The Agenda of Aurangzeb

(A PLAY BASED ON
HISTORY)
Copyright: @author

Readers are requested to obtain permission to share the content of this book - the
author will be very happy to permit it. The author may be contacted at
jain.tk@gmail.com

Author: Prof. Trilok Kumar Jain, Professor and Director, CDOE, Suresh Gyan Vihar
University, Jaipur

Price : Free, but please share this book widely - particularly among young persons so
that they can learn a lot from this book.

Publisher: M/s Knowledge Creators, Bikaner

The Agenda of Aurangzeb​ ​ ​ ​ Page No. [ 1 ]

TABLE OF CONTENTS

Preface.................................................................................................................................... 9
Title: The Emperor’s Dilemma​
A Historical Play in One Act....................................................................................... 10
Scene: The Emperor’s Private Chamber in the Red Fort...........................................10
Maulvi Ihtisham (with urgency)............................................................................. 10
Aurangzeb (calmly, measuring his words)............................................................10
Maulvi Rahimullah (stepping forward, agitated)................................................... 10
Aurangzeb (leaning forward, voice firm but cold)................................................. 10
Maulvi Ihtisham (frustrated).................................................................................. 10
Aurangzeb (smiling slightly, eyes sharp).............................................................. 10
Maulvi Rahimullah (nodding but impatient)...........................................................11
Aurangzeb (standing, his voice low but commanding)......................................... 11
Maulvi Ihtisham (muttering, frustrated)................................................................. 11
Aurangzeb (turning to them, eyes piercing)..........................................................11
Curtain falls.................................................................................................................11
Title: The Emperor’s Command​
A Historical Play in One Act....................................................................................... 12
Scene: The Imperial Darbar in Delhi.......................................................................... 12
Aurangzeb (with authority, his voice echoing through the hall)............................ 12
Raja Jaswant Singh of Marwar (stepping forward, bowing respectfully but
speaking cautiously)............................................................................................. 12
Aurangzeb (eyes narrowing, his voice cold).........................................................12
Raja Jai Singh of Amber (measured but firm)...................................................... 12
Aurangzeb (leaning forward, his expression turning sharper).............................. 12
Raja Durgadas Rathore (his voice controlled but defiant).................................... 12
Aurangzeb (his patience thinning, voice rising).................................................... 13
Raja Jaswant Singh (after a pause, bowing slightly)............................................ 13
Curtain falls................................................................................................................ 13
Title: The Faqir’s Warning​
A Historical Play in One Act....................................................................................... 14
Scene: A Quiet Garden in Bikaner’s Palace...............................................................14
Faqir (smiling, observing the Raja’s humility)....................................................... 14
Raja Karan Singh (placing his hands together humbly)....................................... 14
Faqir (nodding, eyes deep and knowing)............................................................. 14
Raja Karan Singh (raising an eyebrow, intrigued)................................................ 14
Faqir..................................................................................................................... 14
Raja Karan Singh (frowning)................................................................................ 14
Faqir (shaking his head, voice dark and heavy)................................................... 14
Raja Karan Singh (sharply).................................................................................. 15
Faqir (looking into the distance, as if seeing something far away)....................... 15
Raja Karan Singh (whispering, disbelieving)........................................................ 15
Faqir (softly, with sorrow)......................................................................................15
Raja Karan Singh (standing abruptly, pacing, his mind racing)............................ 15

The Agenda of Aurangzeb​ ​ ​ ​ Page No. [ 2 ]

 Faqir (calmly, watching him closely)..................................................................... 15
Raja Karan Singh (murmuring, as if to himself)....................................................15
Faqir..................................................................................................................... 15
Curtain Falls............................................................................................................... 15
Title: The Rajput’s Dilemma​
A Historical Play in One Act....................................................................................... 16
Scene: A Secluded Hall in the Rajput Encampment.................................................. 16
Raja Karan Singh (his voice firm but filled with concern)..................................... 16
Raja Jai Singh of Amber (calm but wary)............................................................. 16
Raja Jaswant Singh of Marwar (nodding).............................................................16
Raja Karan Singh (his voice dropping, serious and dark).................................... 16
Raja Durgadas Rathore (leaning forward, intrigued)............................................ 16
Raja Karan Singh (taking a deep breath, looking at each of them)...................... 16
Raja Jai Singh (shaking his head, skeptical)........................................................ 17
Raja Jaswant Singh (his voice sharp).................................................................. 17
Raja Durgadas Rathore (thoughtful, but suspicious)............................................17
Raja Karan Singh (leaning forward, his voice urgent).......................................... 17
Raja Jai Singh (measured, yet uncertain)............................................................ 17
Raja Jaswant Singh (gritting his teeth, fists clenching)........................................ 17
Raja Durgadas Rathore (his eyes burning with resolve)...................................... 17
Raja Karan Singh (nodding, his voice low but resolute)....................................... 17
Curtain Falls............................................................................................................... 17
Scene: The Rajput War Council, A Grand Tent in the Encampment.......................... 19
Messenger (his voice solemn and respectful)...................................................... 19
Raja Jai Singh I (his voice low, controlled but sorrowful)......................................19
Raja Jaswant Singh..............................................................................................19
Raja Karan Singh of Bikaner (glancing at the others, eyes thoughtful)................ 19
Raja Durgadas Rathore (nodding in agreement, his voice firm)...........................19
Raja Jai Singh I (resolute, but grateful for the support)........................................ 19
Raja Jaswant Singh (smiling slightly, understanding the deeper meaning)..........19
Scene: The Rajput Kings in Council, During the Baithak........................................... 20
Raja Karan Singh (his voice low but determined).................................................20
Raja Durgadas Rathore (leaning forward, his eyes blazing)................................ 20
Raja Jai Singh I (thoughtful, speaking with precision).......................................... 20
Raja Jaswant Singh (clenching his fist)................................................................ 20
Raja Karan Singh................................................................................................. 20
Raja Durgadas Rathore (smiling grimly, gripping his sword hilt).......................... 20
Curtain Falls............................................................................................................... 20
Title: The Rajput Defiance.......................................................................................... 20
Scene: A Secret Rajput War Council, Near Attock.....................................................21
Spy (bowing, his voice urgent)............................................................................. 21
Raja Karan Singh (leaning forward, impatient).....................................................21
Spy (taking a deep breath)................................................................................... 21
Spy (continuing, voice growing darker)................................................................ 21

The Agenda of Aurangzeb​ ​ ​ ​ Page No. [ 3 ]

 Raja Jaswant Singh (clenching his jaw, voice low but filled with fury)..................21
Raja Jai Singh I (calm, but his eyes burn with determination)..............................21
Raja Durgadas Rathore (gripping the hilt of his sword, a fierce grin on his face).22
Scene: The Rajput Strategy for Survival.................................................................... 22
Raja Karan Singh (pointing at Rajputana on the map)......................................... 22
Raja Jai Singh I (nodding, his mind calculating every move)............................... 22
Raja Jaswant Singh (his eyes narrowing as he considers the next step).............22
Raja Durgadas Rathore (grinning fiercely)........................................................... 22
Raja Jai Singh I (smiling slightly)..........................................................................22
Raja Karan Singh (nodding)................................................................................. 22
Raja Jaswant Singh (his voice firm and commanding).........................................22
Raja Durgadas Rathore (laughing, his eyes gleaming with fire)...........................22
Scene: The Message to Aurangzeb........................................................................... 23
Raja Jai Singh I (dictating the message, his voice calm yet unyielding).............. 23
Final Scene: The Oath of the Rajputs........................................................................ 23
Raja Karan Singh (his voice resonating with pride and defiance)........................ 23
Raja Jai Singh I.................................................................................................... 23
Raja Jaswant Singh..............................................................................................23
Raja Durgadas Rathore (grinning fiercely)........................................................... 23
Curtain Falls............................................................................................................... 24
Title: The Rajput Revolt.............................................................................................. 25
Scene: The Indus Riverbank – Midnight.................................................................... 25
Raja Karan Singh (breathing heavily, watching the flames rise).......................... 25
Raja Jai Singh I (placing a hand on his shoulder, his eyes full of gratitude and
respect).................................................................................................................25
Raja Jaswant Singh (grinning, gripping his sword hilt)......................................... 25
Raja Durgadas Rathore (laughing, looking at the burning wreckage).................. 25
Raja Karan Singh (turning to his comrades, voice urgent)................................... 25
Scene: Aurangzeb’s Camp – The Morning After........................................................ 25
Mughal Scout (voice shaking, head bowed low).................................................. 26
Aurangzeb (his voice dangerously calm)..............................................................26
Mughal Scout (hesitant, barely able to speak)..................................................... 26
Aurangzeb (roaring like a storm, his voice echoing across the camp)................. 26
Aurangzeb (breathing heavily, his eyes burning with fury)................................... 26
Chief Moulvi (calm, but with an edge of impatience)............................................ 26
Second Moulvi (nodding, his voice sharper).........................................................26
Aurangzeb (gripping his sword, his expression dark and unwavering)................ 26
Aurangzeb (his voice low, seething with vengeance)........................................... 27
Aurangzeb............................................................................................................ 27
Scene: Rajputana – The Kingdoms Prepare..............................................................27
Raja Karan Singh (to his generals in Bikaner)......................................................27
Raja Jai Singh I (addressing his army in Jaipur).................................................. 27
Raja Jaswant Singh (to the nobles of Marwar).....................................................27
Raja Durgadas Rathore (laughing as he sharpens his blade)..............................27

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 Final Scene: The War Begins.....................................................................................27
Aurangzeb (raising his sword, eyes blazing with vengeance).............................. 28
Curtain Falls............................................................................................................... 28
Title: The Lion’s Roar – Rajputana Prepares for War....................................................... 29
Scene: Bikaner Palace – The Grand Celebration...................................................... 29
Court Bard (chanting loudly, beating a ceremonial drum).................................... 29
Rajput Nobles and Warriors (chanting).................................................................29
Raja Karan Singh (his voice firm, yet filled with warmth)......................................29
Rajput Nobles and Warriors (shouting in defiance).............................................. 30
Raja Karan Singh (nodding proudly).................................................................... 30
Scene: The Rajput Kings Prepare for War................................................................. 30
In Jaipur – Amber Fort..........................................................................................30
Raja Jai Singh I (to his commanders)...................................................................30
In Jodhpur – Mehrangarh Fort..............................................................................30
Raja Jaswant Singh (to his warriors, his voice fierce).......................................... 30
In Udaipur – The Aravalli Hills.............................................................................. 31
Rana Raj Singh (to his war council)..................................................................... 31
In Bikaner – Junagarh Fort................................................................................... 31
Spy (panting, his face covered in dust from travel).............................................. 31
Scene: The Oath of Rajputana...................................................................................31
Raja Karan Singh (holding his sword to the sky)..................................................31
Raja Jai Singh I.................................................................................................... 31
Raja Jaswant Singh..............................................................................................31
Raja Durgadas Rathore (grinning fiercely)........................................................... 31
Final Scene: Aurangzeb’s Wrath................................................................................ 32
Aurangzeb (clenching his fist, his voice cold as death)........................................ 32
Aurangzeb............................................................................................................ 32
Curtain Falls............................................................................................................... 32
Title: The Emperor’s Trap.................................................................................................... 33
Scene: The Mughal War Council – Aurangzeb’s Camp............................................. 33
Aurangzeb (impatient, his eyes burning with anger)............................................ 33
Mir Bakshi (cautious, yet firm).............................................................................. 33
Second General (agreeing, nodding)................................................................... 33
Aurangzeb (cold, calculating)............................................................................... 33
Aurangzeb (leaning forward, a sinister smirk forming)......................................... 33
Aurangzeb (his voice dripping with deceit)........................................................... 34
Aurangzeb............................................................................................................ 34
Scene: Bikaner – Junagarh Fort.................................................................................34
Court Priest (reading the letter, voice heavy with doubt)...................................... 34
Karan Singh (calm, but eyes sharp with suspicion)..............................................34
Rajput General (gruff, angry)................................................................................34
Second Noble (nodding).......................................................................................34
Scene: The Secret War Council................................................................................. 35
Spy (whispering, his face pale from what he has seen)....................................... 35

The Agenda of Aurangzeb​ ​ ​ ​ Page No. [ 5 ]

 Karan Singh (calm, but firm).................................................................................35
Karan Singh (smiling slightly, eyes glinting with strategy).................................... 35
Karan Singh (explaining)...................................................................................... 35
Chief Minister (nodding, understanding the plan).................................................35
Military Commander (grinning, gripping his sword hilt).........................................35
Karan Singh (with finality).....................................................................................35
Final Scene: Aurangzeb’s Palace, Delhi.................................................................... 36
Aurangzeb (muttering, eyes narrowing)............................................................... 36
Aurangzeb (roaring to his commanders).............................................................. 36
Curtain Falls............................................................................................................... 36
Title: The Night of Betrayal and Bravery............................................................................37
ACT 1: The Invitation and the Trap.................................................................................. 37
ACT 2: The Ambush and the Battle..................................................................................38
ACT 3: The Return to the Camp.......................................................................................40
Curtain Falls..................................................................................................................... 41
Title: The Lionhearted Rajputs............................................................................................42
Scene: The Imperial Durbar – Aurangzeb’s Court, Delhi........................................... 42
Aurangzeb (smirking, his tone taunting)............................................................... 42
Karan Singh (calmly, with quiet confidence).........................................................42
Padam Singh (grinning fearlessly)........................................................................42
Kesri Singh (nodding, voice steady)..................................................................... 43
Scene: The Battle with the Lions................................................................................43
Aurangzeb (clenching his jaw, forced to mask his anger with a smile).................43
Aurangzeb (his voice cold, yet calculated)........................................................... 43
Karan Singh (calmly, but with meaning in his voice)............................................ 44
Scene: Aurangzeb’s Secret Meeting – The Assassination Plot..................................44
Aurangzeb (gritting his teeth, his voice filled with venom)....................................44
Aurangzeb (leaning forward, voice a whisper)..................................................... 44
Mir Bakshi (hesitant, but firm)...............................................................................44
Mir Bakshi (explaining, carefully choosing his words).......................................... 44
Second General....................................................................................................44
Aurangzeb (after a long pause, voice bitter but restrained)..................................45
Curtain Falls............................................................................................................... 45
Title: The Exile of a Lion...................................................................................................... 46
Scene: The Mughal Court, Delhi – Aurangzeb’s Wrath..............................................46
Aurangzeb (his voice cold, filled with restrained anger)....................................... 46
Aurangzeb (furious, but controlled)...................................................................... 46
Aurangzeb (decisive)............................................................................................46
Aurangzeb (commanding).................................................................................... 46
Aurangzeb (with finality)....................................................................................... 46
Scene: Karan Singh Accepts His Fate....................................................................... 47
Karan Singh (calm, fearless)................................................................................ 47
Karan Singh (turning to his sons, voice strong)....................................................47
Scene: Karan Singh Departs Delhi.............................................................................47

The Agenda of Aurangzeb​ ​ ​ ​ Page No. [ 6 ]

