HANDBOOK

ON

TOTAL QUALITY MANAGEMENT

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 GENERAL INDEX

1 Introduction

Provisions in CPWD Works Manual and Standard Operating

2 Procedures (SoPs)

Provisions in CPWD Green Rating Manual

3

Provisions in Rules for Enlistment of Contractors in CPWD -

4 2019
ions from CPWD Contractors Enlistment Rules

5 Provisions in General Conditions of Contract

6 Quality Assurance Circulars

7 Third Party Quality Assurance Circulars

Testing Criteria for Construction Materials in CPWD

8 Specifications

9 Check for Quality Assurance

10 Common observations/ issues

Do’s and Don’ts for Field Engineers

11

12 C.T.E.’s Circulars

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 PREFACE

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Preface
Quality is most commonly used word in all spheres of life so also in construction sector but
probably is one of the most difficult words to define properly. Though quality had many
definitions, ISO has defined quality as “The totality of characteristics of an entity that bears on its
ability to satisfy stated and implied needs”. Though appears to be simple, the definition is actually
more complex. The last part which mentions about satisfaction of stated and implied needs is
really very crucial. In the definition, an entity may be a product, process or even an organization
and in the context of civil engineering works, stated needs may be available in the form of
specifications, conditions or bill of quantities but implied needs are not specified. For example, if
flats are being constructed by an agency, stated needs may be taken care as they may be more or
less same but the implied needs of the customers may be different but are to be satisfied for
qualifying to the quality. Thus, both customer and implied needs are to be identified. Nowadays, a
customer is the receiver of a product, thus, even a contractor, engineer, quality manager, user or
many others in the process may become customers at different points of time. As per the
definition, each one has to be satisfied. Second part is the identification of the implied needs.
Many times, even the customer is not able to express these needs as many of them may be
unspoken needs and one may find difficult to express them. Many times, it comes to the notice
that customer says that the quality is not good but he is not able to express what is not good hence
engineers role is very important to achieve quality.
No quality guru so far has given a statement that quality is not achievable. Crosby, one of the
quality guru asserts in the “Quality is free”, that quality is not luxury, unaffordable, originated by
workers or something that originates in the quality department and thus affordable and
achievable. Deming, another quality guru states that about 85% of all quality problems are caused
by harmful management practices. It has also been stated that consequently, CEO intent on
changing the way production workers perform – without changing the obsolete management
system – will, at best, address only 15% of the problems. Juran, another quality guru is of the
view that senior managers must personally take charge of leading change related to quality. If
they try to delegate that, they will not get good results. According to Ishikawa, a Japanese quality
guru, bad quality, meaning wastage, had an effect not only on business creating the waste but also
on its customers and on society as a whole. Another Japanese quality guru, Taguchi described
quality as the loss imparted to the society from the time a product is shipped and quantified as
“Loss function”. It must be understood that most of the work stated above does not correspond to
a construction work.
Therefore, idea behind bringing out this book is reaffirm that quality can be achieved and by
sticking to quality, we avoid wastage. Further, it is also emphasized that everyone in the chain has
to ensure quality at his end to attain quality and thus concept of Total Qulaity Management needs
to be adopted.
I am thankful to Shri Prabhakar Singh, DG and my team who helped in bringing out this
publication.
Dr. K M Soni
ADG(Tech)

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 1.0 Introduction

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 Quality Eras

Inspection is considered the first era in quality process out of four eras described by Crosby and
is probably still in vogue in most places in construction industry. Inspections are customary, costly
and painstaking. Theory of probability is applied during testing by taking samples. Eventually,
inspections do not contribute greatly to reducing the error rate. The problem is addressed after it has
arisen. Thus, even 100 % inspections will not mean that all the defects have been removed or rooted
out.
According to Crosby, second era was of the quality control in which emphasis was given on
product uniformity with reduced inspections. Quality control is defined as “all those operational
techniques and activities that are used to fulfil requirements for quality” (ISO). Therefore, emphasis
in quality control is on techniques and activities. Inspections, monitoring and feedback are carried
out in quality control. It has nothing to do directly with the customer‘s satisfaction. Inspections do
not ensure conformance of specifications of one hundred percent work. Inspections in a work may
also result to corrective action rather than preventive action. Operational techniques and monitoring
also lead to “paper quality” in which the papers assure the quality with or without any consideration
of the work.
Quality assurance as per ISO is defined as “all the planned and systematic activities,
implemented within the organization for quality management, to provide adequate that a product or
service will satisfy given requirements for quality.” Therefore, quality assurance is essentially a
preventive activity and is therefore to be systematically planned in advance. The activity includes
identification and planning of the checks, inspection and control of process as a part of quality
control. Quality assurance also means establishment of a quality system which can demonstrate the
requirements. Therefore, concept of quality assurance if not adopted over quality control by any
organisation, simple change of name will not lead to any improvement.
Total Quality Management (TQM) is defined as “the management approach of an
organization, centred on quality, based on the participation of all its members and aiming at long
term success through customer satisfaction, and benefits to all members of the organization and to
society.” In fact, in this approach, customer is the person who accepts the product of any process.
Suppose, cement is received by a person, then person receiving cement is customer. When cement
is mixed and concrete is produced in a mixer, the person receiving concrete to place becomes the
customer and so on so forth. Thus, participation of all members is essential in TQM. Everybody
must be involved, from all levels and across all functions. A culture of continuous improvement
must be established.
TQM is also a philosophy based on the quest for progress and continuous improvement. In
Japanese, process of continuous improvement has been termed as Kaizen. In quality improvement,
waste and total cost must reduce. Quality improvement can only result from planned management
action. Importance of TQM can be understood from the statement of Crosby’s four eras of quality
as organizations adopting inspections only say, “We don’t know why we have quality problems”
while in TQM, they say, “We know why we don’t have quality problems”. Errors can be caused at
any stage of management and workers and thus, involvement of everyone is essential in TQM.
Question is whether error can be stopped and the answer is very simple – no as it is natural to make
errors. But the errors have to be eliminated and not at later stage but right at the stage it is likely to
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occur or it has occurred by preventing it or correcting it as the case may be. It cannot be passed on
to other person or process. Thus, TQM includes self inspection.

Concept of Zero Defects

Any variation that is caused while translating customer needs into correct specifications or
while producing the required entity is considered as a defect. In fact, many people believe that it is
uneconomical to eliminate all defects and some believe that defects or variations are normal,
particularly in civil engineering works. But as per a quality guru, Philip B. Crosby, ‘zero defects’
are both technically and economically possible. An example has shown that once management
demanded perfection, it happened and workers produced it. Of the three most common causes of
workers errors – lack of knowledge, lack of proper facilities, and lack of attention, management
concluded that the lack of attention was often addressed. Therefore, a goal was set to promote a
constant, conscious desire to do a job right the first time as per Garvin. The resulting programme
was called zero defects.
Crosby argues that if management is serious about achieving zero defects, it has to be serious
about prevention. He proposed four absolutes of quality management as given below:
i. Quality means conformance to the requirements.
ii. Quality comes from prevention.
iii. Quality performance standard is zero defects
iv. Quality measurement is the price of non-conformance i.e. cost of quality.

CPWD brings out specifications by which the requirements are well defined. Wherever
specifications of items are not available in CPWD Specifications, NIT approving authorities have to
clearly elaborate them in the tender documents. Preventive action has to be taken to achieve the
quality and for the same, CPWD has the system of approval of samples. Zero defect performance
can only be achieved if architects, designers, NIT approving authorities, supervisory staff,
contractors, suppliers and workers are following the concept of quality. CPWD has the system of
defining the responsibilities, training and skilling the workers to achieve the same through manuals
and general conditions of contracts. Therefore, every stakeholder has to contribute to achieve the
quality and this is challenging task.
As per Crosby, it takes a long time to transfer from conviction to conversion but as soon as the
transfer process begins, it is a positive sign that improvement has started to take place. The concepts
that “Work cannot be done as per the documents” or “Quality is better than others” are considered
roadblocks. Zero defects are only possible if each and everyone are involved in quality process.
Though difficult but not impossible, concept of zero defects can be implemented if zero defects
concept is implemented in every product, every process and by every person in the process. Since,
stakeholders in a construction work are many including architect, engineers, contractors, suppliers,
local bodies, zero defects become more complex and very difficult to achieve in construction and
maintenance.

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 STATED AND IMPLIED NEEDS
In a construction work, architects, planning engineers and supervising engineers consider stated
needs stated by the customer. Therefore, needs are to be stated at the very initial stage and thereafter
to be implemented. In a construction work, even if needs are stated initially by the customer,
changes are likely to be cropped up during construction process, hence deviations from the stated
needs become essential for customer satisfaction as samples are not available in a construction work
as in case of factory made products.
Stated needs are compiled in the form of drawings, specifications, conditions - general or
special and clauses of the contract. Implied needs are part of the dimensions of quality. The
dimensions of quality for a product are performance, features, reliability, conformity to
specifications/standards, durability, serviceability, aesthetics and perceived quality. Time and
timeliness service, completeness, consistence, courtesy, accessibility and convenience, and
responsiveness are the dimensions of quality for a service but are to be included in construction as
the civil engineering is also a part of the service. Thus for a construction work, the dimensions of a
product as well as a service are to be considered for a quality work. In fact, product plays a major
role during construction and service dimensions play a major role during maintenance. It must be
understood that a customer who is not expert in the architectural and engineering profession will
not be in position to spell out all the implied needs and hence, these are to be considered by the
architect, engineers and builders.
Implied needs are most important. An architect or an engineer has to plan and construct the
structure which conforms to local bye laws, is safe during normal and exceptional conditions like
disasters, conforms to prevalent codes and guidelines and satisfy to the customer for end use. A
customer must feel happy and satisfied while using the product/work. In fact, it is more of the
implied needs which contribute to happiness to the customer and hence these are more important.
Customer satisfaction leads to improve quality of his life and hence quality is largely based on the
satisfaction of needs. Sometimes, architects and engineers may insist to the customer/client about
the satisfactory inclusion of implied needs in the tender documents or during execution but we must
understand that it is the client who has upper hand and as such his needs are to be satisfied for
achieving the quality. Remember, client will be satisfied only if we have understood his needs in
detail and the same are incorporated in tender documents and satisfied through implementation
during execution of work.
A building is a fixed asset and one does not change it easily and thus gets attached sometimes
emotionally may be house or office for his/her life. Therefore, the dimensions of the quality and
problems/comfort received from the asset during life of the building affect customer satisfaction.
Thus, it becomes essential that the life cycle concept is considered by the architects, engineers and
construction agencies. In fact, many times it is the maintenance stage from which customer forms a
view about the quality of a work and hence, TQM in construction sector has to include life cycle
concept. Life cycle concept includes all the stages right from the inception to dismantling. In fact,
quality costs in a civil engineering structure should not only include prevention, appraisal costs and
failure costs during construction but also such costs incurred during its useful life in maintenance
stage. The needs of maintenance stage are to be considered while planning and executing a work. A
work should require minimum maintenance and operational costs for a customer’s satisfaction.

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 Thus, quality is not an absolute word but interrelated with stated or implied needs. Quality
would depend upon the customer needs. For example, granite flooring cannot be said to be a quality
work compared to cement concrete flooring just granite flooring is of richer specifications. Both are
to be assessed separately for quality. Therefore, we and the customer should be very clear about the
needs and specifications otherwise the difference between quality and specifications may not be
appreciated as many times superior specifications are wrongly misunderstood the parameters of
quality.

HUMAN RESOURCE MANAGEMENT

In TQM, everyone has to contribute to quality. Therefore, personnel involved in achieving
quality, have to be quality conscious and trained. Thus, to achieve quality in any work, one must
i. Know, understand and agree to the requirements of the job.
ii. Know how to do the job and why it is being done.
iii. Have the knowledge of materials, process and equipment to do the job.
iv. Know what to do when the things go wrong.
For above, it is essential that orientation and development training to the supervisors is imparted
in quality which includes new materials, methods, and machinery in a systematic manner for the
customer satisfaction. Therefore, the persons involved in construction or maintenance activities
must have the knowledge and capability of doing quality works. Hence, personnel management i.e.
right person for right job is essential to achieve quality. CPWD training academy and regional
training institutes are equipped and responsible for the training.
From above concept, quality cannot be achieved in cases of;
i. Accepting work not up to the standard may be because of urgency or any other reason at
first stage itself.
ii. Delaying decision on rejecting the substandard work or taking action against for a
substandard work right in first instance.
iii. Passing the instructions to overlook quality.
iv. Putting off the job till somebody else takes over the charge and thus not taking action
right for the first time.
v. Not solving the problem but delaying or shirking of own responsibility.
vi. Refusing to listen and solve the problems.
vii. Technically incompetent personnel
It is also said that most people want to do a quality job, contrary to general belief. Therefore,
management should ensure that;
i. Personnel engaged in works are technically competent and have the right training,
placement, and knowledge.
ii. Quality conscious contractors are selected for the work.
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 iii. Co-ordination and feedback system is available.
iv. A system is designed for co-ordination between architects, engineers, contractors and
workers and implemented.
v. System of reward and punishment is available and implemented for not following
quality.

CONTRACT AND QUALITY

Quality in construction is achieved through joint efforts of employer, architects, engineers,
contractors and other stakeholders. Since, contractor not only arranges the material but implements
the quality, his role in achieving quality is very critical. Therefore, selection of a contractor is
extremely essential to achieve quality. Also, contract document and conditions play an
important role in selection of a contractor; contract is thus also related to quality. Quality is to be
included by the planners, engineers, quantity surveyors, and then quality managers. Hence, quality
may depend upon:

i. Client’s coordination with the planners and his “stated needs”

ii. Planners (Engineers and Architects)
iii. Designers
iv. Supervisory staff
v. Contractors
vi. Suppliers
vii. Quality control managers
viii. Workers
ix. Account officers making payments
x. Quality management concept being followed

Since drawings, designs, selection of contractor, inspections, time, quality control measures,
specifications, rates, welfare and safety measures, payment conditions etc. are part of contract
document; contract document also has a bearing on quality. Thus contact document has to be
prepared considering the quality requirements. Quality requirements are to be well defined in the
tender documents. CPWD prepares and revises General Conditions of Contract (GCC) time to time
and leaves on NIT approving authority for inclusion of conditions required at site. General
provisions are included and even requirements of lab and other equipment are to be included by
NIT approving authority hence NIT approving authority has a vital role in drafting the conditions. It
can also be thought if standard conditions can be prepared for certain type of works and made part
of GCC.
As men (Workers and technical supervisors), materials, financial resources and methods
required in a work are arranged by the contractor, quality is also largely dependent upon its
implementation by the contractor. Thus, it is essential that a quality conscious contractor is selected
to achieve the quality.

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 Though CPWD has its own system of enlistment of contractors and selection criterion of
contractors for major works are also included in the tender or contract documents, this has to be
reviewed from time to time based on feedback on quality control. Evaluation of quality may be
required from time to time rather than only during revalidation for CPWD enlisted contractors.
Time overrun and quality are also linked and as such completion of work on time and before time
has to be given considerable weightage. Thus it is essential that quality contractor is selected and if
found not following quality, action right at first time should be taken against the contractor rather
than during revalidation.
Specifications and Quality
Specifications are backbone of a contract both in terms of materials and workmanship. A
material of poor specifications with best of workmanship will never lead to satisfaction so also a
best material with poor workmanship. Therefore, a right combination of material and workmanship
and their incorporation in the contract are essential requirements of a quality work. Hence, the role
of architects, quantity surveyors, and planners becomes important who have a vital role in preparing
contract documents. Drawings and designs are part of specifications. Contractors quote
the rates based on the specifications of the materials, intricacy and skill involved in providing
and fixing. A single piece of granite slab fixed on the stairs will have different rates compared to
pieces fixed, as wastage and cutting will be different in both the cases. As such even if the same
material is used, specifications for fixing should be available in contract document for quality. If all
specifications are not included, contractor may quote rates as per his wisdom and later will try to
work according to rates quoted and not as per actual requirements or implied needs. Thus
specifications in a contract are the part of the quality. As such all drawings whether architectural,
structural or services have to be part of the tender documents. CPWD has made part of availability
of such drawings of its Green Manual and Works Manual to achieve quality.

Contract conditions and Quality

Contract document may include technical specifications, general conditions and special
conditions. Some conditions may have financial implications. If effect of such conditions is not
included by the contractors or during evaluation of tenders by the employer, implementation of
conditions becomes very difficult which may affect the quality also. For example, suppose a
condition is included that the earthwork will be inclusive of rates of pumping of water in case of
high ground water table expected or during rains. If the item of pumping water is not available in
Bill of Quantities and thus not payable separately as per condition available, contractor will avoid
work during rains or will delay to pump out the water as it may be costing more than earthwork in
excavation itself. Similarly if small patch is required to be plastered in a multi-storeyed building,
cost of repair may be negligible compared to scaffolding cost and if a condition is included that cost
of scaffolding is included in the plaster without considering site conditions, the item may not be
executed or may be done from the openings available with some temporary and unsafe
arrangements affecting the quality. Similarly if safety provisions and welfare provisions of
construction workers are included without considering their financial implications, it may result
mostly in non-implementation which may affect the quality.

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 Acceptance Criterion
Since acceptance criterion of a work is stipulated in the contract, quality of work should be
same whosoever is engineer in charge. But even after specifications and contract clauses are same,
quality of work differs in two works sometimes when carried out by different contractors and
sometimes even if same contractor has carried out the work. This may be due to acceptance
criterion set by engineers. Acceptance criterion of an engineer may be depending upon his/her
qualification, knowledge, exposure, experience, morality and management practices adopted by
him. Hence, through training, reward and punishment, it is to be ensured that the acceptance
criterion does not change and is quality based. As acceptance of a work is important, rejection is
equally or more important. Time factor has more weight age in case of rejection than the
acceptance. Timely rejection of a work, right at first time leads to better quality than decision. If
concrete in a basement column is rejected during casting or immediately after casting. In case it is
not done and upper floors are casted, it is very difficult to recast or rectify the defects. It is the duty
of an engineer to follow it let it is known to the contractor, not only in terms of specifications and
workmanship but also for frequency of tests, sample preparation and materials approval.

MECHANIZATION AND QUALITY

Mechanization has a great potential and can be adopted almost in every facet of building
construction nowadays but unfortunately not adopted. Mechanisation and use of power driven small
equipment and tools lead to quality. If chase cutter or tile master is used, it will lead to quality
work. Hence, NIT approving authority and field engineers msut utilize them more often.

SAFETY AND QUALITY

Safety and quality are complementary. Therefore, all safety measures must be implemented to
achieve the quality.
Structural safety of a structure is important at execution stage and during post construction
stage. Failure of a structure during execution stage is mostly due to some of the following reasons:
i. Unsafe design. TS authority has to ensure structural safety.
ii. Not following the correct design. The design might have been revised but old execution
made based on old drawing. Old drawing is not destroyed, kept at site and even an entry is not
made of its revision in the old drawing. Field engineers must take adequate precautions to adopt
only final drawings.
iii. Collapse of temporary structures like failure of scaffolding. Such structures have to be
designed particularly when double height scaffolding is required. Field engineers must clear the
scaffolding and inspect before clearance, record it and then only casting of concrete carried out.
iv. Incorrect sequence of removal of props like removal of props from fixed side in a
cantilever
v. Removal of centering and shuttering before specified and required stripping period.
vi. Use of different grades and types of materials not considered in the design like use of
PPC in place of OPC and removing centering and shuttering specified for OPC.
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 vii. Sudden change of conditions like flooding.
Collapse of the structures at post construction period is also possible. These failures may be
under normal conditions as well as during critical conditions like earthquakes, cyclones and floods.
Some of the reasons are numerated in the followings:
i. Removal of load bearing structural members. It should not be allowed in any case
without taking structural safety precautions.
ii. Additions and alterations. Such construction should only be carried out with the
approval of architect and structural engineer.
iii. Due to changed conditions because of construction of other structures like underground
metro construction may create distress in adjoining structures. CPWD engineers should examine it
and take up the matter with concerned authorities in advance.
iv. Natural disasters like earthquakes etc. CPWD engineers should immediately assess the
damage and report submitted to competent authorities.
v. Aging of structures and residual strength not adequate to take loads. Inspections should
be carried out and report submitted for unsafe structures as per the Manual by the field engineers.

vi. Poor maintenance conditions leading to deterioration of strength of the structural

members. Maintenance should be carried out after restoration of the structure.
vii. Changed use like a building designed for office building being used for library. Field
engineers should take up the matter with the client when noticed such instances. They should also
send their advisory to the clients. Advisory should be given to the client in case of Post Tensioned
slabs, not to drill the holes in slabs which may lead to failure.
viii. Poor drainage conditions around the building or rise of ground water table leading to
reduction in bearing capacity of the soil. All drainage points should be inspected and action taken
before rains by field staff.
For workers safety, all precautions should be taken as a worker who is not feeling safe cannot
deliver the quality. Public safety and environmental issues like pollution are also to be taken care as
they also affect the quality.

CONTINUOUS IMPROVEMENT
TQM is not one time concept and is based on continuous improvement. Hence continuous
improvement is essential in product, process, and management. Education and training are very
important for continuous improvement process. Therefore, Training Academy and Regional
Training Institutes have to ensure that education and training is imparted to all involved in the
process. Early in the process, all levels of management must be trained to implement their part of
the quality improvement programmes. Thus training and skill up gradation of all the stakeholders
like architects, engineers, contractors and workers is the part of quality though CPWD has still not
started training or orientation programmes for the contractors before start of work.

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 As already stated, quality is a relative term and not absolute one. CPWD still has system of
inspections, testing of materials and procedure. Responsibilities for the quality are also defined
based on the items and a comprehensive quality assurance plan.
Though inspections and quality control are old concepts, quality is not the outcome of only
inspections and quality control engineers but the outcome of one and all involved in the process and
that is called Total Quality Management (TQM). Thus be the contractor, supplier, engineer,
designer, quality control engineers or the workers involved in the process, all have to contribute to
the quality though their duties and responsibilities may be different. Quality has to be built in
planning and implemented in filed ultimately.
It is also known that poor quality work involves wastage; wastage of material, labour, finance
and resources. This is the reason that a contractor avoids rectification or redoing the work. But if he
has to do it, the work becomes costly than even a good quality work. Hence, quality work can only
be achieved if it has been done right for the first time. This is again the principle of TQM or zero
wastage. So to achieve a quality work, everyone involved in the process has to go for a quality work
right at the first instance, be the contractor, engineer or worker. And if work has been done as per
quality standards right at the first instance, it would eliminate multiple levels and frequency of
inspections.

