Class 10 Biology – Life Processes
Questions from Start of Chapter to Human Digestive System
1. 1. What are life processes?
Answer: Life processes are the processes that are essential for the maintenance of life in
living organisms, such as nutrition, respiration, transportation, and excretion.
2. 2. Why do organisms need energy?
Answer: Organisms need energy for growth, repair, movement, and maintaining internal
functions like digestion and respiration.
3. 3. What is nutrition?
Answer: Nutrition is the process by which organisms obtain and utilize food to carry out life
processes.
4. 4. What are the two main modes of nutrition?
Answer: Autotrophic nutrition and heterotrophic nutrition.
5. 5. Define autotrophic nutrition.
Answer: Autotrophic nutrition is the mode of nutrition in which organisms make their own
food from simple substances using sunlight (e.g., green plants).
6. 6. What is the role of chlorophyll in photosynthesis?
Answer: Chlorophyll captures sunlight and helps in converting carbon dioxide and water
into glucose.
7. 7. Write the word and chemical equation of photosynthesis.
Answer: Word: Carbon dioxide + Water → Glucose + Oxygen
Chemical: 6CO₂ + 6H₂O → C₆H₁₂O₆ + 6O₂
8. 8. What is heterotrophic nutrition?
Answer: Heterotrophic nutrition is a mode of nutrition in which organisms depend on other
organisms for food.
9. 9. Name the types of heterotrophic nutrition.
Answer: Holozoic, saprophytic, and parasitic nutrition.
10. 10. Give one example of a parasitic plant.
Answer: Cuscuta (Amarbel).
11. 11. What is holozoic nutrition?
Answer: Holozoic nutrition involves the ingestion of solid food, digestion, absorption,
assimilation, and egestion.
12. 12. Describe the process of nutrition in Amoeba.
Answer: Amoeba uses pseudopodia to engulf food, forms a food vacuole, digests the food
with enzymes, absorbs nutrients, and removes waste.
13. 13. Name the parts of the human digestive system.
Answer: Mouth, esophagus, stomach, small intestine, large intestine, rectum, anus.
14. 14. What is the function of saliva in the mouth?
Answer: Saliva contains salivary amylase which breaks down starch into sugar.
15. 15. What is the role of the stomach in digestion?
Answer: The stomach secretes HCl and pepsin enzyme to digest proteins.
16. 16. What is bile? Which organ secretes it?
Answer: Bile is a digestive juice that emulsifies fats. It is secreted by the liver.
17. 17. What is the function of the pancreas?
Answer: The pancreas secretes enzymes like trypsin, amylase, and lipase to digest proteins,
carbohydrates, and fats.
18. 18. How is food absorbed in the small intestine?
Answer: The inner surface of the small intestine has villi which increase surface area for the
absorption of nutrients.
19. 19. What is the function of the large intestine?
Answer: The large intestine absorbs water and forms solid feces.
20. 20. Define ingestion, digestion, absorption, assimilation, and egestion.
Answer: Ingestion: Taking in food
Digestion: Breaking food into simpler forms
Absorption: Nutrients entering the blood
Assimilation: Use of nutrients by cells
Egestion: Removal of undigested waste
Additional Questions on Stomata
21. 21. What is stomata?
Answer: Stomata are small pores present on the surface of leaves that help in the exchange
of gases and transpiration in plants.
22. 22. What are the functions of stomata?
Answer: 1. Intake of carbon dioxide for photosynthesis
2. Release of oxygen after photosynthesis
3. Loss of water through transpiration
23. 23. What controls the opening and closing of stomata?
Answer: Stomata are controlled by guard cells. When guard cells are turgid (full of water),
stomata open. When guard cells are flaccid (lose water), stomata close.
24. 24. How does stomata help in photosynthesis?
Answer: Stomata allow carbon dioxide to enter the leaf, which is used in photosynthesis to
make food.
25. 25. Draw a well-labelled diagram of a stoma.
Answer: Draw a diagram showing a stoma with two kidney-shaped guard cells, the stomatal
pore, and label them correctly.
