Any chance of that happening?
A: Not that I know of. Except for tonight, that is. Just for this once. We'll be meeting
downstairs in Turner Auditorium.
B: That place is huge. Way too big for us.
A: I know, but it was the only place available tonight. And it was either there or else
cancel the meeting altogether.
B: I guess it's better than canceling. Although, to be honest, I could use another week
to prepare for my speech. I've been really busy with my classes lately.
First of all, size. A bag that holds 35 litres and has three outside pockets should be
plenty big enough for a day trip. For a four-to-five-day walking tour, I would
recommend a bag that holds 70 litres for a man and 50 to 60 litres for a woman.

Page | 72
That's along with a tent and a sleeping bag. An upright bag, that's one that closes at
the top, is better if you intend to climb a lot of hills.

What about the contents? Well, in order to really avoid the inconvenience of broken
containers or crushed clothes, I suggest you go for a bag with a solid bottom. The
best ones, but these are probably the most expensive, have a leather base that's
particularly resistant to wear and tear. A bag that has two compartments inside will
allow you to find things more easily and separate out items such as creams that could
leak in hot weather. Extra pockets on the outside of the bag are also useful if you
want to carry any tools for climbing that are sharp or get dirty when you use them.

Then you have to think about carrying your bag. If it's a backpack, a wide cushioned
belt will ease the strain on your back and hips and leave you with more energy for
your walking activities. Shoulder straps also help lighten the load and these should be
easy to adjust. There are many different types of strap on the market that can be
adjusted in various different ways. Try several and compare them. It's also a good
idea to make sure there's a horizontal bar that goes across your shoulders and stops
the straps from falling off.

Well, if you choose your bag carefully and think about some of the things I've
mentioned, you shouldn't waste your money. Finally, make sure there are plenty of
air holes in the padded part of your bag that touches your body. These are essential
to allow sweat to escape and to make your walking or climbing holiday a comfortable
one.Time will show if it is a good idea or something that should be left in the past.

Talk 3:

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Science fiction is very popular these days, in books, in movies, and on TV.
Unfortunately, popular science fiction is often a lot more fiction and not so much
science.
One of the most common problems is science fiction's fascination with faster-than-
light travel. We know that is impossible as it violates Einstein's basic theory of space
and time. But on Star Trek and other science fiction shows, spaceships jump from star
to star and galaxy to galaxy like you or I might want to drive to another city.
In truth, the closest star to Earth, Proxima Centauri, is over three light-years away.
That means traveling at the speed of light, the fastest speed anyone theoretically
could travel. It would take three years to make it to our nearest neighbor.
Other stars and galaxies are routinely thousands and millions of light-years away,
making intergalactic travel an impossibility. Even if we grant that such space travel
somehow was possible, there is no shortage of other errors in popular science fiction.
In Star Wars and other films, spaceships swoop across the screen with their engines
emitting a great roar. However, since space is a void, sound waves cannot travel.
There is no sound in space. It is utterly silent.
Gravity is another mystery in these films. Gravity depends mostly on mass. Spaceships
are tiny compared to the mass of Earth. In space, there should be practically no
gravity. And yet people in science fiction routinely walk around on their spaceships in
space as comfortably as they would on Earth. That said, there have been a few, scarce
films that bothered to portray the science of spaceflight somewhat realistically.
In 2001, A Space Odyssey, the ship must rotate to create artificial gravity. Outside the
spaceship there is total silence. And the voyage from Earth to Jupiter takes many
months. But such films are the exception, not the rule. While science fiction may be
enjoyable, you should look elsewhere to learn about science.

