Simultaneous Linear

Exercise 1 Exercise 2

Solve the following systems of Solve the following systems of

simultaneous linear equations by the simultaneous linear equations by the
substitution method (1 to 4): elimination method (1 to 9):
Q1. (i) x + y = 14 Q1. (i) 3x + 4y = 10
x–y=4 2x – 2y = 2
(ii) s – t = 3 (ii) 2x = 5y + 4
s/3 + t/2 = 6 3x – 2y + 16 = 0
(iii) 2x + 3y = 9 Q2. (i) ¾ x – 2/3 y = 1
3x + 4y = 5 3/8 x – 1/6 y = 1
(iv) 3x – 5y = 4 (ii) 2x – 3y – 3 = 0
9x – 2y = 7 2x/3 + 4y + ½ = 0.
Q2. (i) a + 3b = 5 Q3. (i) 15x – 14y = 117
7a – 8b = 6 14x – 15y = 115
(ii) 5x + 4y – 4 = 0 (ii) 41x + 53y = 135
x – 20 = 12y 53x + 41y = 147.
Q3. (i) 2x – 3y/4 = 3 Q4. (i) x/6 = y – 6
5x – 2y – 7 = 0 3x/4 = 1 + y
(ii) 2x + 3y = 23 (ii) x – 2/3 y = 8/3
5x – 20 = 8y 2x/5 – y = 7/5.
Q4. (i) mx – ny = m2 + n2 Q5. (i) 9 – (x – 4) = y + 7
x + y = 2m 2 (x + y) = 4 – 3y
(ii) 2x/a + y/b = 2 (ii) 2x + (x – y)/ 6 = 2
x/a – y/b = 4 x – (2x + y)/3 = 1.
Q5. Solve 2x + y = 35, 3x + 4y = 65. Hence, Q6. x – 3y = 3x – 1 = 2x – y.
find the value of x/y.
Q7. (i) 4x + (x – y)/ 8 = 17
Q6. Solve the simultaneous equations 3x –
2y + x – (5y + 2)/3 = 2
y = 5, 4x – 3y = – 1. Hence, find p, if y = px –
3. (ii) (x + 1)/2 + (y – 1)/3 = 8
(x – 1)/3 + (y + 1)/ 2 = 9.

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Q8. (i) 3/x + 4y = 7 ax + by = a2 – b2

5/x + 6y = 13 (ii) 2bx + ay = 2ab
(ii) 5x – 9 = 1/y bx – ay = 4ab.
x + 1/y = 3. Exercise 4
Q9. (i) px + qy = p – q Solve the following pairs of linear
equations (1 to 5):
qx – py = p + q
Q1. (i) 2/x + 2/3y = 1/6
(ii) x/a – y/b = 0
2/x – 1/y = 1
ax + by = a2 + b2.
(ii) 3/2x + 2/3y = 5
Q10. Solve 2x + y = 23, 4x – y = 19. Hence,
find the values of x – 3y and 5y – 2x. 5/x – 3/y = 1.
Q11. The expression ax + by has value 7 Q2. (i) (7x – 2y)/ xy = 5
when x = 2, y = 1. When x = – 1, y = 1, it has
(8x + 7y)/ xy = 15
value 1, find a and b.
Q12. Can the following equations hold (ii) 99x + 101y = 499xy
simultaneously? 101x + 99y = 501xy.
3x – 7y = 7 Q3. (i) 3x + 14y = 5xy
11x + 5y = 87 21y – x = 2xy
5x + 4y = 43. (ii) 3x + 5y = 4xy
If so, find x and y. 2y – x = xy.
Exercise 3 Q4. (i) 20/ (x + 1) + 4/ (y – 1) = 5
1. Solve the following systems of 10/ (x + 1) – 4/ (y – 1) = 1
simultaneous linear equations by cross-
multiplication method: (ii) 3/ (x + y) + 2/ (x – y) = 3

(i) 3x + 2y = 4 2/ (x + y) + 3/ (x – y) = 11/3.

8x + 5y = 9 Q5. (i) 1/ 2(2x + 3y) + 12/ 7(3x – 2y) = ½

(ii) 3x – 7y + 10 = 0 7/ (2x + 3y) + 4/ (3x – 2y) = 2

y – 2x = 3. (ii) 1/ 2(x + 2y) + 5/ 3(3x – 2y) = – 3/2

2. Solve the following pairs of linear 5/ 4(x + 2y) – 3/ 5 (3x – 2y) = 61/60.
equations by cross-multiplication Chapter Test
method:
Solve the following simultaneous
(i) x – y = a + b linear equations (1 to 4):

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1.(i) 2x – (¾)y = 3, 7. Can x, y be found to satisfy the

following equations simultaneously ?
5x – 2y = 7
(ii) 2(x-4) = 9y+2
x – 6y = 2
2. (i) 97x+53y = 177
53x+97y = 573
(ii) x+y = 5.5 If so, find them.
x-y = 0.9
SOLUTION
3. (i) x+y = 7xy
Exercise 1
2x-3y+xy = 0
Solve the following systems of
(ii) simultaneous linear equations by the
substitution method (1 to 4):
1. (i) x + y = 14
x–y=4
(ii) s – t = 3
4. (i) ax+by = a-b s/3 + t/2 = 6
bx-ay = a+b (iii) 2x + 3y = 9
(ii) 3x + 2y = 2xy 3x + 4y = 5
(iv) 3x – 5y = 4
9x – 2y = 7
Solution:
5. Solve 2x -(3/y) =9
(i) x + y = 14
3x + (7/y) = 2.
x–y=4
Hence find the value of k if x = ky + 5.
It can be written as
6. Solve,
x=4+y
By substituting the value in the above
equation
. 4 + y + y = 14
By further calculation

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2y = 14 – 4 = 10 Equation (1) can be written as