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2.0 Provisions in CPWD Works Manual and
Standard Operating Procedures (SoPs)

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QUALITY ASSURANCE
Para 7.1 Chief Technical Examiners Organization
7.1.1 Functions
The Chief Technical Examiner's Organisation is the technical wing of the Central
Vigilance Commission. The Chief Technical Examiner's Organisation conducts inspections of
works of CPWD from the vigilance angle on its own or on a complaint being received
by/referred to them. The inspections can be carried out by them for works of any magnitude,
both in respect of original and repair works.
7.1.2 Returns
1. Quarterly return of the works in progress, as per CTE’s circulars from time to time are
required to be submitted to CTE after consolidation at the regional level or as notified by the
Directorate from time to time.
SOP No. 7/1 : CTE’s Organisation – Returns and Inspections (Refer Para 7.1.2)
(1) The work wise returns are submitted in proforma given in Annexure -48. These returns
are required to be submitted for the quarters ending March, June, September and
December.
(2) The proforma for quarterly progress report in respect of stores and purchase is given in
Annexure -49.
(3) Various documents relevant to the work generally asked for by the CTE are kept ready
at site. A list of such documents is given in Annexure -50.
(4) To expedite replies and settle the points and to ensure timely action, the time limit fixed
by the CTE are strictly adhered to by officers of CPWD at all levels.
(5) To watch proper disposal of replies, the T/S Authority/ Engineer in Charge maintains a
register in proforma given in Annexure -51.
(6) A Register of overpayments pointed out by the CTE Organisation and subsequent
recoveries effected, is maintained by the NIT authority in the proforma given in
Annexure -52.
(7) Notice for rectification of defects, recoveries to the made etc., is issued by the concerned
officer, who is party to the contract, acting for and on behalf of the President of India.
(8) Qtrly. progress reports to be sent to CTE for:
Civil works, Turnkey works Contracts,
Rs. Five crore
Category I Stores & Purchases, PPP- Public Private
and above.
Partnership, Sale of Goods/Scrap/Land
Electrical/Mechanical works / Maintenance /
Service contracts including Electronics / Rs. One crore
Category-II
instrumentation/ Telecommunication /Man and above.
power Supply / Consultancy contracts:
Rs. Ten lakhs
Category-III Horticulture works :
and above.

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 (9) The work wise returns are to be submitted on separate sheets.
(10 No reference to be made to CTE inspection/examination of works in any correspondence
made with the contractor.
2. The Engineer in Charge/CE/ADG shall monitor CTE paras and ensure that the paras of CTE
are settled on priority.
3. While making correspondence with the contractor, Engineer in Charge shall not quote/give
reference of CTE’s inspections. The Engineer in Charge shall accompany
CTE/representatives of CTE during inspections and issue inspection paras of the CTE to
the contractor as his own observations.
Para 7.2 Quality Assurance and Technical Audit Wing
7.2.1 Introduction
1) The Quality Assurance activity has to ensure a progressively improved and uniform quality
of the finished work. In order to achieve this, the pre-requisites cover among other things, an
inbuilt provision in the contract for a system of continuous check on quality by the field staff
and the contractor, availability of adequately manned and equipped agency for overseeing
the quality aspects, and periodical appraisal of quality and a system of feedback for effecting
possible improvements.
2) The NIT Approving Authority has to ensure through contract conditions that the Concept of
Total Quality Management (TQM) is in-built in the work delivery system for which
everyone shares well defined responsibilities.
3) For budgeted works, engagement of TPQA agency will be done for the works above Rs 20
crores or as per the directions issued from time to time by the CPWD Directorate. For
Deposit works, TPQA provisions will be made as per MOU. For all other contracts where no
TPQA is engaged, the existing QA units of CPWD or as notified from time to time shall
carry out the Quality Assurance checks on random basis.
SOP No. 7/2 : Quality Assurance and Technical Audit Wing (Refer Para 7.2)
The various steps regarding quality assurance and technical audit are to be followed as
below:-
1. Minimum Quality Assurance Plan
(i) Minimum Q.A. Plan is have to be part of tendered document for all the works costing more
than Rs. 2 crore, and for works not exceeding Rs. 2 crore or as intimated from time to time
by CPWD Directorate, the Technical Sanctioning Authority may provide this clause in the
NIT considering its necessity.
(ii) Lot size, number of required tests and frequency of testing needs to be clearly indicated in
QA Plan. Volume of work, Practical Difficulties and Site Conditions etc. may also be kept in
view and lot size, number of tests and frequencies of testing is varied suitably by NIT
Approving Authority.
(iii) It clearly indicates the Machinery and other Tool & Plants required to be deployed at site by
the contractor.
(iv) Requirement to setup field laboratory is defined. All the testing equipments to be arranged by
the contractor is clearly mentioned by the NIT Approving Authority. A list of field
equipments for typical field laboratory is given in Annexure -53 & 53A.

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(v) All the relevant and applicable codes, specifications and standards, as well as the acceptance
criteria for various items of work, workmanship, materials and process employed needs to be
mentioned.
(vi) A proper shuttering schedule showing quantity of shuttering to be brought at site either in
one lot or at different stages of work forms part of QA Plan.
(vii) Maintenance of Register of Tests –
(a) All the registers of tests carried out at Construction Site or in outside laboratories is
maintained by the contractor which is issued to the contractor by Engineer-in-charge.
(b) All Samples of materials including Cement Concrete Cubes is taken jointly with
Contractor by JE and the field officers as per percentage decided by the NIT approving
authority and stipulated in the NIT. All the necessary assistance is provided by the
contractor. Cost of sample materials is to be borne by the contractor and he/she is
responsible for safe custody of samples to be tested at site.
(c) All the test in field lab setup at Construction Site is carried out by the Engineering Staff
deployed by the contractor preferably. The percentages of tests to be witnessed by the
field officers are to be decided by the NIT approving authority and stipulated in the NIT
keeping in view the nature of work and should form part of QA Plan.
(d) All the entries in the registers are made by the designated Engineering Staff of the
contractor and same is regularly reviewed by the field officers as well as the Engineer in
Charge(e). Contractor is responsible for safe custody of all the test registers.
(viii) Proforma for Mandatory tests as per Annexure-54 is attached with each Running bill.
Submission of copy of all test registers and material at site register along with each
alternate Running Account Bill and Final Bill is mandatory. These registers are duly
checked by AE(P) in Division Office and receipts of registers should also be
acknowledged by Accounts Officer by signing the copies and register to confirm
receipt in Division office.

If all the test registers and MAS register are not submitted along with each alternate R/A
Bill & Final Bill, it is responsibility of Engineer in charge & concerned accounts unit to
ensure that no payment is released to the contractor.

(ix) Maintenance of Material at Site (MAS) Register –

(a) All the MAS Registers including Cement and Steel Registers is maintained by
Contractor which is issued to the contractor by Engineer-in-charge.
(b) Each of the entry of receipt of material at site is 100% test checked by JE or by AE if
there is no JE.
(c) Each MAS Register is checked by JE at least twice a week and at least once a week by
AE. If, there is no JE then MAS registers is checked by AE at least twice a week.
(d) Cement Register is reviewed by EE at least once in a month.

(x) The work so measured, checked and paid is of the required quality and standard, both in
respect of ingredients as well as the intended functions it is supposed to perform. In other
words, the work would not two is meet the required specifications and also the
workmanship as per sound engineering practices.

(xi) Minimum QA plan may vary work to work basis depending upon nature and volume of
work.

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 (xii) The Superintending Engineer is also have to check and sign compliance of the quality
assurance plan for the original/ major work costing above Rs. 10 crore before every
alternate running account bill. The Superintending Engineer is not be absolved of his/her
responsibilities to ensure that the quality assurance plan is complied within every work
under his/her charge. It is his/her responsibility to locate the lapses or deficiency and take
suitable action if the quality assurance plan is not implemented in spirit and action by the
field officers.

2.Method Statement
In all major works of contract costing more than Rs.50 crore or as notified from time to
time provision is made in the tender documents for the contractor to submit a ‘Methods
statement’ for the approval of the department soon after the award of work to him. The
‘Methods statement’ is a statement by which the construction procedures for important
activities of construction are stated, checked, and approved. The ‘Methods statement’, should
have a description of the item with elaborate procedures in steps to implement the same, the
specifications of the materials involved, their testing and acceptance criteria, equipments to be
used, precautions to be taken, mode of measurement, etc.

3.Quality Assurance Set-up

(i) QA wings in each sub region under the Additional Director General of the sub
Region.
(ii) Core Wing at the Directorate under the Chief Engineer (CSQ).
(iii) QA team at circle level

4.Organizational set-up of Quality Assurance Unit

The implementation of Quality Assurance in the field will require close co-operation
among the three agencies, namely (a) field engineers (b) the construction agency, and (c) the
Quality Assurance team at Circle level for strict compliance of Quality Assurance Procedure
forming part of agreement.

5.Quality Assurance team at Circle level

(i) The Quality Assurance team with the Superintending Engineer of the Circle as its head
will comprise the Assistant Engineer, whose main job is quality assurance. In order that the
role of the Assistant Engineer(QA) is effective in the process of Quality Assurance, the
following points are essential:
(a) The periodicity of visit of works is such that the process control at various stages is
possible.
(b) There is minimum delay between inspection of work and communication of inspection
report to the field formation.
(c) The Assistant Engineer(QA) carries out his/her tasks in a work that relates
operationally to the quality specifications and standards laid down for the work, and to
the control actions that can be applied to the construction process. Thus the Assistant
Engineer (QA) assesses those aspects which are important to the overall quality of the
finished work.
(i) The functions of the Quality Assurance team at Circle level are to check the compliance of
Quality Assurance system by the field units, to locate the lapse/deficiency in the implementation
of the Quality Assurance Plan, and to guide the field engineers in quality related aspects of the
work. For this purpose:
(a) The Assistant Engineer(QA) carries out minimum two visits to works every month.

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 (b) The Assistant Engineer(QA) prepares his/her program and take approval of the
Superintending Engineer. The program is sent to site in advance of inspection.
(ii) Such inspections by the QA team is, however, not absolve the responsibility of the Junior
engineer/ Assistant engineer/Engineer in Charge for accepting only quality work from the
contractor.
(iii)The following norms have been decided for inspection to be carried out by the Assistant
Engineer(QA) of the Circle Office:

Construction works costing more than normal

Each work to be inspected at
tender acceptance powers of the Superintending
(i) least thrice during currency of
Engineer but more than or equal to the normal
work.
tender acceptance powers of the EE
Construction works of the power of Executive
(ii) Each work to be inspected once.
Engineer
(iii) Maintenance works Frequency to be decided by SE.

(iv) During periodical visits, efforts of the Assistant Engineer(QA) should be directed at:
(a) To check the quality of materials accepted by the field units for use in the work and to see
whether the laid down system of 'Quality Assurance Plan' has been followed.
(b) To check the overall quality of the finished items. Random checks shall be applied by the
Assistant Engineer(QA) with the help of handy instruments like impact hammer for
determining the strength of concrete, portable, penetrometer for testing strength of mortar of
plaster, electronic moisture meter for testing moisture content of timber, etc.
(c) To randomly check the field tests carried out by the field staff during the progress of the work.
This is to be with particular reference to the mandatory tests laid down in the CPWD
Specifications. In case of any abnormal test results coming to his notice, the Assistant
Engineer(QA) with the approval of the Superintending Engineer, shall send samples of such
items to the laboratory for repeat tests.
(d) To provide guidance to the field staff in case of any problem relating to routine field tests.
(e) Finally, on the basis of these observations with regard to the quality of works, general
adherence to the quality assurance procedures and the standard of progress, he shall submit an
overall assessment report in the form at Annexure-55 to the Superintending Engineer of the
Circle. The Superintending Engineer shall complete Part V of the report with minimum delay.
The Assistant Engineer(QA) will then send the report to the Executive Engineer concerned. In
the case of works accepted by the Chief Engineer, or higher authority a copy of the Inspection
Report is to be endorsed to the Zonal Chief Engineer also.
(6) Action by SE on AE (QA) Report
Based on the report of the Assistant Engineer (QA), the Superintending Engineer shall
assess the following:
(i) The general standard of quality of the work at the particular site. This assessment is to
be based on the regularity of the routine tests carried out in the field, and general
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 adherence to the quality control procedures.
(ii) Remedial action required to avoid defects of the nature mentioned in the Inspection
Report.
(7) Sub Regional Q.A. units and their functions
(1) Quality Assurance work in various Sub Regions are being looked after by the Sub
Regional QA units headed by Director (work cum TLQA) the Superintending Engineer
(TLCQA) or Director Works of the Sub Region.
(2) The Sub Regional QA units shall follow the guidelines and norms relating to Quality
Systems and Procedures as laid down by the Quality Assurance Core Wing from time to
time. These Sub Regional QA units shall function under the control of the Additional
Director General, CPWD who shall be fully responsible for effective quality assurance
in their Sub Region. However, the Chief Engineer (CSQ) shall also inspect the works in
the Sub Regions on behalf of the Director General (Works) to see the effectiveness of
Quality Assurance as well as cases referred to him by the Chief Engineer/Additional
Director General.

(8) The role and functions of Q.A. units under the Sub Region
(1) In general, the QA units shall exercise the role of management of Quality Systems and
Procedures to achieve and sustain quality of works executed by the CPWD, and to offer
necessary guidance to the field units in this regard.
(2) Major functions assigned to QA Units are as under:
(i) To carry out inspection of original works costing more than the Superintending Engineer's
power of acceptance of tenders in general, and maintenance works (including functioning of
Enquiry Offices) from the Quality Assurance angle on selective basis. The QA units will
check and comment on the Quality Assurance system in place. They are not supposed to
supersede the existing Quality Assurance system. The QA units may also inspect any work
irrespective of its value with the approval of ADG.
The works where Third Party Quality Assurance agency have been engaged and detailed
procedure of Quality Assurance and technical audit are followed, the works shall not be
selected either for comprehensive or normal inspection. However, the concerned Chief
Engineer shall ensure that detailed Quality Assurance and Technical Audit is done in such
works.
(ii) In selecting works for inspection, their uniqueness, complexities and special characteristics,
if any, shall be kept in view. For effective quality assurance, any major work shall be
inspected 3 to 4 times during the progress of the work at various stages. Each QA unit
headed by an Executive Engineer shall visit minimum 3 works per month, out of which at
least 25% works shall be maintenance/special repair works.
(iii) To carry out comprehensive examination and technical audit of at least one Division per
Zone in a year for works costing more than the Superintending Engineer’s power of
acceptance of tenders in general. Such examination shall encompass all aspects of the work,

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 right from the requisition stage till its completion and payment of final bill.
(iv) To provide guidance in setting up laboratories at various stations/work sites.
(v) To review the performance of new materials and techniques introduced in the Department
from time to time on the basis of the field inspections.
(vi) To convey observations regarding electrical works having bearing on the planning and
execution of civil works to the appropriate unit in electrical wing and vice versa.
(vii) To inspect any work, or carry out investigations and enquiries with regard to quality related
aspects assigned by the Additional Director General concerned/Director General, CPWD.
(viii) To submit quarterly reports in brief to the Additional Director General covering:
List of major works inspected, common defects/deficiencies observed in the work, and highlight
of the functioning of the Sub Regional QA set-up.

(9) The Core Wing and its functions

(1) The Core Wing shall have the over-all responsibility of constantly reviewing the existing
quality assurance procedures, and updating them on the basis of feed back from the Quality
Assurance Teams.
(2) It shall carry out the functions of Sub Regional QA unit for works under all Additional
Directors General under whom no Director (work cum TLQA) / Superintending Engineer
(QA)/TLCQA is posted. Presently, the QA unit in the Core Wing looks after works under the
Additional Director General (NDR), (DR) and (Border), as well as the Engineer-in-Chief,
Delhi PWD. In addition, it performs the following other functions:
(i) To deal with policy issues pertaining to Total Quality Management System (TQM) for the
CPWD as a whole.
(ii) To review the existing procedures regularly on the basis of feed back from the Sub Regional
units, and to issue guidelines/instructions to ensure uniformity, consistency and reliability in
implementation of Quality Assurance systems and procedures in the Department.
(iii) To lay down norms/guidelines for periodic inspection and effective functioning of the QA
units in the Sub Regions/Quality Control teams at Circle level.
(iv) To keep itself updated with modern testing equipments and methods, and disseminate
information in this regard to all concerned in the Department.
(v) To review the existing tolerance limits, and to lay down the tolerance limits in respect of
finished items for which such limits are not specified in the C.P.W.D. Specifications. Such
tolerance limits will be fixed on the basis of the accumulated experience in various works.
(vi) To issue guidelines/instructions for assigning accountability for different items of works.
(vii) To carry out investigations and enquiries with regard to quality related aspects for specific
works or any other functions assigned by the Chief Engineer (CSQ)/concerned Additional
Director General/Director General, CPWD.

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(10) Uploading of works in Web Based Project Monitoring System (WBPMS)
All the works are uploaded in WBPMS by the respective officers(owner of the project)
and further progress are updated and reviewed and is downloaded as and when required by
the competent authority.
(11) Issue of Inspection Reports by Core Wing/Sub Regional TLCQA units and follow-
up action
(1) During the inspection, the QA unit will prepare the necessary observations based on the
proforma as annexure 56.
(2) The emphasis of QA inspection should be more on enforcing the required quality of work
rather ' than on fault finding. The QA cell should also consider itself to be a part of the
team with the field units to achieve the quality, and at the same time retain its
independent status to ensure the required quality standards in the work. The QA
inspections should, therefore, focus on ways and means to give the desired results in
terms of quality of work. The report shall be prepared carefully, avoiding tendency to
report shortcomings of minor/ routine nature possibly covered by the QA unit of the
Circle Office. Defects/deficiency in the Quality Assurance system at the field unit level,
lapses in the implementation of the Quality Assurance Plan should be indicated for
corrective action. The inspection report should consequently be broadly in two parts-the
first, being corrective in nature, and the second, mandatory.
(i) The first part should be on the shortcomings that are noticed, with necessary directions,
and where necessary with necessary ways/methods, to rectify them. The field units
should immediately act upon them, and report compliance to the QA cell.
(ii) The second part should cover serious shortcomings that affect the structural safety or
life of the structure or installation. These may be due to oversight, carelessness,
inadvertent miscalculation, or deliberate action of a functionary or functionaries in the
field formation. Such observations shall require immediate remedial measures that
could include rejection of the item of work or supply and re-doing the same, or
reduction in payment, or in additional safety/ corrective measures. The inspection report
should indicate the action to be taken by the field units. Where such shortcomings are
due to, or are suspected to be due to deliberate and/or malafide motives, the QA cell
shall refer the case to the Chief Engineer for action to be taken against the erring
officer(s) and/or official(s).
(iii)While mentioning the shortcomings noticed under 2(i) and 2(ii) above, corrective steps/
methodology to be taken up against each observation is to be indicated in the inspection
report. EE/SE/CE may give their opinion on such corrective steps as suggested which
should be considered by QA unit and final decision to be conveyed to field units with
minimum delay.
(3) After finalization of the report, the Executive Engineer (QA) shall sign and send the report
to the concerned Executive Engineer, simultaneously enclosing copies to the concerned
Chief Engineer and the Superintending Engineer. A copy of the report will also be
endorsed to the Additional Director General of Sub Region by the Sub Regional TLCQA
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 unit, and to the Chief Engineer (CSQ) by the Core Wing.
(4) Any point considered serious enough to be brought to the specific notice of the concerned
Superintending Engineer/Chief Engineer will be intimated by the Director (works cum
TLQA) of the Sub Region/Chief Engineer (CSQ) through a separate letter by name in
addition to the normal report.
(5) Where some observation paras have been brought to the notice of the Superintending
Engineer/ Chief Engineer, they should send their comments/replies after personal
inspection in case the work is located at the same station/headquarter. For outside works,
the Superintending Engineer/Chief Engineer can take the assistance of the Assistant
Engineer(QA)/Superintending
Engineer (P&A) in order to ensure that the replies are sent within 4 weeks from the date of
receipt of the Inspection Reports/letters from the Director (works cum TLQA) of sub
region/Chief Engineer (CSQ).
(6) Notwithstanding the above, serious irregularities/defaults, over-payments, shortages, of
stores frauds like wrong certification, or wrong report of rectification of defects and any
other matter involving vigilance angle shall be referred to the Chief vigilance officer,
CPWD immediately by the TLQA unit of sub region through their reporting officer/Chief
Engineer (CSQ).
(12) Action in Divisions on the Inspection Report of Core Wing/Sub Regional QA unit
Proper attention by the field units to the concept of Quality Assurance as dealt in para 53.1
above and a continuous check over process control should as a matter of fact give no
opportunity to the Core Wing to bring out any shortcoming in quality related aspects of the
work. Following action shall be taken by the Executive Engineer on receipt of the
Inspection Report from the Core Wing/Sub Regional QA unit:
(i) It should be immediately brought to the notice of the Assistant Engineer and the Junior
Engineer in charge of the work.
(ii) The following further action should be taken:
(a) The various observations involving the contractor's work or any other obligation of the
contractor shall be brought to the notice of the contractor through the Site Order Book.
(b) The work should be checked up for defects similar to the ones observed at other
locations, and all such findings also brought to the notice of the contractor suitably as above.
It should be ensured that similar defects do not recur in further work.
(c) Wherever the defects are rectifiable, action should be taken for their rectification,
simultaneously ensuring that such works are not placed in a position beyond rectification.
No further work shall be done at that location till the defects are rectified. Also to
investigate why such defects were not arrested by process control quality assurance set-up in
the Divisional Office in the first instance.
(d) For items of observations not involving the contractor's work/obligations, the Executive
Engineer shall ensure that due action is taken in time.
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 (e) Wherever any para is referred to the Superintending Engineer/Chief Engineer, the
Executive Engineer should send an action taken report to the Superintending Engineer on
priority.
(f) The Executive Engineer concerned shall take action on the observations, and send
compliance report on rectification of defects/deficiencies to the QA Unit within a period of
4 weeks from the date of receipt of the Inspection Report.

(iii) There should be concerted efforts on the part of the field units as well as the QA cell to
comply with the observations of the QA cell, and finally settle all the paras during the
progress of the work itself so that the bill for the work is finalised in time. Such observations
should not be allowed to linger on indefinitely.
(13) Action in Circle Office on Inspection Reports of QA units
Following action shall be taken by the Superintending Engineer on receipt of the Inspection
Report from the Core Wing/Sub Regional QA unit:
(1) Watching the compliance of the observations by the Executive Engineer and his Assistant
Engineers/ Junior Engineers, and to ensure that replies to the Inspection Reports of the Core
Wing are sent expeditiously.
(2) On paras referred to the Superintending Engineer/Chief Engineer by the QA Wing, they
shall not endorse the reply of the Executive Engineer as it is. They shall duly satisfy
themselves about the same before sending their comments/reply to the QA unit.
(3) It is necessary that the observations made by the Q.A. unit are attended to on priority and
compliance reported.
(4) The Chief Engineer should have regular quarterly review of pending Inspection Reports.
Similarly review should be done at Superintending Engineer's level at monthly intervals.
Para 8.13 Consultancy Works to Government Organizations/Institutes
Consultancy work (such as proof checking of structural design or original structural design
of typical or special structure, assignment of specialized job requiring analysis of structures and
soil investigation, Architectural/ Landscape Design consultancy work and seeking expert advice
for retro-fitting of buildings or third party quality audit (TPQA) of the work (as per request of
the client) can be assigned to IITs, NITs, Govt. Engineering College, Central Building Research
Institute (CBRI), and other central/state Govt. Institutes, without call of tenders.

Para 4.8 EPC Contracts:

For executing contract on EPC methodology, the following important provisions are to be
considered while framing estimate, preparing NIT etc:
(1) Enabling estimate can be submitted as per client requirement for carrying out pre-
construction activities wherever required for conceptual planning purpose to assess the
precise requirement of the scope of work.
(2) The concerned CA/SA unit or the consultant appointed by the NIT approving authority
shall prepare the concept design, preliminary drawings and specifications based on

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 detailed requirements of the work, in consultation with the client before preparation of
Preliminary Estimate.
(3) The tenders based on EPC mode cannot be the model based on item rates and quantities
hence the estimated cost for such tenders may be worked out on the basis of CPWD
plinth area rates as per norms and the cost suitably modified considering applicable
cost index or by adopting any other appropriate method as decided by NIT approving
authority. Preliminary drawings and specifications approved by the client shall form
part of the NIT.
(4) Soil investigation report shall be appended in the NIT for indicative purpose only.
(5) The responsibility of investigations, designing, planning, procurement, construction,
safety, quality, and risk of engineering lies with the contractor and the same will be
incorporated in the NIT.
(6) Mode of measurements for payment purpose will be decided by the NIT approving
authority.
(7) The award of work shall be decided based on competitive call of tenders. The Chief
Engineer ascertains the reasonability of prices using analytical methods such as
tendered amount for similar works whose tenders were accepted in the recent past,
PAR rates duly enhanced by the current cost index and any other method approved by
the Chief Engineer for ascertaining the reasonability of the tendered amount of the L1
bidder.
(8) In case the tender received is more than A/A & E/S, revised A/A & E/S or in principle
approval from the competent authority shall be necessary.

