Important question Answers
How did the Indian Artists (Painter and Sculptors) contributes National Freedom
movement?
Under the planned propaganda the British were trying to prove that India has no
national identity of its own. Bang- Bhang movement brought the new awareness in
Indian mind. Aim of the Bengal school was to regenerate the patriotism, to rediscover
India’s past and to recollect Indian values in the field of arts by boycotting foreign
trends and means. It was national emotion that made Bengal school nationalistic.
Dr. Anand Coomar Swami, the most noted writer of Indian art, a pioneer historian and
scholar published a book ‘Art and Swadeshi’ in 1910 which was regarded as the
manifesto of art of India. This book gave a plea to return to those Indian sources and
ideas which were being demolished by British political fervor. He also recommended
the commitment of the Bengal school and efforts of artists for giving a tremendous
moral boosting to the Indian freedom movement.
Genius and creative Abanindra Nath did so and put Indian soul before the world.
paintings and articles of Devi Prasad Roy Chowdhury printed in journal such as
‘Pravasi , ‘Bharatvarsha’ and shanibarer chitthi ‘ did the same job during freedom
movement. In this series, Nandlal Bose copied the paintings of Ajanta and painted
his famous line drawing ‘Dandi March of mahatma Gandhi’. he also painted about 60
paintings on handmade paper for Haripura congress on the request of Mahatma
Gandhi. These paintings were feast of Indian arts and beautification. These
paintings were also notable for their economy of means, boldness, vigour and
decorative qualities. Through these paintings, Nandlal Bose combined art with
nationalism and became the interpreter of Indian color and its souls.
Abanindranath painted Mother India. Gaganendranath painted a caricature on the
massacre of Jalianwalan Bagh which brought hatred among Indians against naked
cruelty of British. the personal style developed by noted artists namely Abanindranath
Tagore, Nandlal Bose, k. venkatapa, Gaganendranath Thakur, Shailendra Nath dey,
Asit Kumar Halder and Devi Prasad Roy Chowdhury etc. saved us from the slavery of
expressions and ideas which finally put the foundation of modern trends in the field of
art.
Write an essay on the evolution of Indian National Flag and symbolic Significance of its
forms and colors.
Or
Which high human values of human life are incorporated in the Indian National flag,
which are expressed through its forms and colors?
Many high values of human life are incorporated in the Indian National Flag which are
expressed through its forms and colors we get great inspiration on seeing our National
Flag. IN 1905 a new awakening came in the youth of Bengal with fresh energy due to
the ‘Bang – Bhang ‘movement. From the siccas of this movement and to express
Indianess in 1906 Shachindranath Bose and Sukumar designed a layout of first
national flag ‘TIRANGA’ for our country.
The flag was consisting of three equal horizontal strips of green yellow and red. in the
top green colour strip there were eight white lotuses shown in a row, which represented
eight states of that time. on middle yellow strip the word ‘VandeMataram’ was written
in dark blue color in Devanagiri script. The lowest red strip had a white sun in the left
and a white crescent moon with a star in the right side. The first national flag of India
had been unfurled on august 7,1906 in the green park Calcutta by the Gracious hands
of great social reformer and freedom fighter, Shri Sunendranath Banarjee.
Again 1921 second flag was prepared in try colour under the guidance of mahatma
Gandhi during the meeting of all India congress party at vijayvada. An enthusiastic
youth of Andhra Pradesh, Pingali venkaiyya designed two colored flags and handed
over to Gandhi ji which was made in red and green colour that represented two major
communities Hindu and Muslims in country. Gandhi ji suggested to add one white strip
as a symbol of the rest of Indian communities and put a dark blue charkha in its center
as a symbol of progress. it was second national flag of 1921.
On July 22, 1947 finally, a new flag was hoisted which was adopted as a national flag
of independent India by constituent Assembly with some corrections in the middle
national flag. This tri color flag took the new shape with saffron at the top, white on the
middle and green as its lowest band. all the three colors band are of equal size. Dharm
chakra popularly known as Ashoka Chakra of Sarnath pillar in navy blue colour has
been put instead of charkha. Its length to breadth ratio is 3:2. There are 24 spoks of
Dhrm chakra which is the representative of 24 hours of the day. The significance of
saffron colour is courage and sacrifice, white symbolizes truth and peace while the
green reflects faith and prosperity. Finally circuler motion of dhrm chakra marks
continuous cycle progress of nation along the 24 hours of the day.
what is the role of E.V. Havel in saving Indian art?
E.V. Havel was the great European artist who was appointed as the principal of
madras (Chennai) art school by britishers. in 1890s the east India company was trying
to destroy the rich heritage of Indian art history. After few years E.V. Havel visited all
over the country where he met Abanindranath and recognized that Indian art was
much better than European art. He motivated and inspired Abanindranath to study the
Pahari, Rajasthani, Mughal deccan and Ajanta style and to create a mixture of these.
The first encouragement for revival of Indian art was led by Mr.E.V.Hevel. He
appreciated Indian art for its own values.
He motivated and inspired Abanindra Nath to study the technique used in Mughal,
Rajput Pahari and Ajanta painting to create a new style. After that Abnindra Nath
painted a series of Radha Krishna paintings. He also synthesized traditional Indian art,
western art Chinese and Japanese art which finally became the style of Bengal school
and are known as wash painting.
He wrote 3 books namely ‘THE IDEAL OF INDIAN ART , ‘ THE INDIAN
SCULPTURE AND PAINTING AND ‘ THE INDIAN ARCHITECTURE to enhance the
beauty and greatness of Indian art over European art .in a summaries way we can say
that E.V. Havel indirectly protected the Indian art b his constructive ideas, decisions
, inspirations and enthusiastic efforts of patriotic Abanindranath that gave rebirth to
Indian art and laid the foundation of state of Bengal.