Dividing by 2 2x = 9 – 3y
y = 10/2 = 5 x = (9 – 3y)/ 2 …. (3)
So we get By substituting the value of x in equation
(2)
x=4+5=9
3 × (9 – 3y)/ 2 + 4y = 5
Hence, x = 9 and y = 5.
By further calculation
(ii) s – t = 3
(27 – 9y)/ 2 + 4y = 5
s/3 + t/2 = 6
By taking LCM
By taking LCM
27 – 9y + 8y = 10
2s + 3t = 6 × 6 = 36
So we get
We know that
-y = – 17
s – t = 3 …. (1)
y = 17
2s + 3t = 36 ….. (2)
Substituting y in equation (3)
So we get
x = [9 – (3 × 17)]/ 2
s = 3 + t …. (3)
By further calculation
By substituting the value of s in equation
(2) x = (9 – 51)/ 2
2 (3 + t) + 3t = 36 x = – 21
By further calculation Hence, x = – 21 and y = 17.
6 + 2t + 3t = 36 (iv) 3x – 5y = 4 ….. (1)
So we get 9x – 2y = 7 …. (2)
5t = 36 – 6 = 30 Multiply equation (1) by 3
By division 9x – 15y = 12
t = 30/5 = 6 9x – 2y = 7
Substituting t in equation (3) By subtracting both the equations
s=3+6=9 – 13y = 5
Hence, s = 9 and t = 6. y = -5/13
(iii) 2x + 3y = 9 …. (1) Equation (1) can be written as
3x + 4y = 5 ….. (2) 3x – 5y = 4

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x = (4 + 5y)/ 3 ….. (3) (i) a + 3b = 5 …. (1)

By substituting the value of x in equation 7a – 8b = 6 ….. (2)
(2)
Now multiply equation (1) by 7
9 [(4 + 5y)/ 3] – 2y = 7
7a + 21b = 35 …. (3)
By further calculation
7a – 8b = 6 ….. (4)
12 + 15y – 2y = 7
By subtracting both the equations
13y = – 5
29b = 29
So we get
So we get
y = -5/13
b = 29/29 = 1
Substituting y in equation (3)
Now substituting b = 1 in equation (1)
a + 3 (1) = 5
By further calculation
a+3=5
So we get
a=5–3=2
Therefore, a = 2 and b = 1.
(ii) 5x + 4y – 4 = 0
x – 20 = 12y
We can write it as
5x + 4y = 4 …. (1)
x – 12y = 20 ….. (2)
Now multiply equation (2) by 5

Hence, x = 9/13 and y = – 5/13. 5x + 4y = 4 …. (3)

2. (i) a + 3b = 5 5x – 60y = 100

7a – 8b = 6 By subtracting both the equations

(ii) 5x + 4y – 4 = 0 64y = – 96

x – 20 = 12y So we get

Solution: y = -96/64 = – 3/2

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Now substitute the value of y in equation By subtracting both the equations

(1)
x=3
5x + 4 (-3/2) = 4
Now substituting the value of x in equation
By further calculation (1)
5x + 2 (-3) = 4 8 × 3 – 3y = 12
So we get By further calculation
5x – 6 = 4 24 – 3y = 12
5x = 4 + 6 = 10 – 3y = 12 – 24
By division So we get
x = 10/5 = 2 – 3y = – 12
Therefore, x = 2 and y = – 3/2. y = – 12/-3 = 4
3. (i) 2x – 3y/4 = 3 Therefore, x = 3 and y = 4.
5x – 2y – 7 = 0 (ii) 2x + 3y = 23
(ii) 2x + 3y = 23 5x – 20 = 8y
5x – 20 = 8y We can write it as
Solution: 2x + 3y = 23 …. (1)
(i) 2x – 3y/4 = 3 5x – 8y = 20 …. (2)
5x – 2y – 7 = 0 By multiplying equation (1) by 5 and
equation (2) by 2
We can write it as
10x + 15y = 115
2x/1 – 3y/4 = 3
10x – 16y = 40
By taking LCM
By subtracting both the equations
(8x – 3y)/ 4 = 3
31y = 75
By cross multiplication
So we get
8x – 3y = 12 ….. (1)
y = 75/31 = 2 13/31
5x – 2y = 7 …. (2)
By substituting the value of y in equation
Now multiply equation (1) by 2 and (2) by
(1)
3
2x + 3 (75/31) = 23
16x – 6y = 24
By further calculation
15x – 6y = 21
2x + 225/31 = 23

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We can write it as m–n–y=0

2x = 23/1 – 225/31 y=m–n
Taking LCM From equation (3)
2x = (713 – 225)/ 31 = 488/31 x = 2m – (m – n)
So we get By further calculation
x = 488/ (31 × 2) = 244/ 31 = 7 27/31 x = 2m – m + n = m + n
Therefore, x = 7 27/31 and y = 2 13/31. Hence, x = m + n and y = m – n.
4. (i) mx – ny = m2 + n2 (ii) 2x/a + y/b = 2 …. (1)
x + y = 2m x/a – y/b = 4 …. (2)
(ii) 2x/a + y/b = 2 Adding both the equations
x/a – y/b = 4 3x/a = 6
Solution: So we get
(i) mx – ny = m2 + n2 …. (1) x = 6a/3 = 2a
x + y = 2m …. (2) Substituting x in equation (1)
We can write it as 2 (2a)/ a + y/b = 2
x = 2m – y ….. (3) By further calculation
Now substitute the value of x in (1) 4a/a + y/b = 2
m (2m – y) – ny = m2 + n2 So we get
By further calculation 4 + y/b = 2
2m2 – my – ny = = m2 + n2 y/b = 2 – 4 = – 2
Taking out y as common Here
m2 – y (m + n) = n2 y = – 2b
It can be written as Therefore, x = 2a and y = – 2b.
m2 – n2 – y (m + n) = 0 5. Solve 2x + y = 35, 3x + 4y = 65. Hence,
find the value of x/y.
Expanding using formula
Solution:
(m – n) (m + n) – y (m + n) = 0
It is given that
Taking (m + n) as common
2x + y = 35 …. (1)
(m + n) [(m – n) – y] = 0
3x + 4y = 65 ….. (2)
So we get

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Now multiply equation (1) by 4 x = 16/5