Para 5.6.2 Preliminaries

The Engineer in Charge and his representatives shall be responsible for execution of works
and contract management according to the drawings, design, specifications, quality, and
agreement etc. Time of completion of work shall be considered as an essential factor of
contract management.
Para 5.6.4 Responsibility for Quality of Work
The officer who records/test checks the measurements for an item of work will be
responsible for the quality, quantity/ measurements and dimensional accuracy of that item of
work. In respect of all works, the responsibility of various officers for checking of materials
and workmanship of items of works shall be given below.
1. To ensure that materials duly approved are used in the work, samples of various materials
are approved by the Engineer in Charge and by NIT approving authority not below the rank
of SE for projects above the powers of EE.
2. Wherever necessary the above mentioned authorities approve the sources for respective
materials.
3. Approved samples of materials are signed by the approving authority and the contractor and
preserved till the end of the project.
4. Samples of various materials, fittings are approved well in advance and displayed at sites of
works with make and name of the manufacturer/supplier.
5. The material non conforming to specifications are promptly rejected and removed from site.

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6. It is incumbent upon the Engineer in Charge to keep a watch over regular testing of materials
before making payment at the stage of each running bill. For this purpose, a proforma as per
Annexure -54 is prescribed.
7. Samples for tests are taken mostly by the Junior Engineers, or some by the Assistant
Engineers.
8. Samples for 10% of mandatory tests are collected by the Engineer in Charge. 10% of the
field tests are got done by the Engineer in Charges in their presence.
9. A Guard file is maintained at all work sites, containing copies of all inspection reports to-
date.
10. Site Order book, Record of tests,, etc. are put up for entries and review to every inspecting
officer. Similarly online Inspection register are reviewed by the inspecting officers.
11. The inspecting officers of the rank of Superintending Engineer and above not only confine
themselves to review of progress, coordination and general matters, but also inspect the work
from quality Assurance aspects.
12. The Engineer in Charge invariably reviews and signs the guard file of earlier inspections,
Site Order Book, Register of tests carried out etc.
13. Checklist
(i) As and when any important item is taken up for execution, the Junior Engineer/Assistant
Engineer should go through the specifications and invariably make a checklist.
(ii) This checklist is got approved from the Engineer in Charge, and is shown to the inspecting
officers.
(iii)The important items inter-alia include foundation work, including reinforcement and
shuttering, brickwork, cast-in-situ mosaic flooring, doors & windows, plumbing, including
water supply pipe lines, roof treatment, earth filling etc. which are a few illustrative items for
checklist purpose.
(iv) Sample checklists for items of concrete for raft, columns/beams/slabs, water supply lines,
brickwork and plastering are given in Annexure -26 for guidance.
14. To avoid dampness and leakage, the Engineer in Charges ensures that necessary tests are
carried out for proper slopes of canopies, chajjas, terracing, drainage arrangements, water
tightness of expansion joints, joints in the water supply, drainage and sanitary works before
these are covered/ concealed, and also ensure rectification of defects noticed.

15. The Engineer in Charge ensure availability of the required test equipments for field tests, as
well as an updated copy of specifications, copies of agreement at sites of works.
16. In respect of all works, the responsibility of various officers for checking of materials and
workmanship is given in Annexure -27.
The T/S Authority shall be responsible for the overall quality of work.

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 In case, the quality has been checked by the QA unit of CPWD, the removal of defects shall be
ensured within reasonable time by the Engineer in Charge and the QA unit. The responsibility
of quality for the items checked by the quality assurance unit of CPWD will also lie with the
QA unit in addition to the Engineer in Charge and his representatives.
Para 5.6.6 Periodic Inspection of Works
The works shall be inspected frequently by various officers concerned with the work to ensure
that the work in general is being carried out according to quality, design, drawing, and
specifications. The programme for inspection of the works shall be followed as per details
given in SOP 5/12 mentioned below:
1. The various levels of field officers executing the work as well as CA/SA/Arch concerned
with the work, mandatorily inspect the works frequently to ensure that the works are in
general being executed according to the design, drawings and specifications laid down in
the contract.
2. The Engineer in Charge draws a quarterly programme of inspection in respect of various
works in his/her Division. The minimum number of inspections for each work are : 1 for
every 2 bills for the works at his/her head-quarters, and 1 for every 3 bills for the works
outside the headquarters. A copy of this programme is sent to his/her next higher authority.
3. Similarly an Officer not below the rank of SE draws a quarterly programme of inspection
in respect of various works In particular, for contracts accepted by SEand above level
officers, and for other important works, the programme for inspection is so drawn that the
NIT approving authority inspects at least once at each of the following stages during the
execution of each work:
(i) At SE’s HQ Outside SE’s HQ
(ii) Upto 3rd RA bill Upto 5th RA bill
(iii) 4th to 6th RA bill 6th to 10th RA bill
(iv) 7th to 9th RA bill 11th to 15th RA bill and so on
Para 5.14 Test Checking of Measurements
The T/S authority shall be responsible for the overall quality of the work. Test Checking of
measurements shall be carried out by respective officers as given in SOP 5/24 as mentioned
below:
1. Test check by the Assistant Engineer
(i) The Assistant Engineer satisfies himself/ herself before passing a bill for payment, or
before submitting it to the Divisional Officer for payment, that the work or supply
billed for has actually been carried out/completed in accordance with the terms and
conditions of the contract.
(ii) The Assistant Engineer is to personally inspect all the works of any magnitude and
submit the same to division office before for payment.
(iii) He/She is required to check measure the works in his/her charge as below:
(a) All items of work in a project irrespective of their cost, are and recorded by the Junior

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 Engineer-in-charge of the work. It is, however, open to the Assistant Engineer to
record measurements for any particular item of work himself. In case of absence of
Junior Engineer, the Assistant Engineer records measurements.
(b) The Officer accepting the tender for any work may stipulate and require the Assistant
Engineer to record measurements himself or exercise 100% check on the
measurements recorded by his subordinate for any item including those, which,
owing to their situation, cannot subsequently be checked measured or which have
very high unit rates or which in the opinion of the Officer are important.
(iv) Important works, within meaning of the above, include items which owing to the
situation cannot be subsequently checked or which have very high unit rates. For
guidance, these items are classified generally as below :-
(a) Items of work which owing to their situation cannot subsequently be checked :
(i) All work below ground level such as Concrete, Masonry, Steel work etc. in
foundation; and
(ii) Fabricated Steel work in columns, beams, etc. which are encased either in
masonry or concrete, reinforcement in RCC/RB work.
(iii) Wood work, Iron work etc. hidden by ceilings, wall paneling or floor boardings.
(iv) Bitumen painting of roofs under mud phuska and tiles paving or under terrace
concrete.
(v) Water proofing compounds used in gauging cement.
(vi) Lines of pipes buried in floor or masonry in Internal sanitary, water supply or
drainage installations.
(vii) Earthing installation, cable laying etc.
(b) Items of works which are considered to have very high unit rates :
(i) RCC Work.
(ii) Items in sunk ashlar stone or marble work, plain sunk or moulded in walls,
columns, arches or domes.
(iii) Stone or marble work in wall lining. All steel cladding, structural glazing etc.
(iv) All wood work in Chowkhats, frames or trusses in Indian or Burmah Teakwood.
(v) All joinery work in shutters, trellis works, miscellaneous wood work etc. whether
in Indian Teak or Burma Teakwood.
(vi) All brass, oxidised brass or other similar costly fittings of doors, windows etc.
where payable separately.
(vii) All major equipments for AC, lifts, Generator sets, Sub-station equipments,
fireworks
(viii) any other items desired by Engineer-in-charge.
(v) In case of works at headquarters of the Sub-Division, AE should check measure not less
than 50% of the value of the measurements recorded by his/her Junior Engineer before

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 any running/final bill is paid. In case of works outside headquarters of the Sub-
Division, the Assistant Engineer should check measure upto 50% of the value of work
done before preparing final bills or before making payment of alternate running/final bills.
(i) In case of works at headquarters of the Sub-Division, AE should check measure
not less than
(ii) 50% of the value of the measurements recorded by his Junior Engineer before
any running/final bill is paid.
(iii) In case of works outside headquarters of the Sub-Division, the Assistant
Engineer should check measure upto 50% of the value of work done before
preparing final bills or before making payment of alternate running/final bills.
Note: For the purpose of test check, “measurements” means the “corresponding monetary
value of measurements of work done.” This, however, does not apply to “Levels”, in which
case the test check has to be based on the number of levels recorded.
(vi) While test checking the works of repetitive type, the Assistant Engineer (Elect) should
test check 100% of all items of at least one unit, taken at random, besides test checking
isolated and individual items in other units to bring the total extent of check measurement to
the desired limit of 50% of value of work done.
(vii) Besides the mandatory test check of RCC and hidden items of work, the test check of
measurements by Assistant Engineer shall also include not less than 50% of the
plumbing work for sanitary and water supply wherever applicable.
(viii) In the case of works outside the headquarters of the Sub-Division costing upto 20% of
his tender acceptance power, check measurements by the Assistant Engineer need not
be insisted upon. He will, however, have to accept general responsibility for the
correctness of the bill as a whole.
2. Test check by the Engineer in Charge
(i) The Engineer in Charge should test check 10% of the measurements recorded by
his/her subordinates at least every alternate bill for works at his/her headquarter, and
at least every third bill for works outside his/her headquarter. Measurements selected
by EE is
(ii) independent of measurements test checked by AE. However this will not apply to
items, the measurement of which are a checked 100% by AE. In respect of works
costing up to 20% of his/her tender acceptance power at places outside the
headquarter of the division, and in case of works costing up to 10% of his/her tender
acceptance power at the headquarter of the division, the Engineer in Charge may, in
his/her discretion, authorize payment without any test check by him. He/she will,
however, have to accept general responsibility for the correctness of the bill as a
whole.
(iii) Test check of RCC and plumbing works
(a) Test check of the Engineer in Charge is also include at least 10% test check of
the measurements of RCC items so as to ensure structural safety of building.
(b) Besides the mandatory test check of RCC and hidden items of work, the test
check of measurements by the Engineer in Charge is also include not less than
10% of the plumbing work for sanitary and water supply.

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 (iv) Test check of steel
(a) In the case of receipt of steel, the Engineer in Charge is test check 10% of the
total consignment received in a month. Any consignment test checked by the
Engineer in Charge is checked by him/her 100%.
(b) Permitted variation between the quantities as per supplier’s bills and as received
and accounted for in stock account, is 0.5% in the steel bars upto and including 12
mm dia, and 1% in the case of steel bars of higher dia. 59
(c) If in any consignment the variation on lower side exceeds the aforesaid limits,
100% check of the measurements is carried out by the Engineer in Charge, and
detailed investigation into the reasons for the shortage recorded.
(v) Test check in road works
In case of road work involving supplying and laying of sub-base and base course
material:
(a) The stacks is uniformly distributed along the road. The collection of stone
metal is completed for the entire work, or for complete length of 1 km, or as
directed by the Engineer-in-Charge, and measured before the work of laying and
consolidation is taken up in hand.
(b) The Assistant Engineer is test check not less than 50%, and the Engineer in
Charge, not less than 10% of the supply of materials in each length of 1 km
before the work of laying is started.
(vi) Test checks to be attested
The individual items checked is clearly shown in the Measurement Book, and the
result recorded by the officer concerned. The items thus checked is attested by the
dated initials of the checking Officer.
(vii) Consolidated record of checks/test checks
(a) A collective record of all the check carried out from time to time is prepared
in each Measurement Book.
(b) The result is indicated by the word “Satisfactory” or “Unsatisfactory” as
judged at the time on merits of each case. Unsatisfactory result is
communicate to the JE or both the JE and AE as the case is.

Para 5.1.6 Justification of tenders

However, while preparing the justification nothing shall be added extra for -
(1) Cost of engineering establishment deployed by the contractor.
(2) Cost of effort in arranging T&P and heavy machinery which have not been considered
in the analysis of rates for the items included in the BOQ of the work.
(3) Cost of cleaner environment at site & labour welfare facilities.
(4) Cost of Quality Assurance set up enhancing testing lab.
SOP 5/19 Secured Advance on material brought at site

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 Guidelines for Secured advance on material brought at site shall be as below:
(4) (iii) The quality of materials is as per the specifications.

Details to be submitted by Contractor alongwith Progress Report.

The progress report submitted by the contractor shall contain the details as mentioned below
apart from details may be required as per NIT conditions.
(1) Apart from the progress reports which are being compiled and submitted to higher
authorities from various levels in the department, there should be a stipulation in the
contract for large value works, say, Rs. 20 Crores and above, or as may be decided by the
NIT approving authority, for the contractor has to submit monthly progress report of the
work in a computerized form showing the rate of progress of work, progress during the
previous period etc. The progress report shall contain the followings:-
(i) Project information, giving the broad features of the contract.
(ii) Introduction, giving a brief scope of the work under the contract, and the broad structural or
other details.
(iii)Construction schedule of the various components of the work through a bar chart for the
next three quarters (or as may be specified), showing the milestones, targeted tasks and upto
date progress.
(iv) Progress chart of the various components of the work that are planned and achieved, for the
month as well as cumulative upto the month, with reasons for deviations, if any, in a tabular
format.
(v) Plant and machinery statement, indicating those deployed in the work, and their working
status.
(vi) Man-power statement, indicating individually the names of all the staff deployed in the
work, along with their designations.
(vii) Financial statement, indicating the broad details of all the running account payments
received upto date, such as gross value of work done, advances taken, recoveries effected,
amounts withheld, net payments, details of cheque payments received, etc.
(viii) A statement showing the extra and substituted items submitted by the contractor, and
the payments received against them, items pending for sanction/decision by the Department,
broad details of the bank Guarantees, indicating clearly their validity periods, broad details
of the insurance policies taken by the contractor, if any, the advances received and adjusted.
(ix) Progress photographs, in colour, of the various items/components of the work done upto
date, to indicate visually the actual progress of the work.
(x) Quality assurance and quality control tests conducted during the month, with the results
thereof.

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Para 5.7(2) Site Document
For maintaining and operating other site documents viz Site order book, physical inspection
register (where ever applicable), cement register, dismantle register etc details are given in
SOP 5/14 as mentioned below:

1. Site Order book

(i) The form of the site order book is given in Annexure -28.
(ii) Verbal orders of Senior Officers are confirmed by the JE/AE in writing in all cases.
However, implementation of these verbal orders is not delayed for want of confirmation.
(iii)EE and AE concerned, sign the Site Order Book in token of having read all the instructions
issued by various Officers and replies made thereto.
(iv) In case the EE or AE himself/herself wants to give any instructions, he/she records them in
the Site Order Book.
(v) The JE/AE records their observations in the Site Order Book if any defective work is found,
or if the contractor is not complying with any of the terms of the contract, or on the slow
progress of work, if any.
(iv) The Site Order Book is maintained at the site of the work, and is never removed from there
under any circumstance.
(v) The contractor or his/her authorized agent is also at liberty to note his/her difficulties etc. in
this book.
(vi) The compliance of orders/instructions given by the supervisory staff and the date(s) of its
(their) compliance is recorded side by side in the Site Order Book by the Junior Engineer/
Assistant Engineer with dated initials.
(vii) The Engineer in Charge periodically reviews the Site Order Book to ensure that it is
being properly maintained and used. The Site Order Book is consulted at the time of making
payments to the contractor.
(viii) Assistant Engineer verifies at site whether the defects pointed out during construction
have been rectified or not, and also proposes part rates, if necessary, for the items of work
for which defects were pointed out but have not been rectified.
(ix) While recording instructions, reference of CTE’s inspection/ Quality Assurance inspection
should not be quoted in the Site Order Book.

2. Inspection Registers
(i) Senior Officers record the observations of their site inspections through Online site
Inspection register module for each project registered in PMS.
(ii) Online site inspection register becomes functional after the registration of work in PMS
module on CPWD website.
(iii) The inspecting officer after log in through his/her PIMS id selects the concerned project
for work and records his or her observations.
(iv) The Engineer in Charge and his subordinate officers carries over such observation and
defects on which action is to be taken by contractor to the Site Order Book with
appropriate cross references of the Online Inspection register.
(v) The concerned site staff add compliance note against the observations and also upload
site photographs, if needed.
(vi) All the concerned officers of the project from JE to DG, CPWD can view the
compliance and can also add new observations or comments in subsequent remarks.
(vii) In case compliance note is found to be unsatisfactory, the concerned senior officers can
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 add subsequent remarks in this regard.
(viii) The observations can also be drafted in separate word file and then copied to the online register.
(ix) There is also a provision for subordinate officer to prepare the draft observation/
compliance note and submit to approving authority. After approval, the observations are
automatically uploaded in online register in the name of approving authority.
(ix) Observations recorded are reviewed by Sr. officers during their subsequent inspections
to ensure their compliance.
(ix) Monthly report of observations made by an officer is generated by the module.
43
(x) In exceptional cases, if manual inspection register is required to be maintained then
prior approval of an Officer not below the rank of SE is obtained. In this regard a
docketed Inspection register shall maintained as per proforma given in Annexure -29.
3. Cement Registers
(i) The proforma for the Cement Register is as per Annexure -30.
(ii) The Assistant Engineer/Engineer in Charge checks the registers maintained for
accounting of cement at different work sites.
(iii) In case of works costing above Rs. 1,00,000/- or as notified by the Directorate from time
to time, situated outside their headquarters, they inspect the registers and stores during
their respective visits and inspection of the works.
In case of works where Ready Mixed Concrete (RMC) is stipulated to be used from an
approved source/manufacturer, such registers are not be maintained. However, the
computerized dispatch slips that are sent with each dispatch of RMC are kept on
record.
4. Dismantled materials arising out of dismantlement through departmental works
(i) The serviceable materials obtained from dismantlement of a building or structure
wherever not sold by tender or auction, is recorded without value in the Measurement
Book for record purpose
(ii) On the basis of the measurements, the serviceable materials are taken in the Register
of Dismantled Materials in the form at Annexure -31.
(iii) The Assistant Engineer after duly attesting the entries made in the Measurement Book
makes a suitable note that these materials have been entered in the Register and strikes
out the page with a red diagonal line.
(iv) A separate folio or set of folios is kept apart for keeping the accounts of dismantled
materials pertaining to each work.
(v) The serviceable materials obtained from dismantlement is used in the works as far as
possible and is shown as issued to works accordingly in the Register.
(vi) The un-disposed balances is physically verified at least once a year and the result of
the verification recorded in the “Remarks Column”.
(vii) This register (even for “Nil” transactions) is submitted by the Assistant Engineer
regularly each month along with the monthly accounts for scrutiny in the Divisional
Office.
(viii) After the transactions have been checked by the Divisional Accountant, the Register is
laid before the Engineer in Charge for monthly review. The fact of such review is placed
on record in all cases preferably in Form CPWA 96 (memo of review).
(ix) In no case dismantled materials is collected on the road berms. If for any reason, it is
not found possible to comply with these instructions in any particular case, then written
approval of the Superintending Engineer and local authority, if any, is obtained.
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 (x) The “Empties”, i.e. empty drums, tins, bags, and other containers are also included
and accounted for in the Register of Dismantled Materials.
5. Dismantled materials arising out of dismantlement through contract
(i) In case a building or structure is dismantled through contract, a stipulation/provision in
the schedule of work is generally made in the NIT/contract that the contractor has to take
away the dismantled materials within specified time, and for which he/she gives credit
to the Department at his/her tendered and accepted rates.
(ii) In cases where the intrinsic value of the dismantled materials is more than the cost of
dismantlement of the building/structure. In that event, sufficient safeguard is taken
through suitable stipulation/provision in the NIT/contract whereby the contractor has to
deposit the cost of dismantled materials in full with the Department before he/she is
allowed to take up the dismantling work. The cost of dismantling is paid to him/her after
he/she completes the dismantling work.
(iii) Usual provision for security deposit/performance guarantee is made in the contract to
ensure that the contractor completes the dismantling work, and that he/she does not
just walk away with the costly dismantled materials.
(iv) In case where dismantlement is part of construction contract, lump sum stipulation is
made for dismantling and removing the dismantled material, recovery of which is
made as early as possible preferably from the first three running bills.

Para 5.7.2 Testing of Material from outside Laboratories

Guidelines on Testing of Material from outside laboratories are given below:

SOP No.5/16 : Outside/Independent Testing Facilities

1. Extensive testing of the materials used for construction is a pre-requisite for attaining high
quality of the work. This is also require specialized tests, physical, chemical, ultrasonic,
x-ray and various other types of tests which cannot possibly be carried out in a site
laboratory. These tests also require specialized personnel who regularly deal in such
testing. Therefore the need arises for carrying out the tests in outside laboratories.
2. These laboratories are in the Government sector, Semi Government or Private sector. All
govt. Institutes, Indian Institutes of Technology, National Institutes of Technology,
Central and State research Centers, Centrally and State funded laboratories stands
approved. No approval is required for testing in these laboratories/institutes.
3. However, the outside private laboratories are approved in the following manner:-
(i) The SE will approve the private lab irrespective of distance for tests. For this purpose
, labs accredited by NABL or any other accreditation body which operates in
accordance with ISO/IEC 17011 and accredits labs as per ISO/IEC 17025 for testing and
calibration scopes is eligible.
(ii) A lab will have to submit details of space available, equipments, staff (Technical and
non Technical), Accreditation and approval from various department/institutes. For this
purpose labs accredited by NABL or any other accreditation body which operates in
accordance with ISO/IEC 17011 and accredits labs as per ISO/IEC-17025 for testing
and calibration scopes is eligible.
(iii) Initial approval of lab is for one year and can be revalidated for further one year and
so on.
(iv) Every lab is audited for maintenance and calibration of equipments and employment

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 of staff prior to approval/ revalidation.
4. However, testing of material in any Govt. Lab/Public Undertaking Lab/IIT or NIT
Lab/Government Engineering College is allowed by Engineer in Charge without prior
approval of Superintending Engineer or higher officers provided these labs have all
necessary facility to carry out the required tests.