 Scene: The Treachery – Anup Singh Becomes King................................................. 47
Aurangzeb (smirking, voice dripping with deceit)................................................. 48
Aurangzeb (commanding).................................................................................... 48
Scene: The Exile – The Founding of New Lands....................................................... 48
Final Scene: Karan Singh’s Last Stand...................................................................... 48
Padam Singh (softly, yet with pride)..................................................................... 48
Kesri Singh (nodding, voice steady)..................................................................... 48
Karan Singh (with quiet pride).............................................................................. 49
Curtain Falls............................................................................................................... 49
Title: The Silent Guardian – Anup Singh’s Defiance.........................................................50
Scene: Aurangzeb’s Court – The Ruthless Order...................................................... 50
Aurangzeb (cold, commanding)............................................................................50
Aurangzeb (with finality)....................................................................................... 50
Anup Singh (calm, obedient in tone, but with hidden defiance)............................50
Scene: The March to the South..................................................................................50
Scene: The Secret Plan............................................................................................. 51
Rajput General (whispering, confused)................................................................ 51
Anup Singh (calm, but resolute)........................................................................... 51
Anup Singh (with quiet determination)..................................................................51
Scene: The Shadow War – Protecting Temples and Knowledge............................... 51
Scene: The Secret Refuge – Protecting the People...................................................52
Scene: Aurangzeb’s Court – The Emperor is Fooled................................................. 52
Mughal General (proudly).....................................................................................52
Aurangzeb (satisfied, nodding slowly).................................................................. 52
Scene: Anup Singh’s Palace – The Hidden Legacy................................................... 52
Curtain Falls............................................................................................................... 53
Title: The Sanctuary of Art and Knowledge.......................................................................54
Scene: Aurangzeb’s Court – The War Against Artists................................................54
Aurangzeb (stern, unforgiving)............................................................................. 54
Moulvi (nodding in agreement)............................................................................. 54
Aurangzeb (firmly, dismissing them).....................................................................54
Scene: The Desperate Search for Refuge................................................................. 54
Historian (thoughtful, hesitant)..............................................................................54
Painter (hopeful, yet cautious)..............................................................................55
Historian (firmly, with conviction).......................................................................... 55
Scene: The Court of Anup Singh – The Sanctuary of Art...........................................55
Historian (bowing respectfully)............................................................................. 55
Painter (softly, his voice filled with sorrow)........................................................... 55
Anup Singh (after a pause, his voice firm)............................................................55
Anup Singh (proud, declaring to the court)...........................................................55
Anup Singh (smiling slightly, to the painters)........................................................56
Anup Singh (turning to the historians and poets)................................................. 56
Scene: Bikaner Becomes a Hub of Art and Learning.................................................56
Scene: Aurangzeb’s Realization – The Emperor is Enraged..................................... 56

The Agenda of Aurangzeb​ ​ ​ ​ Page No. [ 7 ]

 Mughal General (nervous, hesitant)..................................................................... 56
Aurangzeb (his expression darkening)................................................................. 56
Moulvi (angrily, voice rising)................................................................................. 56
Aurangzeb (gritting his teeth, whispering furiously)..............................................57
Aurangzeb (cold, yet frustrated)........................................................................... 57
Final Scene: Anup Singh Stands Firm....................................................................... 57
Curtain Falls............................................................................................................... 57
Title: The Wrath of Aurangzeb – The Fire of Resistance..................................................59
Scene: Aurangzeb’s Court – The Moulvis’ Fury......................................................... 59
Moulvi 1 (furious, pounding his staff on the floor).................................................59
Moulvi 2 (spitefully)...............................................................................................59
Moulvi 3 (venomous, seething with rage)............................................................. 59
Aurangzeb (cold, his voice slow and deliberate).................................................. 59
Aurangzeb (ruthless, unwavering)........................................................................59
Aurangzeb (eyes burning with fanaticism)............................................................60
Moulvi 1 (nodding, satisfied).................................................................................60
Aurangzeb (declaring with finality)........................................................................60
Moulvi 2 (smirking)............................................................................................... 60
Scene: Orders of Destruction – Somnath in Danger.................................................. 60
Aurangzeb (pointing at Gujarat, voice sharp as a blade)..................................... 60
Mughal General (bowing, hesitant).......................................................................60
Aurangzeb (gritting his teeth, furious)...................................................................60
Aurangzeb (turning to another general, eyes filled with cruelty)...........................61
Aurangzeb (thinking deeply, then smirking slightly)..............................................61
Scene: In the Palace of Sujan Singh – The Rajput Resistance................................. 61
Rajput General (concerned)................................................................................. 61
Sujan Singh (gripping the balcony railing, his voice grim).................................... 61
Minister (urgently).................................................................................................61
Sujan Singh (calm, yet unshaken)........................................................................62
Curtain Falls............................................................................................................... 62
Title: The Fall of Aurangzeb – The End of Tyranny...........................................................63
Scene: Aurangzeb’s Court – 1706, The Bragging of a Tyrant.................................... 63
Aurangzeb (boasting, his voice filled with arrogance).......................................... 63
Aurangzeb (smirking, listing his conquests with pride).........................................63
Aurangzeb (with a cruel smile)............................................................................. 63
Aurangzeb (declaring).......................................................................................... 63
Moulvi 1 (pleased, bowing his head).................................................................... 63
Moulvi 2 (nodding, still skeptical)..........................................................................63
Aurangzeb (gritting his teeth, trying to mask his frustration)................................ 64
Aurangzeb (stammering, gripping his throne for support).................................... 64
Moulvi 3 (concerned, stepping forward)............................................................... 64
Aurangzeb (gasping, weakly whispering)............................................................. 64
Scene: One Year Later – The Death of Aurangzeb....................................................64
Aurangzeb (weak, regretful)................................................................................. 65

The Agenda of Aurangzeb​ ​ ​ ​ Page No. [ 8 ]

 Aurangzeb (whispering to himself, his breathing shallow)....................................65
Servant (softly)..................................................................................................... 65
Aurangzeb (a whisper, filled with realization and fear)......................................... 65
Scene: The Dawn of a New Era................................................................................. 65
Sujan Singh (softly, looking at the idols)...............................................................66
Curtain Falls............................................................................................................... 66

The Agenda of Aurangzeb​ ​ ​ ​ Page No. [ 9 ]

Preface
History is not merely what is written in books; it is also what lives in the hearts and minds of
people. It is whispered in the corridors of old temples, narrated by village elders under
banyan trees, and preserved in the unbroken oral traditions of generations. Yet, much of this
living history remains absent from mainstream historical texts, either due to the lack of
written evidence or the reluctance of historians to acknowledge inconvenient truths. This
book, The Agenda of Aurangzeb, aims to shed light on one such overlooked chapter of
Indian history—one that has survived in the memories of people but has seldom found its
way into textbooks.

The reign of Moghul Badshah Aurangzeb is often a subject of debate—was he a ruthless

oppressor or merely a ruler driven by political necessity? While conventional history focuses
on his administrative policies, military conquests, and religious decrees, the unwritten history
speaks of something deeper: an orchestrated attempt to erase Sanatana Dharma from the
land of its origin. Temples were razed, cultural icons were defaced, and traditions were
systematically dismantled. Yet, despite such sustained efforts, Sanatana Dharma
endured—thanks to the resilience of its followers and the unshakable spiritual foundation
upon which it stands.

This book is not just a historical narrative; it is an invitation to filmmakers, documentarians,

and truth-seekers. The stories, accounts, and perspectives compiled here are meant to
serve as a foundation for those who wish to bring this history to the screen. The visual
medium has the power to reach the masses, and there is an urgent need to present these
hidden truths in a compelling and accessible manner.

The purpose of this book is twofold:

1.​ To serve as a resource for filmmakers who wish to explore the unwritten history of
India, particularly the agenda of Aurangzeb against Sanatana Dharma.
2.​ To encourage further research and discussion so that these narratives, long
relegated to the realm of oral tradition, can be documented and presented to a global
audience.

This is not just a book; it is the beginning of a movement. It is a call to all those who believe
in historical justice and wish to uncover the past in its entirety. Readers, filmmakers,
historians, and truth-seekers are encouraged to engage with this material, question it, verify
it, and most importantly, bring it to life through the powerful medium of film.

I welcome all feedback and collaboration. Those who wish to delve deeper into these
themes, or seek assistance in developing a film or documentary based on this book, can
reach out to me at jain.tk@gmail.com. I am always available to extend all possible help for
this noble cause. Let us embark on this journey together—to document, to preserve, and to
share the unwritten history of India with the world.

Prof. Trilok Kumar Jain

The Agenda of Aurangzeb​ ​ ​ ​ Page No. [ 10 ]

Title: The Emperor’s Dilemma​
A Historical Play in One Act
Characters:

●​ Aurangzeb – The Mughal Emperor, calculating and patient

●​ Maulvi Ihtisham – A senior cleric, zealous and impatient
●​ Maulvi Rahimullah – Another cleric, equally fervent

Scene: The Emperor’s Private Chamber in the Red Fort

(Dimly lit by oil lamps, the air thick with the scent of incense. Aurangzeb sits on a cushioned
throne, fingers tapping against the hilt of his sword. The two Maulvis stand before him, eyes
burning with fervor.)

Maulvi Ihtisham (with urgency)

Alamgir! The time has come. The sword of Islam must strike without hesitation. Why do we
wait? The land is still filled with idol-worshippers, their temples still stand, and their Rajput
princes still defy you!

Aurangzeb (calmly, measuring his words)

Patience, Maulvi Sahib. The foundation of Dar-ul-Islam is not built in haste. One does not
topple a mountain in a day.

Maulvi Rahimullah (stepping forward, agitated)

But, Your Majesty, the duty of a true Badshah is clear! The Quran commands the faithful to
uproot the kafirs, to cleanse Hindustan of their influence. Every day we delay, they grow
stronger.

Aurangzeb (leaning forward, voice firm but cold)

And if we strike too soon, what then? The Rajputs are warriors. The Deccan is rebellious.
The Marathas are like a wildfire. A foolish emperor rushes into war on all fronts and
perishes. A wise emperor removes his enemies one by one, until there is no one left to
resist.

Maulvi Ihtisham (frustrated)

You have banned music, closed temples, imposed Jizya! And yet, these infidels still flourish!
They do not bow. They still whisper of their false gods. What more must we wait for?

Aurangzeb (smiling slightly, eyes sharp)

The Agenda of Aurangzeb​ ​ ​ ​ Page No. [ 11 ]

The Rajputs are the shield of the infidels. They hold this empire together. If I destroy them
completely, who will defend the Hindus? When the shield shatters, the sword will strike
without resistance.

Maulvi Rahimullah (nodding but impatient)

And yet, the ulema grows restless. The warriors of Islam are waiting for your command. Why
not cleanse the land now?

Aurangzeb (standing, his voice low but commanding)

Because I do not play a child’s game. I do not rush into battle without securing victory first. If
I strike too soon, I may break my sword against their shields. But if I weaken them, if I
remove their princes one by one, then in the end, the empire will belong to Islam alone.

Maulvi Ihtisham (muttering, frustrated)

But will Allah forgive us if we wait too long?

Aurangzeb (turning to them, eyes piercing)

Allah rewards those who plan for victory. If I must wait years, I will wait. If I must destroy the
Rajputs, I will do it. And when the time comes, there will be no land left for the infidels to
stand on.

(A tense silence fills the chamber. The Maulvis glance at each other, still uneasy but unable
to argue. Aurangzeb looks out at the dark horizon, as if seeing the future unfold before him.)

Curtain falls.

The Agenda of Aurangzeb​ ​ ​ ​ Page No. [ 12 ]

Title: The Emperor’s Command​
A Historical Play in One Act

Scene: The Imperial Darbar in Delhi

(A grand hall adorned with Mughal splendor—high domes, intricate Persian rugs, and
gold-encrusted pillars. Aurangzeb sits on the Peacock Throne, his expression stern. A
gathering of Rajput rulers, clad in resplendent armor and royal turbans, stand before him.
Mughal generals and courtiers line the hall, their eyes shifting between the Emperor and the
Rajput chiefs.)

Aurangzeb (with authority, his voice echoing through the hall)

The time has come to march. The heretics of Persia grow bold, thinking Hindustan is
divided, thinking we are weak. I will not tolerate their defiance. We ride to the West, to teach
them obedience!

(The Rajput rulers exchange glances. A moment of hesitation lingers in the air.)

Raja Jaswant Singh of Marwar (stepping forward, bowing respectfully but speaking
cautiously)

Alamgir, we stand ever loyal to the empire. But war demands preparation. Our armies must
be gathered, our warriors called from distant lands. Grant us time to ready ourselves, and we
shall march with you.

Aurangzeb (eyes narrowing, his voice cold)

Time? A warrior does not ask for time—he takes up his sword and follows his sovereign at
once! The Mughal army is prepared. My Pathans, my Turks, my Sayyids are ready. Why do
the Rajputs falter?

Raja Jai Singh of Amber (measured but firm)

We do not falter, Badshah. We have bled for this empire, fought for your father and
grandfather. But our way is not recklessness. If we are to march into foreign lands, we must
ensure our forts are guarded, our borders secured. A hasty war is an invitation to disaster.

Aurangzeb (leaning forward, his expression turning sharper)

Is it disaster you fear, Rajput? Or do you hesitate because the enemy is not Hindu, but Shia?
Will you fight against the Deccan rebels and Marathas but not against Persia?

Raja Durgadas Rathore (his voice controlled but defiant)

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We do not choose our battles based on faith, but on honor. We ask not for refusal, but for
preparation. Even the finest sword must be sharpened before war.

Aurangzeb (his patience thinning, voice rising)

Enough! You will march, or you will be replaced. I do not plead; I command! The empire
does not wait for the weak-hearted. The path to victory is paved by those who obey without
question!

(A tense silence. The Rajput rulers exchange wary glances. They know defiance will cost
them, but blind obedience may cost them more. The weight of Aurangzeb’s words hangs
heavy in the air.)

Raja Jaswant Singh (after a pause, bowing slightly)

If the Badshah commands, we shall march.

(The other Rajput rulers nod reluctantly. They know they have no choice. Aurangzeb leans
back, satisfied, but his eyes remain watchful. The cracks in loyalty are visible, but for now,
they will march.)

Curtain falls.

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Title: The Faqir’s Warning​
A Historical Play in One Act

Scene: A Quiet Garden in Bikaner’s Palace

(The night is calm, the fragrance of jasmine filling the air. A small oil lamp flickers near a
marble pavilion where Raja Karan Singh of Bikaner sits. Across from him, an old Faqir,
wrapped in a tattered shawl, sips from a clay bowl of warm milk offered by the king himself.)

Faqir (smiling, observing the Raja’s humility)

A king serving a wandering faqir—truly, the world is full of wonders.

Raja Karan Singh (placing his hands together humbly)

Saints and wanderers hold the wisdom of the world. A king’s duty is to protect his people,
but he must also listen to the voices that others ignore.

Faqir (nodding, eyes deep and knowing)

Then listen, O King, for I bring a truth that will shake the earth beneath your feet.

Raja Karan Singh (raising an eyebrow, intrigued)

Speak, Baba. No truth is too great for the ears of a Rajput.

(The Faqir leans forward, his voice dropping to a whisper, as if afraid the very walls might
hear.)

Faqir

Aurangzeb’s war is a shadow, hiding a deeper game. He calls the Rajputs to march with him
to Persia, but his true war is not against Iran. It is against you. Against your religion.

Raja Karan Singh (frowning)

We know he seeks to break the Rajputs, to weaken our rule. But war is war. Kings fight, and
kingdoms rise and fall.

Faqir (shaking his head, voice dark and heavy)

No, Raja. You think this is about power, about land. But Aurangzeb does not seek to rule
Rajputs—he seeks to erase them.

(The Raja stiffens, gripping the hilt of his dagger as a cold breeze stirs the leaves around
them.)

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Raja Karan Singh (sharply)

What do you mean?

Faqir (looking into the distance, as if seeing something far away)

Once he crosses the River Indus, at Attock, he will show his true face. The Rajputs will be
surrounded, far from their lands, deep in foreign soil. And then, the sword of conversion will
rise. He will give you two choices—embrace Islam, or embrace death.

(A long silence. The oil lamp flickers violently, as if reacting to the weight of these words. The
Raja’s breath grows heavy, his fists tightening.)

Raja Karan Singh (whispering, disbelieving)

Impossible… Rajputs have fought for the Mughals for generations. We have spilt our blood
for this empire. Why would he betray us?

Faqir (softly, with sorrow)

Because your loyalty is a tool to him. And once a tool has served its purpose, it is discarded.

Raja Karan Singh (standing abruptly, pacing, his mind racing)

This cannot be! My brothers, my kin, they trust him! If I tell them this, they will call it
madness!

Faqir (calmly, watching him closely)

And yet, when you cross the Indus, you will remember my words.

(The Raja stops, his heartbeat loud in his ears. He looks at the Faqir, searching for deceit,
but finds only truth in the old man’s eyes. He takes a deep breath, the weight of realization
sinking into his bones.)

Raja Karan Singh (murmuring, as if to himself)

We must not go… we must not cross the Indus.