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 Listening Test 8

Direction:

Part 1
Question 1:
Hello, this is Gloria with Dr. Baum's office. This is a reminder of your dental
appointment for Thursday, May 22nd at 1pm. Since you have several cavities to fill,
please allow yourself at least 3 hours for the visit.
Question 2: Why has the meeting been relocated?
Because the South Tower is undergoing renovations, the design team meeting
scheduled for tomorrow morning has been moved to the North Tower conference
room on the 12th floor. The meeting will still be held at 10.
Question 3: What is the main cause of decreased domestic sales?
Unfortunately, I must report that domestic sales have dropped by 17% over the last
two quarters. Although the sluggish domestic economy is a factor, the primary cause
of this worrying development is increasing competition in the retail clothing sector.
Question 4: What should the listeners do before they skate?
This weekend is the first outing of the inline skating club for this season. Remember,
you are not allowed to skate with the club unless you wear an approved safety helmet.
You can ask Rhea, the safety coordinator, if you are unsure about your gear.
Question 5: What profession does the speaker work in?

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As a woman and sports announcer, I'm often approached about giving speeches on
women in sports.
Question 6: What is the purpose of Ricardo's visit?
Ricardo will be here in the U.S. for three months observing some of the managerial
techniques and procedures we use at this office.
Question 7: What kind of business would be making this announcement?
In order to improve customer service, we will be initiating a customer satisfaction
survey. The survey will focus on several different areas, including courtesy and
promptness by waiters or waitresses, cleanliness, and food quality and selection.
Question 8: Why has confidence increased?
Investor confidence was bolstered by government data, inflation rose by barely two-
tenths of one percent last quarter, meaning that the national bank is unlikely to raise
interest rates.

Part 2:
Conversation 1:
A: Our copier has been acting strangely today. Could you come and take a look at it
for us?
B: OK, but did you check to see if any paper is jammed inside?
A: Yes, I did, but that's not the problem. I think the problem may be more serious.
B: All right, but I have to run across town this morning to fix a machine there, so I
don't think I can make it to your office until after lunch.

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Conversation 2:
A: Hi there. I'm having trouble finding this certain book on medieval German nobility.
B: Let me check on the computer. Hmm, it appears that we don't have it.
A: Oh, no. It was really important for an essay I'm working on right now.
B: Well, we have a central computer system that is connected to the other university
libraries in the state. I can search them all to see where your book is, then order it
from the nearest university. You could borrow it from another library.
A: That would be great. How long will it take?
B: We can usually get a book here in two or three days, but the lending period is
shorter than for a normal book, only ten days instead of two weeks. And if you're late
returning books from other libraries, the overdue fine is a lot larger.
A: I won't be late, but does it cost anything to sign out books from other libraries?
B: Not for up to five books, any more than that, and you would have to pay a small
service charge.

Conversation 3:
A: What's the matter, Jane?
B: Oh, I was supposed to meet James for a study session at four, but he's late.
A: James is like that. I always give myself an extra 15 minutes or so whenever I have
an appointment with him.
A: That's not a bad idea. I'd like to have him waiting for me for a change.

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B: Yeah, some people are just irresponsible like that. I remember once he was actually
late for the exam, nearly 20 minutes late, and he just comes walking in like there's
nothing wrong. He wasn't worried or anything.
A: I can't imagine myself being like that. I always leave myself extra time just to make
sure I'm always ready and on time.
B: Oh, there he comes now.
A: It's about time.
B: How long are you guys planning on studying?
A: Pretty late. We have a big chemistry test tomorrow, and I'm really behind.
B: Well, maybe I'll see you later. I have to get some work done at the library, too.

Part 3
Talk 1:
A: Can you believe Professor Kensington postponed the due date for the term paper
this morning? It's unbelievable.
B: Yeah, it was crazy. I've been spending days and nights learning all the different
subjects in the computer lab writing up that paper. I only did that because he kept on
emphasizing that he won't take any paper that's not in his office by noon today.
A: I heard that too. Jessica and I stayed up half the night trying to finish it. I think it
was three o'clock in the morning when we finally had the third draft. I barely had any
sleep.

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B: You had Jessica to help you? At least you had someone to proofread your paper
and help you with the research. It was a nightmare for me. I didn't even have time to
proofread my paper.
A: Well, I'm really upset that Professor Kensington was so inconsiderate. Don't you
agree?
B: I guess it was a hasty change, but I think he did it for us students.
B: You really didn't get enough sleep, did you? You're not thinking straight. I can't
possibly see how I can understand his hasty decision that way.
A: Well, as much as I'm unhappy with his last-minute decision, I think he did it so that
we could have one more chance to look over our work before turning it in. Besides,
an extension of two days isn't going to change anything drastic in our papers.
B: I suppose. Still, I would have had more time to study for the calculus exam, which
was today, if I hadn't had to spend so much time and energy on that paper.
A: Oh, well. At least he didn't tell us to hand it in earlier.
B: That's right. Anyway, I'm not going to spend another two days on the assignment.
I'm handing it in after the next class.