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 ANNEXURE – 26 (Refer SOP No. 5/10)
CHECK LISTS FOR VARIOUS ITEMS
PART - A
CHECK LIST FOR ITEMS OF FOUNDATION CONCRETE
Name of work: ………………………………
Name of contractor ………………………
Agreement no. …………………………….
1. Date of inspection
2. Location
3. Material used for concrete whether tested
(a) Sand Yes/No
(b) Coarse aggregate Yes/No
(c) Water Yes/No
(d) Admixture, if any Yes/No
4. Raft top level, whether provided as per details Yes/No
5. Architectural/structural drawing correlated Yes/No
6. Whether location of construction joint has been discussed with Executive Engineer, and he
has approved it? Yes/No
7. Cleaning over water proofing surface and construction joint done ? Yes/No
8. CC cover blocks of 60 mm, thickness provided (min 2 in one square metre area)?
Yes/No
9. Reinforcement placement as per relevant structural drawing checked? Yes/No
10. Layout of columns as per relevant structural drawing checked? Yes/No
11. Placement of shuttering plates and key board for proper construction joint with
shuttering oil? Yes/No
12. Cement slurry applied on construction joint before pouring of concrete Yes/No
13. Trained mason available Yes/No
14. Concreting to start from farthest point to nearest point with respect of weight batching
plant? Yes/No
15. Concrete mix has been designed Yes/No
16. Plasticiser being used? Yes/No
17. Adequate number of concrete vibrators in working condition available ? Yes/No
18. Slump checked Yes/No
19. Sample cubes taken Yes/No

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20. Signature of JE …………… Signature of AE …………. Signature of EE……………

PART — B
CHECK LIST FOR COLUMNS/BEAMS/SLABS
1. Date of inspection
2. Drawing no.
3. Location
4. Whether materials used conform to relevant Specifications?
(a) Sand Yes/No
(b) Coarse aggregate Yes/No
(c) Water Yes/No
(d) Admixture, if any Yes/No/
5. Whether structural drawings correlated with architectural drawings? Yes/No
6. Whether the centre line of column/beams checked with reference to grid lines as per
architectural drawings? Yes/No
7. Whether treatment of expansion joint, wherever required, is done? Yes/No
8. Whether cleaning, repairing and approval of shuttering plate, application of
shuttering oil is done? Yes/No
9. Whether shuttering is in true plumb and vertical and properly done and quality
maintained during concreting? Yes/No
10. Whether reinforcement detailing, their placement are as per structural drawings?
Yes/No
11. Whether proper gauge binding wire is used and with full cross binding and tightening
of reinforcement bars with stirrups? Yes/No
12. Whether required minimum cover to reinforcement is maintained? Yes/No
13. Whether stainless steel cramps, angle irons for holding stones and any holding
arrangement for Electrical /mechanical/fire fighting/other services have been seen and
approved by JE (E)/AE(E) Yes/No
14. Whether conduits for various electrical/mechanical/fire fighting/other services have been
seen and approved by JE(E)/AE(E)? Yes/No
15. Whether concrete of approved design mix within maximum permissible water-cement
ratio is used? Yes/No
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16. Whether admixture of good brand quality approved by Engineer-in- charge is used?
Yes/No
17. Whether technical supervision at batching plant/mixer and at point of concreting done?
Yes/No
18. Whether concreting is placed within initial setting time of mixing? Yes/No
19. Whether proper compaction with vibrator is done? Yes/No
20. Whether the concreting has been done in a lift not exceeding 1.5 m? Yes/No
21. Whether cubes as per requirement filled for testing? Yes/No
22. Signature of Junior Engineer ………………………….
23. Signature of Assistant Engineer ………………………
24. Signature of Executive Engineer ………………………
Post-concreting:
25. Whether shuttering stripped off as per specification, and laitance removed immediately
thereafter? Yes/No
26. Whether proper arrangement of curing and curing period maintained as per specifications?
Yes/No
27. Whether hacking of RCC surface by proper hacking tool for subsequent
plastering/finishing is carried out ? Yes/No
28. Signature of Junior Engineer …………………………..
29. Signature of Assistant Engineer ……………………….
30. Signature of Executive Engineer ………………………

PART - C
CHECK LIST FOR BRICK WORK
1. Date of inspection
2. Drawing no.
3. Location
4. Whether materials used conform to relevant Specifications and whether mandatory tests
done?
(a) Sand Yes/No
(b) Bricks Yes/No
(c) Water Yes/No
5. Whether structural drawings co-related with architectural drawings? Yes/No
6. Whether the centre line of brickwork checked with reference to grid lines as per

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 architectural drawings? Yes/No
7. Whether bricks soaked in water before use for sufficient period? Yes/No
8. Whether queen closers are used at junction of walls? Yes/No
9. Whether brickwork is in true plumb and vertical and all layers truly horizontal?
Yes/No
10. Whether graduated wooden straight edge storey rod being used for keeping height of
brick courses uniform? Yes/No
11. Whether wall height being constructed in a day is being restricted to 1 m height?
Yes/No
12. Whether parts of wall left at different levels are raked back at an angle of 45 degrees
or less with the horizontal? (Toothing is not to be permitted) Yes/No
13. Whether top courses of all plinths, parapets, steps and top of walls below floor
and roof slabs laid with brick on edge? Whether marucona provided at corners
in such brickwork? Yes/No
14. Whether thickness of joints in brickwork is kept 1 cm ± 20%? Yes/No
15. Whether mortar of approved mix within maximum permissible water cement ratio
is used? Yes/No
16. Whether all horizontal and vertical joints are being filled? Yes/No
17. Whether proper arrangement of curing and curing period maintained as per specification?
Yes/No
18. Whether date of work done written? Yes/No
19. Signature of Junior Engineer ……………………..
20. Signature of Assistant Engineer ………………….
21. Signature of Executive Engineer ………………….
PART - D
CHECK LIST FOR BRICK WORK
1. Date of inspection
2. Drawing no.
3. Location
4. Whether materials used conform to relevant specifications and whether mandatory tests
done? Yes/No
5. Whether surface cleaned of all loose mortar and efflorescence? Yes/No
6. Whether all conduiting and electrical piping done? Yes/No
7. Whether all doors, windows etc. fixed? Yes/No
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8. Whether all defects of brickwork/CC/RCC rectified? Yes/No
9. Whether preparation of surface done? Yes/No
10. Whether 2.5 m long aluminum straight edge and plumb bob being used to check
verticality and evenness of surface? Yes/No
11. Whether 15 cm x 15 cm bunda at every 2 m horizontally and vertically being provided to
seve as gauges? Yes/No
12. Whether uniform groove provided at junctions of all plaster and ceiling plaster? Yes/No
13. Whether mortar of approved mix within maximum permissible water cement ratio is used?
Yes/No
14. Whether proper arrangement of curing and curing period maintained as per specifications?
Yes/No
15. Whether date of work done written? Yes/No
16. Signature of Junior Engineer ……… 17. Signature of Assistant Engineer
………………….
18. Signature of Executive Engineer ………………….

PART - E
CHECK LIST FOR WATER SUPPLY LINES
1. Date of inspection
2. Drawing no.
3. Location
4. Whether materials used conform to relevant Specifications and whether mandatory tests
done? Yes/No
5. Whether plumber employed is licensed plumber or not? Yes/No
6. Whether plan for piping system has been prepared and got approved? Yes/No
7. Whether all pipes and fittings are ISI marked? Yes/No
8. Whether a sample system has been prepared and got approved? Yes/No
9. Whether clamps provided at specified spacing? Yes/No
10. Whether pipe lines checked at required pressure before covering? Yes/No
11. Whether weight of flushing pipe checked? Yes/No
12. Whether flushing cistern is ISI marked and internally painted with bitumastic paint?
Yes/No
13. Whether fittings like wash basin, sink pan, cistern, bib cock, stop cock, wheel valves, etc.
are ISI marked? Yes/No
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14. Whether PVC water storage tank is ISI marked? If not, whether sample sent for testing?
Yes/No
15. Signature of Junior Engineer ………………………………
16. Signature of Assistant Engineer ………………………

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 ANNEXURE -27
(Refer SOP No. 5/10)
RESPONSIBILITY FOR QUALITY
1. Civil Work
Item of work Works Costing
Above Rs. 50 Upto Rs.
lakhs 50 lakhs
A. Materials
(a) Sand, stone, metal & chips, bricks, ordinary glass
panes JE & AE JE
(b) Timber, paints, polish, door, shutters, windows, door/ JE & AE JE
window fittings, sanitary and water specials, glass panes
(c) Marble, granite, kota stone and similar stone work items
(d) Cement and steel AE & EE JE & AE

(e) Bitumen, bitumen emulsion, mastic AE & EE JE & AE

B. Items of work JE & AE
(a) Foundation upto plinth AE & EE
(b) Brick masonry/stone masonry
AE & EE JE & AE
(c) Centering and shuttering excluding sunshades/ shelves
JE & AE JE
(d) Reinforcement and RCC AE & EE JE & AE
(e) Structural steel work
(f) Steel work AE & EE JE & AE
(g) Aluminum work AE & EE AE
AE JE & AE
(h) Wood work/wood substitutes
AE & EE JE & AE
(i) Flooring - CC, mosaic glazed/ceramic tiles
AE & EE JE & AE
(j) Flooring & cladding - marble, granite, kota,sand stone
etc. AE & EE JE & AE
AE & EE AE
(k) Plastering, painting & polishing
(l) Joints in pipes i/c testing, slopes in flooring i/c JE & AE JE
verandah, balcony, toilets, terrace
AE & EE JE & AE
(m) Bitumen painting of roofs
(n) Water proofing treatment JE & AE JE
AE JE & AE
(o) Fittings of doors/windows
AE JE & AE
(p) False ceiling work
AE & EE AE
(q) (i) Storage tanks
AE & EE JE & AE
(ii) Sluice valves, fire hydrants
AE JE & AE
(iii) CI/Hume pipes & specials and their lead- AE & EE JE & AE
caulked joints

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 (r) (i) Manholes i/c covers & frames JE & AE JE
(ii) CI Inspection bends & chambers JE & AE JE
(s) General quality of work with particular reference to lines
EE & SE AE & EE
& levels/adherence to drawings and specifications &
functionality
(t) Road works
JE & AE JE & AE
(i) Preparation of sub grade
JE & AE JE & AE
(ii) Sub base/base course
AE & EE JE & EE
(iii) Wearing course To be
C. Other important material/items decided by
tender
accepting
authority
2. E& M Works

Item of work Works costing

Above Rs. 20 Upto Rs.
lakhs 20 lakhs
A. Materials
(a) Conduit wires, switches, accessories internal wiring, JE & AE JE
MCB's, MCB DB's
(b) Finished goods of Internal EI i.e. fans, electrical fittings,
exhaust fans, call bells etc. AE & EE JE & AE
(c) L T / HT cables
AE & EE JE & AE
(d) S/STN equipments, L T Panel/HT Panel Elect. main
boards, DG Sets, Bus trunking, rising mains JE & AE
AE & EE
(e) All the major equipment concerning wet riser/ sprinkler
system, fire detection system etc. like pumps, DG Sets, AE & EE JE & AE
pipes, valves, hoses, cabinets, panels, sprinklers,
detectors, detecting panels, manual call boxes, PA
system equipments etc.
(f) Air conditioning equipments like chilling units, AE & EE
cooling towers, Pump AHU's, duct insulation, GI JE & AE
sheets, pipes, control instrument etc.
(g) Major equipments of other special services like AE & EE JE & AE
CCTV, BMS, EPABX, computer networking etc.
B. Items of Works
(a) Internal EI work i/c UG cabling etc. JE & AE JE
(b) Sub Station work JE & AE JE
(c) Fire fighting, fire detection work JE & AE JE
(d) A/C works & other specialized Services JE & AE JE
To be decided
C. Other important materials/items by tender
accepting
authority

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 3. Horticulture Works
Works Costing
Item of work
Above Rs. 5 lakhs Upto Rs. 5 lakhs
A. Materials
(a) Supply of Plants
SO/ADH & DDH SO/ADH
(b) Supply of T&P
(c) Supply of Cut Flower SO/ADH & DDH SO/ADH
(d) Supply of various materials
required for day to day use. SO/ADH & DDH SO/ADH
(e) Supply of Earth & Manure
SO/ADH SO/ADH
(f) Supply of Earthern/Cement pot
SO/ADH & DDH SO/ADH
B. Excavation works
SO/ADH SO/ADH
(a) Trenching
(b) Excavation SO/ADH SO/ADH
(c) Filling of earth in excavated area SO/ADH & DDH SO/ADH
(d) Grassing, fine dressing, spreading etc. SO/ADH & DDH SO/ADH
(e) fabricating of Tree Guards SO/ADH & DDH SO/ADH
SO/ADH & DDH SO/ADH
(f) Digging of Holes
C. Maintenance Works SO/ADH & DDH SO/ADH & DDH
(a) Renovation of Lawn
(b) Complete maintenance of garden
SO/ADH & DDH SO/ADH
feature.
(c) Maintenance of Potted SO/ADH & DDH SO/ADH
plants/cut flowers SO/ADH SO/ADH
arrangement.
(d) General quality of works & DDH/DOH SO/ADH
specification and functionally as To be decided by
well as adherence to landscape plan. tender accepting
D. Other important Material and items not covered authority
above

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 ANNEXURE - 28
(Refer SOP No. 5/14)
SAMPLE FORM FOR SITE ORDERS BOOK

Name of work ........................... Date of commencement/period for completion

..............................

Sl. Remarks of the Inspecting Officer or Action taken by Whom Remarks

No. Contractor
1 2 3 4

ANNEXURE - 29
(Refer SOP No. 5/14)
SAMPLE FORM OF INSPECTION REGISTER
Name of work: ………………………………………………

Sl. Date and Officer's Items Signature Defects taken to Site Order Final
No. time Name and inspected and Book/ letter written action/
Designation specific Site Order Dat Sign. of result
defects Book page e AE / EE
noticed & no.
action to be /letter no.
taken
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9

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 ANNEXURE - 30
(Refer SOP No. 3/14)
SAMPLE FORM OF CEMENT REGISTER

Date of receipt Quantity Progres- sive Date of issue Quantity issued Items of work Quantity returned at Total issue Daily balance Contr- actor’s JE’s Remarksof AE/EE
received total for which theend oftheday at hand initial at periodical checks
initial
issued

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12

ANNEXURE - 48
(Refer SOP No. 7/1)

STATEMENT SHOWING THE QUARTERLY PROGRESS OF ORIGINAL WORKS

FOR THE QUARTER ENDING……………..

Civil Works costing Rs. Five crore and above.

Electrical Works costing Rs. 100 lakhs and
above. Horticulture Works costing Rs. 10 lakhs
and above. Remark

Sl. Name of Est. cost Tender % above/ Agree Agency Date of Date Physical Name
no. work & in lakhs cost in below ment Comme- of progress of
location Rs. lakhs Rs. Schedule no. ncement comp- of work Engin
Remarks

of Rates letion eer- in

applicable charge

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12

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 ANNEXURE - 49
(Refer SOP No. 7/1)

STATEMENT SHOWING THE QUARTERLY PROGRESS OF SUPPLY/PURCHASE

CONTRACTS FOR THE QUARTER ENDING……………..

Sl. no. Name of Contract no. Brief Value of the Mode Sched- Present Re
the details of contract of uled status ma
organization the ten- deliver rks
with location materials dering y
required period
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9

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 ANNEXURE – 50 (Refer SOP No. 7/1)

LIST OF DOCUMENTS CONSIDERED ESSENTIAL FOR INSPECTIONS BY CTE

AND WHICH MAY BE CALLED FOR EXAMINATION OF A WORK
(1). (a) Press Cuttings, including extended dates, if any
(i) For pre-qualification of architects/consultants.
(ii) For pre-qualifications of contractors.
(iii) Call of tenders.
(b) Register of sale of tenders,
(c) Register of opening of tender.
(2) File giving reference to financial sanction and approval of competent administrative authority -
Preliminary estimate.
(3) Copy of detailed estimate and its technical sanction by competent authority.
(4) Approved N.I.T. (Notice Inviting Tenders) in Original.
(5) Rejected tenders and comparative statements for :
(a) Selection of architects/consultants.
(b) Short-listing or pre-qualification of tenders. (c) Other Tenders.
(6) Justification statement and corresponding notings in support of tenders/offers accepted.
(7) Details of negotiations, if any, made before acceptance of tenders.
(8) Original contracts with consultant/contractor.
(9) Guarantee Bonds etc. towards security for work, machinery/mobilisation advance etc. including
extension of validity.
(10) Insurance policies for work, materials, equipment, men etc. including extension of validity.
(11) Guarantees for water tightness, termite proofing etc.
(12) Standard specifications.
(13) Standard Schedule of Rates.
(14) Drawings - architectural and structural.
(15) All connected Measurement Books, Level Books, field books and lead chart.
(16) All Running Account Bills with all connected statements/vouchers etc.
(17) Statement showing details of check of measurements by superior officers - copies of orders laying
down such requirements.
(18) Materials at site accounts/dismantled materials record.
(19) Site Order Books/Texts records/Log Books.
(20) Details of extra/substituted items and of deviated quantities being executed/ considered for execution
in the work along with analysis of rates.
(21) Office correspondence files and inspection notes, if any, issued by inspecting officers.
(22) Complaint records, if any.
(23) Any other documents relevant to the works.
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 ANNEXURE - 51
(Refer SOP No. 7/1)

REGISTER OF OBSERVATION MEMOS RECEIVED FROM THE CHIEF

TECHNICAL EXAMINER

Sl. No. & date of Name of Name of Remarks regarding subsequent

No. Observation work contractor Agreement
Memo
1 2 3 4 5

ANNEXURE - 52
(Refer SOP No. 7/1)

REGISTER SHOWING OVER PAYMENT ASSESSED/POINTED OUT BY C.T.E.

ORGANISATION AND SUBSEQUENT RECOVERIES EFFECTED

Amount of overpayment Amount of over payment Actual date of

Sl. Reference no. and Name of work Remarks
Name of contractor assessed/ pointed out finally accepted recovery of over-
no. date andagreementno.
by CTE by EE for recovery payment
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8

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 ANNEXURE - 53 (Refer SOP No. 7/2)
LIST OF EQUIPMENT FOR FIELD TESTING LABORATORY
A. For Building Work
1. Balances
(i) 7 kg. to 10 kg. capacity, semi-self indicating type - accuracy 10 gm.
(ii) 500 gm. capacity, semi-self indicating type - accuracy 1 gm.
(iii) Pan balance- 5 kg. capacity - accuracy 10 gms.
2. Ovens-electrically operated, thermostatically controlled upto 110°C - sensitivity 1°C.
3. Sieves: as per IS 460-1962.
(i) I.S. sieves - 450mm internal dia, of sizes 100 mm, 80 mm, 63mm, 50 mm, 40 mm, 25mm,
20 mm,
12.5 mm, 10 mm, 6.3 mm, 4.75mm, complete with lid and pan.
(ii) I.S. sieves- 200mm internal dia (brass frame) consisting of 2.36mm, 1.18mm, 600 microns,
425
microns, 300 microns, 212 microns, 150 microns, 90 microns, 75 microns, with lid and pan.
4. Sieve shaker capable of 200 mm and 300 mm dia sieves, manually operated with timing switch
assembly.
5. Equipment for slump test- Slump cone, steel plate, tamping rod, steel scale, scoop.
6. Dial gauges, 25 mm travel - 0.01 mm/division least count - 2nos.
7. 100 tonnes compression testing machine, electrical-cum manually operated.
8. Graduated measuring cylinders 200 ml capacity - 3 Nos.
9. Enamel trays (for efflorescence test for bricks).
(i) 300 mm × 250 mm × 40 mm- 2 nos.
(ii) Circular plates of 250 mm dia - 4 nos.
B. For Road Works
1. Balances
(i) 7 kg to 10 kg capacity, semi-self indicating type - accuracy 10 gm.
(ii) 500 gm capacity, semi-self indicating type, accuracy 1 gm.
(iii) Chemical balance, 100 gm capacity - accuracy- 0.1 gm.
(iv) Pan balance - 5 kg. capacity - 10 gm accuracy.
(iv) Platform scale- 300 kg capacity.
2. Oven electrically operated, thermostatically controlled.
(i) Upto 200°C for determination of loss on heating of bitumen.

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3. Sieves as per IS 460-1962.
(i) I.S. sieves - 450 mm of internal dia of sizes 100 mm, 80mm, 63mm, 50mm, 40mm,25mm,
20mm, 12.5mm, 10mm, 6.3mm, 1.75mm, complete with lid and pan.
ii) I.S. sieves - 200 mm internal dia (brass frame) consisting of 2.36mm, 1.18mm, 60 microns, 425
microns, 300 microns, 212 microns, 150 microns, 90 microns and 75 microns with lid and pan.
4. Sieves shaker capable for shaking 200mm and 300mm dia sieves, electrically operated with
timer.
5. Dial gauge (i) 25mm travel - 0.01mm/division.
6. Load frame-5 tonnes capacity, electrically operated with speed control.
7. Aggregate impact test apparatus as per IS 2386-Part IV-1963.
8. Compaction apparatus (Proctor) as per IS 2720-Part VII-1974.
9. Modified ASHO compaction apparatus as per IS 2720-Part-III-1974.
10. Sand pouring cylinder with control funnel and tube complete as per IS 2720-Part XXVIII-1974.
11. Sampling tins with rods 100mm dia × 50mm ht., 1/2kg capacity, and miscellaneous items like
moisture tins etc.
12. Constant temperature bath for accommodating bitumen test specimen, electrically operated and
thermostatically controlled.
13. Penetrometer with automatic time controller and with adjustable weight accessories and needles
as per IS 1203-1958.
14. Oxhlet extraction apparatus complete with extraction thimbles etc.
15. Laboratory mixer, about 0.02 cu-meter capacity, electrically operated with heating jacket.
16. Hubbard field stability test apparatus complete.
17. Marshall compaction apparatus as per ASTM 1559-62T, and complete with electrically
operated leading unit, compaction pedestal bearing head assembly, dial micrometer, and bracket for
flow measurement, load transfer bar, specimen mould (4 inch. dia) with base plate, columns, mould
(4 inch, dia) with base plate, collars, specimen extracted. Compaction hammer, 4.53 kg (10lb)/457
mm (18inch) fall.
18. Distant reading thermometers.
19. Graduated cylinder 1000 ml. capacity.
20. Enamel tray

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 ANNEXURE - 53 A (Refer SOP No. 7/2)
FIELD TESTING NSTRUMENTS

1. Steel tapes - 3 m
2. Vernier calipers
3. Micrometer screw 25 mm gauge
4. A good quality plumb bob
5. Spirit level, minimum 30 cms long with 3 bubbles for horizontal vertical
6. Wire gauge (circular type) disc
7. Foot rule
8. Long nylon thread
9. Rebound hammer for testing concrete
10. Dynamic penetrometer
11. Magnifying glass
12. Screw driver 30 cms long
13. Ball pin hammer, 100 gms
14. Plastic bags for taking samples
15. Moisture meter for timber
16. Earth resistance tests (for Electrical Divisions)
17. Meggar (for Electrical Divisions)
ANNEXURE - 54 (Refer SOP No. 7/2)
PROFORMA FOR MANDATORY TESTS TO BE ATTACHED WITH RUNNING
BILLS

Name of the work: ……………………………….Name of Contractor .......................................

Agreement no. and date ………………………… R/A Bill No.….………………….

Sl.no. Item Quantities as Frequency No. of tests Upto date No. of No. of Rema
per agreement required quantity tests tests rks
as per specifi- required actually
cation done

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9

Note: If the number is less than that required, then reasons shall be recorded.