(The Faqir smiles sadly and rises, placing a gentle hand on the Raja’s shoulder.)

Faqir

Then do what must be done, O King. Before it is too late.

(Without another word, the Faqir turns and disappears into the night, leaving the Raja
standing alone, the burden of knowledge pressing upon him like an iron weight.)

Curtain Falls.

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Title: The Rajput’s Dilemma​
A Historical Play in One Act

Scene: A Secluded Hall in the Rajput Encampment

(A grand tent, adorned with Rajput banners and golden oil lamps, stands in the middle of a
military encampment. Outside, the distant sounds of war preparations echo as the Rajput
armies prepare for their campaign. Inside, a council of Rajput kings and generals sit
cross-legged on ornate carpets, their faces hardened by years of war. Raja Karan Singh of
Bikaner stands before them, his eyes filled with urgency.)

Raja Karan Singh (his voice firm but filled with concern)

Brothers, we have gathered under the Mughal banner for war against Persia. But I bring you
news that may change everything.

(The Rajput rulers exchange glances, sensing the tension in his words.)

Raja Jai Singh of Amber (calm but wary)

What troubles you, Karan Singh? We have given our word to Aurangzeb. The Rajput honor
does not waver.

Raja Jaswant Singh of Marwar (nodding)

Aye. We may distrust the Mughal, but this war is his to lead. What warning do you bring that
cannot wait?

Raja Karan Singh (his voice dropping, serious and dark)

A Faqir visited me last night. He spoke words I dared not believe at first. But my heart tells
me they hold truth.

Raja Durgadas Rathore (leaning forward, intrigued)

And what did this Faqir say that has disturbed you so?

Raja Karan Singh (taking a deep breath, looking at each of them)

That once we cross the River Indus—once we reach Attock—Aurangzeb will show his true
hand. He does not intend for us to return. He means to break us, to strip us of our faith and
force us into Islam!

(A stunned silence fills the tent. Some Rajput rulers look at each other in disbelief, while
others narrow their eyes in suspicion.)

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Raja Jai Singh (shaking his head, skeptical)

These are the words of a wandering mendicant? Do you take them as divine truth?

Raja Jaswant Singh (his voice sharp)

Aurangzeb is ruthless, yes. He has broken temples, re-imposed the Jizya, and shown his
contempt for our people. But forcing the sword of Islam upon Rajputs? That is a risk even he
would hesitate to take.

Raja Durgadas Rathore (thoughtful, but suspicious)

And yet… he has weakened the Rajputs with every move. Our lands are taxed, our sons
forced into his army, our kings made into mere vassals. Why should we believe he will honor
us when the war is done?

Raja Karan Singh (leaning forward, his voice urgent)

Do you not see? This is how he works! Slowly, step by step, he breaks his enemies before
crushing them. We Rajputs are his greatest threat. He will never allow our swords to remain
unsheathed for long!

(The kings murmur among themselves, the weight of his words settling in. Some remain
unconvinced, while others start to grasp the gravity of the warning.)

Raja Jai Singh (measured, yet uncertain)

If this is true, then what do you propose? We cannot simply refuse his command. He will
brand us traitors, and the Mughal army will turn on us before we even leave Hindustan.

Raja Jaswant Singh (gritting his teeth, fists clenching)

If we march forward, we walk into a trap. If we rebel now, we face annihilation. It is a choice
between poison and the blade.

Raja Durgadas Rathore (his eyes burning with resolve)

Then we must choose our moment wisely. We must delay, we must deceive. We Rajputs do
not fight without honor, but neither do we walk willingly to slaughter.

Raja Karan Singh (nodding, his voice low but resolute)

We do not fight for Aurangzeb. We fight for our people, for our dharma. If war must come, let
it come on our terms—not his.

(The Rajput rulers look at one another, the air heavy with tension. A decision looms, one that
could change the fate of Hindustan. The flames of rebellion flicker in their eyes, but the
shadow of the Mughal Emperor looms over them still.)

Curtain Falls.

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The Agenda of Aurangzeb​ ​ ​ ​ Page No. [ 19 ]
Title: The Gathering of Rajputs​
A Historical Play in One Act

Scene: The Rajput War Council, A Grand Tent in the Encampment

(The Rajput rulers remain seated in their war council, deep in discussion. Tension hangs in
the air. The flickering lamps cast long shadows on their battle-worn faces. Suddenly, a
messenger, draped in Jaipur’s royal insignia, enters hurriedly and bows deeply before Raja
Jai Singh I of Amber.)

Messenger (his voice solemn and respectful)

Maharaj, forgive my intrusion, but I bear grave news from Amber. Mata Damayanti Ji, your
revered mother, has left this mortal world.

(A hush falls over the gathering. The Rajput rulers bow their heads in silent respect. Jai
Singh I, visibly shaken but composed, closes his eyes for a moment, then breathes deeply.)

Raja Jai Singh I (his voice low, controlled but sorrowful)

A mother’s loss is an immeasurable sorrow. She was the pillar of Amber… a guiding light.

(The kings nod solemnly. Raja Jaswant Singh of Marwar places a hand on Jai Singh’s
shoulder.)

Raja Jaswant Singh

Maharaj, in this time of grief, it is only right that we honor her soul with proper rites.
According to our traditions, a twelve-day baithak (mourning period) must be observed.

Raja Karan Singh of Bikaner (glancing at the others, eyes thoughtful)

Indeed. The customs of our forefathers demand this. And, as fate would have it, this also
gives us the time we so desperately need.

Raja Durgadas Rathore (nodding in agreement, his voice firm)

A true warrior respects dharma before all else. Aurangzeb may command armies, but he
cannot command the laws of our people. Let us inform him that the Rajput contingents shall
not march for twelve days.

Raja Jai Singh I (resolute, but grateful for the support)

We will send a formal message to the Mughal court. We Rajputs stand united, and this
mourning period will not be ignored.

Raja Jaswant Singh (smiling slightly, understanding the deeper meaning)

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And in these twelve days, we will do more than just mourn. We will prepare.

(The rulers look at one another, realization dawning. This mourning period is not just
tradition—it is their opportunity.)

Scene: The Rajput Kings in Council, During the Baithak

(Days have passed. The Rajput rulers sit together in a secluded chamber, away from Mughal
ears. The mourning rituals continue outside, but within these walls, war is being planned.)

Raja Karan Singh (his voice low but determined)

Twelve days. This is all the time we have. When the baithak ends, Aurangzeb will expect us
to march. But we cannot allow that to happen.

Raja Durgadas Rathore (leaning forward, his eyes blazing)

We cannot cross the Indus. We cannot let Aurangzeb take us into his trap. If we move, it
must be back to Rajputana, not forward to Persia.

Raja Jai Singh I (thoughtful, speaking with precision)

Then we must ensure that when the twelve days are over, we are not marching under his
banner—we are marching against him.

Raja Jaswant Singh (clenching his fist)

If we are to rise against Aurangzeb, we must be certain that all of Rajputana stands with us.
We must send secret messages to our forts, to our nobles, and to the Marathas.

Raja Karan Singh

And most of all, we must prepare for war. The moment Aurangzeb realizes we will not obey,
he will strike. We must strike first.

(A heavy silence follows. The path before them is clear—no longer one of submission, but
one of rebellion. A path of war.)

Raja Durgadas Rathore (smiling grimly, gripping his sword hilt)

Then let it be so. For Rajputana, for honor, for dharma—we shall not kneel.

(The kings rise, placing their hands on their sword hilts in silent agreement. The twelve days
of mourning shall end not with submission, but with a Rajput uprising.)

Curtain Falls.

Title: The Rajput Defiance

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A Historical Play in One Act

Scene: A Secret Rajput War Council, Near Attock

(The Rajput rulers have gathered inside a heavily guarded tent, away from the eyes of the
Mughal commanders. Outside, the Mughal army is preparing to cross the Indus, unaware
that the Rajputs are about to defy Aurangzeb. Torches flicker as Raja Jai Singh I, Raja
Jaswant Singh of Marwar, Raja Karan Singh of Bikaner, and Raja Durgadas Rathore sit
in a circle. A trusted Rajput spy stands before them, freshly returned from the Mughal camp,
his face weary but his eyes sharp.)

Spy (bowing, his voice urgent)

Maharaj, the truth is now clear. Aurangzeb has played his hand.

Raja Karan Singh (leaning forward, impatient)

Tell us everything.

Spy (taking a deep breath)

The orders have already been issued. Once the Mughal army crosses the Indus at Attock,
Aurangzeb will declare that the Rajputs are no longer needed. He has planned our doom
from the start.

(The rulers exchange grim glances, knowing their worst fears are confirmed.)

Spy (continuing, voice growing darker)

His plan is as follows—first, he will separate our forces, scattering us in different directions.
Then, he will disarm our warriors under the pretense of "keeping peace" in Persia. Once we
are defenseless, he will summon us to his court and give us a choice—accept Islam or face
the sword.

(A stunned silence follows. The flames of the torches flicker violently, mirroring the tension in
the room. The Rajput kings grip their swords, their faces hard with resolve.)

Raja Jaswant Singh (clenching his jaw, voice low but filled with fury)

The coward! He never intended for us to return from this war. He seeks to erase the Rajputs
from Hindustan itself.

Raja Jai Singh I (calm, but his eyes burn with determination)

Then we must not cross the Indus. We must ensure that when the Mughals realize our
defiance, we are ready for war.

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Raja Durgadas Rathore (gripping the hilt of his sword, a fierce grin on his face)

The time for deception is over. We have delayed, we have listened, but now we must act.

Scene: The Rajput Strategy for Survival

(The rulers now stand, gathered around a large map of Hindustan. They begin strategizing,
knowing that opposing Aurangzeb means nothing less than a fight for survival.)

Raja Karan Singh (pointing at Rajputana on the map)

We must secure our strongholds before Aurangzeb can send his forces against us. The forts
of Jodhpur, Jaipur, and Bikaner must be reinforced immediately.

Raja Jai Singh I (nodding, his mind calculating every move)

Agreed. We must send secret riders back to our states, ordering our commanders to prepare
for war. Every sword, every archer, every warhorse must be ready.

Raja Jaswant Singh (his eyes narrowing as he considers the next step)

But defense alone will not be enough. We cannot afford to simply wait for Aurangzeb to
march upon us. We must weaken him first.

Raja Durgadas Rathore (grinning fiercely)

Then let us do what we Rajputs do best—strike first.

(The rulers exchange knowing looks. A bold plan begins to take shape.)

Raja Jai Singh I (smiling slightly)

We will allow the Mughal army to cross the Indus alone. Without the Rajputs by their side,
they will be vulnerable.

Raja Karan Singh (nodding)

And when they realize we have stayed behind, they will send urgent messengers back to
Aurangzeb. That will buy us time.

Raja Jaswant Singh (his voice firm and commanding)

Meanwhile, we will spread discontent in his empire. We will send word to the Deccan, to
Shivaji’s Marathas, to the rebel factions in Bengal and the South. Let them know that
Aurangzeb is distracted in the West.

Raja Durgadas Rathore (laughing, his eyes gleaming with fire)

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And let us not forget the Afghan tribes beyond the Indus. They hate the Mughals as much as
we do. If we can stir rebellion there, Aurangzeb’s forces will be caught in a storm of their own
making.

(The kings exchange determined nods. The plan is risky, but it is their only path to survival.)

Scene: The Message to Aurangzeb

(A Rajput messenger is summoned. A letter is written in elegant Persian script, meant for the
Emperor himself.)

Raja Jai Singh I (dictating the message, his voice calm yet unyielding)

"To the exalted Emperor Aurangzeb Alamgir, we Rajput rulers send our condolences on your
war against Persia. Due to the untimely passing of Mata Damayanti Ji and the necessary
twelve-day baithak, we regret to inform you that we shall not cross the Indus at this time.
However, we send our prayers for your victory and await further instructions in Hindustan."

(The message is sealed. A clever deception. By the time Aurangzeb realizes their true
intention, the Rajputs will be fully prepared for war.)

Final Scene: The Oath of the Rajputs

(The Rajput kings, now bound by an unbreakable pact, stand together. They draw their
swords and place them over the sacred fire, taking a solemn oath.)

Raja Karan Singh (his voice resonating with pride and defiance)

We swear upon our ancestors, upon our swords, and upon our dharma—we shall never
bow to Aurangzeb.

Raja Jai Singh I

We shall fight for our land, our honor, and our people.

Raja Jaswant Singh

We shall not be deceived, nor shall we be broken.

Raja Durgadas Rathore (grinning fiercely)

And if Aurangzeb seeks to destroy the Rajputs—he shall find only fire and steel waiting
for him.

(The kings strike their swords together, the sound ringing through the night. The Rajputs
have chosen their path. The battle for Hindustan has begun.)

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Curtain Falls.

The Agenda of Aurangzeb​ ​ ​ ​ Page No. [ 25 ]

Title: The Rajput Revolt

A Historical Play in One Act

Scene: The Indus Riverbank – Midnight

(Under the cover of darkness, Raja Karan Singh of Bikaner and his warriors move swiftly.
The Rajput kings have made their decision—they will not cross the Indus. Now, to ensure
that Aurangzeb cannot chase them immediately, the Rajputs take a desperate but brilliant
measure. The boats that had ferried the Mughal forces across the river are set ablaze and
destroyed, one by one. Flames dance on the water as the wooden vessels turn to ashes.
The sound of cracking timber and rushing waves fills the air. The other Rajput kings—Jai
Singh I, Jaswant Singh, and Durgadas Rathore—stand beside him, watching as their
final ties to Aurangzeb’s campaign burn away.)

Raja Karan Singh (breathing heavily, watching the flames rise)

It is done. The Indus is now a wall between us and Aurangzeb.

Raja Jai Singh I (placing a hand on his shoulder, his eyes full of gratitude and respect)

You have sealed our path, Karan Singh. There is no turning back now.

Raja Jaswant Singh (grinning, gripping his sword hilt)

And that is how it should be. We do not retreat—we return to Rajputana as warriors, not
slaves.

Raja Durgadas Rathore (laughing, looking at the burning wreckage)

Let Aurangzeb roar like a caged lion. By the time he finds another way to cross, we will be
ready for him.

Raja Karan Singh (turning to his comrades, voice urgent)

We must waste no time. Ride fast to your kingdoms! Gather your people, fortify your forts,
and prepare your armies. We will not wait for Aurangzeb to come to us—we will strike before
he can prepare!

(The Rajput kings nod, understanding the gravity of the moment. With no more words
needed, they mount their horses and ride like the wind, each heading toward their respective
kingdoms—toward war, toward defiance, toward freedom.)

Scene: Aurangzeb’s Camp – The Morning After

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(The sun rises, casting a golden glow over the Mughal encampment. Aurangzeb stands
atop a small hill, his piercing eyes scanning the horizon. His trusted commanders and
religious advisors, the Moulvis, stand nearby, waiting. A terrified Mughal scout kneels before
him, trembling as he delivers the shocking news.)

Mughal Scout (voice shaking, head bowed low)

Alamgir Badshah… the Rajputs… they have fled.

(Aurangzeb's fingers tighten around the hilt of his sword. His jaw clenches. Silence hangs in
the air like a sword about to drop.)

Aurangzeb (his voice dangerously calm)

Fled?

Mughal Scout (hesitant, barely able to speak)

They… they did not cross the Indus. Instead, they burned the boats. None remain. We…
we cannot follow them, Sire.

(A thunderous silence follows. The Moulvis exchange nervous glances, knowing that
Aurangzeb’s fury is about to erupt. And then, suddenly—)

Aurangzeb (roaring like a storm, his voice echoing across the camp)

TREACHERY!

(He unsheathes his sword in a flash, slashing the air as his rage consumes him. His
commanders take a cautious step back.)

Aurangzeb (breathing heavily, his eyes burning with fury)

Those ungrateful, wretched Rajputs! After all that they owe this empire, after all the wealth
and titles they have received—they dare to defy ME?!

(The Moulvis step forward, their faces grave but expectant. One of them, an elderly cleric
with a long white beard, bows deeply before speaking.)

Chief Moulvi (calm, but with an edge of impatience)

Alamgir, this is why we warned you. The Rajputs were never truly loyal to Islam. They were
always a threat to your divine mission.