Talk 2:
A: Professor Atkins, could I get some help with my chemistry lab?
B: Certainly, Julie. What's the problem? Are you having trouble understanding some
of the experiments?
A: Oh, no, I understand the experiment. Perhaps I only think that I understand it.
B: What do you mean? Do you or don't you?
A: Well, I tried the latest experiment by myself, based on what I understood from
your lectures and lab session, but I seem to come up with really different results from
what the textbook indicates I should be getting.

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B: That certainly is a possibility. Remember, the textbook tends to give you an ideal
explanation of the experiments, but in real life, any number of factors can cause you
to get results that might not be the ideal or preferred outcome.
A: Oh, that's good. So, any result is acceptable?
B: No, of course there is a range. For this particular experiment, I'd expect your answer
to be within, let's see now, perhaps 4 or 5 percent of the textbook.
A: Really? My answer was nearly 10 percent off. Wouldn't that be all right?
B: I'm sorry, but that would be a problem. If your answer were that far from the
proper answer, and say that even if you could explain the difference, I would have to
lower your grade significantly.
A: I see. All right. I guess I'm going to have to redo it. I want to do well in your class
and can't afford to get a bad grade.
B: Very good, but you'll have to hurry. The lab is due Friday, and I won't be giving
any extensions.
A: Oh, I was hoping...
B: Yes?
A: Oh, it's nothing. Well, could you please sign a permission slip for me to use the lab
after hours? I only have time during late evenings this weekend.
B: Sure, I'll do that for you right now. Here you go. And a tip. Before you start the
experiment, wipe the test tubes with alcohol. There might be unwanted residue inside
that might be affecting the result.

Talk 3:
If you look at the location of Alaska on the map, you can see that it is bordered by
Canada on the east, the Arctic Ocean on the north, the Bering Strait and Bering Sea
to the east, and the Gulf of Alaska. Wait a minute. Sorry about that.

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To the west, and the Gulf of Alaska to the south. And as you can see on the map,
Alaska has a greater land area than California and Texas combined. Now, although
there are many cities in Alaska, the population is so low that an average number of
students in a middle school classroom is only about ten.
You can imagine many desolate small towns scattered around Alaska. It's probably
because roads and railways serve only certain portions of the state. So it's natural that
Alaskans rely heavily on airplanes for transportation, since many parts of Alaska are
accessible only via air.
Well, of course, there is a railway operating between Fairbanks, a relatively big city in
central Alaska, and Seward, a city on the southern coast. It is much more popular
than the only major highway in Alaska, the Alaska Highway, which is open throughout
the year. Not that there's much traffic.
One does not need to venture far to understand the reason for its sparse population.
Even though cold climate and other factors make most of Alaska a less-than-desirable
location for farming, agriculture is conducted in a few areas between Fairbanks and
the southern coast. Most of the food Alaskans need, however, must be imported from
outside the state.
Also, Alaska is subject to strong earthquakes and occasional volcanic activity. Your
textbook describes the explosion of the Alaskan volcano Mount Katmai in the early
20th century as one of the most famous and violent volcanic eruptions in history. I
strongly suggest you read up on that chapter, as we'll be touching on some of that
the next time.
Anyway, where was I? Oh yes, earthquakes. These occasional earthquakes generate
seismic sea waves called tsunamis. As you may have heard, these waves can reach
far inland and destroy communities along the shore. It wasn't much different from the
terrible tsunami of 2004.