8x + 4y = 140 …. (3) Substitute the value of x in equation (3)
3x + 4y = 65 …. (4) 3 × 16/5 – y = 5
By subtracting both the equations By further calculation
5x = 75 48/5 – y = 5
x = 75/5 = 15 48/5 – 5 = y
Now substituting the value of x in equation Taking LCM
(1)
(48 – 25)/ 5 = y
8 × 15 + 4y = 140
So we get
By further calculation
y = 23/5
120 + 4y = 140
We know that
4y = 140 – 120
y = px – 3
So we get
23/5 = p × 16/5 – 3
4y = 20
Substitute the value of x and y
y = 20/4 = 5
23/5 + 3 = 16p/5
Here
Taking LCM
x/y = 15/5 = 3
(23 + 15)/ 5 = 16p/5
Therefore, x/y = 3.
By further calculation
6. Solve the simultaneous equations 3x –
38/5 = 16p/5
y = 5, 4x – 3y = – 1. Hence, find p, if y =
px – 3. So we get
Solution: 16p = 38
It is given that p = 19/8
3x – y = 5 ….. (1) Therefore, x = 16/5, y = 23/5 and p = 19/8.
4x – 3y = – 1 ….. (2) Exercise 5.2
Now multiply equation (1) by 3 Solve the following systems of
simultaneous linear equations by the
9x – 3y = 15 ….. (3)
elimination method (1 to 9):
4x – 3y = – 1 ….. (4)
1. (i) 3x + 4y = 10
Subtracting equations (3) and (4)
2x – 2y = 2
5x = 16

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(ii) 2x = 5y + 4 By subtracting both the equations

3x – 2y + 16 = 0 – 11y = 44
Solution: y = -44/11 = – 4
(i) 3x + 4y = 10 ….. (1) Substitute the value of y in equation (1)
2x – 2y = 2 ….. (2) 2x – 5 (-4) = 4
Multiplying equation (1) by 1 and (2) by 2 By further calculation
3x + 4y = 10 2x + 20 = 4
4x – 4y = 4 So we get
By adding both the equations 2x = 4 – 20 = – 16
7x = 14 x = – 16/2 = – 8
By division Therefore, x = – 8 and y = – 4.
x = 14/7 = 2 2. (i) ¾ x – 2/3 y = 1
Substituting the value of x in equation (2) 3/8 x – 1/6 y = 1
2 × 2 – 2y = 2 (ii) 2x – 3y – 3 = 0
By further calculation 2x/3 + 4y + ½ = 0.
4 – 2y = 2 Solution:
So we get (i) ¾ x – 2/3 y = 1
2y = 4 – 2 = 2 3/8 x – 1/6 y = 1
y = 2/2 = 1 We can write it as
Therefore, x = 2 and y = 1. ¾ x – 2/3 y = 1
(ii) 2x = 5y + 4 (9x – 8y)/ 12 = 1
3x – 2y + 16 = 0 By cross multiplication
We can write it as 9x – 8y = 12 ….. (1)
2x – 5y = 4 …. (1) 3/8 x – 1/6 y = 1
3x – 2y = – 16 ….. (2) (9x – 4y)/ 24 = 1
Now multiply equation (1) by 3 and (2) by By cross multiplication
2
9x – 4y = 24 ….. (2)
6x – 15y = 12 ….. (3)
Subtracting equations (1) and (2)
6x – 4y = – 32 ….. (4)
– 4y = – 12

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By division y = -9/30 = – 3/10

y = – 12/ – 4 = 3 Substitute the value of y in equation (1)
Substitute the value of y in (1) 2x – 3 (-3/10) = 3
9x – 8 × 3 = 12 By further calculation
By further calculation 2x + 9/10 = 3
9x – 24 = 12 We can write it as
9x = 12 + 24 = 36 2x = 3 – 9/10
By division By taking LCM
x = 36/ 9 = 4 2x = (30 – 9)/ 10
Therefore, x = 4 and y = 3. So we get
(ii) 2x – 3y – 3 = 0 2x = 21/10
2x/3 + 4y + ½ = 0 x = 21/20
We can write it as Therefore, x = 21/20 and y = – 3/10.
2x – 3y – 3 = 0 3. (i) 15x – 14y = 117
2x – 3y = 3 ….. (1) 14x – 15y = 115
2x/3 + 4y + ½ = 0 (ii) 41x + 53y = 135
2x/3 + 4y = – ½ 53x + 41y = 147.
Taking LCM Solution:
(2x + 12y)/ 3 = – ½ (i) 15x – 14y = 117 ….. (1)
By cross multiplication 14x – 15y = 115 ….. (2)
2 (2x + 12y) = – 1 × 3 Now multiply equation (1) by 14 and (2)
by 15
So we get
210x – 196y = 1638 …. (3)
4x + 24y = – 3 …. (2)
210x – 225y = 1725 ….. (4)
Multiply equation (1) by 2
By subtracting both the equations
4x – 6y = 6
29y = – 87
4x + 24y = – 3
So we get
By subtracting both the equations
y = -87/29 = – 3
– 30y = 9
Substitute the value of y in equation (1)
So we get

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15x – 14 (-3) = 117 (ii) x – 2/3 y = 8/3

By further calculation 2x/5 – y = 7/5.
15x + 42 = 117 Solution:
So we get (i) x/6 = y – 6
15x = 117 – 42 = 75 3x/4 = 1 + y
By division We can write it as
x = 75/15 = 5 x = 6 (y – 6)
Therefore, x = 5 and y = – 3. x = 6y – 36
(ii) 41x + 53y = 135 ….. (1) x – 6y = – 36 ….. (1)
53x + 41y = 147 ….. (2) 3x/4 = 1 + y
Now multiply equation (1) by 53 and (2) By cross multiplication
by 41
3x = 4 (1 + y)
2173x + 2809y = 7155 ….. (3)
So we get
2173x + 1681y = 6027 ….. (4)
3x = 4 + 4y
By subtracting both the equations
3x – 4y = 4 …. (2)
1128y = 1128
Multiply equation (1) by 3
So we get
3x – 18y = – 108
y = 1128/1128 = 1
3x – 4y = 4
Substitute the value of y in equation (1)
Subtracting both the equations
41x + 53 × 1 = 135
– 14y = – 112
By further calculation
So we get
41x + 53 = 135
y = – 112/- 14 = 8
So we get
Substitute the value of y in equation (1)
41x = 135 – 53 = 82
x – 6 × 8 = – 36
By division
By further calculation
x = 82/41 = 2
x – 48 = – 36
Therefore, x = 2 and y = 1.
x = – 36 + 48
4. (i) x/6 = y – 6
x = 12
3x/4 = 1 + y
Therefore, x = 12 and y = 8.