Signature of Junior Engineer Signature of Assistant Engineer

Signature of Executive Engineer

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 ANNEXURE - 55
(Refer SOP No. 7/2)
PROFORMA FOR QUALITY CONTROL INSPECTION BY CIRCLE OFFICE QA TEAM
PART - I
1. General
1.1 Name of work.
1.2 Division and Sub-Division.
1.3 Inspecting officer.
1.4 Assisted by.
1.5 Date of present inspection.
1.6 Reference to memos of previous Inspection.
2. Particulars of work
2.1 Estimated cost put to tender.
2.2 Tendered amount.
2.3 Agreement no.
2.4 Name of contractor.
2.5 Registration class of contractor.
2.6 Date of start of work.
2.7 Due date of completion.
2.8. % age progress of work at the time of inspection
3. Routine Quality Control
3.1 Quality control aids.
3.1.1 Is field staff equipped with:
(a) Copy of agreement with relevant specifications (detailed as well as special).
(b) Copy of preliminary estimate, detailed estimate and measurements.
(c) Upto date architectural as well as structural drawings.
(d) Testing facilities with the help of necessary field instruments/equipments (List of
equipments
available at site including level, theodolite, etc. may be given).
4. Observations on compliance of Quality Control system after intensive inspection under
following sub- heads:
4.1 Earthwork.
4.2 Concrete work.
4.3 R.C.C. work.
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 4.4 Brick work.
4.5 Stone work.
4.6 Steel work.
4.7 Flooring (including marble work, if any).
4.8 Roofing.
4.9 Finishing.
4.10 Miscellaneous.
4.11 Services, etc.
5. Quality and Testing of materials/Products
5.1 Comment on:
5.1.1 Testing facilities available with the Department at site.
5.1.2 Testing facilities arranged with other Department/institution.
5.1.3 Testing facilities further required to be arranged.
5.2 Testing
5.2.1 Are all mandatory tests being carried out at the frequency mentioned in CPWD
Specifications?
5.2.2 No. of tests failed and approximate quantity rejected.
5.2.3 General observations on tests, viz. erratic results, consistently low or high results etc.
5.2.4 Follow up action taken on unsatisfactory results, with lapses in prompt follow up
action.
5.2.5 Samples tested by Assistant Engineer (P) and their results (Samples should invariably
be taken where material/product at site does not appear to conform to the latest test results.
5.3 Is material/product of make borne on approved list of Department/ISI?
5.3.1 Are tests carried out on materials/products (covered under 5.3) found satisfactory?
6. Comments on adequacy of resources employed by the contractor at site for timely completion of
work.

PART - II TECHNICAL AUDIT

1. General details of work.
1.1 A/A & E/S amount for the work and corresponding provision available for this work in the
sanction.
1.2 Amount of detailed estimate.
1.3 Item rate/percentage rate/lump sum tender.
1.4 No. of tenders received and tendered amount (call of tender).
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 1.5 Authority accepting the tender.
1.6 Is the detailed estimate technically sanctioned on the basis of complete set of architectural
and structural drawings?
2. Deviation from plan/drawings.
2.1 Deviations, if any.
2.2 Reasons for deviation, financial implication and sanction of competent authority.
3. Deviation in quantities of items.
3.1 Reasons for deviations.
3.2 Sanction of competent authority for the deviation.
4. Extra and substituted items.
4.1 Amount of items sanctioned so far.
4.2 Sanction of competent authority.
4.3 Any minus extra item paid? Detail the reasons.
5. Issue of materials.
5.1 The theoretical consumption commensurate with the work executed and quantity lying
at site.
5.2 Check recovery memo from the last running bill/final bill and short recovery made, if
any.
5.3 Any material not stipulated issued?
5.3.1 Sanction/approval of competent authority for such issue.
5.3.2 Approval of rate under three rate formula.
6. Payment to contractor.
6.1 Amount of last bill paid to the contractor.
6.2 Normal frequency of payment.
6.3 Test check of measurements by Assistant Engineer/Executive Engineer.
6.4 Part rates paid/justification for the same.
6.5 Advances to contractor.
6.5.1 Checking up of secured advance, if any, with reference to materials lying at site.
6.5.2 Reasonableness of advance for un measured work.
6.5.3 Hypothecation of documents and safe custody of materials for which advances have
been given

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 PART - III PROGRESS MONITORING
1. System adopted at site for monitoring progress.
2. Percentages progress achieved vis-a-vis time given for completion.
2.1 Steps taken to accelerate progress when shortfall is noticed.
3. Any extension of time required?
4. Co-ordination amongst various agencies involved in execution of work.
5. Constraints noticed in smooth progress of work and directions if any, received from Executive
Engineer/ Superintending Engineer/Chief Engineer to overcome them.

PART - IV RECOMMENDATION
1. Give specific recommendations for immediate attention of Superintending Engineer on:
1.1 Improving quality control on specific items.
1.2 Comments on items lagging behind for want of drawings, materials, decision etc.
To,
SE
[Assistant Engineer (QA)]

PART - V
DIRECTION OF SE ON THE REPORT
1. EE to improve quality of following items.
2. EE to issue notice to contractor for rectification of following defects at ...........
3. EE to improve slow progress.
4. Directions, if any, for solving deadlocks/problems at site.
5. Further follow up action by AE(QA) on next inspection.
To
AE (QA)
[Superintending Engineer]

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 Annexure - VI Quarterly Statement Of Works

Sl. Name Est. Tende %age Agree Age Date of Stipulated Physical Name of Rema
No of cost r cost above / - ment ncy commen date of progress Engineer rks
. work (in (in below No. - cement completio of work incharge
lakhs) lakhs) estimat n with add-
Rs. Rs. - ed ress
cost
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12

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 ANNEXURE - 56
(Refer SOP No. 7/2)
PROFORMA FOR PREPARING OBSERVATIONS BY CORE WING/REGIONAL QA
UNITS
1.0 Particulars of work
1.1 (a) Name of work:
(b) Description/scope of work:
1.2 (a) Sub-Division and name of Assistant Engineer:
(b) Division and name of Executive Engineer:
(c) Circle and name of Superintending Engineer:
(d) Zone and name of Chief Engineer:
1.3 Agency/contractor:
(a) Name:
(b) Registration class:
1.4 Agreement no:
1.5 Stipulated date of start:
1.6 Stipulated time and date of completion:
1.7 (a) Estimated cost put to tender:
(b) Schedule of rates applicable:
1.8 Accepted tendered cost with overall percentage:
1.9 Percentage progress at the time of inspection vis-a-vis expected as per contract and reasons for
delay, if any:
1.10 Inspecting officer:
(Name & Designation)
1.11 Officers and contractor present during inspection:-
(Name & Designation)
1.12 Date of inspection and number:
2.0 Quality Control aids:
2.1 Is site equipped with:
(a) Copy of agreement:
(b) CPWD Specifications/along with (upto date) correction slips:
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 (c) List of ISI marked/approved materials to be used:
(d) Guard File containing Inspection Reports of CTE/QCTA/AE(QC)/CE/SE etc.
(e) Testing facilities to check conformance to acceptance criteria:
(f) QACW Circulars on Quality Control.
2.2 Is field laboratory existing and well equipped?
3.0 Departmental procedure aspects:
3.1 Maintenance of Inspection Register
3.2 Highlights of inspections by CE, SE, AE(P) requiring compliance
3.3 Are Test Registers maintained in standard forms?
3.4 Are Test Registers reviewed by EE/SE with dates?
3.5 Cement Register:
(a) Is Cement store checked by AE/EE periodically as stipulated?
(b) Comment on cement stock with reference to Cement Register:
3.6 Site Order Book and Schedule of defects:
(a) Is Site Order Book properly maintained?
(b) Is the Site Order Book reviewed by EE and SE?
(Mention details)
(c) Have timely notices been issued to the contractor with the Schedule of defects/ damages and
date of compliance? In case of failure to rectify defects/damages whether action under clause 14/17
initiated?
4.0 Process control aspects:
4.1 Is soil investigation done? (give brief details)
4.2 Suitability of water for construction:
(a) What is the source of water?
(b) Has water been tested and approved by Engineer-in-charge before construction?
(c) Has water been tested subsequently (i.e. after every 3 months) and found fit for use in
works?
4.3 Are 10% (25% for concrete) of all samples for testing taken in presence of EE
4.4 Are all mandatory tests carried out at stipulated frequency?
4.5 Are materials approved by Engineer-in-charge?
If so, are samples available at site?
4.6 Are sample units/items completed and approved by EE before start of mass finishing work?
4.7 Specific control on RCC work like centering/shuttering, proportioning with boxes: mixing
by full bag capacity hopper fed mixer: control of slump: placing/compaction with vibrator:
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 4.8 Any other particular comments on adequacy of process control:
5.0 Site inspection for observations and comments on Quality Control system in place:
5.1

Sub-head of work in progress Whether in progress Whether inspected Location

(If so, tick mark) (If so, tick mark)
(a) Earth work
(b) Concrete work
(c) RCC work
(d) Brick work
(e) Stone work
(f) Marble work
(g) Wood work
(h) Steel work
(i) Flooring
(j) Roofing
(k) Finishing
(l) Internal Services

5.2 Observations on floor slope (especially in Bath, WC, Kitchen, Terrace, Balcony etc.)
5.3 Observations on QC for dampness/leakages prevention.
If dampness/leakage noticed, then state locations and probable reasons.
5.4 Samples collected by QC Core/Cell
6.0 Observations on site material QC aspects.
(Keeping in view the requirements of contract specifications: BIS marked/CPWD approved
products etc.)
(Attach separate sheet, if required)
7.0 Observations on workmanship QC aspects. (Attach separate sheet, if required).
8.0 Test audit of RA bill:
(Indicate RA bill no., gross amount, Vr. no. and date)
8.1 Deviation in Quantities
(a) Whether deviation in quantities noticed?
(b) If so, the reason there of and whether prior approval of competent authority has been obtained
before allowing deviations?
(c) Whether revised T/S is required due to these deviation? If yes, the action taken.
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 8.2 Items not conforming to specifications:
(a) Whether notice was issued as specified in contract?
(b) Whether approval in principle was obtained from competent authority before acceptance of
sub- standard work?
8.3 Extra/substituted items
(a) Are justification of item in remark column of EI/SI proper?
(b) Whether prior approval of competent authority for execution of EI/SI has been obtained before
execution?
(c) Whether sanction of competent authority issued?
8.4 Part Rates - whether rates held back are adequate?
8.5 Comments on secured advance paid with reference to materials lying at site.
8.6 Test Check by AE/EE
(a) Critical item:
(b) Hidden items:
(c) Extent (whether satisfactory?)
8.7 Any other observation?
[The observation made about quality of material and workmanship relate to only what could
be randomly seen at locations specified. Executive Engineer and supervisory staff shall
thoroughly inspect the entire work for such defects as observed as well as for other defects
and take suitable remedial measures properly. The Executive Engineer shall be responsible for
accepting any defective work that went unnoticed but pointed out during such inspection.]
8.8 Progress of Work and Programme Chart
(a) Whether progress of work is as per stipulated milestone/approved revised milestone? If no
action taken by EE.
(b) Whether contractor has submitted the programme to complete various activities of work
within stipulated date of completion as per contract condition duly accepted by EE?
(c) Whether monthly progress report submitted by contactor as per programme submitted has
been certified by JE/AE and reviewed by EE/SE?
(d) Any notice under clause 3 (a), (b) or (c) for inordinate delays has been issued or not. If yes,
the action taken by EE

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 3.0 Provisions in CPWD Green Rating Manual

Criterion 2: Quality and Safety

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 Total Marks: 12
Synopsis: Safety and quality are supplementary to each other in construction works and part of
sustainability. Safety and quality plans are essential to be prepared before commencement of
works so that execution is carried out with safety and quality from day one. Availability of
structural designs is also essential before award of work so that they are adequately correlated
with architectural drawings and green concept is implementable from architectural and
structural considerations.
Compliance Procedure and Award of Marks:
Criterion no. 2.1: Quality Assurance
Maximum Marks: 4
1. (a) Quality assurance plans available before commencement of work: 2 points
(b) Available after commencement of work: 1 point
(c) Quality assurance plan not prepared: Nil
2. (a) 100% execution/implementation of quality assurance plan as prepared in 1 (a) above: 2
points.
(b)Part implementation or no implementation of quality assurance plan: Nil
Criterion no. 2.2: Safety Assurance
Maximum Marks: 4
1. (a)Safety assurance plan available before commencement of work: 2 points
(b) Available or made available after commencement of work: 1 point
(c) Safety assurance plan not prepared: Nil
2. (a) Implementation of safety plan as per the policy of the Department: 2 points
(b) Part implementation of safety plan or not being implemented: Nil
Criterion no. 2.3: Structural Drawings for Structural Safety Assurance
Maximum Marks: 4
3. (a) All structural designs and drawings available before commencement of work in EPC
contracts and before award of work in other contracts: 4 points
(b) Partly available but available before commencement of activities but no hindrance
leading to delay in completion of work: 2
(b) Hindrance due to structural drawings leading to delay in completion of work: Nil

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4.0 Provisions in Rules for Enlistment
of Contractors in CPWD - 2019

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Rule 19.2
It shall be mandatory for the contractor to submit the perfor mance report (PR) of each work
executed by him in the approved format duly filled with all the required details to respective
Executive Engineer within 3 months of completion of work under intimation to enlisting authority
as laid out in the preceding para. However, there shall be no bar for Departmental officers to take
cognizance of bad performance of the contractor where he deliberately avoids submission of
PR.
If the quality of work assessed in annexure-VII is not satisfactory during currency of the validity
of enlistment, then a show cause notice shall be issued to the contractor by the Enlistment
Authority as to why his name should not be deleted from the approved list of the contractors &
the decision taken by the Enlistment Authority on the recommendations of
Empowered Committee considering explanation of the contractor, if any, regarding suspension
of contractor for participating in CPWD tenders, shall be final and binding.
20.0 Inspection Reports
The agency shall provide all the necessary documents of work executed by him to the inspecting
authority after receipt of intimation for inspection of work from department and shall accompany
and facilitate the team of CPWD officers for inspection of work. Apart from completed works,
the ongoing works will also be inspected by team of CPWD Officers. Necessary Inspection
Report will be issued by Inspecting team in Annexure-IV- A/Annexure-VII. The grading of
Quality and Capability of contractor in the Annexure-X will be based on the said Inspection
reports of the ongoing works/completed works.

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 Annexure-IV-A (Refer Rule 10)
Assessment of Quality for Fresh Enlistment
Date of receipt of reference from Enlistment Authority:-
Date of Inspection:-
Date of submission of report:-
A. General Observation & Operational Aspects Yes/ No Remarks
1. Availability of approval from local bodies in case of Construction of
Private Buildings.
2. Availability of approved Structural drawings
3. Observation on seepage/ leakage in the Building
4. Whether Line & level Maintained
5. In case of basement, observation on seepage, if any.
6. Any Structural defects / distress observed. If yes give details
7. Whether safety measures adopted at site as per CPWD Safety Code and or
govt. guidelines are adequate or not .
8. Whether the Welfare facilities provided to labour as per Clause 19 H of
GCC for CPWD Works/and or govt. guidelines are adequate or not .
9. Whether AHU getting automatically switched off and fire damps closed
in case of fire signal
10. Whether thimbles used for termination of wires in DBs, EBDs &
Panels?
B. Quality of Work (Maximum marks in each attribute=10) Marks Assessed
1. Quality of plaster/ finishing
2. Quality of R C C / C C Work
3. Quality of Flooring
4. Quality of Wood Work
5. Quality of Steel Work / Aluminium Work
6. Quality of Plumbing and Sanitary Installation
7. Quality of Workmanship
8. Quality of Waterproofing
9. If cladding done, observation on efficiency/ quality of cladding
/Brickwork
10. Quality of internal electrification work
11. Quality of DBs, EBDs& Panels?
12. Quality of E&M equipments, panels & feeder pillar.
13. Quality of fire alarm system/ fire fighting system
14. Quality of Air Conditioning work.
15. Quality of Sub-station based on complete live diagram, capacitor panel,
power factor, insulating Mat, cleanliness, cable termination, earthing pits,
earthing of transformer / DG sets.
16. Any Other aspect (To be elaborated )
Average Marks (To be awarded out of 100 Marks based on average of marks assessed on each attribute
mentioned at B above

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Note:-All the above parameters may be considered for assessing the overall quality of work
executed by the contractor. Relevant Documents & Photographs must be attached with the
inspection report.
In case, any attribute is not applicable, the same may not be included in assessment and mentioned
are not applicable (N/A)
PART – III
(To be filled by the department)
(Serial 1 to 7 is repeat information of Part I for proper linkage and confirmation)
1. Period
2. Name & Address of contractor
3. Class, Category and Enlistment No.
4. Name & address of enlisting authority
5. Name of Work
6. Agreement. No.
7. Name & Address of C.P.W.D. Division

11.0 Contract Performance:

S.N. Status of Contract Remark
(Yes/No/NA)
11.1 Successful Completion of Work
11.2 Determination of Contract
11.3 Part work done at the risk and cost of Contractor

12.0
A. General Observation & Operational Aspects (To be filled by Reporting Officer)
Aspects for observation Yes/ No Remar
1. Availability of approval from local bodies in case of Construction of ks

Private Buildings.
2. Availability of approved Structural drawings
3. Observation on seepage/ leakage in the Building
4. Whether Line & level Maintained
5. In case of basement, observation on seepage, if any.
6. Any Structural defects / distress observed. If yes give details
7. Whether safety measures adopted at site as per CPWD Safety Code
and or govt. guidelines are adequate or not .
8. Whether the Welfare facilities provided to labour as per Clause 19
H of GCC for CPWD Works/and or govt. guidelines are adequate or not.

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 9. Whether AHU getting automatically switched off and fire damps
closed in case of fire signal
10. Whether thimbles used for termination of wires in DBs, EBDs & Panels?

(Signature of
Reporting
Officer)Name
and Designation
B. Quality of Work (Maximum marks in each attribute=10) Marks Assessed
By By
Reporting Revie
Officer wing
Offic
1. Quality of plaster/ finishing er
2. Quality of R C C / C C Work
3. Quality of Flooring
4. Quality of Wood Work
5. Quality of Steel Work / Aluminium Work
6. Quality of Plumbing and Sanitary Installation
7. Quality of Workmanship
8. Quality of Waterproofing
9. If cladding done, observation on efficiency/ quality of cladding /Brick
10.
workQuality of internal electrification work
11. Quality of DBs, EBDs& Panels?
12. Quality of E&M equipments, panels & feeder pillar.
13. Quality of fire alarm system/ fire fighting system
14. Quality of Air Conditioning work.
15. Quality of Sub-station based on complete live diagram, capacitor panel,
power factor, insulating Mat, cleanliness, cable termination, earthing pits,
earthing
16. Any of transformer
Other / DG
aspect (To be sets.
elaborated )
Average Marks*
(*To be awarded out of 100 Marks, based on average of marks assessed on each attribute
mentioned at B above).
Note:-
1. All the above parameters may be considered for assessing the overall quality of work
executed by the contractor.
2. In case of difference in scores of quality by Reporting officer and Reviewing officer,
average of the two will be considered.
3. Average marks obtained shall be rounded off to next full marks.
In case, any attribute is not applicable, the same may not be included in assessment and
mentioned as “ Not applicable (N/A)”

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13.0 Grading on capability of contractor
13.0 Parameters Marks Assessed on a scale of 20
By Reporting By Reviewing
Officer Officer
i. Technical proficiency
ii. Financial soundness
iii. Mobilizations of adequate T&P
iv. Mobilizations of man power
v. General behavior
Total Marks

Note:-
1. In case of difference in scores on capability by Reporting officer and Reviewing
officer, average of the two will be considered.
2. Average marks obtained shall be rounded off to next full marks.

Signature of Reporting Officer

(Name and Designation)

Signature of Reviewing Officer

(Name and Designation)

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 ANNEXURE – X (Refer Rule 21)
Criteria For Evaluation Of Contractor’s Performance
For Fresh Enlistment/Up-gradation/Revalidation
Name of Contractor:
Present Class & Category in which Enlisted if any:
Details of Works assessed:

Item Param Calculation for Points Score Max.

No. eter Marks
1 Levy of Compensation levied for Delay = C 20 if B = 0
Compensa Tendered Amount = E B = 100 x (C/E) 10 if B = 5 or more
tion 12 if C is not decided.
Marks for values in between are 20
to be determined by Straight line
variation.
2 Contract I Successful Completion of (a) without litigation = 20
Performan Work or (b) with litigation = 15
ce II Part work done at the risk and =12 20
cost of Contractor or
III Determination of Contract = 0.0
3 Quality (Based on assessment in Annexure- Ongoing Works Completed
IV-A and Annexure-VII) (Max Marks.15) Works
40
(Max
Marks 25)
4 Capability (Based on assessment in Annexure- Ongoing Works Completed
VII) (Max Marks 6) Works 20
(Max
Marks 14)
Note:
I. Marks for values in between are to be determined by Straight line variation.
II. Eligibility Criteria for Revalidation of Enlistment will be minimum 60% in each
parameter and minimum 70% marks as overall average of all parameters.
III. The agency should secure minimum 70% marks as mentioned at note No. II above in
respect of each eligible work claimed for experience of works. IV. Average marks obtained shall be
rounded off to next full marks. V. Litigation includes only Court cases and Arbitration.
VI. In case of eligible works being more than 1, then average scores obtained against Sl.
No. 1 & 2, will be considered for purpose of qualification required at Sl. No. II abo ve. VII. In case of
eligible completed works at Sl. No. 3 & 4 being more than one the maximum
marks will be equal distributed among the eligible works.

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5.0 Provisions in General Conditions of Contract

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Clause 10B:Plant Machinery & Shuttering Material Advance
An advance for plant, machinery & shuttering material required for the
work and brought to site by the Contractor may be given if requested by the contractor in
writing within one month of bringing such plant and machinery to site. Such advance shall
be given on such plant and machinery which in the opinion of the Engineer-in-charge will
add to the expeditious execution of work and improve the quality of work.
Clause 11: Work to be Executed in Accordance with Specifications, Drawings,
Orders etc.
The contractor shall execute the whole and every part of the work in the most
substantial and workmanlike manner both as regards materials and otherwise in every respect
in strict accordance with the specifications. The contractor shall also conform exactly, fully
and faithfully to the design, drawings and instructions in writing in respect of the work signed
by the Engineer-in-Charge and the contractor shall be furnished free of charge one copy of the
contract documents together with specifications, designs, drawings and instructions as are not
included in the standard specifications of Central Public Works Department specified in
Schedule ‘F’ or in any Bureau of Indian Standard or any other, published standard or code
or, Schedule of Rates or any other printed publication referred to elsewhere in the contract.
Clause 16: Action in case Work not done as per Specifications
All works under or in course of execution or executed in pursuance of the
contract, shall at all times be open and accessible to the inspection and supervision of
the Engineer-in - charge, his authorized subordinates in charge of the work and all the
superior officers, officer of the Quality Assurance Unit of the Department or any organization
engaged by the Department for Quality Assurance and of the Chief Technical Examiner’s
Office, and the contractor shall, at all times, during the usual working hours and at all
other times at which reasonable notice of the visit of such officers has been given to the
contractor, either himself be present to receive orders and instructions or have a
responsible agent duly accredited in writing, present for that purpose. Orders given to the
Contractor’s agent shall be considered to have the same force as if they had been given to the
contractor himself.
If it shall appear to the Engineer-in-charge or his authorized subordinates in charge of the work
or to the Chief Engineer in charge of Quality Assurance or his subordinate officers or the
officers of the organization engaged by the Department for Quality Assurance or to the Chief
Technical Examiner or his subordinate officers, that any work has been executed with
unsound, imperfect, or unskillful workmanship, or with materials or articles provided by him
for the execution of the work which are unsound or of a quality inferior to that contracted or
otherwise not in accordance with the contract, the contractor shall, on demand in writing which
shall be made within twelve months (six months in the case of work costing Rs. 10 Lac and
below except road work) of the completion of the work from the Engineer-in-Charge

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specifying the work, materials or articles complained of notwithstanding that the same may
have been passed, certified and paid for forthwith rectify, or remove and reconstruct the work
so specified in whole or in part, as the case may require or as the case may be, remove
the materials or articles so specified and provide other proper and suitable materials or
articles at his own charge and cost. In the event of the failing to do so within a period specified
by the Engineer-in- Charge in his demand aforesaid, then the contractor shall be liable to pay
compensation at the same rate as under clause 2 of the contract (for non-completion of the
work in time) for this default.
In such case the Engineer-in-Charge may not accept the item of work at the rates applicable
under the contract but may accept such items at reduced rates as the authority specified
inschedule ‘F’ may consider reasonable during the preparation of on account bills or final bill
if the item is so acceptable without detriment to the safety and utility of the item and the
structure or he may reject the work outright without any payment and/or get it and other
connected and incidental items rectified, or removed and re-executed at the risk and cost of
the contractor. Decision of the Engineer-in-Charge to be conveyed in writing in respect of the
same will be final and binding on the contractor.

