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Namespace Notes

A namespace in C++ is a container for identifiers like variables, functions, and classes, helping to organize code and prevent naming conflicts. It allows multiple libraries to define the same names without conflict and can be accessed using the scope resolution operator (::). Key features include the ability to create nested namespaces, use aliases, and define anonymous namespaces for local file scope.

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50 views3 pages

Namespace Notes

A namespace in C++ is a container for identifiers like variables, functions, and classes, helping to organize code and prevent naming conflicts. It allows multiple libraries to define the same names without conflict and can be accessed using the scope resolution operator (::). Key features include the ability to create nested namespaces, use aliases, and define anonymous namespaces for local file scope.

Uploaded by

MD Waseem
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Namespace in C++ – Complete Notes

What is a Namespace?
A namespace in C++ is a container that holds a set of identifiers such as variables,
functions, and classes. It helps to organize code and avoid name conflicts.

Why Use Namespaces?


- Prevents naming conflicts in large programs
- Organizes code better
- Allows multiple libraries to define the same function or variable name without
conflict

Syntax of Namespace
namespace namespace_name {
// declarations
}

To access:
namespace_name::identifier;

Example 1: Basic Usage


#include <iostream>
using namespace std;

namespace myNamespace {
void display() {
cout << "Inside myNamespace!" << endl;
}
}

int main() {
myNamespace::display();
return 0;
}

Output:
Inside myNamespace!
Example 2: Avoiding Name Conflict
#include <iostream>
using namespace std;

void show() {
cout << "Global show()" << endl;
}

namespace demo {
void show() {
cout << "Namespace demo::show()" << endl;
}
}

int main() {
show(); // Global version
demo::show(); // Namespace version
return 0;
}

Using 'using' Keyword


You can avoid writing namespace_name:: again and again by using the using
keyword:

using namespace demo;

Now you can directly call show() if there's no conflict.

Nested Namespaces
namespace outer {
namespace inner {
void greet() {
cout << "Hello from inner namespace!" << endl;
}
}
}

int main() {
outer::inner::greet();
return 0;
}

Namespace Alias
namespace shortname = outer::inner;

int main() {
shortname::greet();
return 0;
}

Anonymous Namespace
Used when you want to keep things local to a file:

namespace {
void secret() {
cout << "Inside anonymous namespace" << endl;
}
}

Key Points:
- Namespaces help avoid naming conflicts
- Use scope resolution (::) to access namespace members
- 'using' makes access easier
- Nested, alias, and anonymous namespaces add flexibility

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