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(ii) x – 2/3 y = 8/3 By cross multiplication

2x/5 – y = 7/5 x = 78/ (11 × 3) = 26/11
We can write it as Therefore, x = 26/11 and y = – 5/11.
x – 2/3 y = 8/3 5. (i) 9 – (x – 4) = y + 7
Taking LCM 2 (x + y) = 4 – 3y
(3x – 2y)/ 3 = 8/3 (ii) 2x + (x – y)/ 6 = 2
By cross multiplication x – (2x + y)/3 = 1.
3x – 2y = 8/3 × 3 = 8 Solution:
3x – 2y = 8 ….. (1) (i) 9 – (x – 4) = y + 7
2x/5 – y = 7/5 2 (x + y) = 4 – 3y
Taking LCM We can write it as
(2x – 5y)/ 5 = 7/5 9 – (x – 4) = y + 7
By cross multiplication 9–x+4=y+7
2x – 5y = 7/5 × 5 = 7 By further calculation
2x – 5y = 7 …… (2) 13 – x = y + 7
Multiply equation (1) by 2 and (2) by 3 – x – y = 7 – 13 = – 6
6x – 4y = 16 ….. (3) x + y = 6 ….. (1)
6x – 15y = 21 …… (4) 2 (x + y) = 4 – 3y
Subtracting both the equations 2x + 2y = 4 – 3y
11y = – 5 By further calculation
y = – 5/11 2x + 2y + 3y = 4
Substitute the value of y in equation (1) So we get
3x – 2 (-5/11) = 8 2x + 5y = 4 ….. (2)
By further calculation Now multiply equation (1) by 5 and (2) by
1
3x + 10/11 = 8
5x + 5y = 30
We can write it as
2x + 5y = 4
3x = 8 – 10/11
By subtracting both the equations
Taking LCM
3x = 26
3x = (88 – 10)/ 11 = 78/11

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So we get So we get
x = 26/3 12y = 12 – 39 = – 27
Substitute the value of x in (1) By division
26/3 + y = 6 y = – 27/12 = – 9/4
We can write it as Substitute the value of y in (3)
y = 6 – 26/3 x=3+y
Taking LCM x = 3 + (-9)/4
y = (18 – 26)/3 By further calculation
So we get x = 3 – 9/4
y = – 8/3 Taking LCM
Therefore, x = 26/3 and y = – 8/3. x = (12 – 9)/ 4
(ii) 2x + (x – y)/ 6 = 2 x=¾
x – (2x + y)/3 = 1 Therefore, x = ¾ and y = – 9/4.
2x + (x – y)/ 6 = 2 6. x – 3y = 3x – 1 = 2x – y.
Multiply by 6 Solution:
12x + x – y = 12 It is given that
By further calculation x – 3y = 3x – 1 = 2x – y
13x – y = 12 …… (2) Here
x – (2x + y)/3 = 1 x- 3y = 3x – 1
Multiply by 3 x – 3x – 3y = – 1
3x – 2x – y = 3 By further calculation
By further calculation – 2x – 3y = – 1
x – y = 3 …… (2) 2x + 3y = 1 ….. (1)
So we get 3x – 1 = 2x – y
x = 3 + y ….. (3) 3x – 2x + y = 1
Substitute the value of x in (1) By further simplification
13 (3 + y) – y = 12 x + y = 1 ….. (2)
By further calculation Multiply equation (2) by 2 and subtract
from equation (1)
39 + 13y – y = 12

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2x + 3y = 1 By further calculation
2x + 2y = 2 6y + 3x – 5y – 2 = 2 × 3
So we get So we get
y=–1 y + 3x – 2 = 6
Substitute the value of y in equation (1) 3x + y = 6 + 2
2x + 3 (-1) = 1 3x + y = 8 ….. (2)
So we get By adding both the equations
2x – 3 = 1 36x = 144
2x = 1 + 3 = 4 By division
By division x = 144/36 = 4
x = 4/2 = 2 Substitute the value of x in equation (1)
Therefore, x = 2 and y = – 1. 33 × 4 – y = 136
7. (i) 4x + (x – y)/ 8 = 17 By further calculation
2y + x – (5y + 2)/3 = 2 132 – y = 136
(ii) (x + 1)/2 + (y – 1)/3 = 8 – y = 136 – 132
(x – 1)/3 + (y + 1)/ 2 = 9. So we get
Solution: –y=4
(i) 4x + (x – y)/ 8 = 17 y=–4
2y + x – (5y + 2)/3 = 2 Therefore, x = 4 and y = – 4.
We can write it as (ii) (x + 1)/2 + (y – 1)/3 = 8
4x + (x – y)/ 8 = 17 (x – 1)/3 + (y + 1)/ 2 = 9
(32 + x – y)/ 8 = 17 We can write it as
By further calculation (x + 1)/2 + (y – 1)/3 = 8
(33x – y)/ 8 = 17 Taking LCM
By cross multiplication (3x + 3 + 2y – 2)/6 = 8
33x – y = 136 ….. (1) By further calculation
2y + x – (5y + 2)/3 = 2 3x + 2y + 1 = 48
Taking LCM So we get
[3 (2y + x) – 5 (5y + 2)]/ 3 = 2 3x + 2y = 47 ….. (1)

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(x – 1)/3 + (y + 1)/ 2 = 9 5a + 6y = 13 ….. (4)