Second Moulvi (nodding, his voice sharper)

This treason proves that Hindustan cannot be ruled with tolerance. These kafirs have defied
their fate for too long. It is time to fulfill your duty—convert them or destroy them.

Aurangzeb (gripping his sword, his expression dark and unwavering)

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They think they have escaped? They think they are safe behind their forts?

(He exhales, his fury now focused, dangerous.)

Aurangzeb (his voice low, seething with vengeance)

No one defies Aurangzeb and lives. I swear by Allah—before my reign ends, the Rajputs
will be no more.

(He turns to his generals, his command clear and merciless.)

Aurangzeb

We march to Rajputana. I shall bring down their forts, their temples, their pride. I shall leave
them no choice—Islam, or extinction.

(The Moulvis smile in satisfaction. The Mughal generals bow and begin issuing orders. The
mighty Mughal war machine prepares to turn its fury toward Rajputana.)

Scene: Rajputana – The Kingdoms Prepare

(Meanwhile, in Rajputana, the kings arrive at their capitals, each greeted by their nobles and
warriors. The news spreads like wildfire—Aurangzeb will come for them. But this time,
they will not fight as Mughal vassals. They will fight as free Rajputs.)

Raja Karan Singh (to his generals in Bikaner)

Send word to every village, every warrior—Bikaner stands ready! We shall fight from our
forts, our deserts, our very sands!

Raja Jai Singh I (addressing his army in Jaipur)

The lion of Amber shall not be tamed! Prepare for war—we ride for Rajputana’s honor!

Raja Jaswant Singh (to the nobles of Marwar)

Marwar’s swords have always been sharp. Let them taste Mughal blood again!

Raja Durgadas Rathore (laughing as he sharpens his blade)

If Aurangzeb wants war, let’s give him hell itself!

(Across Rajputana, warriors gather. Swords are sharpened. Forts are fortified. The spirit of
resistance burns in every heart. The Rajputs know what is coming. They know the odds are
against them. But they do not fear death. They fear only dishonor.)

Final Scene: The War Begins

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(Back in the Mughal camp, Aurangzeb stands at the front of his army, tens of thousands of
soldiers ready to march. His war elephants are armored. His cannons are prepared. His fury
is unrelenting.)

Aurangzeb (raising his sword, eyes blazing with vengeance)

Rajputana will burn.

(He swings his sword forward, signaling the march. The Mughal army surges forward,
banners waving, war drums echoing through the land. The invasion of Rajputana has
begun.)

(Meanwhile, in the forts and deserts of Rajputana, Rajput warriors mount their horses, bows
and swords ready. They stand as lions against an empire.)

Curtain Falls.

The Battle for Rajputana has begun.

The Agenda of Aurangzeb​ ​ ​ ​ Page No. [ 29 ]

Title: The Lion’s Roar – Rajputana
Prepares for War
A Historical Play in One Act

Scene: Bikaner Palace – The Grand Celebration

(Inside the grand halls of Junagarh Fort, Bikaner, torches burn bright, reflecting off the
golden pillars. Raja Karan Singh sits on his throne, his face alight with triumph. Around him,
nobles, warriors, and bards sing praises of his daring leadership. The sound of war drums
and celebratory music fills the palace. The Rajput kings have returned safely to their lands,
and for the moment, Rajputana breathes free.)

(A court bard, draped in royal attire, steps forward, raising his voice in praise.)

Court Bard (chanting loudly, beating a ceremonial drum)

"Jay Jangaldhar Badshah! Jay Jangaldhar Badshah!​

The lion of Bikaner, the savior of Rajputs!​
He who burned the boats, he who defied the tyrant!​
Hail the sword of dharma, the shield of Rajputana!"*

(The assembled nobles and warriors cheer, raising their swords in unison.)

Rajput Nobles and Warriors (chanting)

"Jay Jangaldhar Badshah! Hail Raja Karan Singh!"

(Raja Karan Singh, still dressed in his battle gear, stands and raises his hand. The room
falls silent as he speaks.)

Raja Karan Singh (his voice firm, yet filled with warmth)

Brothers, we have done the impossible. We escaped Aurangzeb’s treachery, we returned

to our lands, and we live to fight another day.

(A murmur of agreement spreads through the hall.)

But let us not be blinded by celebration. Aurangzeb will come.

(The festive air turns somber as reality sets in.)

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He is enraged, humiliated, and more determined than ever to destroy us. Even now, he
gathers his forces. The Mughal war machine will march upon our lands, seeking vengeance.

(He scans the room, his gaze locking onto the commanders and nobles.)

But do we fear him?

(A thunderous reply echoes through the hall.)

Rajput Nobles and Warriors (shouting in defiance)

NEVER!

Raja Karan Singh (nodding proudly)

Then we shall be ready. Every kingdom, every fort, every village shall prepare. Rajputana
shall not kneel!

(The nobles exchange determined glances. The festivities turn into a war council.)

Scene: The Rajput Kings Prepare for War

(Days later, messengers travel across Rajputana, delivering orders from Karan Singh, Jai
Singh I, Jaswant Singh, and Durgadas Rathore. Each kingdom prepares for the next
great battle.)

In Jaipur – Amber Fort

(Raja Jai Singh I stands atop the towering Amber Fort, overseeing preparations. His
generals stand beside him.)

Raja Jai Singh I (to his commanders)

Strengthen the city walls, increase food reserves, and send word to the Rathore clans.
Amber will not fall easily.

In Jodhpur – Mehrangarh Fort

(Raja Jaswant Singh of Marwar rides through the fortress, inspecting the Rajput cavalry,
known for their unmatched skill in desert warfare.)

Raja Jaswant Singh (to his warriors, his voice fierce)

The sands of Marwar have buried many enemies. If Aurangzeb dares to march here, we
shall make him regret it.

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(His men cheer, striking their swords against their shields.)

In Udaipur – The Aravalli Hills

(The Sisodia Rajputs, led by Rana Raj Singh of Mewar, prepare their fortresses deep in
the Aravalli mountains.)

Rana Raj Singh (to his war council)

The mountains have always protected Mewar. We shall strike from the shadows—let the
Mughals bleed for every step they take.

In Bikaner – Junagarh Fort

(Back in Bikaner, Raja Karan Singh meets with his advisors. A trusted spy, just returned
from the Mughal camp, bows before him.)

Spy (panting, his face covered in dust from travel)

Maharaj, Aurangzeb has declared jihad against Rajputana. He swears to convert every last
Rajput or destroy them. His army is gathering—thousands of Mughal troops, cannons,
and war elephants are marching toward us.

(The war council listens in grim silence. The battle they had feared is coming. But Karan
Singh does not flinch.)

Scene: The Oath of Rajputana

(On a sacred night, all Rajput kings gather at a secret location, deep in the desert. Under
the open sky, they swear an unbreakable oath before the gods, the stars, and their
ancestors.)

Raja Karan Singh (holding his sword to the sky)

"Aurangzeb marches to destroy us, but Rajputana shall never die!"

Raja Jai Singh I

"We shall fight not for power, but for dharma!"

Raja Jaswant Singh

"Not a single temple shall be defiled, not a single Rajput shall bow!"

Raja Durgadas Rathore (grinning fiercely)

The Agenda of Aurangzeb​ ​ ​ ​ Page No. [ 32 ]

"Aurangzeb thinks he has won already. Let him come! He shall find only fire and steel
waiting for him!"

(The Rajput kings and warriors unsheathe their swords together, the moonlight
reflecting on the gleaming steel. They strike their blades together—a solemn vow, a
promise of war. The echoes of their oath carry into the night, signaling the beginning of a
historic battle for survival.)

Final Scene: Aurangzeb’s Wrath

(Far away, in his imperial camp, Aurangzeb sits on his throne, a map of Rajputana
spread before him. His commanders stand beside him, awaiting orders. The news of
Rajput defiance has only fueled his rage.)

Aurangzeb (clenching his fist, his voice cold as death)

Rajputana mocks me. They dare to resist the will of Allah.

(He turns to his generals, his eyes filled with fire.)

Aurangzeb

They have chosen their fate. No mercy, no surrender. Burn their temples, tear down
their forts, enslave their women and children. Convert or kill—Rajputana shall cease
to exist!

(He slams his fist down on the table. The Mughal war drums begin to beat. The greatest
army in India moves toward Rajputana, carrying with it the wrath of the Emperor.)

Curtain Falls.

The greatest battle for Rajputana has begun.

The Agenda of Aurangzeb​ ​ ​ ​ Page No. [ 33 ]

Title: The Emperor’s Trap
A Historical Play in One Act

Scene: The Mughal War Council – Aurangzeb’s Camp

(A vast, richly decorated tent stands in the middle of the Mughal war camp. Aurangzeb sits
on an ornate golden throne, surrounded by his trusted generals, Moulvis, and spies. A
large map of Rajputana is spread before them, with markers placed on various forts and
cities.)

(The Mughal army commanders, weary from months of battle, bow before the Emperor.
Their faces show hesitation.)

Aurangzeb (impatient, his eyes burning with anger)

Why do my generals hesitate? I have given the command—march on Bikaner! Crush

Karan Singh, burn his lands, and drag his people to my feet!

(The generals exchange uneasy glances before one of them, Mir Bakshi, speaks.)

Mir Bakshi (cautious, yet firm)

Alamgir Badshah, Bikaner is no ordinary land. It is surrounded by vast deserts, with few
water sources. Our war elephants and heavy cavalry will be of no use there. The Rajputs
know these sands like the back of their hands—they will bleed us dry before we even
reach their forts.

Second General (agreeing, nodding)

The Rajputs of Bikaner are hardened desert warriors. They are prepared for siege and
ambush. Attacking them would be costly.

(Aurangzeb listens in silence, his fingers tapping against the armrest of his throne. His mind
calculates.)

Aurangzeb (cold, calculating)

So we shall not attack.

(The room falls silent, confused. The Moulvis look at Aurangzeb expectantly.)

Aurangzeb (leaning forward, a sinister smirk forming)

Instead, we shall invite Raja Karan Singh.

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(The generals glance at one another, intrigued by the shift in strategy.)

Aurangzeb (his voice dripping with deceit)

He is a man of honor. He will not refuse a royal invitation from the Emperor of Hindustan.
We will greet him with kindness, shower him with titles, promise him peace. And when he
stands before me, unarmed…

(Aurangzeb’s fingers tighten into a fist.)

Aurangzeb

He will not leave my court alive.

(The Moulvis nod approvingly. The generals murmur in agreement. The plan is set. A formal
invitation, written on royal parchment and sealed with the Mughal insignia, is prepared
and sent to Bikaner.)

Scene: Bikaner – Junagarh Fort

(Inside the royal court of Bikaner, Raja Karan Singh sits with his ministers, generals, and
nobles. A Mughal envoy, dressed in fine silk robes, stands before him, holding the letter
from Aurangzeb.)

(The court priest reads the letter aloud. The words are sweet, but every man in the room
can sense the poison hidden beneath them.)

Court Priest (reading the letter, voice heavy with doubt)

"To the great and honorable Raja Karan Singh of Bikaner, the loyal servant of the Mughal
Empire… It has been too long since we have met in friendship. Let us set aside war and
remember the days when Rajputs and Mughals stood together. I invite you to my Durbar in
Delhi, where we shall discuss peace, friendship, and the future of Hindustan…"

(The priest pauses, his eyes narrowing at the words.)

Karan Singh (calm, but eyes sharp with suspicion)

Aurangzeb speaks of friendship? After all that he has done?

(He looks at his nobles. A deep silence follows.)

Rajput General (gruff, angry)

This is a trap, Maharaj! He will never let you leave Delhi alive!

Second Noble (nodding)

He could not defeat us in war, so now he seeks to destroy us with treachery!

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(Karan Singh remains silent, his mind racing. He knows Aurangzeb too well. But refusing the
invitation outright could give the Emperor an excuse to attack. He needs time.)

Scene: The Secret War Council

(That night, Karan Singh meets with his most trusted advisors in a dimly lit chamber.
Among them is his chief minister, his military commander, and a Rajput spy who has
recently returned from Delhi.)

Spy (whispering, his face pale from what he has seen)

Maharaj, I was in Aurangzeb’s court when this letter was written. His plan is clear—he will
kill you the moment you set foot in Delhi!

(A heavy silence. The council members exchange grave looks.)

Karan Singh (calm, but firm)

Then we shall not go to Delhi.

(The council sighs in relief, but Karan Singh isn’t finished.)

Karan Singh (smiling slightly, eyes glinting with strategy)

But we shall make it seem as if we are going.

(The nobles lean in, curious.)

Karan Singh (explaining)

We will send our own envoy—a trusted diplomat—to Delhi in my name. He will deliver a
carefully worded reply: that I accept the invitation, but that I must prepare and will arrive in
due time.

Chief Minister (nodding, understanding the plan)

This will buy us time to fortify our defenses. While Aurangzeb waits for you, we shall
prepare for the war that is coming.

Military Commander (grinning, gripping his sword hilt)

And when Aurangzeb realizes that you are not coming, he will be the one trapped—while
Rajputana stands ready.

(A slow, knowing smile spreads across Karan Singh’s face. He lifts his sword high, and the
council members bow in agreement.)

Karan Singh (with finality)

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Let’s meet Aurangzeb in his court - we will be his guest - let us see how he treats us. I will
take Padam and Kesri and a few trusted soldiers with me - if they will attack - we will fight till
our last breath.

(The scene fades as the Rajput leaders begin making preparations. The battle for survival
continues.)

Final Scene: Aurangzeb’s Palace, Delhi

(Weeks later, in the grand halls of the Mughal Durbar, Aurangzeb sits impatiently on his
throne. The royal court is filled with whispers. A Mughal noble kneels before him,
delivering the message from Bikaner. Aurangzeb reads the letter. His expression
darkens.)

Aurangzeb (muttering, eyes narrowing)

Karan Singh is going to come soon…

(He crushes the letter in his fist, his rage barely contained.)

Aurangzeb (roaring to his commanders)

Enough waiting! I want you to treacherously murder them in the night in disguise as
Dacoits. This time, there will be NO escape!

(The Moghul drums begin to beat once more. The Mughal enjoy the luxury of life - outside
the palace - a group of soldiers and King Karan Singh arrive and put up their camp just near
the Royal Palace. They send their gifts and message to Aurangzeb and inform about their
arrival)

Curtain Falls.

The Agenda of Aurangzeb​ ​ ​ ​ Page No. [ 37 ]

Title: The Night of Betrayal and Bravery​

Dramatis Personae:

●​ Raja Karan Singh — King of Bikaner, a fierce warrior and noble ruler.
●​ Padam Singh — Son of Karan Singh, renowned for his valor.
●​ Kesari Singh — Another son of Karan Singh, equally skilled in combat.
●​ Aurangzeb — The Mughal Emperor, cunning and treacherous.
●​ Commander Aziz Khan — Leader of the disguised soldiers.
●​ Mughal Soldiers — Dressed as dacoits, sent to ambush Karan Singh.
●​ Royal Guards — Aurangzeb’s personal protectors.
●​ Court Ministers — Present in Aurangzeb’s court.

ACT 1: The Invitation and the Trap

Scene 1: Karan Singh’s Camp near the Royal Palace in Delhi

(The night is silent. A grand tent stands adorned with the royal colors of Bikaner.

Karan Singh sits by a table, flanked by his sons Padam Singh and Kesari Singh. A few

trusted soldiers stand guard.)

Karan Singh:​

Strange is the call of fate. Aurangzeb’s invitation reeks of deceit. He has already shown his

treachery by murdering the son of Jaswant Singh. I do not trust the wolf cloaked in silk.

Padam Singh:​

Father, we came here under the banner of peace, yet I feel the air trembles with danger. Let

them come — if betrayal be his weapon, let our swords speak louder.

Kesari Singh:​

Indeed, Padam. Our blood burns with the fire of Bikaner. No dagger hidden in darkness can

quench it.

Karan Singh:​

Then be alert, my sons. Tonight, the hunter may become the hunted.

