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4 Arithmetic Operators

The document explains arithmetic operators in Java, including addition, subtraction, multiplication, division, and modulus, with examples of their usage. It also covers increment and decrement operators, detailing their pre and post forms and how they affect variable values. Key differences between pre and post operations are highlighted, emphasizing when the variable's value is modified in relation to its use in expressions.

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5 views3 pages

4 Arithmetic Operators

The document explains arithmetic operators in Java, including addition, subtraction, multiplication, division, and modulus, with examples of their usage. It also covers increment and decrement operators, detailing their pre and post forms and how they affect variable values. Key differences between pre and post operations are highlighted, emphasizing when the variable's value is modified in relation to its use in expressions.

Uploaded by

mifate7853
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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04-Arithmetic Operators

Operators in Java
Operators are symbols that perform specific operations on one or more
operands. In Java, we commonly use operators for basic arithmetic operations
like addition (+), subtraction (-), multiplication (*), and division (/), as well as
for other functions like modulus (%).
Example: Basic Arithmetic Operations
int num1 = 7;
int num2 = 5;

// Addition
int res = num1 + num2;
System.out.println(res); // Output: 12

● Addition (+): Adds two operands.

● Subtraction (-): subtracts the second operand from the first.

● Multiplication (*): Multiplies two operands.

● Division (/): Divides the first operand by the second, giving the quotient.

● Modulus (%) : Returns the remainder after division.

Example: modulus operation


int num1 = 26;
int num2 = 5;
int res = num1 % num2;
System.out.println(res); // Output: 1
In this example, 26 % 5 equals 1 because 26 divided by 5 is 5 with a remainder
of 1.
Increment and Decrement Operators
The increment (++) and decrement (--) operators always change the value by 1.
These can be applied in two forms: pre and post.

● Pre-increment (++x)/Pre-decrement (--x): Increases or decreases the


value before the operation is performed.

● Post-increment (x++) / post-decrement (x--): Increases or decreases the


value after the operation is performed.
Example: Increment Operations
int num1 = 7;
num1 += 2; // Equivalent to num1 = num1 + 2;
System.out.println(num1); // Output: 9

int num2 = 16;


num2 -= 4; // Equivalent to num2 = num2 - 4;
System.out.println(num2); // Output: 12
Example: Pre and Post Increment/Decrement

Code:
Output:

Explanation:

1. Pre-increment (++x): x is incremented first, so x becomes 6, and then y is assigned


the value of x, making y = 6.
2. Post-decrement (x--): The current value of x (which is 6) is assigned to z, and then
x is decremented, making x = 5.
3. Pre-decrement (--x): x is decremented first, so x becomes 4, and then w is assigned
the value of x, making w = 4.

Key Differences:

● Pre-increment/decrement: Modifies the variable's value before using it


in an expression.

● Post-increment/decrement: Uses the variable's original value in the


expression before modifying it.

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