Taking LCM Multiply equation (3) by 5 and (4) by 3
(2x – 2 + 3y + 3)/6 = 9 15a + 20y = 35
By further calculation 15a + 18y = 39
2x + 3y + 1 = 54 Subtracting both the equations
So we get 2y = -4
2x + 3y = 53 ….. (2) So we get
By adding equations (1) and (2) y = – 4/2 = – 2
5x + 5y = 100 Substitute the value of y in equation (3)
Dividing by 5 3a + 4 (-2) = 7
x + y = 20 …… (3) By further calculation
By subtracting equations (1) and (2) 3a – 8 = 7
x – y = – 6 ….. (4) 3a = 7 + 8 = 15
Now add equations (3) and (4) So we get
2x = 14 3a = 15
x = 14/2 = 7 a = 15/3 = 5
Subtracting equations (4) and (3) Here x = 1/a = 1/5
2y = 26 Therefore, x = 1/5 and y = – 2.
y = 26/2 = 13 (ii) 5x – 9 = 1/y ….. (1)
Therefore, x = 7 and y = 13. x + 1/y = 3 ….. (2)
8. (i) 3/x + 4y = 7 Substitute 1/y = b in (1) and (2)
5/x + 6y = 13 5x – 9 = b
(ii) 5x – 9 = 1/y 5x – b = 9 ….. (3)
x + 1/y = 3. x + b = 3 ….. (4)
Solution: By adding equations (3) and (4)
(i) 3/x + 4y = 7 ….. (1) 5x – b = 9 ….. (3)
5/x + 6y = 13 ….. (2) x + b = 3 ….. (4)
Substitute 1/x = a in equation (1) and )@) So we get
3a + 4y = 7 …. (3) 6x = 12

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By division So we get
x = 12/6 = 2 qy = p – q – p = – q
Substitute the value of x in equation (4) Here
2+b=3 y = -q/q = – 1
b=3–2 Therefore, x = 1 and y = – 1.
b=1 (ii) x/a – y/b = 0
Here 1/y = 1 ax + by = a2 + b2
b = 1/y We can write it as
y=1 x/a – y/b = 0
Therefore, x = 2 and y = 1. Taking LCM
9. (i) px + qy = p – q (bx – ay)/ab = 0
qx – py = p + q By cross multiplication
(ii) x/a – y/b = 0 bx – ay = 0 …… (1)
ax + by = a2 + b2. ax + by = a2 + b2 ….. (2)
Solution: Multiply equation (1) by b and equation (2)
by a
(i) px + qy = p – q …. (1)
b2x – aby = 0
qx – py = p + q ….. (2)
a2x + aby = a2 + ab2
Now multiply equation (1) by p and (2) by
q By adding both the equations
p2x + pqy = p2 – pq (a2 + b2)x = a2+ ab2 = a (a2 + b2)
q2x – pqy = pq + q2 So we get
By adding both the equations x = a (a2 + b2)/ a2 + b2 = a
(p2 + q2) x = p2 + q2 From equation (2)
By further calculation b × a – ay = 0
x = (p2 + q2)/ (p2 + q2) = 1 By further calculation
From equation (1) ab – ay = 0
p × 1 + qy = p – q ay = ab
By further calculation So we get
p – qy = p – q y = ab/a = b

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Therefore, x = a and y = b. Substituting the values

10. Solve 2x + y = 23, 4x – y = 19. Hence, a (-1) + b (1) = 1
find the values of x – 3y and 5y – 2x.
– a + b = 1 ….. (2)
Solution:
By subtracting both the equations
It is given that
– 3a = – 6
2x + y = 23 …. (1)
So we get
4x – y = 19 ….. (2)
a = – 6/ – 3 = 2
Adding both the equations
Substituting the value of a in equation (1)
6x = 42
2×2+b=7
x = 42/6 = 7
By further calculation
Substitute the value of x in equation (1)
4+b=7
2 × 7 + y = 23
b=7–4=3
By further calculation
Therefore, a = 2 and b = 3.
14 + y = 23
12. Can the following equations hold
So we get simultaneously?
y = 23 – 14 = 9 3x – 7y = 7
Therefore, x = 7 and y = 9. 11x + 5y = 87
x – 3y = 7 – 3 × 9 = 7 – 27 = – 20 5x + 4y = 43.
5y – 2x = 5 × 9 – 2 × 7 = 45 – 14 = 31 If so, find x and y.
11. The expression ax + by has value 7 Solution:
when x = 2, y = 1. When x = – 1, y = 1, it
3x – 7y = 7 …… (1)
has value 1, find a and b.
11x + 5y = 87 ….. (2)
Solution:
5x + 4y = 43 ….. (3)
It is given that
Now multiply equation (1) by 5 and (2) by
ax + by = 7 when x = 2 and y = 1
7
Substituting the values
15x – 35y = 35
a (2) + b (1) = 7
77x + 35y = 609
2a + b = 7 ….. (1)
By adding both the equations
Here
92x = 644
ax + by = 1 when x = – 1 and y = 1

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By division y – 2x = 3.
x = 644/92 = 7 Solution:
Substitute the value of x in equation (1) (i) 3x + 2y = 4
3 × 7 – 7y = 7 8x + 5y = 9
By further calculation We can write it as
21 – 7y = 7 3x + 2y – 4 = 0
So we get 8x + 4y – 9 = 0
– 7y = 7 – 21 = – 14 By cross multiplication method
y = – 14/ – 7 = 2 x/ (-18 + 20) = y/ (-32 + 27) = 1/ (15 – 16)
Therefore, x = 7 and y = 2. By further calculation
If x = 7 and y – 2 satisfy the equation (3) x/2 = y/-5 = 1/-1
then we can say that the equations hold
So we get
simultaneously
x/2 = – 1
Substitute the value of x and y in equation
(3) x=–2
5x + 4y = 43 y = – 5 (-1) = 5
By further calculation Therefore, x = – 2 and y = 5.
5 × 7 + 4 × 2 = 43 (ii) 3x – 7y + 10 = 0
So we get y – 2x = 3
35 + 8 = 43 We can write it as
43 = 43, which is true. 3x – 7y + 10 = 0
Therefore, the equations hold y – 2x – 3 = 0
simultaneously.
By cross multiplication method
Exercise 5.3
x/ (21 – 10) = y/ (-20 + 9) = 1/ (3 – 14)
1. Solve the following systems of
By further calculation
simultaneous linear equations by
cross-multiplication method: x/11 = y/-11 = 1/-11