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 Listening Test 9

Direction:

Part 1
Question 1: Why is the speaker apologizing?
Your attention please. The library will be closing at 3 o'clock today, in order to add
new books and periodicals to its collection. Due to the need to take accurate inventory,
we cannot allow books to be checked out today. We apologize for any inconvenience
this may cause.
Question 2: Why would Daniel Juergens like to reschedule the meeting?
Hello Mr. Thompson, this is Daniel Juergens in the Finance Division. I am calling about
the upcoming meeting with the representatives of Shoal Barrier Associates. If you are
free, we would like to move the meeting forward by one week. The main reason for
this is that we need to wrap up the purchase as quickly as possible. Please get back
to me about this as soon as you can.
Question 3: Why will the Information Technology Division be relocating earlier?
Beginning Wednesday, June 3rd, we will be temporarily relocating to the third floor of
our Capital Cities Branch downtown. Before the full relocation, the Information
Technology Section will be moving to the Capital Cities Branch on May 20th. This step
will be necessary with the disruption of network service caused by the construction
work.

Page | 82
Question 4: What is the message mainly about?
Hello Mrs. Hartman, this is Andy Sinton with Premier Design Interiors. I have a few
questions about your recent furniture order. A number of the items you requested are
not in stock at the moment. However, we are able to offer you very similar products
that can be shipped right away. Please let me know if you are interested in this.
Question 5: What is the purpose of the talk?
Okay everyone, I asked you all to come today so that you know the schedule for the
next four months. As I'm sure you all have heard, we recently received a major
contract from Confederated Enterprises. However, we're really going to have to rush
in order to meet the deadline in four months. So, I have broken down the tasks that
need to be accomplished by each department and will be assigning them to you. After
I give out your department's tasks, I'd like you to create a plan showing how you'll be
able to complete the assignments by the deadline. I'll need those work plans emailed
to me by this Friday.
Question 6: Who most likely is the speaker?
Good evening. This message is for Marty from Clara Clayton. I'm just calling to let you
know that I may have found an office space that might be exactly what you're looking
for. It has six executive offices and a conference room. The only problem is that it
isn't as close to the subway station as you wanted. However, it is in a waterfront
building, so the view is quite spectacular. The rent is $8,000 a month, so if you're
interested, give me a call and I can arrange for us to have a look at it today with the
landlord. I might not be in the office, so please call me on my mobile. Thanks a lot,
Marty. I'll speak with you soon.
Question 7: What will be provided for the travelers?
May I have your attention, please? Due to severe weather conditions, all outgoing
flights after 7 p.m. on Europeo Airlines to Milan have been canceled. This includes the
7.30 flight as well. The next available flight to Milan-Malpensa International will be
tomorrow morning at 8 o'clock. We apologize for the inconvenience and will be offering
hotel accommodations and shuttle bus service to those passengers who require them.
For further information, please go to the Europeo Airlines counter. Thanks for your
patience and understanding.
Question 8: What is the celebration for?

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It is my great privilege to welcome you all to this evening's anniversary celebration.
In just over a decade, we have become one of the most reputable names in the
American office supplies industry. It is largely because of your efforts that we have
made such tremendous strides

Part 2:
Conversation 1:
A: Did you find out when the plumber is going to be here to fix the broken pipe?
B: Yes, I called at 1 o'clock, and he said he was tied up in another building and would
be here by 2.
A: Okay, it's 10 minutes to 2 right now. Could you do me a favor and make sure the
work goes smoothly when he gets here? I have to step out of the office to meet a
client, but should be back by 4 o'clock.
B: Okay, I will see you later.

Conversation 2:
A: John, are you planning to go to Chicago to attend the big conference tomorrow? I
heard it's going to be great.

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B: Well, I really want to, but I can't. I just came back from a business trip in Europe,
so I have so much work piled up on my desk.
A: I'm sorry to hear that. Tell you what, I'll take my video camera with me, and I will
film the speeches you'd like to see.
B: Oh, that would be great. Thanks, Susan.

Conversation 3:
A: Have you sent out the shipment of computers to the electronics shop yet? The
owner just called and said he needs them within the hour.
B: The truck left 10 minutes ago, so it should arrive at the store in the next 15 minutes.
Do you want me to check to see where the driver is now?
A: That's okay, so long as it has left, it'll be fine. Now, could you do me a favor and
get those boxes loaded onto the truck parked over there?
A: Okay, I will take care of that right away.