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ACT 2: The Ambush and the Battle
Scene 1: The Ambush

(Suddenly, a thunderous sound. Shadows move swiftly. Around 250 soldiers, dressed

as dacoits, storm the camp, swords flashing in the moonlight.)

Commander Aziz Khan:​

Kill them all! Let no one live to see the dawn!

(The soldiers charge, thinking it will be an easy victory. But Karan Singh, Padam

Singh, and Kesari Singh draw their swords and stand firm.)

Karan Singh:​

So this is the hospitality of Aurangzeb? Come then! Face the lions of Bikaner!

(A fierce battle erupts. Padam Singh fights with unmatched fury, his sword striking

down one soldier after another. Kesari Singh fights beside him, matching his

brother’s pace. Blood flows, and the enemy starts faltering.)

Padam Singh:​

You thought we were lambs led to slaughter? You face the sons of Karan Singh — your

death is certain!

(Padam Singh alone cuts through over a hundred soldiers, his blade flashing like

lightning. Kesari Singh roars, killing another hundred with merciless precision.)

Kesari Singh:​

Run, cowards! For every drop of Bikaner blood spilled, a river of yours shall flow!

(The remaining soldiers, terrified by the carnage, throw down their weapons and fall

to their knees.)

Commander Aziz Khan:​

Mercy! Mercy, O great Raja! We were sent by Aurangzeb… we were but his pawns…

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Scene 2: The Confrontation in Aurangzeb’s Bedroom

(Karan Singh, Padam Singh, and Kesari Singh, swords still dripping with blood, march

straight into the royal palace. The terrified soldiers lead them to Aurangzeb’s private

chambers. The Emperor, clad in night robes, wakes with a start to find the three

warriors standing over him.)

Aurangzeb:​

(terrified, stumbling back) K-Karan Singh… how dare you enter my chamber unannounced?

Guards! Guards!

(Twenty royal guards storm in. Padam Singh doesn’t hesitate — with deadly skill, he

strikes each one down in seconds. Blood stains the marble floor.)

Padam Singh:​

These cowards are as weak as their master. Call more if you wish, but none shall save you

tonight.

Karan Singh:​

Aurangzeb, you invited me to your court with promises of peace, only to send assassins

under the cloak of night. Is this the honor of a Badshah? You have already murdered the son

of Jaswant Singh ji (King of Jodhpur). Is treachery your only weapon?

Aurangzeb:​

(struggling to compose himself) You dare accuse me? I am the ruler of Hindustan—

Kesari Singh:​

A ruler who hides behind his guards like a frightened fox!

Karan Singh:​

Had we wished, Aurangzeb, your blood would have soaked this very bed by now. But we are

Rajputs — we do not kill the unarmed and sleeping.

(Aurangzeb, trembling, realizes he is at their mercy. He slowly raises his hands in

surrender.)

Aurangzeb:​

I… I beg you, Karan Singh. Forgive this… misunderstanding. Order your sons to lower their

swords. Please.

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(A long silence. Karan Singh studies him with cold fury.)

Karan Singh:​

Listen well, Aurangzeb. We came here to meet you and to offer you our respect, but you

treated us as prey. We spare your life tonight, not out of mercy for you — but out of honor for

ourselves. The sons of Bikaner do not kill without cause.

Padam Singh:​

The next time, Emperor, your palace walls will not protect you.

ACT 3: The Return to the Camp

Scene 1: Outside the Palace

(As dawn breaks, Karan Singh, Padam Singh, and Kesari Singh march out of the

palace with their heads held high. The Mughal soldiers, seeing their bloodied

weapons and unyielding stance, stand frozen with fear.)

Kesari Singh:​

Tell your fellow soldiers — the lions of Bikaner have roared tonight.

Karan Singh:​

We return to our camp, we will visit your court tomorrow, but let it be known — a Rajput

never forgets treachery.

(They ride back to their camp, leaving the palace behind. The Mughal soldiers whisper

among themselves, their fear evident.)

Soldier 1:​

Did you see them? They walked into the Badshah’s chamber and left untouched…

Soldier 2:​

I heard Padam Singh killed twenty guards like they were nothing…

Soldier 3:​

Aurangzeb himself begged for his life…

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Curtain Falls
Narrator (Voice-over):​

And so, the night of betrayal turned into a night of glory. Karan Singh and his sons, Padam

Singh and Kesari Singh, not only defended their honor but left a mark on the heart of

Aurangzeb’s court. The bravery of Bikaner echoed through history, a testament to Rajput

valor.

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Title: The Lionhearted Rajputs
A Historical Play in One Act

Scene: The Imperial Durbar – Aurangzeb’s Court, Delhi

(A grand hall adorned with intricate Persian carpets, golden chandeliers, and towering
Mughal banners. Aurangzeb sits on his imperial throne, his cold gaze fixed upon Raja Karan
Singh of Bikaner, who stands before him in his royal Rajput attire. Around them, Mughal
courtiers, generals, and Moulvis watch in silence.)

(Aurangzeb, known for his cunning, leans forward, his voice laced with mockery.)

Aurangzeb (smirking, his tone taunting)

They say Rajputs are lions on the battlefield, fearless warriors whose swords never waver.
But words mean nothing.

(He gestures toward Karan Singh, his eyes glinting with challenge.)

If you are truly as brave as they claim, prove it. Face a lion—one-on-one. Let us see if
Rajput valor is real or mere empty boasts.

(A murmur spreads through the Mughal court. The Moulvis nod approvingly, while the
generals exchange uneasy glances. Karan Singh, standing tall, meets Aurangzeb’s gaze
without a flicker of fear. He smirks slightly, as if amused by the challenge.)

Karan Singh (calmly, with quiet confidence)

Badshah-e-Hind, I am a warrior, not a beast-hunter. But this task is beneath me.

(The Mughal nobles gasp at his words, but Karan Singh remains unfazed.)

For such a small matter, my sons are enough.

(He turns to his two sons, Kunwar Padam Singh and Kunwar Kesri Singh, both standing
proudly beside him. They step forward without hesitation, their eyes blazing with warrior
spirit.)

Padam Singh (grinning fearlessly)

If it is a lion you seek, let the lion face us!

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Kesri Singh (nodding, voice steady)

Let us see which lion walks out alive today.

(The Mughal courtiers whisper amongst themselves. Even some of the hardened generals
seem impressed by the young Rajput princes’ courage.)

(Aurangzeb gestures, and two massive iron cages are rolled into the durbar. Inside, two
ferocious, starving lions snarl and claw at the bars. Their golden fur gleams under the
torchlight, their eyes burning with hunger.)

(With a wave of Aurangzeb’s hand, the cages are unlocked. The lions leap forward,
roaring, their deadly fangs gleaming. The Mughal courtiers recoil in fear—but the Rajput
princes stand firm.)

(With a battle cry, Padam Singh and Kesri Singh unsheathe their swords and charge at
the lions.)

Scene: The Battle with the Lions

(The hungry lions pounce, their claws slashing through the air. But Padam Singh sidesteps,
his sword flashing—with a single stroke, he cuts deep into the lion’s side. The beast roars
in fury, but the young prince leaps onto its back, driving his dagger into its skull. The lion
collapses, dead.)

(Meanwhile, Kesri Singh faces the second lion, which lunges at him with terrifying speed.
He rolls aside at the last moment, his blade slicing through its chest. The lion staggers but
does not fall. Snarling, it swipes at him, grazing his arm. Blood trickles down, but Kesri Singh
does not falter. With a fierce cry, he raises his Rajput dagger and drives it straight into the
beast’s heart.)

(Silence. The Mughal court stares in shock as the two young Rajput princes stand,
breathing heavily, covered in sweat and dust—victorious. The lifeless bodies of the lions
lie at their feet.)

(A moment later, the entire durbar erupts into whispers and murmurs. Some Mughals
gasp in admiration. Others step back, fear creeping into their eyes.)

Aurangzeb (clenching his jaw, forced to mask his anger with a smile)

Impressive.

(But inside, he burns with humiliation. These Rajputs, whom he wished to disgrace, had
instead proven their unmatched bravery before his entire court.)

Aurangzeb (his voice cold, yet calculated)

The Agenda of Aurangzeb​ ​ ​ ​ Page No. [ 44 ]

Truly, your sons are worthy warriors, Raja Karan Singh.

(Karan Singh only smiles, bowing slightly.)

Karan Singh (calmly, but with meaning in his voice)

I hope now, there are no doubts about Rajput bravery, Badshah.

(Aurangzeb says nothing. But his fingers dig into the armrest of his throne. The Rajputs had
once again outmaneuvered him.)

Scene: Aurangzeb’s Secret Meeting – The Assassination Plot

(Later that night, inside Aurangzeb’s private tent, a secret meeting takes place. Only his
most trusted generals are present. A single candle flickers, casting shadows on the
Emperor’s furious face.)

Aurangzeb (gritting his teeth, his voice filled with venom)

Enough of this mockery. Karan Singh has humiliated me in my own court. He must die.

(The generals listen in silence. They had seen the fearless way Karan Singh stood before
them. They knew this was no ordinary king.)

Aurangzeb (leaning forward, voice a whisper)

Send my best assassins. When Karan Singh leaves Delhi, he must not reach Bikaner
alive.

(The generals glance at one another, but they do not speak immediately. Finally, Mir Bakshi,
one of the Emperor’s most experienced commanders, steps forward.)

Mir Bakshi (hesitant, but firm)

Badshah, with all due respect… this is too dangerous.

(Aurangzeb’s eyes narrow dangerously.)

Mir Bakshi (explaining, carefully choosing his words)

Karan Singh is not an ordinary ruler. He is protected not just by swords, but by his
people's devotion. Every Rajput would die before letting harm come to him.

(Another general speaks up, nodding.)

Second General

And after today’s display, even our own men fear him. His sons slew the lions as if they
were nothing. Killing him will not be easy.

The Agenda of Aurangzeb​ ​ ​ ​ Page No. [ 45 ]

(Aurangzeb’s face darkens. He had not expected such resistance—not from his own
generals. But he sees the truth in their eyes.)

Aurangzeb (after a long pause, voice bitter but restrained)

Then we wait.

(He exhales sharply, his mind racing. Killing Karan Singh now was risky. But he would not
give up. He would find another way.)

(The generals bow and exit, leaving the Emperor alone in the dim candlelight. His fingers
drum against the table, his mind weaving new plots, new betrayals. He would not rest until
Rajputana was crushed.)

Curtain Falls.

The Rajputs have won this battle—but Aurangzeb’s vengeance is far from over. The
storm of war is yet to come.

The Agenda of Aurangzeb​ ​ ​ ​ Page No. [ 46 ]

Title: The Exile of a Lion
A Historical Play in One Act

Scene: The Mughal Court, Delhi – Aurangzeb’s Wrath

(Aurangzeb sits on his grand throne, his face dark with rage. The Mughal court is silent,
fearing his fury. His generals, Moulvis, and ministers stand before him, waiting for his
command.)

Aurangzeb (his voice cold, filled with restrained anger)

Karan Singh has mocked my power. He has proven his strength not once, but twice—first
by escaping my trap, and now by humiliating me in my own court.

(He clenches his fist.)

Aurangzeb (furious, but controlled)

I could order his death… but no. He is too powerful. The Rajputs are already wary of me. A
direct attack will only unite them.

(He leans forward, his eyes burning with cruel intelligence. His lips curl into a sinister
smile.)

Aurangzeb (decisive)

If I cannot kill him, I will strip him of everything.

(The court remains still, waiting for his next words.)

Aurangzeb (commanding)

From this moment, Karan Singh is no longer a Mansabdar of the Mughal Empire.

(Gasps echo through the court. This is no ordinary punishment—it is a complete

humiliation. Karan Singh, once a powerful ruler, has been reduced to nothing in the eyes
of the empire.)

Aurangzeb (with finality)

He shall not return to Bikaner. He shall remain in Aurangabad, away from his people, his
land, his power.

(The Moulvis nod approvingly. The generals exchange glances—some relieved that
Aurangzeb is choosing strategy over bloodshed, others wary of Karan Singh’s reaction.)

The Agenda of Aurangzeb​ ​ ​ ​ Page No. [ 47 ]

Scene: Karan Singh Accepts His Fate

(Karan Singh and his sons, Padam Singh and Kesri Singh, stand before Aurangzeb,
having just heard the decree. The Mughal court watches, expecting anger,
defiance—perhaps even rebellion.)

(Instead, Karan Singh smiles slightly, a look of quiet acceptance in his eyes.)

Karan Singh (calm, fearless)

A king’s power does not come from a Mansab. It comes from his people, his honor, and
his dharma.

(He bows slightly, not as a defeated man, but as a warrior who bows only to fate, not to
emperors. Aurangzeb’s smugness falters for a moment, but he quickly regains his
composure.)

Karan Singh (turning to his sons, voice strong)

Come, my sons. Our land is wherever we stand with pride. If we cannot return to Bikaner,
then we shall make a new home.

(With heads held high, the three Rajputs walk out of the court, leaving behind the Mughal
courtiers, who whisper among themselves—some in admiration, others in fear.)

(Aurangzeb watches them go, his eyes narrowing. This was not the reaction he had
expected. But he had one final move to make.)

Scene: Karan Singh Departs Delhi

(The next morning, Raja Karan Singh and his sons prepare to leave Delhi. As they mount
their horses, they sense the tension in the air. The Mughals watch them with silent awe
and growing fear. No one dares to challenge them now.)

(Before departing, Karan Singh turns back one last time, his gaze meeting Aurangzeb’s
from across the courtyard. For a moment, the two rulers lock eyes—one burning with
hatred, the other with quiet, unshakable defiance.)

(Then, without another word, Karan Singh and his sons ride out of Delhi, and move towards
Aurangabad (Maharastra). The legend of the Rajput lions had been written in blood and
steel, never to be forgotten.)

Scene: The Treachery – Anup Singh Becomes King

(That evening, in his private chamber, Aurangzeb meets with his trusted advisors and
generals. He smirks, his mind plotting once more.)

The Agenda of Aurangzeb​ ​ ​ ​ Page No. [ 48 ]

Aurangzeb (smirking, voice dripping with deceit)

If Karan Singh cannot rule Bikaner… someone else must.

(He picks up a royal decree, already written, and seals it with his insignia.)

Aurangzeb (commanding)

Let Anup Singh be declared the Maharaja of Bikaner.

(His generals glance at one another, understanding the strategy. By making Karan Singh’s
own son the ruler, Aurangzeb ensures that Bikaner remains under Mughal influence. It is
a brilliant and treacherous move.)

(A messenger is dispatched. That night, the people of Bikaner hear the news—Anup Singh
is now their king. Some celebrate, but many are uneasy. They whisper: What does this
mean for Rajputana? What will Karan Singh do?)

Scene: The Exile – The Founding of New Lands

(In the dusty plains near Aurangabad, Karan Singh and his two sons begin their new life.
Instead of mourning their exile, they build. Small settlements rise—villages that will carry
their names forever.)

(The first village, Karanpura, is established, named after Karan Singh himself.)​
(The second village, Padampura, is built by Padam Singh, honoring his father’s legacy.)​
(The third village, Kesripura, is raised by Kesri Singh, marking the land with Rajput
strength.)

(Despite exile, they are not broken. They thrive. And at the heart of their settlement, they
build a temple of Maa Karni, their eternal protector.)

Final Scene: Karan Singh’s Last Stand

(Years pass. Karan Singh, now older, watches as his sons build a new future. One evening,
as the sun sets over the land he now calls home, he stands before the temple, gazing at
its sacred idol.)

(Padam Singh and Kesri Singh approach him, their eyes reflecting the wisdom of battles
fought, lands lost, and honor preserved.)

Padam Singh (softly, yet with pride)

Father, we are exiled, yet we have built a new kingdom of our own.

Kesri Singh (nodding, voice steady)

The Agenda of Aurangzeb​ ​ ​ ​ Page No. [ 49 ]

The Rajput spirit lives on, no matter where we stand.

(Karan Singh smiles, a lion even in his final days.)

Karan Singh (with quiet pride)

A true Rajput does not need a throne to be a king. Our honor is our kingdom. Our swords
are our crown.