(i) 3x + 2y = 4 So we get

8x + 5y = 9 x/11 = 1/-11

(ii) 3x – 7y + 10 = 0 x=–1
Similarly

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y/-11 = 1/ -11 2bx + ay – 2an = 0

y=1 bx – ay – 4ab = 0
Therefore, x = – 1 and y = 1. By cross multiplication method
2. Solve the following pairs of linear x/ (- 4a2b – 2a2b) = y/ (-2ab2 + 8ab2) = 1/
equations by cross-multiplication (-2ab – ab)
method:
By further calculation
(i) x – y = a + b
x/ -6a2b = y/6ab2= 1/-3ab
ax + by = a2 – b2
So we get
(ii) 2bx + ay = 2ab
x = -6a2b/ -3ab = 2a
bx – ay = 4ab.
y = 6ab2/-3ab = – 2b
Solution:
Therefore, x = 2a and b = – 2b.
(i) x – y = a + b
Exercise 5.4
ax + by = a2 – b2
Solve the following pairs of linear
We can write it as equations (1 to 5):
x – y – (a + b) = 0 1. (i) 2/x + 2/3y = 1/6
ax + by – (a2 – b2) = 0 2/x – 1/y = 1
By cross multiplication method (ii) 3/2x + 2/3y = 5
x/ [a2 – b2 + b (a + b)] = y/ [- a (a + b) + a2 – 5/x – 3/y = 1.
b2] = 1/ (b + a)
Solution:
By further calculation
(i) 2/x + 2/3y = 1/6 ….. (1)
x/ (a2 – b2 + ab + b2) = y/ (-a2 – ab + a2 – b2)
= 1/ (a + b) 2/x – 1/y = 1 ….. (2)

So we get By subtracting both the equations

x/ [a (a + b)] = y/ [-b (a + b)] = 1/ (a + b) 5/3y = -5/6

x = a (a + b)/ (a + b) = a By cross multiplication

y = [-b (a + b)]/ (a + b) = – b – 15y = 30

Therefore, x = a and y = – b. By division

(ii) 2bx + ay = 2ab y = 30/ -15 = – 2

bx – ay = 4ab Substitute the value of y in equation (1)

We can write it as 2/x + 2/ (3 × (-2)) = 1/6

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By further calculation Therefore, x = ½ and y = 1/3.

2/x – 1/3 = 1/6 2. (i) (7x – 2y)/ xy = 5
So we get (8x + 7y)/ xy = 15
2/x = 1/6 + 1/3 (ii) 99x + 101y = 499xy
Taking LCM 101x + 99y = 501xy.
2/x = (1 + 2)/ 6 = 3/6 Solution:
By cross multiplication (i) (7x – 2y)/ xy = 5
x = (2 × 6)/3 = 12/3 = 4 (8x + 7y)/ xy = 15
Therefore, x = 4 and y = – 2. We can write it as
(ii) 3/2x + 2/3y = 5 ….. (1) 7x/xy – 2y/xy = 5
5/x – 3/y = 1 ….. (2) 8x/xy + 7y/xy = 15
Multiply equation (1) by 1 and (2) by 2/9 By further simplification
3/2x + 2/3y = 5 7/y – 2/x = 5 …. (1)
10/9x – 2/3y = 2/9 8/y + 7/x = 15 ….. (2)
By adding both the equations Now multiply equation (1) by 7 and (2) by
2
(3/2 + 10/9)1/x = 5 + 2/9
49/y – 14/x = 35
Taking LCM
16/y + 14/x = 30
(27 + 20)/ 18 × 1/x = (45 + 2)/ 9
By adding both the equations
By further calculation
65/y = 65
47/18x = 47/9
So we get
By cross multiplication
y = 65/65 = 1
x = (47 × 9)/ (47 × 18) = ½
Substitute the value of y in equation (1)
Substitute the value of x in equation (2)
7/1 – 2/x = 5
5/ ½ – 3/y = 1
By further calculation
By further calculation
2/x = 7 – 5 = 2
10 – 3/y = 1
So we get
3/y = 10 – 1 = 9
x = 2/2 = 1
So we get
Therefore, x = 1 and y = 1.
y = 3/9 = 1/3

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(ii) 99x + 101y = 499xy Solution:

101x + 99y = 501xy (i) 3x + 14y = 5xy
Now divide each term by xy 21y – x = 2xy
99x/xy + 101y/xy = 499xy/xy Now dividing each equation by xy of x ≠ 0,
y≠0
101y/xy + 99x/xy = 501xy/xy
3x/xy + 14y/xy = 5xy/xy
By further calculation
By further calculation
99/y + 101/x = 499 ….. (1)
3/y = 14/x = 5 ….. (1)
101/y + 99/x = 501 ….. (2)
(ii) 3x + 5y = 4xy
By adding both the equations
2y – x = xy
200/y + 200/x = 1000
We can write it as
Divide by 200
3x + 5y = 4xy
1/y + 1/x = 5 …… (3)
– x + 2y = xy
Subtracting both the equations
Divide each equation by xy if x≠ 0 and y ≠ 0
-2/y + 2/x = – 2
3x/xy + 5y/xy = 4xy/xy
Divide by 2
So we get
-1/y + 1/x = – 1 …. (4)
3/y + 5/x = 4 ….. (1)
By adding equations (3) and (4)
-x/xy + 2y/xy = xy/xy
2/x = 4
So we get
So we get
-1/y + 2/x = 1 ….. (2)
x = 2/4 = ½
Now multiply equation (1) by 1 and (2) by
By subtracting equations (3) and (4)
3
2/y = 6
3/y + 5/x = 4
So we get
-3/y + 6/x = 3
y = 2/6 = 1/3
By adding both the equations
Therefore, x = ½ and y = 1/3 if x ≠ 0, y ≠ 0.
11/x = 7
3. (i) 3x + 14y = 5xy
So we get
21y – x = 2xy
x = 11/7
(ii) 3x + 5y = 4xy
Substitute the value of x in equation (2)
2y – x = xy.