Part 3
Talk 1:
Okay, class, I want to talk to you about the Cold War today. Now, the Cold War wasn't
just one single war. It was actually a long time of aggression.

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It, um, it lasted about 50 years. Anyway, the Cold War was mainly between the US
and the USSR. That was Russia's old name. They had different opinions on just about
everything. Oh, and Joseph Stalin, who we have talked about before, was the leader
of the USSR at the start of the Cold War.
Anyway, there was a lot of suspicion during the Cold War. But the US and the USSR
never actually fought each other. This is because both countries had nuclear weapons,
so they were afraid of each other.
They didn't want to destroy the whole world. And that might have happened, if they'd
fought each other. But instead of fighting, they showed their different opinions by
competing with each other.
For example, they made their militaries bigger, and they raced each other to see who
could get a person in space first. Stuff like that. But a lot of the problems were political.
The two countries were very different, and so they couldn't get along. This is what
caused the Cold War.

Talk 2:
OK, yesterday we read about Georges Seurat. Now, many people would like to paint
like Seurat, but very few people can.
He invented a very precise way of painting. It looks different and is hard to do because
it is so exact. There were various styles of painting, but Seurat decided to make a
painting that was as precise as possible.
The first difference was that Seurat took a lot of time to prepare before he painted.
He planned his paintings very carefully. He made many drawings to decide on the best
way to reproduce the scene. He worked for many hours before he started to paint.
With this style, you have to have a clear purpose. With other styles at this time, they
had very little time to prepare.

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Now, the second difference was that he used pure colors. He understood that the eye
would blend the colors. He knew that if he painted red next to yellow, the eye would
see orange.
Why didn't he just mix the paints like other artists? Wouldn't that have been easier?
Yes, but using pure colors made the painting very bright.
Now, as you know, the biggest difference was that Seurat didn't use brush strokes.
He painted tiny dots, one at a time. Millions and millions of dots, and some of his
paintings were very big. Can you imagine how long this took? One painting took two
years.
Of course, that didn't mean that Seurat was a better painter. All the well-known
painters back then were very good, and made beautiful paintings. But, Seurat was
very proud of his different way of painting. He felt that this new style represented
people and nature very well.

Talk 3:
Today, we're going to talk about snakes. Can you imagine eating a snake? Me neither.
But there are creatures that do.
This is a problem for snakes. So, how do they solve this problem? They have to protect
themselves. Let's look at three types of snakes.
The rattlesnake, spitting cobra, and hognose snake. They all have unique ways of
protecting themselves. The rattlesnake solves this problem in a unique way. You see,
rattlesnakes are born with small beads on their tails. As an average snake gets older,
it grows more beads. These beads rub together and make a rattling sound.
Okay, so when does the rattlesnake make this noise? When it thinks an animal might
attack it. It cannot shield itself, so it tries to scare the creature by rattling its tail.
The spitting cobra has another way to protect itself. What does it do? It sprays poison
from its mouth. No, it sprays it into the eyes of the creature that is attacking it. This

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is very effective because eyes are sensitive. The spray stops the creature from seeing,
and the snake gets away.
Next, we have the hognose snake. It's less aggressive. So, what does it do? The
hognose snake plays dead. That's right. It will twist and roll like it's dying. Then it will
lie still on its back. The snake will even hang its tongue out of its mouth. Can you
believe that? So by playing dead, it actually survives.

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 Listening Test 10

Direction:

Part 1
Question 1: What does the caller ask Ms. Cook to do?
Hi Ms. Cook, this is the village clinic calling to remind you about your appointment on
Thursday at 4 o'clock. Please remember to bring your medical insurance card when
you come for your appointment.
Question 2: Who is Sachiko Suzuki?
Hello Mr. Forrester, this is Sachiko Suzuki calling from Human Resources at Kitano
Electronics. If you are available, we would like you to come in for an interview on
Friday at 9 o'clock. Please give me a call and let me know if you can come at this time.
Question 3: What is the listener asked to do?
Hello, this is Jenny Jones from Jones Mobile Repairs. I'm calling to give you an update
on the repair of your mobile phone. Unfortunately, we will have to replace the speaker
in your phone. Please call me back at 555-1947 to let me know if you want me to
order a new speaker.
Question 4: What is the purpose of this message
Good morning, this is Maria Gray calling from Dilbert Furniture. This message is for
Rebecca Rhodes. I need to speak with her about the number of desks she requested
and want to confirm her order before we ship her purchases.