(As the temple bells ring in the distance, Karan Singh takes one last deep breath, his eyes
fixed on the horizon.)

(The light fades, but his legacy—his strength, his courage—lives on.)

Curtain Falls.

Aurangzeb’s treachery may have taken Bikaner from Karan Singh, but it could never
take away his spirit. His sons carry his legacy forward, and the Rajput name remains
unbroken.

The Agenda of Aurangzeb​ ​ ​ ​ Page No. [ 50 ]

Title: The Silent Guardian – Anup Singh’s
Defiance
A Historical Play in One Act

Scene: Aurangzeb’s Court – The Ruthless Order

(Inside the grand Mughal Durbar in Delhi, Aurangzeb sits on his throne, his piercing gaze
fixed upon Raja Anup Singh of Bikaner. Around them, Mughal generals, Moulvis, and
advisors listen in silence.)

Aurangzeb (cold, commanding)

Raja Anup Singh, you serve under the flag of the Mughal Empire. Your duty is not to your
ancestors, not to your people, but to me. You will have to do what I order you to do -
anything - no questions to be asked - - every order must be followed….

(Anup Singh stands before the emperor, his posture straight, his face unreadable. He knows
what is coming.)

Aurangzeb (with finality)

You will march to the Deccan. You will crush the infidels in the South, burn their temples,
reduce their libraries to ash, and ensure every last Hindu submits to Islam.

(A chilling silence falls over the court. The Moulvis nod in approval, while the Mughal
generals exchange knowing glances.)

(Anup Singh bows his head slightly, as if in acceptance. But deep inside, his heart rages.
His Rajput blood, his dharma, rejects this order. Yet, he must play along. If he refuses,
Aurangzeb will send another Mughal general—one who will truly destroy everything. But
if Anup Singh obeys… he can still protect his people in secret.)

Anup Singh (calm, obedient in tone, but with hidden defiance)

As you command, Badshah.

(Aurangzeb smirks, satisfied. He believes he has won. But he does not know the fire that
burns within Anup Singh.)

Scene: The March to the South

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(Anup Singh, now leading a massive Mughal army, marches toward South India. Cities
tremble as the imperial army advances. Orders are clear: Temples must be destroyed,
libraries burned, people converted. But Anup Singh has a different plan.)

(His most trusted men ride beside him—Rajput warriors who understand his heart. They
know their king will never truly harm his own people.)

(At night, in his private tent, Anup Singh gathers his closest commanders. The flickering
oil lamps cast shadows on their faces, the weight of their secret heavy in the air.)

Scene: The Secret Plan

(Inside a hidden chamber within his tent, Anup Singh leans over a detailed map of South
India. His Rajput generals sit around him.)

Rajput General (whispering, confused)

Maharaj, you have given orders to attack the temples and burn the libraries… but your
eyes tell a different story.

Anup Singh (calm, but resolute)

Aurangzeb’s spies are everywhere. He must believe we are carrying out his orders.

(He looks at them, his expression hardening.)

Anup Singh (with quiet determination)

We will protect, not destroy.

(The generals exchange glances, realization dawning upon them. This is not betrayal. This
is resistance.)

Scene: The Shadow War – Protecting Temples and Knowledge

(One by one, Anup Singh's forces "attack" the temples. But instead of destroying them,
they smuggle out the idols, scriptures, and sacred artifacts. Under the cover of night, these
treasures are transported in secret—hidden deep inside Anup Singh’s own palace in
Bikaner.)

(Libraries are set ablaze—but the precious manuscripts are already gone. Caravans
filled with sacred texts travel under disguise, escorted by loyal Rajput warriors.)

(Temples are "razed"—but only their outer walls. Inside, the deities and sacred relics
remain untouched. Stones are carefully stored away to rebuild later.)

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(Aurangzeb’s generals see smoke, they see destruction, and they report back that Anup
Singh is obeying the emperor’s orders. But in reality, he is saving an entire civilization.)

Scene: The Secret Refuge – Protecting the People

(As the Mughal army captures fort after fort, thousands of Hindu men, women, and
children flee from forced conversion. They have nowhere to go—until Anup Singh offers
them a lifeline.)

(Hidden within his army’s ranks, disguised as soldiers, merchants, and servants, thousands
of Hindus are smuggled to safety. They are secretly relocated to Bikaner, Rajasthan,
and other safe territories. Entire villages vanish overnight, escaping Aurangzeb’s grasp.)

(Among them are scholars, saints, poets, and artists—custodians of knowledge. In

Anup Singh’s palace, they are given sanctuary.)

(Day by day, Aurangzeb believes he is winning. But in truth, Anup Singh is outwitting him at
every turn.)

Scene: Aurangzeb’s Court – The Emperor is Fooled

(Months later, back in Delhi, a report is read out before Aurangzeb. His generals,
convinced of Anup Singh’s loyalty, declare that South India is being “cleansed” and Hindu
resistance is weakening.)

Mughal General (proudly)

Badshah, Raja Anup Singh has faithfully carried out your orders. The temples are destroyed,
the books are burned, and the infidels are embracing Islam. He is very brave, he has
defeated all defiant kings in South India. He has subdued Golkunda, Bidar and Bijapur. He is
simply invincible. He has not spared any temple in the route and we are spreading islam
everywhere.

(Aurangzeb leans back, a triumphant smile spreading across his face.)

Aurangzeb (satisfied, nodding slowly)

Good. Very good. Raise his Mansabdari to 5000 from 3500 and now I give him the title
“Maharaja”.

(The Moulvis murmur in approval, praising the “success” of the campaign. Not one of them
realizes the truth.)

Scene: Anup Singh’s Palace – The Hidden Legacy

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(Inside the grand palace of Bikaner, hundreds of Hindu idols, scriptures, and books are
stored in underground chambers. Scholars, protected by Rajput warriors, copy texts,
preserving the wisdom of the ages.)

(Anup Singh watches as the sacred idols from South India are carefully placed inside
hidden sanctuaries. In his heart, he knows the day will come when they will be restored to
their rightful homes.)

(His people are safe. His dharma is intact. And most importantly—he has outplayed the
most ruthless emperor in history.)

(As the temple bells ring in the distance, Anup Singh stands in silent prayer before Maa
Karni, knowing that his greatest battle was fought in the shadows—and won.)

Curtain Falls.

Anup Singh had no army to openly fight Aurangzeb, but he waged a secret war—a war
of preservation, defiance, and resilience. History would never record his true victory,
but the temples that still stand today, the scriptures that still exist, and the people who
survived… all bear silent witness to his heroism.

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Title: The Sanctuary of Art and
Knowledge
A Historical Play in One Act

Scene: Aurangzeb’s Court – The War Against Artists

(Aurangzeb sits on his throne, his eyes dark with disdain. Before him stand artists, painters,
poets, and historians—once cherished in the Mughal court, now seen as useless in his
empire of rigid orthodoxy. The Moulvis stand at his side, their expressions cold and
triumphant.)

Aurangzeb (stern, unforgiving)

This court has no place for those who paint meaningless figures, who write false
histories, or who waste time in poetry.

(The artists and scholars exchange fearful glances. Some have served the empire for
generations—now they are being cast out like beggars.)

Moulvi (nodding in agreement)

Only the word of Allah is worthy of preservation. All else is corruption.

Aurangzeb (firmly, dismissing them)

Leave. All of you.

(The court falls silent. The dismissed men bow reluctantly and turn to go, their hearts
heavy. As they step outside the grand palace, they are left with nothing—no patron, no
livelihood, no home. The Mughal court has abandoned them.)

Scene: The Desperate Search for Refuge

(A group of painters, poets, and scholars wander through Delhi’s streets, uncertain of
where to go. Some head toward Rajputana, hoping for refuge, but they know most kings will
fear Aurangzeb’s wrath.)

(One historian, Abul Fazal’s descendant, speaks up.)

Historian (thoughtful, hesitant)

There is one king who may help us. Maharaja Anup Singh of Bikaner.

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Painter (hopeful, yet cautious)

But he serves Aurangzeb… Will he take us in?

Historian (firmly, with conviction)

Anup Singh is a Rajput. He is different from the Mughal court. He protects, not destroys. If
there is any place where art, history, and literature can still live—it is Bikaner. His chief
painter is Ruknuddin - Anup Singh gives him full respect.

(The group, now filled with new hope, sets out for Bikaner, uncertain of their fate, but
with faith in Anup Singh’s justice.)

Scene: The Court of Anup Singh – The Sanctuary of Art

(Inside the glorious court of Bikaner, Maharaja Anup Singh sits upon his throne. Unlike
Aurangzeb’s court, this hall is adorned with paintings, poetry, and manuscripts. Learned
men and artists are respected here. He listens intently as the exiled artists and historians
plead their case.)

Historian (bowing respectfully)

Maharaj, we were once proud servants of the Mughal court. But now, Aurangzeb has
banished us, cast us into darkness. We seek your protection.

Painter (softly, his voice filled with sorrow)

We only wish to paint, to write, to create. But in Aurangzeb’s world, art is a crime.

(Anup Singh watches them carefully. He knows that by taking them in, he is directly defying
Aurangzeb. But he also knows that Rajputana has always been a land of dharma,
knowledge, and culture. He cannot let it perish.)

Anup Singh (after a pause, his voice firm)

From this day forward, Bikaner is your home. He orders Ruknuddin (the chief painter in his
Darbar) to take all these painters in the service of the Darbar and ensure their comfort and
accommodation.

(The artists and scholars look up, shocked. They had expected hesitation, perhaps even
refusal. But here, they are welcomed.)

Anup Singh (proud, declaring to the court)

No man should be forced into silence for his faith, his art, or his words.

(The court erupts into murmurs of approval. The Rajputs, unlike the Mughals, respect
knowledge and talent.)

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Anup Singh (smiling slightly, to the painters)

Bikaner shall become a land where art flourishes. Paint not for kings, but for eternity.

(The painters bow deeply, their eyes gleaming with gratitude.)

Anup Singh (turning to the historians and poets)

History must be preserved—not just the history of kings, but the history of all people. In
Bikaner, no book shall be burned. No word shall be lost.

(The historians nod, humbled and relieved. They have found a sanctuary.)

Scene: Bikaner Becomes a Hub of Art and Learning

(Over time, Bikaner transforms into a thriving center of art and scholarship. Temples are
adorned with intricate murals. New manuscripts are written, and old ones—rescued from
Aurangzeb’s destruction—are copied and preserved.)

(A magnificent art school is built under Anup Singh’s patronage, where artists work
without fear. A grand library is established to house the books and knowledge that
Aurangzeb tried to erase.)

(The Mughal court, once known for its splendor, sinks into darkness under Aurangzeb’s
rule. But in Bikaner, art and wisdom flourish.)

(Even those in Delhi whisper of Anup Singh’s greatness. He has done what no one
dared—protected India’s soul from destruction.)

Scene: Aurangzeb’s Realization – The Emperor is Enraged

(Back in Delhi, Aurangzeb sits in court, hearing disturbing reports. His generals, cautious
and fearful, inform him of Anup Singh’s actions.)

Mughal General (nervous, hesitant)

Badshah, the artists and historians you expelled… they now serve in Bikaner.

Aurangzeb (his expression darkening)

What?

Moulvi (angrily, voice rising)

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Maharaja Anup Singh has built a refuge for the very people you cast out! He lets them
paint, write, and spread falsehoods! You are ignoring his acts. Rather you have given him
mansabadari of 5000! A reward for an infidel!

(Aurangzeb clenches his fists. His plan had been to eradicate Sanatana civilization, but
now, under Anup Singh’s protection, it thrives.)

Aurangzeb (gritting his teeth, whispering furiously)

I thought that he was following my orders and destroying Hindu temples in south India! Ohh!!
I had over 100 temples destroyed in the South directly under his presence. Whichever
temple I asked him to destroy, he said that he destroyed…. Anup Singh has deceived me.

(He stands abruptly, his rage uncontained. But deep inside, there is a truth he does not
wish to admit—he has been outplayed. Anup Singh has defied him, yet again, without
giving him secretly.)

Aurangzeb (cold, yet frustrated)

Let him have his artists. Let him have his poets. He may guard his books and paintings…
but he cannot escape my wrath forever. I will immediately

(The court watches in silence. The war between tyranny and preservation is far from over.)

Final Scene: Anup Singh Stands Firm

(in Adoni Fort (Andhra Pradesh, South India), Maharaja Anup Singh walks through the
palace, watching the artists at work, the historians copying manuscripts, the poets reciting
verses.)

(He knows Aurangzeb will not like all these. But for now, he has saved something
greater than a kingdom. He has saved India’s spirit in spite of being directly under
Aurengzeb.)

(He prays to Maa Karni, his guiding force. With a quiet prayer, he knows that his time is
short. He asks his sons Swarup Singh and Sujan Singh and loves them. He tells his
ministers to protect the great temples, statutes, books, literature, artists and the great art at
any cost. After a few days, he takes his last breath )

Curtain Falls.

Anup Singh had no army against Aurangzeb’s tyranny, but he had something more
powerful—the will to protect art, knowledge, and faith. Where the Mughal Empire
sought to erase, he preserved. And because of him, India’s heritage lived on.

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The Agenda of Aurangzeb​ ​ ​ ​ Page No. [ 59 ]
Title: The Wrath of Aurangzeb – The Fire
of Resistance
A Historical Play in One Act

Scene: Aurangzeb’s Court – The Moulvis’ Fury

(Inside the Mughal Darbar in Delhi, Aurangzeb sits on his grand throne, his expression dark
and brooding. Surrounding him are Moulvis, their faces filled with anger and frustration.)

Moulvi 1 (furious, pounding his staff on the floor)

Badshah, this is unacceptable! The infidels still walk freely! Their temples still stand!
Hindus still worship their false gods!

Moulvi 2 (spitefully)

And in Bikaner, that wretched Rajput Anup Singh protected those whom you cast out!
Poets, painters, historians— they thrived under his rule. Instead of Islam spreading, Hindu
culture is being preserved! Ya Allah! He has died now and we must destroy all these
infidels.

Moulvi 3 (venomous, seething with rage)

Is this the Mughal Empire of Islam that you promised us? Why do these idol-worshippers
still dare to breathe? Why are their temples not yet dust?

(The room echoes with murmurs of approval from the gathered Moulvis. The generals in the
court remain silent—they know the empire is struggling. But the Moulvis care only for one
thing: total Islamic rule.)

(Aurangzeb, though enraged, remains composed. He has always believed in

patience—but even his patience is wearing thin. He cannot ignore the growing frustration
in his court.)

Aurangzeb (cold, his voice slow and deliberate)

Do not doubt my will. Islam will reign supreme. I have not abandoned our mission.

(The Moulvis lean in, listening closely, their rage burning like fire.)

Aurangzeb (ruthless, unwavering)

I will erase every temple, from the smallest shrine to the greatest among them. The
Somnath Temple shall be destroyed once again, and its wealth shall be stripped for the

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glory of Islam. This time there is no Anup Singh to save it. I myself will lead this campaign
and destroy every temple on the way. I will ensure that no-one case save them….

(A murmur of satisfaction spreads through the Moulvis.)

Aurangzeb (eyes burning with fanaticism)

I will tighten my grip. No Hindu shall dare to raise his head. They shall live in eternal fear.

Moulvi 1 (nodding, satisfied)

That is the will of Allah.

Aurangzeb (declaring with finality)

Every Hindu who refuses to accept Islam shall be taxed into submission, beaten into
obedience, or killed as a warning to others.

(The Moulvis smile, pleased with Aurangzeb’s resolve.)

Moulvi 2 (smirking)

That is how a true Ghazi rules!

(But deep inside, Aurangzeb knows the truth—his empire is not what it once was. The
Rajputs are resisting. Shivaji has humiliated him. The Deccan remains unconquered. And
in Bikaner, the kingdom is protecting Hindu culture. The fire of resistance has not been
extinguished.)

(Aurangzeb clenches his fists. He cannot allow defiance to grow. He must act—swiftly and
mercilessly.)

Scene: Orders of Destruction – Somnath in Danger

(The next day, in the Mughal war chamber, Aurangzeb meets his generals. A large map of
India lies before them.)