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-1/y + 2/11/7 = 1 x=5–1=4

By further calculation Substitute the value of x in equation (1)
-1/y + (2 × 7)/ 11 = 1 20/ (x + 1) + 4/ (y – 1) = 5
-1/y + 14/11 = 1 20/ (4 + 1) + 4/ (y – 1) = 5
We can write it as By further calculation
-1/y = 1 – 14/11 20/5 + 4/ (y – 1) = 5
Taking LCM 4 + 4/ (y – 1) = 5
-1/y = (11 – 14)/ 11 We can write it as
So we get 4/ (y – 1) = 5 – 4 = 1
-1/y = -3/11 4/ (y – 1) = 1
By cross multiplication By cross multiplication
-3y = – 11 4 = 1 (y – 1)
y = – 11/-3 = 11/3 So we get
Therefore, x = 11/7 and y = 11/3. 4=y–1
4. (i) 20/ (x + 1) + 4/ (y – 1) = 5 y=4+1=5
10/ (x + 1) – 4/ (y – 1) = 1 Therefore, x = 4 and y = 5.
(ii) 3/ (x + y) + 2/ (x – y) = 3 (ii) 3/ (x + y) + 2/ (x – y) = 3 …. (1)
2/ (x + y) + 3/ (x – y) = 11/3. 2/ (x + y) + 3/ (x – y) = 11/3 ….. (2)
Solution: Multiply equation (1) by 3 and (2) by 2
(i) 20/ (x + 1) + 4/ (y – 1) = 5 ….. (1) 9/ (x + y) + 6/ (x – y) = 9 ….. (3)
10/ (x + 1) – 4/ (y – 1) = 1 ….. (2) 4/ (x + y) + 6/ (x – y) = 22/3 ….. (4)
Add equations (1) and (2) Subtracting both the equations
30/ (x + 1) = 6 5/ (x + y) = 9 – 22/3
By cross multiplication Taking LCM
30 = 6 (x + 1) 5/ (x + y) = 5/3
By further calculation By cross multiplication
30/6 = x + 1 5 × 3 = 5 (x + y)
5=x+1 By further calculation
So we get (5 × 3)/ 5 = x + y

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x + y = (3 × 1)/ 3 We can write it as

x + y = 3 …… (5) 1/2a + 12/7b = ½
Substitute equation (5) in (1) 7/a + 4/b = 2
3/3 + 2/ (x – y) = 3 Now multiply equation (1) by 7 and (2) by
½
By further calculation
7/2a + 12/b = 7/2
1 + 2/ (x – y) = 3
7/2a + 2/b = 1
2/ (x – y) = 3 – 1 = 2
Subtracting both the equations
So we get
10/b = 5/2
2/2 = x – y
So we get
Here
b = (10 × 2)/ 5 = 4
1 = x – y ….. (6)
Substitute the value of b in equation (2)
We can write it as
7/a + 4/4 = 2
x–y=1
7/a + 1 = 2
x+y=3
So we get
By adding both the equations
7/a = 2 – 1 = 1
2x = 4
a=7
x = 4/2 = 2
Here
Substitute x = 2 in equation (5)
2x + 3y = 7 ….. (3)
2+y=3
3x – 2y = 4 ….. (4)
y=3–2=1
Multiply equation (3) by 2 and (4) by 3
Therefore, x = 2 and y = 1.
4x + 6y = 14
5. (i) 1/ 2(2x + 3y) + 12/ 7(3x – 2y) = ½
9x – 6y = 12
7/ (2x + 3y) + 4/ (3x – 2y) = 2
So we get
(ii) 1/ 2(x + 2y) + 5/ 3(3x – 2y) = – 3/2
13x = 26
5/ 4(x + 2y) – 3/ 5 (3x – 2y) = 61/60.
x = 26/13 = 2
Solution:
Substitute the value of x in (3)
(i) 1/ 2(2x + 3y) + 12/ 7(3x – 2y) = ½
2 × 2 + 3y = 7
7/ (2x + 3y) + 4/ (3x – 2y) = 2
By further calculation
Consider 2x + 3y = a and 3x – 2y = b

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4 + 3y = 7 1/2a = – 3/2 + 5/3

So we get Taking LCM
3y = 7 – 4 = 3 1/2a = (-9+ 10)/ 6 = 1/6
y = 3/3 = 1 So we get
Therefore, x = 2 and y = 1. a = 6/2 = 3
(ii) 1/ 2(x + 2y) + 5/ 3(3x – 2y) = – 3/2 Here
5/ 4(x + 2y) – 3/ 5 (3x – 2y) = 61/60 x + 2y = 3 ….. (3)
Consider x + 2y = a and 3x – 2y = b 3x – 2y = – 1 ….. (4)
1/2a + 5/3b = – 3/2 …. (1) Adding both the equations
5/4a – 3/5b = 61/60 ….. (2) 4x = 2
Now multiply equation (1) by 5/2 and (2) x = 2/4 = ½
by (1)
Substitute the value of x in equation (3)
5/4a + 25/6b = – 15/4
½ + 2y = 3
5/4a – 3/5b = 61/60
By further calculation
Subtracting both the equations
2y = 3 – ½
25/6b + 3/5b = – 15/4 – 61/60
Taking LCM
Taking LCM
2y = 5/2
(125 + 18)/ 30b = (-225 – 61)/ 60
y = 5/ (2 × 2) = 5/4
By further calculation
Therefore, x = ½ and y = 5/4.
143/30b = – 286/60
Chapter Test
By cross multiplication
Solve the following simultaneous
30b × (-286) = 60 × 143 linear equations (1 to 4):
So we get 1.(i) 2x – (¾)y = 3,
b = (60 × 143)/ (30 × -286) = – 1 5x – 2y = 7
Substitute the value of b in equation (1) Solution:
1/2a + 5/ (3 × – 1) = -3/2
By further calculation
1/2a – 5/4 = – 3/2
We can write it as