Page | 89
Question 5: What is the main purpose of the call?
This is Julie calling from the Stylista Hair Salon. I'm trying to reach Mr. Andrews
concerning the interview we scheduled for this afternoon. I'm not feeling well today
so I'm afraid I'll have to cancel our meeting. However, we are very interested in your
application for our hairstylist position. I hope to be back in the office tomorrow. So
please call my secretary and let her know if you are available to meet with me
tomorrow.
Question 6: What is Ms. Kim asked to do?
Hello Ms. Kim. This is Joe Wong from Romy Office Rentals. I'm calling because we
won't be able to meet the delivery date. Our salesperson made a mistake and ordered
a different photocopier from what you requested. If we rush, we could deliver it to
you by Friday night. Can you please call and let me know if someone will be there in
your office? Thanks.
Question 7:
Unfortunately, I must report that domestic sales have dropped by 17% over the last
two quarters. Although the sluggish domestic economy is a factor, the primary cause
of this worrying development is increasing competition in the retail clothing sector.
Question 8:
This weekend is the first outing of the inline skating club for the season.
Remember, you are not allowed to skate with the club unless you wear an approved
safety helmet. You can ask Rhea, the safety coordinator, if you are unsure about your
gear.

Page | 90
Part 2:
Conversation 1:
A: Hi Professor Johnson, can I talk to you?
B: Why, yes Gary.
A: Oh, great. I need some help with my essay. I'm having problems finding good
information other than the things from the lessons, and I'm not very good at taking
notes.
B: Hmm. Okay. Let's talk about finding good information first. Books are the best, but
these days you can look online too.
A: Okay. How do I decide what websites and books to use?
B: Well, with the Internet, you type in a subject and you'll get a list of websites. With
books, do a search on the library computer. It will give a list of useful books. It's very
easy.
A: Wow, that is easy. Okay, then what?
B: Take notes. Don't copy everything. You only need a summary of the information.
With books, sometimes reading the introduction and conclusion first will help you to
decide if it is useful.
A: Yeah, I've been reading a lot, and I always copy down too much.
B: Just take notes that will give you the evidence you need for your essay paragraphs.
Oh, and the organization of your notes is important too. You will have to find your
information again easily.
A: Right, of course. Thanks so much for your help.

Conversation 2:
A: Hi Mr. Baker, could you help me with something?
B: Sure. What can I do for you?

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A: Well, I'd like to check out some library books. I have to do some research for an
essay.
B: I see. Well, you've got two choices. You can either use the self-service machine or
you can take the books to the front desk.
A: Could you explain them both, please?
B: Okay, sure. See that machine that looks like a computer?
A: Yeah.
B: Well, that's the self-service machine. You'll have to scan your student ID card.
A: Wait a second.
B: Did you set up a student library account yet?
A: Yes.
B: Okay, good. Anyway, then you scan the books and the machine will print you a
receipt. The receipt tells you when the books are due back.
A: Oh, that's great. I always forget when my books are due back.
B: Yeah. Just be sure to press your ID and the books on the scanner. It's sensitive
sometimes.
A: Okay, so what's my other checkout choice?
B: You can take your books over to the front desk where the librarian will help you.
A: Oh, that's it? That's easy. Thanks for the help.

Conversation 3:
A: Hello. Do you need help?
B: Hi. Yes, I'm doing research for my history essay, and I'm trying to find a book, but
I'm not sure where to begin.
A: No problem. Let's see. There are two ways to find books here. You can either use
the computer system, or you can use the book lists.
A: How do they work? (14:43) How do the book lists work?