Aurangzeb (pointing at Gujarat, voice sharp as a blade)

Somnath must fall once again.

Mughal General (bowing, hesitant)

Badshah, the temple was rebuilt by the Hindus after Mahmud of Ghazni’s invasion. It is
strong, and the local Rajput clans will resist.

Aurangzeb (gritting his teeth, furious)

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Then let them burn with it. Take 20,000 men. Smash the idols. Desecrate their gods. The
wealth of Somnath shall belong to Islam.

(The general bows, accepting the order. The mission of destruction has begun.)

(But Aurangzeb is not finished.)

Aurangzeb (turning to another general, eyes filled with cruelty)

And in Bikaner, Sujan Singh must be taught a lesson. His defiance has gone too far.
Aurangzeb asks his courtiers to give orders to Sujan Singh to get posted in South India and
help Aurangzeb in handling the battles in South India.

Aurangzeb (thinking deeply, then smirking slightly)

Then we shall keep him in South India only and keep him away from Somnath.

(A new, more sinister plot is forming in his mind. One that will not just destroy Sujan
Singh’s kingdom—but his very reputation.)

Scene: In the Palace of Sujan Singh – The Rajput Resistance

(Far away in Bikaner, Maharaja Sujan Singh stands on the balcony of his palace, watching
the sunset. Below, the streets are alive with artists, poets, and scholars. The air is filled
with the scent of incense and the distant ringing of temple bells. Bikaner remains a
sanctuary of culture and faith.)

(Behind him, his trusted ministers and generals await his command. News has reached
them—Aurangzeb’s wrath is coming.)

Rajput General (concerned)

Maharaj, Aurangzeb has ordered the destruction of Somnath Temple. His army is already
on the move.

(A hush falls over the court. Everyone knows what this means.)

Sujan Singh (gripping the balcony railing, his voice grim)

The demon does not rest.

Minister (urgently)

And now, Badshah will himself lead the army and he will send you to South India so that you
cannot protect our temples. He will not allow you or anyone else to protect our heritage. He
has got the complete story of our father’s secret activities. His spies are telling him
everything.

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(Sujan Singh turns, his expression unreadable. He knows Aurangzeb will never stop. But
neither will he.)

Sujan Singh (calm, yet unshaken)

Then we shall be ready.

(His ministers nod, determination in their eyes. The war is far from over—but Bikaner will
stand. The Rajputs will stand. The spirit of India will endure.)

(As the temple bells ring, Sujan Singh closes his eyes, whispering a prayer—not for
himself, but for the land he swore to protect.)

Curtain Falls.

Aurangzeb may rage, but Sujan Singh stands unbroken. The war for India’s soul has
begun—one fought not just with swords, but with resilience, faith, and defiance.

The Agenda of Aurangzeb​ ​ ​ ​ Page No. [ 63 ]

Title: The Fall of Aurangzeb – The End of
Tyranny
A Historical Play in One Act

Scene: Aurangzeb’s Court – 1706, The Bragging of a Tyrant

(The Mughal Darbar in Delhi is filled with the echo of Aurangzeb’s voice. He sits proudly
on his throne, surrounded by his loyal Moulvis and generals. His face is aged and
wrinkled, but his eyes burn with the same fanaticism that fueled his conquests.)

Aurangzeb (boasting, his voice filled with arrogance)

Tell me, O faithful servants of Islam—have I not done enough?

(The Moulvis nod, but some still look dissatisfied. Aurangzeb leans forward, eager to
remind them of his so-called “achievements.”)

Aurangzeb (smirking, listing his conquests with pride)

I have slaughtered the cow in the Chintamani Parshwanath Jain temple in Ahmedabad
and turned it into a mosque!

(The Moulvis murmur in approval.)

Aurangzeb (with a cruel smile)

I have razed a thousand temples to the ground! I have crushed the infidels’ spirit, forced
them into submission, and imposed the Jizya tax to remind them of their lowly status!

(His voice grows louder, triumphant, as he raises his hand.)

Aurangzeb (declaring)

And now, Somnath Temple is no more!

(The Moulvis cheer, chanting prayers in victory.)

Moulvi 1 (pleased, bowing his head)

Badshah, you have served Allah’s will.

Moulvi 2 (nodding, still skeptical)

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And yet… Hindus still remain. The Rajputs still resist. The Marathas still fight.

(Aurangzeb’s smirk fades. The mention of the Marathas sends a wave of unspoken
shame through the court. Despite all his cruelty, Shivaji’s legacy still stands. Aurangzeb
spent decades fighting the Deccan—only to fail.)

Aurangzeb (gritting his teeth, trying to mask his frustration)

They will be crushed… they will be wiped out…

(But as he speaks, something unexpected happens. A wave of dizziness rushes through

his body. His vision blurs. His head feels heavy. He tries to focus, but his body betrays him.)

Aurangzeb (stammering, gripping his throne for support)

What… what is this…?

(The Moulvis look at each other, confused. Aurangzeb clutches his chest, struggling to
breathe.)

Moulvi 3 (concerned, stepping forward)

Badshah?

(Aurangzeb tries to stand, but his legs fail him. His body shakes violently. His hands
tremble. He stumbles forward—and collapses onto the ground. Gasps fill the court.)

Aurangzeb (gasping, weakly whispering)

No… no… I… I am the chosen one…

(But his body does not listen. The tyrant who destroyed thousands of temples, who
spilled the blood of innocents, who tried to erase entire cultures—now lies helpless on
the floor. His arrogance shatters.)

(The Moulvis rush toward him, calling for help, but deep inside, fear grips them. The
empire is crumbling. Aurangzeb is dying. The curse of Somnath is choking Aurangzeb and
medicines have stopped working)

(As Aurangzeb’s vision fades, he hears something—a distant sound, faint yet clear. It is not
the sound of prayers or war drums. It is the sound of temple bells.)

(He shivers. For the first time in his life, fear consumes him.)

Scene: One Year Later – The Death of Aurangzeb

(this is 3/3/ 1707. The once-mighty Aurangzeb lies on his deathbed in his military camp
at Ahmednagar, frail and weak. His beard is white, his body skin and bones. His
empire—once vast and unchallenged—is now crumbling.)

The Agenda of Aurangzeb​ ​ ​ ​ Page No. [ 65 ]

(He coughs violently, unable to move. His generals and Moulvis stand nearby, silent. The
air is heavy with the weight of fate.)

(His once-loyal advisors whisper among themselves. The truth is clear—the Mughal Empire
is dying with him. The Marathas have risen. The Rajputs are unshaken. The Sikhs have
begun their resistance. His dream of an Islamic-only empire has failed.)

(Aurangzeb’s eyes flicker open. His voice is barely a whisper.)

Aurangzeb (weak, regretful)

I have… achieved nothing…

(No one speaks. The weight of history is upon them.)

Aurangzeb (whispering to himself, his breathing shallow)

Where… is my wealth?

(A servant steps forward hesitantly, bowing.)

Servant (softly)

Badshah… there are only Rs. 300/- left - all are gone….

(Aurangzeb’s eyes widen in horror as he again and again listens the bells of Somnath
temple, Chintamani Parshwanath Temple and other temples that he had destroyed… He
seems to have lost the strength he was known for. The empire he spent a lifetime
building—is empty. His greed, his cruelty, his tyranny—all in vain.)

Aurangzeb (a whisper, filled with realization and fear)

What… have I done…?

(No one answers. There is nothing left to say.)

(A final breath escapes his lips. His body goes still. The mighty Aurangzeb—the tyrant of
India, the destroyer of temples, the persecutor of Hindus— is dead. Though he is the
emperor of India - noone respects him - not even his own sons - who are busy in fighting
with each other over the issue of succession)

(A silence follows. A silence that echoes through history.)

Scene: The Dawn of a New Era

(Far away, in Bikaner, Jaipur, Jodhpur, and across India, temple bells ring again. The
news spreads—Aurangzeb is no more. His empire, once feared, is now fractured. His
legacy, one of violence and oppression, is cursed by history.)

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(In Somnath, pilgrims return. The temple that he tried to destroy—will rise again.)

(In Bikaner, Maharaja Sujan Singh stands before the hidden idols and sacred books
that he along with his father saved - he dedicates them to the world as Anup Sangrahalaya.
A smile touches his lips. The flame of dharma still burns. He whispers to himself:)

Sujan Singh (softly, looking at the idols)

We could survive and endure and saved our heritage - which were sure to be destroyed
completely.

(And across India, from the Rajputs to the Marathas, from the Sikhs to the common
people, a new era begins. The darkness of Aurangzeb has passed. The future belongs to
those who never surrendered.)

Curtain Falls.

Aurangzeb is gone. His bigotry and cruelty is remembered—but so is the resilience of

India. The temples, the sanatana faith, the great culture—they were all destroyed by him -
But some of them were revived. His name may be written in history, but his tyranny could
never erase the soul of Bharat. Many Jain and HIndu temples were desecreted by Cow
Slaughters - and converted into Mosques - but the relations of collaboration, mutual respect
and collective co-existence continued unabated - Muslims, Jains and Hindus continued living
together - giving each other due respect, trying to forget the exception of Aurangzeb. This is
the country of the great Bharat!!!

The Agenda of Aurangzeb​ ​ ​ ​ Page No. [ 67 ]

FAQs on this play :

🌟 Section 1: Aurangzeb and his Relations with Rajputs

1.​ Who was Aurangzeb?​
Aurangzeb was the sixth Mughal emperor, ruling from 1658 to 1707, known for his
expansionist policies and strict enforcement of Islamic laws.
2.​ How did Aurangzeb's policies differ from his predecessors regarding Rajputs?​
Unlike Akbar, who followed a policy of diplomacy and alliance with Rajputs,
Aurangzeb adopted a more aggressive stance, often trying to subjugate them by
force.
3.​ Which Rajput ruler of Jodhpur had conflicts with Aurangzeb?​
Maharaja Jaswant Singh of Jodhpur had a tumultuous relationship with Aurangzeb,
resisting his authority on multiple occasions.
4.​ Who led the Rajput rebellion against Aurangzeb after Jaswant Singh's death?​
Veer Durga Das Rathore, the chief minister of Jodhpur, played a key role in opposing
Aurangzeb and protecting Jaswant Singh's heirs.
5.​ What was the significance of the Rajput rebellion during Aurangzeb's reign?​
The rebellion weakened Mughal control over Rajputana and showcased the defiance
and valor of Rajput leaders like Durga Das Rathore.
6.​ Did any Rajput rulers support Aurangzeb?​
Some Rajput rulers, like Jai Singh I of Jaipur, maintained a cautious alliance with
Aurangzeb initially but often harbored resentment towards his rigid policies.
7.​ What was Aurangzeb's stance on Rajput heritage and temples?​
Aurangzeb ordered the destruction of some prominent temples, like the Vishwanath
temple in Kashi, which fueled Rajput and broader Hindu resistance.
8.​ Which Rajput kingdoms opposed Aurangzeb's religious policies?​
The kingdoms of Jodhpur, Mewar, and Marwar were vocal in their opposition to
Aurangzeb's religious intolerance.
9.​ How did Aurangzeb try to control Jodhpur after Jaswant Singh's death?​
Aurangzeb attempted to place Jodhpur under direct Mughal control by appointing his
own governors and refusing to recognize Jaswant Singh’s young son.
10.​What was the result of Aurangzeb’s campaigns against the Rajputs?​
Despite his efforts, Aurangzeb failed to fully subdue the Rajputs, and their rebellion
significantly weakened Mughal influence in Rajasthan.

🏹 Section 2: Rajputana and Its Rulers

Bikaner Rajput Rulers
11.​Who was Karan Singh of Bikaner?​
Karan Singh ruled Bikaner from 1631 to 1669 and maintained a delicate balance

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 between loyalty to the Mughals and preserving and protecting Sanatana Dharma - he
cleverly safeguarded all Rajput rulers when Aurangzeb planned a plot to convert all
of them into Islam.
12.​How did Karan Singh interact with Aurangzeb?​
Karan Singh initially supported Aurangzeb during his war of succession but later
distanced himself due to Aurangzeb’s conversion policies.
13.​Who succeeded Karan Singh as the ruler of Bikaner?​
Sujan Singh succeeded Karan Singh in 1669 and ruled Bikaner until 1687.
14.​What was Sujan Singh’s relationship with the Mughal court?​
Sujan Singh tried to maintain diplomatic ties with Aurangzeb but struggled to keep
Bikaner free from Mughal interference.
15.​Did Bikaner support the Rajput rebellion against Aurangzeb?​
While not directly opposing Aurangzeb, Bikaner subtly supported the broader Rajput
cause by refusing to fully comply with Mughal demands.

Jaipur Rajput Rulers

16.​Who was Jai Singh I of Jaipur?​
Jai Singh I, also known as Mirza Raja Jai Singh, ruled Jaipur from 1621 to 1667 and
was a prominent Mughal general.
17.​What role did Jai Singh I play in Aurangzeb’s military campaigns?​
Jai Singh I led several campaigns for Aurangzeb, including the siege of Bijapur and
the Deccan wars.
18.​How did Jai Singh I balance his loyalty to the Mughals and his Rajput identity?​
Jai Singh I supported the Mughal army but actively protected Rajput culture and
heritage within his kingdom.
19.​Who succeeded Jai Singh I?​
His son, Ram Singh I, succeeded him as the ruler of Jaipur.
20.​Did Jaipur openly rebel against Aurangzeb?​
While Jaipur didn’t openly rebel, it often resisted Aurangzeb’s attempts to impose
strict Islamic laws on Rajputana.

Jodhpur Rajput Rulers

21.​Who was Jaswant Singh of Jodhpur?​
Jaswant Singh ruled Jodhpur from 1638 to 1678 and was a prominent military leader
under Shah Jahan and Aurangzeb.
22.​What was Jaswant Singh’s role in Aurangzeb’s court?​
Jaswant Singh fought in Aurangzeb’s Deccan campaigns but clashed with the
emperor over his anti-Hindu policies. Aurangzeb wanted to kill him - but couldnt -
however, he did got his son Prithvi Singh killed treacherously. Aurangzeb wanted to
destroy all these Rajput kings so that he could easily convert all these states into
Islamic States.
23.​How did Jodhpur resist Aurangzeb’s control after Jaswant Singh’s death?​
Jaswant Singh’s death led to a power struggle, with Veer Durga Das Rathore rallying
Rajput forces against Mughal dominance.

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 24.​Who was Veer Durga Das Rathore?​
Veer Durga Das was the chief minister of Jodhpur and a fierce opponent of
Aurangzeb, leading the fight to protect Jaswant Singh’s heir.
25.​How did Durga Das Rathore contribute to Rajput resistance?​
He played a crucial role in safeguarding Ajit Singh, the infant son of Jaswant Singh,
and mobilized Rajput forces against Mughal control.

🏰 Section 3: Art, Culture, and Heritage

26.​What was the state of Rajput art and architecture during this period?​
Rajput art flourished with intricate frescoes, palace paintings, and impressive fort
designs that blended Hindu and Mughal styles.
27.​Which are the famous forts built by Rajput rulers in this era?​
Key forts include Mehrangarh Fort (Jodhpur), Amber Fort (Jaipur), and Junagarh Fort
(Bikaner).
28.​What was the significance of Mehrangarh Fort?​
Mehrangarh Fort, expanded by Jaswant Singh, symbolized Jodhpur's strength and
resilience against the Mughals.
29.​What is the Chintamani Parshwanath Temple?​
It was a very old temple - which was destroyed and converted into a mosque by
Aurangzeb - who orders for cow slaughter in this temple and conversion of all the
people living here into Islam (similarly many other Jain temples were destroyed and
converted into Mosque by Aurangzeb and other such cruel monsters). Later on the
Jain donor Khushalchand Built another temple with this name in 1790 (at nearby
location in Ahmedabad itself), the new Chintamani Parshwanath Temple is a
masterpiece of Jain architecture, renowned for its detailed marble carvings, reflecting
the Rajput-Jain cultural alliance.
30.​Why is the Somnath Temple famous?​
The Somnath Temple, repeatedly destroyed and rebuilt, symbolizes Hindu resistance
against invaders and was a spiritual beacon for Rajputs.
31.​How did Rajput rulers contribute to temple architecture?​
Despite Mughal pressure, Rajput rulers patronized the construction and preservation
of temples like Eklingji Temple (Mewar) and Jagdish Temple (Udaipur).