Clause 25: Settlement of Disputes & Arbitration

Except where otherwise provided in the contract, all questions and disputes relating to the
meaning of the specifications, design, drawings and instructions here-in before mentioned and
as to the quality of workmanship or materials used on the work or as to any other question,
claim, right, matter or thing whatsoever in any way arising out of or relating to the
contract, designs, drawings, specifications, estimates, instructions, orders or these conditions
or otherwise concerning the works or the execution or failure to execute the same
whether arising during the progress of the work or after the cancellation,
termination, completion or abandonment thereof shall be dealt with as mentioned hereinafter:
(i) If the contractor considers any work demanded of him to be outside the requirements of
the contract, or disputes any drawings, record or decision given in writing by the Engineer-in-
Charge or if the Engineer in Charge considers any act or decision of the contractor on any
matter in connection with or arising out of the contract or carrying out of the work, to be
unacceptable and is disputed, such party shall promptly within 15 days of the arising of the
disputes request the Chief Engineer/ CPM, or where there is no Chief Engineer/CPM, request
the Additional Director General/Special Director General ,who shall refer the disputes to
Dispute Reressal Committee (DRC) within 15 days along with a list of disputes with amounts
claimed if any in respect of each such dispute. The Dispute Redressal Committee (DRC) give
its decision within a period of 60 days extendable by 30 days by consent of both the parties
from the receipt of reference from CE/CPM/ADG/SDG. The constitution of Dispute
Redressal Committee (DRC) shall be as indicated in Schedule ‘F’. Provided that no
party shall be represented before the Dispute Redressal Committee by an advocate/legal
counsel etc.

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Clause 43: Compensation during warlike situations
The work (whether fully constructed or not) and all materials, machines, tools
and plants, scaffolding, temporary buildings and other things connected therewith shall be at
the risk of the contractor until the work has been delivered to the Engineer-in-Charge and a
certificate from him to that effect obtained. In the event of the work or any materials
properly brought to the site for incorporation in the work being damaged or destroyed in
consequence of hostilities or warlike operation, the contractor shall when ordered (in writing)
by the Engineer-in-Charge to remove any debris from the site, collect and properly stack or
remove in store all serviceable materials salvaged from the damaged work and shall be paid at
the contract rates in accordance with the provision of this agreement for the work of clearing
the site of debris, stacking or removal of serviceable material and for reconstruction of all
works ordered by the Engineer-in-Charge, such payments being in addition to compensation
upto the value of the work originally executed before being damaged or destroyed and not
paid for. In case of works damaged or destroyed but not already measured and paid for,
the compensation shall be assessed by the Divisional Officer upto Rs.2,00,000/-- and by the
next higher officer concerned for a higher amount. The contractor shall be paid for the
damages/destruction suffered and for restoring the material at the rate based on analysis of
rates tendered for in accordance with the provision of the contract. The certificate of the
Engineer-in-Charge regarding the quality and quantity of materials and the purpose for which
they were collected shall be final and binding on all parties to this contract.

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6.0 Quality Assurance Circulars

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 Quality Assurance Circulars

भारत सरकार
केंद्रीय लोकनिर्माणविभमग
तकिीकीअिप्र
ु योग एिंर्मिक एकमई
कर्रम॰ स॰ 418, ए- विंग, निर्माण भिि िई
दिल्ली
http://cpwd.gov.in
टै लीफ़ैक्स-011–23062339 ईर्ेल-delsetascsq.cpwd@nic.in

File No.155/SE(TAS)/2018-19 Dated:22/01/2019

OFFICE MEMORANUDM
Sub:- Ensuring Quality and Strength of Cement Concrete procured from RMC Plants.

In continuation to this office memorandum no. 155/SE(TAS)/C&D waste/2018 19/04 H

dated 03.01.2019 vide which it was decided not to operate batch mixing plants as far as possible at
construction sites in view of the rising air pollution. Further, all units of CPWD shall ensure that the
quality and strength of cement concrete procured from RMC Plants is as per design requirement
through a well defined quality control system, testing of samples, transportation of concrete (IS
4926: 2003) and continuous analysis of results as per CPWD specifications and relevant Indian
Standards.

This issues with the approval of DG, CPWD.

(DIVAKAR AGRAWAL)
Superintending Engineer (TAS)
CSQ, CPWD,
Nirman Bhawan,
New Delhi.

(Through CPWD
website)
1. All SDGs, ADGs and CEs and equivalent officers.
2. All SEs and EEs and equivalent officers.

(DIVAKAR AGRAWAL)
Superintending Engineer (TAS)
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 CENTRAL PUBLIC WORKS DEPARTMENT
CONTRACT, SPECIFICATIONS & QUALITY
QUALITY ASSURANCE CORE WING
NIRMAN BHAWAN, NEW DELHI.

No. CE(CSQ)/SE(QA)II/G-1/2011/83 Dated : 24/04/2017

CIRCULAR-QACW/01/2011

Subject: Observations of QA -Core Wing on Quality Aspects & Suggestions for Improvement in
CPWD Works.

Quality Assurance Unit under CSQ conducts regular inspection of works with the aim to

guide the field units for improving the quality. Based on the experience gathered by inspections,

Quality Assurance Unit has listed down the common observations noticed during these inspections and

prepared a bookleton "Observations of QA -Core Wing on Quality Aspects & Suggestions for

Improvement in CPWD Works”. The aim is to guide field Engineers and to draw their attention

towards quality.

2. A copy of above-mentioned booklet is enclosed herewith for implementation and with the request

to circulate amongst all SEs/EEs under your jurisdiction.

3. This issues with the approval of DG,CPWD.

Encl. Booklet

(Vinayak Rai)
SE (QA)-II

To
1. PPS to DG,CPWD, Nirman Bhawan, New Delhi.
2. All ADGs
3. All Chief Engineers
4. On CPWD Website

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7.0 Third Party Quality Assurance Circulars

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 CENTRAL PUBLIC WORKS DEPARTMENT
Olo Superintending Engineer, (QA) CPWD,
Room No-419, A-Wing Nirman Bhawan,
New Delhi
Tel. (011) 23062340, 23062449

No. CE(CSQ)/SE(QA)/G-3/ 651 Dated: 01.01.2015

Office Memorandum

Subject: 3rd Party Quality Control/Assurance in various projects, executed by CPWD.

It has been decided to adopt following Third Party Quality Control process in all projects
costing 5 crores and above, executed by CPWD

(i) Social Audit of the projects is to be done by groups of students of nearby reputed Engineering
College. These groups will conduct the audit and submit their report which will be uploaded on
the CPWD website.
(ii) Comprehensive Technical Audit will be conducted by a group of professors of nearby NIT/IIT
or by Professional Bodies like CBRI, CRRI for all the projects above Rs. 5 crores. The report of
this Audit will also be uploaded on the CPWD website.
(iii) TPQA as per para (ii) above shall be engaged to check the work during execution for the
following purposes:
 To ensure that the site is equipped with necessary documents like agreement, CPWD
Specifications, BIS Codes, Guard file containing inspection reports, list of approved
manufacturers, tools for checking quality of work & testing facilities.
 To ensure that sites records like inspection register, cement register, test register & site order
book etc. are being maintained in prescribed forms and under continuous watch of higher
officers.
 To ensure specific control on various process of execution by controlling various factors such as
testing of material & developing check list of important items of work.
 Inspection of work during execution for two factors:
(a) Material aspect- Quality & Testing of materials keeping in view the requirement of contract
specifications, BIS Marked/CPWD approved products. The agency shall conduct
independently at least 10% tests of the total tests as required as per mandatory tests/contract
specifications/BIS/IRC/MORTH requirements.
(b) Workmanship aspects to ensure execution of work with sound engineering practice and lay
down procedures.
 Test audit of R.A. bill to ensure proper procedure/lay down procedure adopted for making
payment to executing agency.

2. The above mentioned aspects are to be prepared as per check list proforma as per Annexure-l
attached.

3. TPQA will develop minimum quality assurance plan considering all the provisions under Para
53.2 of CPWD Works Manual 2014 and get it approved from NIT approving authority. They will
ensure that all the provisions of QA plan are being observed at site.

4. TPQA will ensure that all the tests should be conducted as detailed in QA plan.

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5. TPQA will ensure that test should be carried out in field lab or outside lab as per provisions of the
agreement.
6. TPQA will inspect the work as and when required, at least once a month and before making any
payment to the executing agency. Further, the inspection is to be planned in such a way that the pre-
requisite formalities such as testing of material and approval of resource plan for materials and
labour is carried out well in advance so that work may be progressed as per milestones fixed in the
agreement.

7. The inspection report shall be submitted within 15 days of inspection to the concerned Executive
Engineer, Superintending Engineer and Chief Engineer.

8. TPQA shall check and certify the quality of the work and monitor the compliance of removal of
defects, pointed out during inspection, before completion of the work.

9. TPQA shall monitor and ensure that defects are removed before making the payment of items of
work having defects.
 If, it is observed by TPQA that defects are not removed by executing agency, this matter shall be
reported to the concerned Chief Engineer & Superintending Engineer to take necessary action in
the matter as per agreement clause.
 TPQA shall also recommend in reduction of rate in case of substandard work, to be accepted
being structurally safe on the recommendations of concerned Superintending Engineer.

10. TPQA shall mention the details of defective work in inspection report, to be dismantled by executing
agency.
11. TPQA shall mention details of defective material, brought at site, which is to be removed from the
site immediately in inspection report.

12. The payment to the TPQA shall be made by the Executive Engineer who is not concerned with the
work on the basis of the bills submitted by TPQA duly verified by the concerned field engineer. This
Executive Engineer making payment shall be nominated by the Zonal CE. No advance payment shall
be made to TPQA. Running payment shall be made on proportionate basis.

13. 5% of the due amount of TPQA during the month shall be deducted from TPQA for not carrying out
inspection and preparation of details, required for work, in performa as per Annexure-l, mentioned at Sr.
No.2 above, by TPQA.

14. The 3 party quality assurance body shall report quality control test results and suggestions
regarding remedial measures, if any, from time to time.
All Chief Engineers will inform as soon as, TPQA as per above guidelines is fixed as a report is
to be sent to Hon'ble UDM for making a public statement.
These issues with the approval of DG, CPWD

Encl: As stated above.

(P. P Singh)
Superintending Engineer
(QA)
Copy to:
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1. All SDGs in CPWD/E-in-C, PWD, Delhi, for information and necessary action.
2. All ADGs in CPWD, for information and necessary action.

3. All Chief Engineers in CPWD/PWD, for information and necessary action.

4. Superintending Engineer (C&M) to incorporate the provision in Works Manual 2014.
5. Under Secretary (W.2), Ministry of Urban Development, New Delhi for information with reference to
Note ID No. 15011/6/2014-W.2 dated 12.12.2014.

Superintending Engineer
(QA)

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 CENTRAL PUBLIC WORKS DEPARTMENT
OFFICE MEMORANDUM
ISSUED BY AUTHORITY OF DIRECTOR GENERAL
CPWD, NIRMAN BHAWAN, NEW DELHI.

Sub:- Modifications in guidelines for 3rd Party Quality Assurance issued (TPQA) vide O.M. even
no.651 dated 01/01/2015.

The following provision of TPQA guidelines are modified as under: -

S. Existing Provision Modified Provision
No.
1. Para(iii) TPQA as per para (ii) above shall be Para (iii) TPQA as per para (ii) above
engaged to take the work during execution in the shall be engaged to take the work
following purposes:- during execution in the following
 Bullet Point No.5 purpose:-
Test Audit of R.A bill to ensure proper procedure/  Bullet point No.(5) Deleted.
laid down procedure adopted for making payment
to executing agency.
2. Para 6 TPQA will inspect the work as and when TPQA will inspect the work as and
required, at least once a month and before making when required, at least ones in three
any payment to the executing agency. Further, the months. Further, the inspection is to be
inspection is to be planned in such a way that the planned in such a way that the pre-
pre- requisite formalities such as testing of material requisite formalities such as testing of
and approval of resource plan for materials and material and labour is carried out well
labour is carried out well in advance so that work in advance so that work may be
may be progressed as per milestones fixed in the progressed as per milestones fixed in
agreement. the agreement.
3. Para 12 The payment to the TPQA shall be made Advance payment limiting to 20% of
by the Executive Engineer who is not concerned total fee in two or more installments
with the work on the basis of the bills submitted by on production of bank guarantee of
TPQA duly verified by the concerned field equal amount may be made to Govt.
Engineer. The Executive Engineer making payment agencies. The 2nd installment will be
shall be nominated by the Zonal CE. No. advance released considering progress of
payment shall be made to TPQA Running payment TPQA agency. Running payment shall
shall be made on proportionate basis. be made on proportionate basis.
4. Annexure-I
Para 8.0 to 8.8 Deleted.
Test Audit of R.A. bill.

Superintending Engineer(QA)

Issued from file no. CE(CSQ)/SE(QA)/G-3/312 Dated: 07/08/2015

1. All Spl. DGS, ADGs, CPWD, E-in-C, PWD,Delhi Govt. They are requested to endorse a copy of this
O.M. to all CES, SEs & EEs.
2. File No. CSQ/CM/16(1)/2015.

Superintending Engineer(QA)

Page 84 of 133
DRAFT CPWD HANDBOOK ON TOTAL QUALITY MANAGEMENT
Letter No. DG/CE(CSQ)/SE(QA)/G-3/75 Dated : 11-02-2015

Third Party Quality Assurance has been made mandatory for all CPWD Works above 5
crores which has been communicated to all CPWD Officers vide OM No. CE
(CSQ)/SE(QA)/G-3/651dt. 01/01/2015.. .
Hon'ble UDM during video conferencing with Senior Officers of CPWD on 20/1/2015
has again emphasized that social audit and Third Party Quality Assurance is made mandatory
for all works more than 5 crores and no payment is to be made without compliance of the same
w.e.f. 01/04/2015.
I reviewed the status of the implementation of this Directive of Hon'ble UDM in a
meeting in my office on 04/02/2015 and it was observed that no serious efforts have been made
on the issue and no feedback has been received from most of the Zonal Offices as requested
vide OM NO.CE (CSQ)/SE(QA)/G-3/02 dated 02/01/2015.

Comprehensive technical audit report is to be prepared in proforma given as per

annexure-I of TPQA guidelines uploaded on CPWD website on 02/01/2015.

As some doubts have been expressed how to assign TPQA agency, the officers are
directed to refer to para no.6.13(V) of CPWD Works Manual 2014. According to this Para,
Third Party Quality Control of the work can be assigned to IITs, NITs, Govt. Engineering
College, CBRI and other Central / state Govt. Institutes, without call of tenders.
[

It is once again emphasised that TPQA is a mandatory policy of MOUD, GOI and is to
be implemented invariably. The CEs / CPMs are directed to make all out efforts to implement
this Directive and meet the Directors of IITs, Principal of Engineering Colleges and HODs of
other professional bodies for engagement of TPQA. In case any lapses are observed, the
concerned CEs/CPMs shall be held personally responsible.

(DIVAKAR GARG)
To
All SDGs in CPWD, All ADGs in CPWD/PWD,
All CEs in CPWD.

Page 85 of 133
DRAFT CPWD HANDBOOK ON TOTAL QUALITY MANAGEMENT
 Additional Director General (TD)
Central Public Works Department Nirman
Bhawan, New Delhi - 110 011

No. : DG/CE(CSQ)/SE(QA)/G-3/99 Dated : 24.02.2015

OFFICE MEMORANDUM

Subject : 3 Party Quality Control / Assurances in various Projects, executed by CPWD.

This has reference to letter No. DG/CE(CSQ)/SE(QA)/G-3/75 dt. 11.02.2015 vide

which it was advised to all field Engineers to refer para No. 6.13 (v) of CPWD Works
Manual – 2014 for assignment of 3rd Party Quality Control work to IITs, NITs, Govt.
Engineering Colleges, CBRI & other Central / State Govt. Institutes without call of tenders.

In this connection, if there is any difficulty for assigning the work to these Central
/ State Govt. Institutes, 34 Party Quality Assurance work may be assigned to other
Empanelled agencies having working experience in the field of Quality Assurance work of
the similar nature. Empanelment may be done by concerned Special DGs for their Regions
after call of Expression of Interest.

It is, once again, emphasized that TPQA is mandatory policy of MOUD, GOI and
is to be implemented invariably. All Special DGs are requested to look into the matter so
that TPQA is engaged immediately, keeping in view the above mentioned provisions.

(Mukesh Vij)
ADG (TD)

To
All Spl. DGs in CPWD, All ADGs in CPWD, PWD.
All CEs in CPWD

Page 86 of 133
DRAFT CPWD HANDBOOK ON TOTAL QUALITY MANAGEMENT
 केन्द्रीय लोक निर्ााण विभाग
कायाालय अधीक्षण अभभयन्द्ता(गु0आ0)
कर्रा सं0 419-ए विंग, निर्ााण भिि, िई दिल्ली ।
टे लीo(011)23062340, 23062449

सं0सी0एस0क्य/ू अ0अ0(ग0ु आO)जी-3/52 दििमंक 09/04/2015

कमयमालय ज्ञमपि

Third Party Quality Assurance has been made mandatory for all CPWD Works
above 5crores which has been communicated to all CPWD officers vide O.M. No.
CE/CSQ/SE/QA/G-3/651 dt. 01-01-2015.

In this connection vide O.M. No. DG/CE/CSQ/SE(QA)G-3/99 dt. 24-02-2015, it

was emphasized that TPQA is mandatory policy of MOUD, Govt. of India, and is to be
implemented invariably and accordingly all the Spl. DG's, ADG's & CE's were requested
to look into the matter so that TPQA may be engaged immediately.

In view of the above, it is requested to submit comments and status report

regarding engaging TPQA firms in all works above 5 crores upto 31-03-2015 in your
jurisdiction duly complied at Sub Regional level.

(पी0पी0ससंह)
अधीक्षण असभयन्तम (गु0आ0)

To
All SDGs in CPWD, All ADGs in CPWD/PWD.
All CEs in CPWD,

Page 87 of 133
DRAFT CPWD HANDBOOK ON TOTAL QUALITY MANAGEMENT
 Government of India
Additional Director General (TD)
Central Public Works Department ,
First Floor, Room No. 118, A-Wing, Nirman Bhawan,
New Delhi-110011, Phone : 23063389, Fax: 23061608
E-mail : adgtd@nic.in

File No. DG/CE(CSQ)/SE(QA)/G-3/203 Date : 19-05-2015

OFFICE MEMORANDUM

Sub.:- 3rd Party Quality Control/Assurance in various projects, executed by CPWD.

It has been observed that field officers are endorsing the copy of note regarding fixing
of TPQA charges to the Directorate.

In this connection, office memorandum no. DG/CE(CSQ)/SE(QA)/G-3/99 dated

24/02/2015 may be referred, vide which Special DGs have been empowered for empanelment
of TPQA agencies for their regions.

As such SDGs, ADGs & CEs are requested to take necessary action regarding rate for
TPQA as per manual provision & scope of work to be done. This office cannot vet the rates
etc. approved by them, based on merits of each case.

In view of the above all field officers are hereby advised not to endorse any
correspondence regarding fixing of TPQA agencies & rate thereof.

Mukesh VIJ
ADG (TD)

Copy to:-
1. All SDGs, ADGs of CPWD, PWD.
2. All CEs in CPWD.

Page 88 of 133
DRAFT CPWD HANDBOOK ON TOTAL QUALITY MANAGEMENT
 CENTRAL PUBLIC WORKS DEPARTMENT
OFFICE MEMORANDUM
ISSUED BY AUTHORITY OF DIRECTOR GENERAL
CPWD, NIRMAN BHAWAN, NEW
DELHI.

Office Memorandum

Sub: Modifications in the proposal for 3rd Party Quality Control / Assurance for various projects
executed by CPWD.
In continuation of this Office Memorandum even no.651 dated 1/01/2015 & no. 312 dated
07/08/2015, it has been decided:
1) CPWD shall adopt 3rd Party Quality Assurance in projects costing to Rs. 20 crores & above.
2) The payment of executing agencies has been delinked with 3rd Party Quality
Assurance report. However, the Superintending Engineers / Project Managers concerned shall be
responsible to check observations of TPQA before making payment to the executing agencies.

All Zonal Engineers are requested to submit monthly report showing engagement of TPQA
agencies to submit the report to the MOUD.

Superintending
Engineer(QA)

Issued from file no. CE(CSQ)/SE(QA)/G-3/374 Dated:30 /09/2015

1. All Spl. DGs, ADGs, CÉs CPWD for information & necessary action. (through website)
2. Director(Works), Ministry of Urban Development, Works Division, Nirman Bhawan, New
Delhi for information in response of MOUD ID no. 15011/6/2014-W-11 dated 01/06/2015.

Superintending
Engineer(QA)

Page 89 of 133
DRAFT CPWD HANDBOOK ON TOTAL QUALITY MANAGEMENT
8.0 Testing Criteria for Construction
Materials in CPWD Specifications

Page 90 of 133
DRAFT CPWD HANDBOOK ON TOTAL QUALITY MANAGEMENT
 LIST OF MANDATORY TESTS FOR BUILDING WORKS

Material Clause Test Field/ Test Min.qty Frequency of

From Labor procedur of Material Testing
CPWD atory e for
specific Carrying
ation out test
1 2 3 4 5 6 7
Water 3.1.1 (i) pHValue Lab IS 3025 - Water from each
(ii) Limitsof Lab source shall be got
Acidity tested before the
Lab
(iii) Limitsof commencement of
Alkality work and
(iv) Percentage of solids Lab thereafter once in
(a) Chlorides Lab every three
(b) Suspended matter Lab months till the
(c) Sulphates Lab completion of the
(d) Inorganic solids Lab work. Water from
(e) Organic solids Lab municipal source
need be tested
only once in six
months. Number
of Tests for each
source shall be3
Cement 3.1.2 (a) Physical
requirement
(i) Fineness Lab IS4031 Each lot Every 50 tonnes
(Part II) or part thereof.
(ii) Soundness Lab IS4031 Each brand of
(Part III) cement brought to
(iii)Setting time (Initial Lab IS4031 site shall be tested
&Final) (Part V) as per this
(iv) Compressive Lab IS4031 frequency.
strength (Part VI)
(v) Consistencyof Lab IS4031
standard cement (Part VI)
paste
Sand 3.1.3.1 Organic Field Appendix 20 cum Every 20 cum or
‘A’ part
impurities thereof or
more
frequently as
decided
by Engineer- in-
Charge.