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B: Well, the lists organize the books by their subjects. You're looking for a book on
history, so first you look under History on the list. Then you look at the title. Each
book is in alphabetical order.
A: Okay, I see.
B: Good. Each book has a number next to it, and those numbers tell you where to find
that book.
A: I see. And did you mention something about a computer?
B: Oh yeah, I almost forgot. The computer is just as easy. Do a search for your book,
and it will tell you where to find it.
A: I should be able to find what I need. Thanks.
B: Oh, and remember, if you want to check out any books, you need to scan your ID
card at the self-service machine. If you have any books due on your account, you
won't be able to check out any more.

Part 3
Talk 1:
All right.
Today's lecture is about heat. Actually, we will talk about the ways heat moves. This
is called heat transfer. Now, there are 3 types of heat transfer. They are called
convection, conduction and radiation. Okay? Okay.

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Convection. Convection happens when heat moves through gases and liquids. When
air or water heat up, they get lighter. Then they move away from the heat. They rise.
When they get cooler, they change direction. They come back down to the heat again.
In convection, this repeats over and over. For example, a hot air balloon. Fire heats
the air. The hot air becomes lighter. The balloon rises up. But as the air cools, it gets
heavier. So, the balloon goes down. Convection is how hot air balloons fly.

Now, next is conduction. This happens when heat moves through solids. First, a solid
object is put on heat. Eventually, the solid object takes this heat and it gets hot. Some
materials are very good at conduction. Metals, for example. This is why many cooking
pans are made of metal. They heat up quickly. But don't touch them. Ouch!
Conduction causes many burns.

Finally, heat also moves by radiation. If you can feel heat from an object without
touching it, then it is radiating heat. Remember, you can't see this heat. The sun, a
toaster, a dryer. All these things use radiation. Have you ever warmed your hands by
a fire? Even this is radiation.

Talk 2:
OK. So, Impressionism was a new way of painting. It went against old art standards.
It changed what was seen as good art. Before it, art was considered good if it was
exact. Artists tried to reproduce what they saw on the canvas.
They aimed to reproduce what they saw on the canvas. They aimed to make the
painting look just like what they could see. Impressionist painters were different.
The first thing you will notice in an Impressionist painting is the use of color. These
artists didn't mix colors. They put two colors side by side. They knew the eyes would
blend the colors for them. The purpose was to create bright and bold colors. Movement
was also important.

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Painters often worked outdoors. This was not normal at the time. Most painters had
someone pose for them inside. But the Impressionist went outside. First, they wanted
to capture life as it was happening. Their subjects were doing something. They were
not posing. Blurred lines showed movement.
They paid attention to lighting. Working outside allowed artists to use natural light.
This is always changing. The change comes through in the painting. Different times
of year are represented with the change in seasons. Impressionist art changed art. It
broke the rules. Many people did not like it for this reason. If you ask me, that's what
makes it so great. And over time, many people agreed.

Talk 3:
A: The book Watership Down, let's talk about the book. It has sold more than 50
million copies. This book's themes are people and politics. This book looks at how
people treat each other and criticizes governments.
It uses a story about rabbits. A group of rabbits leave home to find a new place to
live. They can't remain in their old home because it's going to be destroyed. So they
escape. After a while, the group finds a safe new home. But they start fighting with
other rabbit towns nearby.
The rabbits in these towns are very different. And because of this, no one gets on.
This shows how people in real life can't accept each other's differences. One group of
rabbits is called a fraffa. The leader is an adult male rabbit. He controls his town. He
tells everyone what to do. No child, teenager, or adult has freedom to learn or
experience anything there. The other group of rabbits is the tharnwarren. It is also
very bad. Things are too easy there. Growing up in a place like that means you learn
very little.
Some people think that the two rabbit towns are like different kinds of governments
in the world. And that no government is perfect.

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B: Oh, I see. Having a really easy life is bad for you. This is like the tharnwarren. The
rabbits don't have to work to find food there. And a fraffa is a place where there is no
real freedom. So it is bad, too.
A: Yes, exactly.Watership Down may seem like a simple story about rabbits. But it
asks real questions about how we live. This is why it is so popular.

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