32.​Which artistic styles flourished under Rajput rulers during this period?​
The Rajasthani school of painting — including the Marwar, Mewar, Bundi, Bikaneri
and Kishangarh styles — thrived, characterized by vibrant colors, depictions of royal
life, and religious themes.
33.​What was the role of music in Rajput courts?​
Music played a vital role in Rajput courts, with rulers patronizing classical Indian
music, folk traditions, and devotional bhajans, blending Mughal and local influences.

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 34.​Which famous Rajput queen was a notable patron of art and music?​
Maharani Charumati of Mewar was known for supporting musicians, poets, and
artists during her time.
35.​What are some key Rajput literary works from this era?​
Prominent works include Veer Vinod by Shyamal Das, chronicling the history of
Mewar, and various poetic compositions by court poets like Kavi Bhushan.

Forts and Palaces

36.​Which fort served as the stronghold of Jodhpur’s Rathore dynasty?​
Mehrangarh Fort was the main fort of Jodhpur, standing tall against Mughal invasions
and showcasing Rajput valor.
37.​What is special about Amber Fort in Jaipur?​
Built by Raja Man Singh I and expanded by his successors, Amber Fort features a
blend of Hindu and Mughal architecture, with ornate mirror work in the Sheesh
Mahal.
38.​Which famous fort was expanded by Karan Singh of Bikaner?​
Junagarh Fort in Bikaner was expanded under Karan Singh’s reign, with stunning
palaces like Anup Mahal and Karan Mahal.
39.​Why was Kumbhalgarh Fort significant?​
Kumbhalgarh Fort in Mewar, with its massive walls (second only to the Great Wall of
China), symbolized Rajput strength and resilience.
40.​What role did Rajput forts play during Aurangzeb’s reign?​
These forts served as military strongholds and cultural centers, offering refuge during
Mughal invasions and preserving Rajput traditions.

Temples and Religious Sites

41.​What is the Chintamani Parshwanath Temple known for?​
Located in Ahmedabad, this Jain temple is renowned for its intricate marble carvings,
built by Jain merchant Shri Khushalchand in 1790.
42.​Which Rajput ruler supported the rebuilding of the Somnath Temple?​
Though Aurangzeb ordered its destruction, later Rajput rulers like those of Mewar
supported its restoration as a symbol of Hindu resilience.
43.​What was the role of the Eklingji Temple in Mewar’s culture?​
Dedicated to Lord Shiva, Eklingji Temple was considered the spiritual seat of Mewar's
rulers, symbolizing their divine right to rule.
44.​Which temple did Jai Singh I of Jaipur restore?​
Jai Singh I helped restore the Govind Dev Ji Temple in Vrindavan, showing his
devotion to Lord Krishna despite his ties to the Mughal court.

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 45.​How did Rajput rulers balance religion and diplomacy with the Mughals?​
They maintained diplomatic ties with the Mughals while quietly supporting Hindu
temples and traditions, blending political strategy with cultural preservation.

⚔️ Section 5: Key Rajput Figures and Their Legacy

Rulers of Bikaner
46.​What were Karan Singh's key contributions to Bikaner?​
Karan Singh strengthened Bikaner's military, fortified Junagarh Fort, and prevented
conversion of Rajputs into Islam (which was planned by Aurangzeb) - he was able to
strategically safeguard all the Rajput rulers from the plot of Aurangzeb by destroying
all the boats in river Indus - and returned back to Rajputana to safeguard themselves.
47.​How did Sujan Singh handle Bikaner’s relations with Aurangzeb?​
Sujan Singh maintained diplomacy but resisted Mughal overreach, subtly supporting
the Rajput rebellion.
48.​What was Bikaner’s role in the Rajput resistance?​
Though less militant than Jodhpur or Mewar, Bikaner offered strategic support to the
Sanatana Dharma cause, preserving its rich heritage and protecting temples
wherever possible.

Rulers of Jaipur
49.​What were Jai Singh I’s major achievements?​
Jai Singh I was a skilled military commander, participating in Aurangzeb’s campaigns
while secretly safeguarding Rajput culture in Jaipur.
50.​How did Ram Singh I of Jaipur navigate Aurangzeb’s reign?​
Ram Singh I sought to balance loyalty to the Mughal throne with subtle resistance,
shielding Jaipur’s Hindu heritage from imperial interference.

Rulers of Jodhpur

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 51.​What made Jaswant Singh of Jodhpur a significant figure?​
Jaswant Singh defended Jodhpur's autonomy, led Mughal campaigns in the Deccan,
and resisted Aurangzeb's attempts to control Rajputana.
52.​Why is Veer Durga Das Rathore remembered?​
Durga Das Rathore heroically defended Jodhpur's sovereignty after Jaswant Singh's
death, protecting the young prince Ajit Singh from Mughal capture.
53.​How did Ajit Singh of Jodhpur reclaim his throne?​
With Durga Das's support, Ajit Singh waged a prolonged resistance against the
Mughals, reclaiming Jodhpur from Aurangzeb's rule.

🏹 Section 6: The Rajput Rebellion and Its Impact

54.​What triggered the Rajput rebellion against Aurangzeb?​
Aurangzeb's attempts to impose Islamic laws, demolish temples, and control Rajput
territories fueled widespread discontent.
55.​Who led the Rajput rebellion of 1679?​
Veer Durga Das Rathore was the main leader, rallying Rajput clans against Mughal
dominance.
56.​What was the outcome of the rebellion?​
Though the Mughals retained some control, the rebellion significantly weakened their
grip over Rajputana, fostering a renewed sense of independence.
57.​How did the rebellion affect Jodhpur?​
Jodhpur emerged as a symbol of defiance, with Ajit Singh ultimately reclaiming his
kingdom after Aurangzeb's death.

🌺 Section 7: Rajput Art and Cultural Legacy

58.​What is the significance of the Kishangarh school of painting?​
Originating in Rajasthan, the Kishangarh school is famous for its ethereal portrayals
of Radha-Krishna and courtly life.
59.​Which Rajput ruler supported the development of miniature paintings?​
Raja Savant Singh of Kishangarh patronized miniature artists, contributing to the
golden age of Rajasthani art.
60.​What role did Rajput women play in preserving culture?​
Rajput queens and princesses were patrons of the arts, commissioning temples,
manuscripts, and music despite the turbulent political climate.

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 61.​How did Rajput architecture blend Hindu and Mughal styles?​
Rajput forts and palaces combined Islamic arches and domes with Hindu carvings
and motifs, creating a distinctive architectural style.
62.​Which Rajput festival celebrated cultural heritage during this time?​
Festivals like Teej and Gangaur flourished, showcasing Rajput women’s devotion,
art, and traditions.

Famous Temples of the Era

63.​What is the significance of the Chintamani Parshwanath Jain Temple in Ahmedabad?​
It was a very old temple - which was destroyed and converted into a mosque by
Aurangzeb - who orders for cow slaughter in this temple and conversion of all the
people living here into Islam (similarly many other Jain temples were destroyed and
converted into Mosque by Aurangzeb and other such cruel monsters). Later on the
Jain donor Khushalchand Built another temple with this name in 1790 (at nearby
location in Ahmedabad itself), the new Chintamani Parshwanath Temple is a
masterpiece of Jain architecture, renowned for its detailed marble carvings, reflecting
the Rajput-Jain cultural alliance.
64.​Why was the Somnath Temple important to Rajputs?​
The Somnath Temple symbolized Hindu resistance and devotion. Despite repeated
destructions, including one ordered by Aurangzeb, Rajput rulers supported its
restoration, showcasing their defiance and faith.
65.​Which Rajput king is associated with the Eklingji Temple in Mewar?​
Rana Kumbha and his successors considered Eklingji (Lord Shiva) their family deity,
treating the temple as a spiritual and political center of Mewar.
66.​What role did the Jagdish Temple of Udaipur play in Rajput heritage?​
Built by Maharana Jagat Singh I in 1651, the Jagdish Temple served as a cultural
landmark, representing Rajput dedication to Lord Vishnu.
67.​How did Rajputs protect temples from Aurangzeb’s destruction?​
Many temples were disguised as homes or simple structures, while some idols were
hidden or moved to safer locations, like how priests protected deities from Kashi and
Mathura.
68.​Which temple did Jai Singh II of Jaipur famously protect?​
Jai Singh II moved the idol of Govind Dev Ji from Vrindavan to his palace in Jaipur to
save it from Aurangzeb’s destruction.
69.​What is the Nathdwara Temple known for?​
The Nathdwara Temple, dedicated to Lord Krishna, gained importance when the idol
of Shreenathji was moved from Mathura to Mewar during Aurangzeb’s reign.

Section 8: Rajput Art and Culture

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 70.​What is the Mewar school of painting?​
The Mewar school emphasized bright colors, heroic themes, and detailed depictions
of court life, often showcasing Rajput kings in battle or at religious ceremonies.
71.​Who was the famous Rajput artist associated with Kishangarh paintings?​
Nihal Chand created the iconic images of Radha and Krishna in the Kishangarh
school, blending spiritual devotion with romanticism.
72.​Which Rajput kingdom was a major patron of miniature paintings?​
The kingdoms of Kishangarh, Jaipur, and Mewar were famous patrons of miniature
art, commissioning works that combined Mughal techniques with Rajput themes.
73.​What materials were used in Rajput paintings?​
Artists used natural dyes, gold leaf, and fine brushes, often painting on paper, silk, or
walls of palaces and temples.
74.​How did Rajput paintings reflect their heritage?​
The art depicted themes of valor, love, devotion, and Hindu mythology, often showing
gods, battles, and royal processions.

Forts and Palaces

75.​Which fort did Jaswant Singh of Jodhpur expand?​
Mehrangarh Fort was expanded under Jaswant Singh, fortifying Jodhpur’s defenses
against Mughal aggression.
76.​What makes Junagarh Fort in Bikaner unique?​
Built by Raja Rai Singh, it is one of the few forts never conquered, symbolizing
Bikaner’s strength and strategic diplomacy.
77.​Which famous structure did Jai Singh I of Jaipur build for astronomical studies?​
He constructed the first Jantar Mantar in Delhi, laying the foundation for his future
astronomical observatories.
78.​What role did Amber Fort play during this period?​
Amber Fort was the main seat of the Kachwaha Rajputs of Jaipur, blending Rajput
and Mughal styles, with notable additions by Jai Singh I.
79.​Which palace in Udaipur represents Rajput architecture?​
City Palace of Udaipur showcases Rajput grandeur, with intricately carved balconies,
courtyards, and stunning views of Lake Pichola.
80.​Why was Kumbhalgarh Fort vital for Mewar?​
Built by Rana Kumbha, its massive walls and remote location made it a formidable
stronghold, often serving as a refuge during Mughal invasions.

⚔️ Section 9: Rajput Resistance and Alliances

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Rajput Rebellions Against Aurangzeb
81.​What sparked the Rajput rebellion of 1679?​
Aurangzeb’s reimposition of the jizya tax, temple destruction, and his attempt to
directly control Rajput territories fueled the rebellion.
82.​Which Rajput leaders spearheaded the rebellion?​
Veer Durga Das Rathore of Jodhpur led the resistance, along with support from the
rulers of Mewar and Jaipur.
83.​How did Veer Durga Das protect Ajit Singh?​
After Jaswant Singh’s death, Durga Das smuggled the infant prince Ajit Singh out of
Delhi, rallying Rajput forces to secure his throne.
84.​What was the result of Ajit Singh’s fight for Jodhpur?​
Ajit Singh reclaimed Jodhpur in 1707 after Aurangzeb’s death, solidifying Rajput
defiance against Mughal control.
85.​Did any Rajput rulers support Aurangzeb?​
Some, like Jai Singh I of Jaipur, initially supported him for political gain but later
distanced themselves due to his religious extremism.

Rajput-Mughal Relations
86.​What role did Mirza Raja Jai Singh I play in Mughal campaigns?​
Jai Singh I was a prominent Mughal general, leading campaigns in the Deccan, but
he simultaneously worked to protect Rajput interests.
87.​How did Rajput rulers balance loyalty to Mughals with their cultural identity?​
They often accepted Mughal titles but preserved their traditions by funding temples,
supporting artists, and resisting forced conversions.
88.​Why did Aurangzeb’s Rajput policy fail?​
His harsh policies alienated loyal Rajput allies, pushing many into open rebellion and
weakening Mughal control in Rajputana.
89.​Which Rajput ruler married into the Mughal family to secure peace?​
Man Singh I of Amber (Jaipur) married his sister to Akbar, starting the Mughal-Rajput
alliance, but this dynamic soured under Aurangzeb.
90.​How did Rajput women contribute to diplomacy?​
Rajput queens often played key roles in diplomatic marriages, maintaining fragile
peace between their kingdoms and the Mughal court.

🌺 Section 10: Rajput Legacy and Heritage

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 91.​What lasting impact did Rajputs have on Indian culture?​
Rajputs preserved India’s heritage through their art, temples, and architecture,
blending Hindu and Mughal styles into a unique cultural identity.
92.​How did the Rajput rebellion affect Mughal power?​
It weakened Aurangzeb’s empire, encouraging other regions like the Marathas and
Sikhs to revolt, accelerating the Mughal decline.
93.​What traditions from this era are still celebrated today?​
Festivals like Gangaur (dedicated to Parvati) and Teej (celebrating marriage and
monsoon) continue to reflect Rajput traditions.
94.​Which Rajput fort is now a UNESCO World Heritage site?​
Kumbhalgarh Fort and Amber Fort are now UNESCO sites, preserving Rajput
architectural brilliance.
95.​How did Rajput miniature paintings influence modern art?​
They inspired contemporary Rajasthani artists, keeping the tradition of vibrant,
intricate artwork alive.

​The history of Bikaner during the 17th century is marked by the reigns of Maharaja Karan

Singh and his sons—Padam Singh, Kesari Singh, and Anup Singh—each contributing

significantly to the region's heritage and legacy.​

Maharaja Karan Singh (1631–1669): Ascending the throne in 1631, Maharaja Karan Singh

was instrumental in architectural advancements within Bikaner. He commissioned the

construction of the Karan Mahal palace, which later rulers expanded and adorned, reflecting

the evolving aesthetic sensibilities of the era. ​

During the Mughal succession conflict, Karan Singh aligned with Aurangzeb. His sons,

Padam Singh and Kesari Singh, showcased their valor in the decisive battle against Dara

Shikoh, earning the emperor's favor. ​

Padam Singh and Kesari Singh: Both sons of Maharaja Karan Singh, Padam Singh and

Kesari Singh, played pivotal roles in supporting Aurangzeb during the Mughal succession

wars. Their military prowess in the battle against Dara Shikoh not only bolstered their father's

position but also solidified their standing in the Mughal court. ​Maharaja Anup Singh

(1669–1698): Succeeding Karan Singh, Maharaja Anup Singh was renowned for his military

acumen and cultural patronage. He participated in several Mughal campaigns in the Deccan,

notably leading the assault that resulted in the fall of the Golconda Sultanate. In recognition

of his service, Aurangzeb conferred upon him the title of "Maharaja" and honored him with

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the Mahi Maratib distinction. Beyond his military achievements, Anup Singh was a

distinguished scholar and patron of the arts. He amassed a vast collection of manuscripts

and established the Anup Sanskrit Library in Bikaner, fostering a rich cultural and intellectual

environment. ​

Karanpur, Padampur, and Kesripur in Aurangabad, Maharashtra: The names Karanpur,

Padampur, and Kesripur are commemorations of Maharaja Karan Singh and his sons who

spent their last time (exile) here.

In summary, the legacies of Maharaja Karan Singh and his sons are deeply embedded in

Bikaner's history through their military alliances, architectural contributions, and cultural

patronage. While their influence was profound in Rajasthan, any direct connections to place

names in Aurangabad remain speculative without concrete historical documentation.​

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