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8x-3y = 12 …(i) 3y = 6
5x-2y = 7 …(ii) y = 6/3
Multiply (i) by 5 and (ii) by 8, we get y=2
40x-15y = 60 (iii) Substitute the value of y in (i)
40x -16y = 56 (iv) 2x-9×2 = 10
Subtract (iv) from (iii), we get 2x-18 = 10
y=4 2x = 10+18
Substitute y in (i) 2x = 28
8x-3×4 = 12 x = 28/2
8x = 12+12 x = 14
8x = 24 Hence x = 14 and y = 2.
x = 24/8 2. (i) 97x+53y = 177
x=3 53x+97y = 573
Hence x = 3 and y = 4. Solution:
(ii) 2(x-4) = 9y+2 Given equations are as follows.
x – 6y = 2 97x+53y = 177 …(i)
Solution: 53x+97y = 573 …(ii)
2(x-4) = 9y+2 Multiply (i) by 53 and (ii) by 97
2x-8 = 9y+2 53(97x+53y) = 53×177
2x-9y = 2+8 5141x+2809y = 9381 …..(iii)
2x-9y = 10 ….(i) 97(53x+97y) = 97×573
x-6y = 2 ….(ii) 5141x+9409y = 55581 …..(iv)
Multiply (ii) by 2, we get Subtract (iv) from (iii)
2x -12y = 4 ….(iii) 5141x+2809y = 9381 …..(iii)
Subtract (iii) from (i), we get 5141x+9409y = 55581 …..(iv)
2x-9y = 10 ——————————
-2x +12y = -4 0x -6600y = -46200
—————— -6600y = -46200
0+3y = 6 y = -46200/-6600

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y=7 2x-3y+xy = 0 …..(ii)

Substitute the value of y in (i) Divide (i) by xy, we get
97x+53×7 = 177
97x+371 = 177
97x = 177-371
97x = – 194
x = -194/97
x = -2
Hence x = -2 and y = 7.
(ii) x+y = 5.5 Divide (ii) by xy, we get

x-y = 0.9
Solution:
x+y = 5.5 …(i)
x-y = 0.9 …(ii)
——————–
Adding (i) and (ii), we get
2x = 5.5+0.9 Multiplying (iii) by 3, we get

2x = 6.4
x = 6.4/2
x = 3.2
Substitute value of x in (i)
3.2+y = 5.5 Adding (v) and (iv), we get

y = 5.5-3.2
y = 2.3
Hence x = 3.2 and y = 2.3.
3. (i) x+y = 7xy
2x-3y+xy = 0
Solution:
Substitute value of y in (iv)
x+y = 7xy …(i)

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Hence x = 1/3 and y = 1/4. Now solve for (v) and (vi)

(ii) x+y = 11
x-y = 5
Add (v) and (vi)
2x = 16
x = 16/2 = 8
Solution: Substitute x in (v)
8+y = 11
y = 11-8
y=3

Multiply (i) by 4 and (ii) by 3, we get Hence x = 8 and y = 3.

4. (i) ax+by = a-b
bx-ay = a+b
Solution:
ax+by = a-b …(i)
Subtracting (iv) from (iii), we get
bx-ay = a+b …(ii)
multiplying (i) by a and (ii) by b, we get
a(ax+by) = a(a-b)
a2x +aby = a2-ab …(iii)
Substitute (v) in (i), we get

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b(bx-ay) = b(a+b)
b2x -aby = ab+b2 …(iv)
Adding (iii) and (iv)
a2x +aby = a2-ab
Multiply (ii) by 2, we get
b2x -aby = ab+b2
———————–
(a2+b2)x = (a2+b2) Subtract (iii) from (iv)
x = (a2+b2)/ (a2+b2)
x=1
Substitute the value of x in (i), we get
a×1+by = a-b
———————-
a+by = a-b
by = -b
y = -b/b
y = -1
Hence x = 1 and y = -1.
(ii) 3x + 2y = 2xy

Substitute y in (iii)
(3/3) + (2/x) = 2

Solution: 1+(2/x) = 2

3x + 2y = 2xy …(i) (2/x) = 1

x=2
Hence x = 2 and y = 3.
5. Solve 2x -(3/y) =9
3x + (7/y) = 2.
Divide (i) by xy
Hence find the value of k if x = ky + 5.
Solution:
2x -(3/y) = 9 …(i)

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3x + (7/y) = 2 …(ii) Solution:

Multiply (i) by 3 and (ii) by 2, and we get
6x-(9/y) = 27 ..(iii)
6x+(14/y) = 4 …(iv)
Subtracting (iv) from (iii), we get Let (x+y) = a
-23/y = 23
(1/a)-(1/2x)
y = 23/-23
y = -1
Substitute y in (i)
2x-(3/-1) = 9
Multiply (iii) by 5
2x+3 = 9
2x = 9-3
2x = 6
x = 6/2
Subtracting (ii) from (iv)
x=3
Hence x = 3 and y = -1.
Given x = ky+5
Substitute x and y in the above eqn
3 = k×-1+5
3 = -k+5
k = 5-3
k=2
Substitute x in (iii)
Hence the value of k is 2.
(1/a) -1/(2×3) = 1/30
6. Solve,
(1/a) – (1/6) = 1/30
1/a = (1/30)+(1/6)
1/a = (1+5)/30
.
1/a = 6/30
Hence find the value of 2x2-y2.
a = 30/6

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a=5 31/x = 95-2

Substitute a in x+y = a 31/x = 93
3+y = 5 x = 31/93
y = 5-3 x = 1/3
y=2 Substitute x in (i)
Hence x = 3, y = 2. (2/y)+5÷(1/3) = 19
2x2-y2 = 2×32-22 (2/y)+5×3 = 19
= 2×9-4 (2/y) = 19-15
= 18-4 (2/y) = 4
= 14 y = 2/4
Hence the value of 2x2-y2 is 14. y = 1/2
7. Can x, y be found to satisfy the Substitute x and y in (iii)
following equations simultaneously ?
3×(1/3) + 8×(1/2) = 5
1+4 = 5
The value of x and y satisfies (iii).
Hence the given equations are
simultaneous.

If so, find them.

Solution:

Multiply (i) by 5 and (ii) by 2, we get

Subtract (v) from (iv)

30 WhatsApp & calling +916306914886

 Simultaneous Linear
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31 WhatsApp & calling +916306914886