Page 91 of 133
DRAFT CPWD HANDBOOK ON TOTAL QUALITY MANAGEMENT
Material Clause Test Field/ Test Min.qty Frequency
From Laborat procedur of of Testing
CPWD ory e Material
specificat for
ion Carrying
out test
1 2 3 4 5 6 7
3.1.3.2 Silt Content Field Appendix 20 cum -do-
C
3.1.3.4 Particle size Field or Appendix 40 cum 40 cum or
B part thereof
distribution Laboratory
a,b,c,d & e As
decided
by the
Engineer-
in- charge

Sand 3.1.3.5 Bulking of Sand Field Appendix 20 cum Every 20

D cum or part
thereof or
more
frequently
as decided
by Engineer-
in-Charge.
Fly 3.1.5 Total chloride in percent Lab IS 12423 10 cum Every 10 cum
Ash & by mass, max. or part
3.1.5.1 thereof or
more
Loss of ignition in percent Lab IS 1727 10 cum Frequency as
by mass, decided by
max. Engineer-in-
charge
Fineness, specific surface in Lab/field Blaine’s 10 cum do-
m2/kg permeabilit
y method
Compressive strengthat 28 Lab. - 10 cum Only in cases
days in N/mm2, when fly ash
Min. is used as
pozzolana in
cement
Stone 4.1.2.2 (a) Percentage of soft or Field or IS As For all
aggrega deleterious material Laborator 2386 required quantities
te y- Test as - by
required Part II Engineer-
in-charge

Page 92 of 133
DRAFT CPWD HANDBOOK ON TOTAL QUALITY MANAGEMENT
Material Clause Test Field/ Test Min.qty Frequency of
From Laborat procedure of Material Testing
CPWD ory for Carrying
specifica out test
tion
1 2 3 4 5 6 7

4.1.2.3 Particle size Field/ Lab Appendix‘A’ 45 cum For every 45

cum or part
thereof for
RCC Work
only. For rest
of items as
decided by
Engineer -in-
charge
4.1.2.5 (a) Estimation of Field/ Lab IS 2386- 10 For every 40
organicimpurities Part II cum cum or part
thereof
(b) Surface Field/ Lab IS 2386 10 cum -do-
moisture
(c) Determination of 10% fine Field/ Lab IS 2386 10 cum -do-
value
(d) Specific gravity Field/ Lab IS 2386 10 cum -do-

(e) Bulk density Field/ Lab IS 2386 10 cum -do-

(f) Aggregate crusing strength Field/ Lab IS 2386 10 cum -do-

(g) Aggregate impact value Field/ Lab IS 2386 10 cum -do-

Concrete 4.2.2 Slump test Field Appendix ‘D’ 10 cum 15 cum or part
thereof
Reinforced 5.4.1 (a) Slump test Field/ Appen- dix (i) 5 cum in (i) Ever
cement Lab ‘D’ of Para 4 case of y5
concrete column cum
(Nominal (ii) 20 cum of
Mix) for part
slabs, there
beams of
and
connecte (ii) Eve
d ry
columns 20
(iii) 20 cum cum
for or
other part
R.C.C. ther
work for eof
all other
small
items
Page 93 of 133
DRAFT CPWD HANDBOOK ON TOTAL QUALITY MANAGEMENT
 and (iii) -Do-

Material Clause Test Field/ Test Min.qty Frequen

From Laborat procedure of Material cy of
CPWD ory for Carrying Testing
specific out test
ation
1 2 3 4 5 6 7
where
R.C.C.
done in
a day is
less than
5 cum
test may
be
carried
out as
required
by
Engineer
-in-
Charge
Material Clause Test Field/ Test Min.qty Frequenc
From Laborat procedure of Materialy of
CPWD ory for Testing
specific Carrying out
ation test
1 2 3 4 5 6
5.4.9. (b) Cube Lab Appen- dix (i) 5 cum in (i) Ever
1 Test ‘A’ case of y5
column cum
(ii) 20 cum or
for part
slabs, there
beams of
and
connec (ii) Ever
Page 94 of 133
DRAFT CPWD HANDBOOK ON TOTAL QUALITY MANAGEMENT
 ted y
column 20cu
s m or
(iii) 20 part
cum there
for of
other
R.C.C.
work
for all (iii) -Do-
other
small
items
and

Material Clause Test Field/ Test Min.qty Frequen

From Laborat procedure of Material cy of
CPWD ory for Carrying Testing
specific out test
ation
1 2 3 4 5 6 7
where R.C.C.
done in a day
is less than 5
cum test may
be carried out
as required by
Engineer- in-
Charge
Reinforced Coarse 50 cum or
Cement Aggre- part thereof
Concrete gates & also on
(Design each change
Mix) of
source
Fine 50 cum or
Aggre- part thereof
gates & also on
each change
of
source
Cement 50 MT or on
each change
of source
Fresh (a) Slump test Field Appen- dix 10 cum 50 cum for
Concrete ‘D’ of Para 4 R.C.C.
work
including
in all other
small
location.
R.C.C.
done in a

Page 95 of 133
DRAFT CPWD HANDBOOK ON TOTAL QUALITY MANAGEMENT
 day is less
than 50
cum test
may be
carried out
as required
by
Engineer-in-
Charge
Fresh (b) Cube Lab Appen- dix 10 cum or 50 cum or
ConcreteTest ‘A’ part thereof 10 batches
of 5-7 cum
each for
R.C.C.
work in all
location
taken
together.
R.C.C.
done in a
day is less
than 50
cum test
may be
carried out
as required
by
Engineer-
in-Charge
Materi Clau Test Field/ Test procedure Min, Frequency
al se laborator quantity of testing
From y test of
CPW material
D for
speci carrying
ficati out the
on test
1 2 3 4 5 6 7
Reinforced Coarse 50 cum or
Cement Aggre- part thereof
Concrete gates & also on
(Ready each change
Mix) of
source
Fine 50 cum or
Aggre- part thereof
gates & also on
each change
of
source
Cement 50 MT or on
each change
of source

Page 96 of 133
DRAFT CPWD HANDBOOK ON TOTAL QUALITY MANAGEMENT
Fresh (a) Slump test Field/La Appendix 10 cum 50 cum
Concrete b ‘D’of Para 4 for
R.C.C.
work
including
in all
other
small
location.
R.C.C.
done in a
day is
less than
50 cum
test may
be carried
out as
required
by
Engineer-
in-Charge
Fresh (b) Cube Lab Appen- dix ‘A’ 10 cum or 50 cum or
ConcreteTest part thereof 10 batches
of 5-7 cum
each for
R.C.C.
work in all
location -
taken
together.
R.C.C.
done in a
day is less
than 50
cum test
may be
carried out
as required
by
Engineer-
in-Charge

Page 97 of 133
DRAFT CPWD HANDBOOK ON TOTAL QUALITY MANAGEMENT
Material Clause Test Field/ Test Min, Frequency of Material
From laborat procedure quantity of testing
CPWD ory test material
specifi for
cation carrying
out the test
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 1
Steel for 5.1.3 (A) (a) For (b) For
Reinforced Physical consign- consign-
cement Test and ment below ment over
concrete chemical 100 tonnes 100 tonnes
tests (i) Under
(i) under 10 mm
10 mm
dia, one
dia, one
sample for
sample
each 40
for each
tonnes or
25
part
tonnes
thereof
or part
(ii) 10 mm to
thereof
16 mm,
(ii) 10 mm
one sample
to 16
for each
mm dia
45 tonnes
one or part
sample thereof
for each
(iii) over
35 16 mm
tonnes
dia, one
or part sample for
thereof each 50
(iii) over 16 tonnes
mm dia or part
one thereof
sample
for each
45
tonnes
or part
thereof

98
 LIST OF MANDATORY TESTS

Sl. Material Clause Test Field/ Test Minimum Qty.

No. from laboratory Procedure of material for
CPWD Test carrying out
specifi test
caiton
1 2 3 4 5 6 7
(i) Bricks/ 6.1.3, Testing of Laboratory Appendix A, As per Table
Brick 6.1.4, Bricks/Brick Tiles B, C & D of 6.3 and 6.4 of
Tiles 6.1.5 for dimensions, Para 6 of CPWD
Compressive CPWD specification
strength, Water specification
absorption and
efflorescence

(ii) Sewer 6.1.4 Dimensions, Laboratory Appendix A, As per Table

Bricks Compressive B, C & D of 6.3 and 6.4 of
strength, Water Para 6 of CPWD
absorption and CPWD specification
Efflorescence specification

(iii) Burnt 6.1.5 --do-- -- do -- -- do-- -- do--

clay
perforated
building
bricks

99
 LIST OF MANDATORY TESTS

Material Clause Test Requirement Field/ Test Minimum Frequency of

from laboratory Procedure Qty. of Testing
CPWD Test material for
specific carrying
ation out test
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
Stone 7.1.1 (i) Water Not more than Laboratory IS 1124 50 sqm. for 100 sqm/20
7.4 absorption 2.5% by mass slabs and cum or part
7.8 for sand stone 10 cum in thereof or
7.9 and as specified stone change of
in masonry source as per
IS 1123 for other direction of
stones. Engineer-
in- Charge
(ii) Not less than 7 Laboratory IS 1121 -do- -do-
Transverse N/mm2 (70 Part II
strength
Kgf/cm2) for
sand stone and
as specified in
IS 1123 for
other stones.
(iii) Not greater Laboratory IS 1706 -do- -do-
Resistance to than 2 mm on
wear the average and
2.5 mm for any
individual
specimen for
sand stone and
as specified in
IS 1123 for
other stones.
(iv) Shall not Laboratory IS 1126 -do- -do-
Durability develop signs of
spalling,
disintegration
or cracks for
sand stone and
as specified in
IS 1123 for
other stones.

100
 LIST OF
MANDATORY TESTS

Material Clause Test Field/ Test Minimum Frequen

from Laboratory Procedure quantity of cy of
CPWD Test material/ work testing
specificati for carrying
out the test
on
1 2 3 4 5 6 7

Marble 8.3 (i) Moisture Laboratory IS 1124 50 Sq.m. 100 sqm.

(Table Absorption or part
8.2) thereof.
(ii) Hardness Test -do- Mho’s -do- -do-
Scale
(iii) Specific -do- IS 1122 -do- -do-
Gravity
Granite (i) Moisture -do- IS 1124 -do- -do-
(ii) Specific -do- IS 1122 -do- -do-
Gravity
Timber 9.1.6 Moisture content Field (by
Appendix 1 cum Every
moisture ‘C’ one cum
meter) or part
laboratory thereof.
test as
required
by
Engineer-
in-
Charge
Flush door 9.7.10 End immersion Laboratory IS 220226 shutters As
Test knife test Appendix p
Adhesion Test ‘F’ er
sampling
and
testing
specified
in clause
9.7.11
Mortice 9.15.13 Testing of spring Laboratory IS 2209- 50 Nos 100 or
Locks Appendix part
‘G’ thereof.
Steel if 10.1.1 (a) Tensile Laborator IS 1599 20 Every 20
arranged strength y tonne tonne or
by the (b) Bend test part
contractor thereof.
Steel 10.13 (a) Tensile Test Laborator IS 1608 Every 8 tonne Every 8
tubular (b) Bend y or part thereof tonne
pipes Test IS 2329 o
(c) Flattening Test r part
IS 2328 thereof

101
Material Clause Test Field/ Test Min. quantity Frequency of
from Laboratory Procedure of material for testing
CPWD Test carrying out
specificati the test
on
1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7.
Terrazzo 11.10.1 & 1. Transverse Laboratory I S: 1237 5000 Nos. One test for every
Tiles 11.11.1 strength (no testing 10,000 Nos. or part
2. Water need be done thereof for each type
absorption if total and size from a
3. Abrasion
number of single manufacturer.
Atest tiles of all (One test to be done
types of all even if the number
sizes from all of terrazo tiles of any
manufacturers type and size from a
used in a single manufactur-
work is less ers is less than 5000
than 5000 Nos. provided the
Nos) total number of
terrazo tiles of all
types and sizes from
all manufacturers
used in a work
exceed 5000 Nos.
Pressed 11.4,11.5 1. Dimensions Laboratory I S: 13630 3000 Nos. 3000 Nos. or part
ceramic & 11.16 and surface thereof
tiles (for quality
floor 2. Physical
& wall) properties
3. Chemical
properties

102
 LIST OF MANDATORY TESTS FOR ROAD WORKS

Material/ Clause Test Field/ Test Mini- mumFrequency of Testing

work from Laboratory procedure quantity/
CPWD Value
specificat
ion
1 2 3 4 5 6 7
3
Coarse 16.1.1 1. Lost Angles Laboratory IS 2386 Per 200 m
Aggregate (Part IV)
2. Abrasion Value or IS 2386
Aggregate Impact Value (Part V) IS
5640
3. Flakiness Index IS 2386
(Part I)
16.1.1 Grading requirement Field IS 2386 Nil Per 100 m3
Table (Part I)
16.2
Fine 16.1.2 Deleterious materials Laboratory IS 2386 Nil As required by the
Aggregate (Part III) Engineer-in-charge
Bitumen 16.1.5 As prescribed in IS 73 Laboratory As prescribed Nil As required by the
in IS 73 Engineer-in-charge
Embankment 16.3.1 1. Moisture content Laboratory IS 2720 Nil Nil 250 m33
under 2. Density Field (Part II) IS 250 m
(O.M.C. 2720
conditions) (Part XXVIII)
16.3.4.4 3. Control test on Laboratory
borrow pits.
(a) Gradation Laboratory IS 2720 Nil One to Two tests per
(Part IV) 8000 m3
(b) Plasticity Laboratory IS 2720 Nil -Do-
(Part V)
(c) Proctor Test Laboratory IS 2720 (Part Nil -Do-
VIII)
(d) Deleterious content Laboratory Nil As required by the
Engineer- in -charge
(e) Moisture contents Laboratory IS 2720 Nil 250m3
(Part II)
Bitumen 16.32 1. Binder Field IS 73 Nil As required by the
Penetration Engineer-in-charge.
Macadam
2.Aggregate Abrasion Laboratory IS 2386 Nil Per 100 m3 of
impact value or Los (Part IV) aggregate as required
Angles Value by the Engineer-in-
charge
3. Flakiness Index Laboratory IS 2386 Nil -Do-
(Part I)
4. Stripping Value Laboratory IS 6241 Nil -Do-
5. Grading of Aggregate Field or IS 2386 Two tests per day per
Laboratory (Part I) plant
Bitumen 16.33 1. Los Angles Abrasion Laboratory IS 2386 Nil For every 100 m3
Mastic Value/Aggregate (Part IV)
Wearing Impact value
Course
2. Flakiness Index Laboratory IS 2386 -Do-
(Part I)
3. Stripping Value Laboratory IS 6241 -Do-
4. Mix Grading Field/ IS 2386 One set of test on
Laboratory (Part I) individual
constituents and
mixed aggregate from
dryer for each 100
tonnes of mix subject
to minimum of two
sets per plant per day.

103
 1 2 3 4 5 6 7

Dense 16.46 1. Quality of Binder Laboratory IS 73 Nil As require

Bitumen
Macadam
2. Los Angles Laboratory IS 2386 Ni 100 m3
Abrasion Value/ (Part IV) l
Aggregate impact
Value
3. Stripping Value Laboratory IS 6241 Nil -Do-
4. Water -Do- IS 2386 -Do- -Do-
Absorption (Part III)
5. Flakiness Index -Do- IS 2386 -Do- One test for 100 cum.
(Part I)
6. Sieve Analysis -Do- IS 2386 -Do- One test for each
for filler (Part I) consignment subject to
minimum one test
per 5 cum.
7. Mix Grading -Do- IS 2386 -Do- One set of test on individual
(Part I)
constituent and mixed
aggregates from dryer for
each 100 tonnes of mix
subject to a minimum of two
sets per plant per
day
8. Stability of Mix -Do- ASTM -Do- Three marshall specimen
D 1559 per 100 tonnes of mix,
subject to a minimum of 2
sets
being tested per plant, per
day.
9. Binder Content Field -Do- One test for each 100
tonnes of mix subject to
minimum of two tests per
day
per plant
10. Thickness , Field Appendi -Do- One test of 3 samples per
500 sqm.
Density of x ‘B’
compacted
layer
Same as above Same as Same as Ni Same as for Asphaltic
except Test No. 6 & above above l concrete
7
Cement 16.37. Coarse aggregate - Before approval of the
concrete 19 1. Flakiness Index IS 2386
Laboratory quarry and every sub-
pavement (Part I)
sequent change in the source
under of supply and one test per
controlled 100 cum.
conditions
2. Impact Value -Do- IS 2386 - -Do-
(Part IV)
3. Loss Angles -Do- -Do- - -Do-
abrasion
Value

104
 4. Deleterious -Do- IS 2386 - Before approval of the
material (Part II)
quarry and at every
subsequent change in the
source
of supply

1 2 3 4 5 6 7
5. Moisture content -Do- IS 2386 - Regularly as required
(Part III)
subject to a minimum of
one test
per day
Fine Aggregate
1. Silt content Field As per - One test per 15 cum.
CPWD
specifica
ti- on
Vol. I.
2. Gradation of sand -Do- IS 2386 - -Do-
(Part II)
3. Deleterious material -Do- IS 2386 - Before approval of the
(Part II) quarry and at every
subsequent change in
the source of supply
4. Moisture content -Do- IS 2386 - Regularly as required
(Part III)
subject to a minimum of
two tests per day
5. Mix Aggregate Field IS 2386 - One test per 15 cum of
(Part I) concrete
6. Flextural strength Laborat IS - One test consisting of 8
ory 526
specimen for 30 cum. of
concrete

105
 APPENDIX A

TEST FOR DIMENSIONAL TOLERANCE

(Clause 6.1.3.3)
A-1.
Sampling
As per para 6.1.3.1 and 6.1.3.2.

A -2. Procedure
All the blisters, loose particles of clay and small projections shall be removed from the
surface of bricks. Each specimen of 20 bricks shall then be arranged upon a level surface
successively as indicated in Fig. A, B and C of para A-4 below in contact with each other
and in straight line. The overall length of the assembled bricks (20 Nos) shall be measured
with a steel tape sufficiently long to measure the whole row at one stretch.

A-3. Tolerance
The actual dimensions of bricks when tested as described in A-2 shall be within the
following limits per 20 bricks.

Modular Bricks
Length 3720 to 3880 mm (3800 ± 80 mm)
Width 1760 to 1840 mm (1800 ± 40 mm)
Height 1760 to 1840 mm (1800 ± 40 mm) for 90 mm high brick
760 to 840 mm (800 ± 40 mm) for 40 mm high brick

Non-Modular Bricks
For class 10
Length (4520 to 4680) mm (4600 ± 80 mm)
Width (2240 to 2160) mm (2200 ± 40 mm)
Height (1440 to 1360) mm (1400 ± 40 mm) for 70 mm high bricks
(640 to 560) mm (600 ± 40 mm) for 30 mm high bricks

For other classes

Length (4320 to 4680) mm
Width (2130 to 2310) mm
Height (1340 to 1460) mm for 70 mm
high bricks (840 to 920) mm
for 44 mm high bricks

A-4. Criteria for Conformity

A lot shall be considered conforming to the requirements of dimensions and
tolerances if all the groups of bricks are tested to meet the specified requirements.
10
CM

'A' Measurement of Length

'B' Measurement of Width
‘ C’ Measurement of Height

106
 APPENDI
XB

ADDITIONAL TESTS FOR CONCRETE

(Clause 5.4.9.2)

In case the concrete fails when tested as per the method prescribed in Appendix A,
one or more of the following check tests may be carried out at the discretion of Engineer-
in-Charge to satisfy the strength of the concrete laid. All testing expenditure shall be borne
by the contractor, the number of additional tests to be carried out shall be determined by
the Engineer-in-Charge. He shall be the final authority for interpreting the results of
additional test and shall decide upon the acceptance or otherwise. His decision in this regard
shall be final and binding. For the purpose of payment, the Hammering test results only
shall be the criteria. Some of the tests are outlined below:-

REBOUND HAMMER TEST

If a rebound hammer is regularly used by trained personnel in accordance with
procedure described in IS 13311 (part II) and a continuously maintained individual charts
are kept showing a large number of reading and the relation between the reading and
strength of concrete cubes made from the same batch of concrete, such charts may be used
in conjunction with hammer readings to obtain an approximate indication of the strength
of concrete in a structure for element. If calibration charts are available from
manufactures, it can be used. When making rebound hammer test each result should be the
average of at least 12 readings. Reading should not be taken within 20mm of the edge of
concrete members and it may be necessary to distinguish between readings taken on a
trowled face and those on a moulded face. When making the tests on a precast unit,
special care should be taken to bed them firmly against the impact of the hammer.
CUTTING CORES
This method involves drilling and testing cores from the concrete for determination of
compressive strength. In suitable circumstances, the compressive strength of the concrete
in the structure may be assessed by drilling cores from the concrete and testing. The
procedure used shall comply with the requirements of IS 1199 and IS 516.
The points from which cores shall be taken shall be representative of the whole
concrete and at least three cores shall be obtained and tested. If the average of the strength
of all cores cut from the structure is less than the specified strength, the concrete
represented by the cores shall be liable to rejection and shall be rejected if a static load test
(B-5) either cannot be carried out or is not permitted by the Engineer-in-Charge.
ULTRASONIC TEST
If an ultrasonic apparatus is regularly used by trained personnel in accordance with IS
13311 (part I) and continuously maintained individual charts are kept showing a large
number of readings & the relation between the reading and strength of cubes made from
the same batch of concrete, such charts may be used to obtain approximate indications of
the strength of concrete in the structures. In cases of suspected lack of compaction or low
cube strength the results obtained from the ultrasonic test results on adjacent acceptable

107
 section of the structures may be used for the purpose of assessing the strength of concrete
in the suspected portion.

B- 4 LOAD TESTS ON INDIVIDUAL PRECAST UNITS

The load tests described in this clause are intended as check on the quality of the units
and should not be used as substitute for normal design procedure. Where members require
special testing. Such special testing procedures shall be in a accordance with the
specification. Test loads shall be applied and removed incrementally.
B-4.1 Non Destructive Tests
The unit shall be supported at its designed point of support and loaded for five minutes
with a load equal to the sum of the characteristic dead load plus one and a quarter time the
characteristic impose load. The deflection is then recorded. The maximum deflection after
application of the load shall be in accordance with the requirements defined by the
Engineer-in-Charge. The recovery is measured five minutes after the removal of the load
and the load then reimposed. The percentage recovery after the second loading shall be
not less than that after the first loading nor less than 90% of the deflection recorded
during the second loading. At no time during the tests, shall the unit show any sign of
weakness or faulty construction as defined by the Engineer-in-Charge in the light of
reasonable interpretation of relevant data.

B-4.2 Destructive Tests

The unit is loaded while supported at its design point of support and must not fail at its
design load for collapse, within 15 minutes of time when the test load becomes operative.
A deflection exceeding 1/40 of the test span is regarded as failure of the unit.

B-4.3 Special Tests

For very large units or units not readily amenable to the above test e.g. columns, the
precast parts of composite beams and members designed for continuity or fixity, the
testing arrangements shall be agreed upon before such units are cast.
Load Test of Structures or Parts of Structures
The test described in this clause are intended as a check where there is a doubt
regarding structural strength. Test loads are to be applied and removed incrementally.

B-5.1 Age at Tests

The test is to be carried as soon as possible after the expiry of 28 days from the time of
placing of the concrete. When the test is for a reason other than the quality of concrete in
the structure being in doubt, the test may be carried out earlier, provided that the concrete
has already reached its specified characteristic strength.

108
B-5.2 Test Load
The test loads to be applied for the limit state of deflection and local damage are the
appropriate design loads i.e., the characteristic dead and superimposed loads. When the
limit state of collapse is being considered the test load shall be equal to the sum of
characteristic dead load plus one and a quarter times the characteristic imposed load and
shall be maintained or a period of 24 hours. In any of the test temporary supports of
sufficient strength to take the whole load shall be placed in position underneath but not
in contact with the members being tested. Sufficient precautions must be taken to
safeguard persons in the vicinity of the structure.

B-5.3 Measurement During Tests

Measurements of deflection and crack width shall be taken immediately after
applications of the load and, in the case of 24 hour sustained load test, at the end of 24
hour loaded period, after removal of the load and after 24 hour recovery period.
Sufficient measurements shall be taken to enable side effect to be taken in account.
Temperature and weather conditions shall be recorded during the tests.

B-5.4 Assessment of Results

In assessing the strength of a structure or a part of the structure following a loading
test, the possible effects of variation in temperature and humidity during the period of the
test shall be considered.
The following requirements shall be met:
(a) The maximum width of any crack measured immediately on application of the
test load for local damage, is to be not more than 2/3 of the value of the
appropriate limit state requirement.
(b) For members spanning between two supports the deflection measured
immediately on application of the test load for deflection is to be not more than
1/500 of the effective span limits shall be agreed upon before testing cantilevered
portions of structure.
(c) If maximum deflection in mm shown during 24 hour under load is less than
40L2/D where L is effective span in mm and D is overall depth of construction in
mm, it is not necessary for the recovery to be measured and the requirement (D)
does not apply, and
(d) If within 24 hours of the removal of test load for collapse as calculated in clause
(a) a reinforced concrete structure does not show a recovery of at least 75 per cent
of the maximum deflection shown during the 24 hour under load, the loading
should be repeated. The structure should be considered to have failed to pass the
test if the recovery after second loading is not at least 75 per cent of the maximum
deflection shown during the second loading.

DETERMINATION OF WATER SOLUBLE AND ACID SOLUBLE

CHLORIDES IN CONCRETE
Determination of water soluble and acid soluble chlorides in Concrete shall be done
as per method of test given in IS 14959 (Part 1) which covers volumetric method of test
as described below :

109
(a) Quality of Reagents
Unless otherwise specified, pure chemicals of analytical reagent grade and
distilled water (see IS 1070) shall be used in the test.
(b) Nitric Acid (HNO3) Concentrated (Specific Gravity 1.42)
Prepare the solution, (6N (approximately), by diluting 38ml of concentrated
Nitric acid to 100 ml with distilled water.
(c) Ferric Alum(FeNH4 (SO4)2 12 H2O)
Dissolve 10 g of ferric alum in 100 ml of distilled water and add 1 ml of Nitric
acid.
(d) Potassium Chromate 5% Solution
Dissolve 5 g of potassium chromate (K2 CrO4) 100 ml of distilled water to form
5% Solution.
(e) Nirabenzene
(f) Silver Nitrate (AgNO3)Solution, 0.02 N
Weigh 1.7 g of silver nitrate, dissolve in distilled water and dilute to 500 ml in a
volumetric flask. Standardize the silver nitrate solution against 0.02 N sodium
chloride solution using potassium chromate solution as indicator ( 5 percent m/v)
in accordance with the procedure given in IS 3025 (Part 32).
(g) Ammonium thiocyanate (NH4 SCN) Solution
Weigh 1.7 g of ammonium thiocyanate (NH4 SCN) and dissolve in one litre of
distilled water in a volumetric flask. Shake well and standardize by titrating with
0.02 N silver nitrate solution using ferric alum solution as an indicator. Adjust the
normality exactly to 0.02 N.
(h) Sodium chloride (NaCl) 0.02N
Weigh 1.1692 g of sodium chloride (NaCl) dried at 105 +/- 2ºC, dissolve in
distilled water and make upto 1000 ml in a volumetric flask.
(i) Use of Filter Paper

(j) In the methods prescribed in this standard, relative numbers of Watman filter
paper only have been prescribed since these are commonly used. However, any
other suitable brand of filter papers with equivalent porosity may be used.

(k) Procedure for Water Soluble Chloride

Weigh 1 000+/-5 g of fresh mortar or concrete sample in a 2 litre capacity beaker
and add 500 ml of distilled water (chloride free). Stir the mixture vigorously for
15 minutes. After allowing the mixture to stand for 10 to 15 minutes for settling,
decant about 200 ml of the supernatant solution into a clean dry 250 ml capacity
beaker. Immediately, filter the solution through Watman filter paper No.1 and
collect the filtrate.
Pipette 50 ml of filtrate in a 250 ml capacity conical flask. Add 5 ml of 6 N Nitric
acid. Add a known volume (X), preferably 25 ml of nitrobenzene. Shake
vigorously to coagulate the precipitate. Titrate the excess silver nitrate with 0.02
N ammonium thiocyanate solution until a permanent faint reddish brown colour
appears. Note down the volume (Y) of ammonium thiocyanate used.

110
 Procedure for Acid Soluble Chloride
Weigh about 1000 +/- 5 g of the fresh mortar or concrete sample in a 2 litre
capacity beaker and add 50 ml of 6 N nitric acid and 450 ml of distilled water
(chloride free) after stirring for few Minutes. Stir the mixture vigorously for 15
minutes. After allowing the mixture to stand for 10 to 15 minutes for settling,
decant about 200 ml of the supernatant solution into a clean dry 250 ml capacity
beaker. Immediately, filter the solution through Watman filter paper No.1 and
collect the filterate.

Pipette 50 ml of filtrate in a 250 ml capacity conical flask. Add 5 ml of 6 N

nitric acid. Add a known volume ( X ) preferably 25 ml of standard silver nitrate
solution. Add 1 ml ferric alum and 5 ml of nitrobenzene. Shake vigorously to
coagulate the precipitate. Titrate the excess silver nitrate with 0.02 N ammonium
thiocyanate solution until a permanent faint reddish brown colour appears. Note
down the volume (Y) of ammonium thiocyanate used.
(l) Calculation
Calculate the percentage of chloride(acid soluble/water soluble) by mass of mortar
or concrete as follows:
Chloride, percent = 0.0007 1 (X –
Y), Where
X = volume of silver nitrate added, in ml; and
Y = volume of 0.02 N ammonium thiocyanate consumed.
Note: Interference of silver chloride particles (which are generated in situ) in
titration by reacting with thiocyanants can be avoided by the addition of
nitrobenzenes which forms a film on silver chloride particles.

111
 Check Lists for quality assurance

Details to be obtained by QA team

1.0 Particulars of work

1.1 (a)Name of work
(b)Description of work
1.2 (a) Sub-Division and name of Assistant Engineer
(b) Division and name of Executive Engineer
(c) Circle and name of Superintending Engineer
(d) Zone and name of Chief Engineer
1.3 Agency/Contractor
(a) Name
(b) Registration Class
1.4 Agreement No.
1.5 Stipulated time and date of start
1.6 Stipulated time and date of completion
1.7 (a) Estimated cost put to tender
(b) Schedule of rates applicable
1.8 Accepted tendered cost with overall percentage
1.9 Percentage progress at time of inspection vis a vis expected as
per contract and reasons for delay, if any:
1.10 Inspecting officers (Name & Designation)
1.11 Officers and contractor present during inspection
(Name & Designation)
1.12 Date of Inspection
2.0 Quality Control aids:
2.1 Is site equipped with
(a) Copy of agreement
(b) CPWD Specification/ along with (up to date) correction
slips:
(c) List of ISI marked/approved materials to be used:
(d) Guard File containing inspection reports of CTE/
QCTA/AE/QC)/CE/SE etc.
(e) Testing facilities to check conformations to acceptance
criteria
(f) QACW Circulars on Quality Control
2.2 Is field laboratory existing and well equipped?
3.0 Departmental procedure aspects:
3.1 Maintenance of Inspection register
3.2 Highlights of inspection by CE, SE, AE (P) requiring
compliance.
3.3 Are Test Registers maintained in standard forms?
3.4 Are test Register reviewed by EE/SE with dates?
3.5 Cement Register:
(a) Is cement store checked by AE/EE periodically
asstipulated?
(b) Comment on cement stock with reference to cement
register:
3.6 Site Order Book and Schedule of defects:
(a) Is Site Order Book Properly maintained?
(b) Is the Site Order Book reviewed by EE and SE? (Mention
details)
(c) Have timely notices been issued to the contractor with the

112
 schedule of defects/ damages and date of compliance?
In case of failure to rectify defects/damages whether
action under clause 14/17 initiated?
4.0 Process control aspects:
4.1 Is soil investigation done? (give brief details)
4.2 Suitability of water for construction
(a) What is the source of water?
(b) Has water been tested and approved by Engineer-in-charge
before construction?
(c)Has water been tested subsequently (i.e after every 3
months) and found fit for use in works?
4.3 Are 10% (25% for concrete) of all samples for testing taken in
presence of EE as per DG(W)’s OMNo.28/7/86-WI(DG),
Circular No. 9/87 dated 1.9.1987/6.10.1987
4.4 Are all mandatory tests carried out at stipulated frequency?
4.5 Are materials approved by Engineer-in-charge? If so, are
samples available at site?
4.6 Are sample units/items completed and approved by EE before
start of mass finishing work?
4.7 Specific control on RCC work like centering/shuttering,
proportioning with boxes: mixing by full bag capacity hopper
fed mixer: control of slump: placing/compaction with vibrator:
4.8 Any other particular comments on adequacy of process
control:
5.0 Site Inspection for observation and comments on Quality
Control system in place:
5.1

5.2 Observation on floors slope (especially in Bath, WC, Kitchen,

Terrace, Balcony etc.)
5.3 Observation on QC for dampness/leakages prevention.
If dampness/leakages noticed, then state locations and probable
reasons.
5.4 Samples collected by QC Core/Cell
6.0 Observations on site material QC aspects. (Keeping in view
the requirement of contract specifications: BIS marked/CPWD
approved products etc.)
(Attached separate sheet, if required)
7.0 Observations on workmanship QC aspects.(attached separate
sheet, if required)
8.0 Test audit of R/A bill:
(Indicate RA bill no., gross amount, Vr. No. and date)
8.1 Deviation in Quantities. (Modified vide OM DG/MAN/290 dt
01.10.2013)
a) Whether deviation in quantities noticed?
b) If so, the reason there of and whether prior approval of
competent authority has been obtained before allowing
deviations?
c) Whether revised T/S is required due to these deviation? If
yes, the action taken
8.2 Items not conforming to specifications:
a) Whether notice was issued as specified in contact?
b) Whether approval in principle was obtained from competent
authority before acceptance of sub-standard work?

113
8.3 Extra/substitute items: (Modified vide OM DG/MAN/290 dt
01.10.2013)
a) Are justification of item in remark column of EI/SI proper?
b) Whether prior approval of competent authority for
execution of EI/SI has been obtained before execution?
c) Whether sanction of competent authority issued?
8.4 Part Rates- whether rates held back are adequate?
8.5 Comments on secured advance paid with reference to
materials lying atsite.
8.6 Test check by AE/EE
a) Critical item:
b) Hidden items:
c) Extent (whether satisfactory?)
8.7 Any other observation?
(The observation made about quality of material and
workmanship relate to only what could be randomly seen at
location specified. Executive Engineer and supervisory staff
shall thoroughly inspect the entire work for such defects as
observed as well as for other defects and take suitable
remedial measures properly. The Executive Engineer shall be
responsible for accepting any defective work that went
unnoticed but pointed out during such inception.)
8.8 Progress of work and programme chart (Modified vide OM
DG/MAN/290 dt 01.10.2013)
a) Whether progress of work is as per stipulated milestone/
approved revised milestone? If no action taken by EE.
b) Whether contractor has submitted the programme to
complete various activities of work within stipulated date
of completion as per contract condition duly accepted by
EE?
c) Whether monthly progress report submitted by contractor
as per programme submitted has been certified by JE/AE
and reviewed by EE/SE?
d) Any notice under clause3(a),(b) or (c) for inordinate
delays has been issued or not. If yes. The action taken by
EE.

114
9. Check for Quality Assurance

115
CHEK LISTS FOR EXAMINATION OF BUILDING WORKS(CIVIL)

I.-----EARTH WORK

1. Classification of soil
2. General quality of work, lines, levels, dressing of sides and bottom etc.
3. Whether levels made up by filling in beds of foundations.
4. Disposal and Leads.
5. Check up the place of disposal, if necessary.
[[

II.---CONCRETE WORK – (Generally in foundation & under floors.)

1. Quality and size of coarse aggregate, whether the metal is over size whether the same
contains disintegrated or soft pieces. Whether it is mixed with earth or other foreign
matter. Sieve analysis record to be seen.
2. Quality of sand. Record of fineness modulus and silt content.
3. Strength of concrete by physical examination or texture and resistance to picking by a
sharp instrument.
4. Thickness of concrete by making trial pits.
5. General quality of work, lines, levels etc. Honey-combing of surface.
6. Curing arrangements.
7. Mixing of mortar / concrete, whether done by hand or by machine vis-à-vis the
contractual provisions.

III -- R.C.C. WORK

1. Same as for concrete work (sub-head II above )

2. Cube tests register.
3. If agreement items provide for finishing the exposed surface, It is to be checked
whether finishing has been done or deduction is made in lieu thereof.
4. Whether the concrete was mechanically vibrated.
5. Record of slump.
6. Finishing of expansion joints.
7. Hacking of the surface of R.C.C. work
8. Gauge of binding wire and whether it has been used al all intersection of
reinforcement.
9. Spacings and hooks in reinforcing rods.
10. Overlaps in reinforcement. Whether suitably staggered and of required length.
11. Cover blocks at the bottom of reinforcement.
12. Whether reinforcement found exposed on removal of forms.
13. Classification of R.C.C. items.
14. Rigidity, evenness and lines and levels of the centering and shuttering for R.C.C.
work.
15. Diameter of ballies used, cross-bracing wedging etc. for centering and shuttering.
16. In the case of multistoried buildings, whether lower floors were suitably supported
while casting the roof of upper floors.

116
17. Whether the thickness of finishing on R.C.C. surface is excessive, trueness to design,
dimensions and quality and quantity of mortar used for making up the trueness and
consequent departure from design and dimensions.
18. Whether steel used for reinforcement tested.
19. Design of centering / shutting for floor height more then 3.50 m for safety.
20. In the case of controlled concrete whether special provision for it as per detailed
specifications was kept in view while executing the work.
21. Whether throating, moulding and drips to chajjas provided.
22. Whether noising in steps provided.
23. Finish of RCC shelves with special attention to underside trueness, to dimensions,
thickness uniformity, strength of rendering done, lines and levels.

IV. BRICK WORK

1. Quality of bricks
2. Strength of mortar
3. Quality of sand. Record of fineness modulus and silt content.
4. Mixing of mortar, whether, done by hand or by machine vis-à-vis the contractual
provisions
5. Curing arrangements
6. Raking of joints
7. Soaking of bricks in tanks
8. General quality of works, lines, levels, thickness and trueness of joints etc.
9. Whether cut brick corners provided in brick-on-edge in top courses of plinths etc.
10. Whether joints of bricks were fully filled with mortar, specially the stretch or joints of
9” walls
to be checked.
11. Type of scaffolding vis-à-vis the specifications.
12. Reinforcement in brick partitions
13. Whether cross walls properly bonded with long walls.
14. Whether thickness of joints excessive.

V. STONE WORK

1. Quality of stones.
2. Same as items 2,3,4,5,6,8 and 14 of S.H brick work above.
3. Whether joints fully filled with mortar
4. Whether required number of bond stones provided and suitably marked.
5. Bushing in stones.
6. Height of individual stones as compared to the width on face or the depth inwards
7. Cramps and dowels provided(dimensions and material) for stone lining/venerring
8. Whether edges of marble lining table rubbed.
9. Whether the dressing of various types of stone work as per specifications, specially at
jambs, corner sills etc
10. The extent of use of spalls in the joints.

117
vi. Wood Work.

1. Classifications of timber.
2. Timber to be free from cracks, shakes, dead-knots, etc. as laid down in the
specifications for various classes.
3. If contract provides for kiln seasoning, whether this was done in an approved kiln.
Name of kiln and order of Engineer–in-charge regarding prior approval thereof.
Checking of moisture contents at site.
4. General quality of work, lines, levels, finish
5. Whether appropriate joints provided for joining various members neat and strong;
whether joints are secured with bamboo / hardwood pins.
6. Whether dimensions of various members are within land down tolerance.
7. Whether portions of timber coming in contact with masonry treated with coaltar or
some other wood preservative.
8. Size of hold-fasts in door and window frames.
9. Plaster rebates in door and window frames, where required.
10. Thickness and dimensions panel in door and window shutters..
11. Thickness of glass panes and quality of glass.
12. Fittings for doors and windows, hinges, aldrops, tower, bolts, locks, handles, door
closer etc.
13. Size of screws for fixing of various fittings.
14. Whether glass panes fixed with wooden beading.
15. Whether layer of putty provided between glass panes and sash bars and between
glass panes and beadings.
16. Quantity of putty-beading used.
17. Quantity of flush-door shutters, whether tested as per ISI quantity and dimensions of
timber used for wooden frame; quality of plywood, quality of glueing; whether
wooden strips glued to each other; whether peep holes and holes made in the factory
and providing on the inside of holes.
18. Quality of planning and sand papering prior to painting.

Vii --STEEL WORK

1. Quality of steel--- whether tested or untested.

2. Whether priming coat given on steel work is as per specification. Quality of primer
used and reference to approval of the make and brand.
3. General workmanship, lines, levels, finish
4. Dimensions of various members.
5. Whether holes drilled or punched.
6. Shape of river heads.
7. Whether welding fillets well formed and filed
8. Thickness of sheets in collapsible doors etc.
9. Whether steel doors and windows prepared from standard sections, both as regards size
and make.
10. Whether metal beading in steel doors and windows provided where specified. In case
where glass panes are to be fixed with putty, whether metal putty used and glazing clips
provided. Quality of putty used.
11. Fitting of steel doors and windows.
12. Whether fixed and open able steel windows paid for separately and properly.
13. Whether bolts for steel work dipped in linseed oil.
14. Whether molten lead used round verticals of railings fixed in concrete if so specified.

118
viii. --- FLOORING

1. Quality of materials—some checks as for cement concrete and brick work.

2. Whether terrazzo tiles pre-tested for abrasion and strength
3. Strength of concrete used in floor.
4. Thickness of floors
5. Thickness of tiles or stone slabs where applicable
6. Sizes of panels.
7. Whether joints in panels continued through borders and skirting.
8. General workmanship, lines and levels and cracks.
9. Curing arrangements.
10. Special check of levels, thickness of joints and finish for costly floors, like terrazzo tiles
flooring marble slab flooring, glazed tile flooring and kotah stone flooring.
11. Whether edges of kotah stone and marble slabs table rubbed.
12. Record of metallic concrete hardener where applicable.
13. Any hollow sound ,when tapped.
14. Proper slope in flooring.

ix—ROOFING AND CEILING

1. Quantity of various materials

2. General workmanship, lines and levels.
3. Thickness of sheets.
4. Fixing arrangements of sheets. Whether the screws and other fastenings are as per
specifications.
5. Thickness of mud phuska, whether straw and gobre used in plaster over mud-phuska.
6. Slope in flat roof terraces.
7. Strength of mortar in tile brick flooring on roof terraces.
8. Strength in mortar in gola and drip course
9. Size and quantity of brick ballast used in lime concrete terraces.
10. Whether lime putty used in lime concrete terrace. Quality of lime-grade and tests of
lime-putty for carbonation(when loss of strength of mortar is noticed.)
11. Size of rain water pipes.
12. Whether rain water pipes painted from inside.
13. Weight of quantity of bitumen felts for water proofing work; tests of samples, for
comparison with ISI for larger works.

x--- FINISHING

1. Quality of materials, fineness modulus of sand

2. Thickness of plaster
3. Strength of mortar
4. Whether mortar mixed by hand or by machine, vis-à-vis the provisions of the contract.
5. General quality of work, lines, levels and surface finish.
6. Glazed tile dados—modular co-ordination of broken tiles to fix fittings.
7. Types of paints—whether they conform to specifications or brands approved by the
Department.
8. Paint register and account of empty tins.
9. Whether lime putty used in case of lime plaster.
10. Whether surface properly prepared before painting.

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XI--- WATER SUPPLY AND SANITARY INSTALLATIONS

1. Sanitary fixtures—dimensions, approval of brand, compliances with ISI specifications.

2. HCL and CI pipes—dimensions, weights, makes, standard of finish, whether pipes
coated with approved anti-corrosive treatment at the factory, class of CI pipes.
3. GI pipes—class, sizes, weight, makes, standard of finish.
4. Water supply fittings, weights, makes, standard of finish compliance with ISI
specifications.
5. Lead connection pipes—sizes, weights etc.
6. Flushing cisterns—whether floats made of copper, if so specified, whether cisterns
painted with bitumastic pain on the inside.
7. Sizes of brackets for wash basins, sinks and flushing cisterns.
8. MS clamps for fixing HCL pipes-size of MS flat and whether clamps fixed in cement
concrete blocks.
9. Whether traps provided with in wash-hand basins and sinks.
10. Quantity and quality of lead in pipe joints.
11. Dimensions of trenches for laying pipes; and filling/bedding.
12. Water storage tanks- thickness of sheet, sizes of tanks, sizes of various fittings, whether
covers are mosquite proof, whether tanks painted with a priming coat lead on the
outside and with two coats of bitumastic paint on the inside.
13. Quantity and quality of concrete under and around sewer lines—same checks as for
cement under sub-head II above.
14. Quantity and quality of brickwork and plaster in manhole chambers-same checks as for
sub-head IV and X above.
15. Quantity of RCC work-same as for sub-head III above.
16. Manhole covers. road gully gratings etc. weights, make and finish.
17. Hume pipes, class, makes, and finish-whether they conform to ISI specifications.
18. Stone-ware pipes; makes dimensions and finish-whether they conform to IS
specifications.
19. Testing of joints of water lines, sewers etc.
20. Whether tarred gasket of hemp yarn soaked in thick cement slurry used in joints of
stone ware pipes.
21. Refilling of trenches of pipes –consolidation of earth.
22. Depth of channels and benching in manholes.
23. General quantity of work, lines, levels etc.
24. Earthwork in saturated soil—data regarding sub-soil water conditions.
25. Record of pumping hours when work done under water.
26. Record regarding use of water-proofing compound.
27. Tests; checking of inverts: checking of chokages: reduced flow etc.-checking of water-
tightness of joints and manholes where work done under sub-soil water conditions.

XII---GENERAL INFORMATIONSAny major substitutions? whether substitutions

worked to the advantage of contractor. Last running bill may be examined for this purpose.

1. Whether supervisory staff employed by the contractor as per terms of the contract.
2. Whether various items of the agreement overlap each other.
3. Whether all the provisions in various items(specially lump-sum items) of the contract
kept is views, while executing the work.
4. Whether the progress of work as per time schedule laid down in clause 2; if not, the
reasons therefor.
5. Any cracks noticed in slabs, beams, brickwork, plaster, flooring etc.

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 MANDATORY TEST PROFORMA

PROFORMA 1

STATEMENT OF TESTS OF MATERIALS

s. Brief Qty Descri Qty Descri Frequ Test Te Tes Sa Sa Sta If

N Descri Exec ption of ption ency Requ st t mpl mpl tus fail
o. ption uted of Mat of of ired do don e e of ed
of Materi erial Test Test ne e take take Tes act
Item al Use fro n by n by t ion
d m AE EE Res tak
outs ult en
ide Pas
lab s/
Fai
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PROFORMA 2

SAMPLE APPROVAL REGISTER

S. Description Date of Physical Chemical Signature of Approved

No. of material taking parameter parameters Cont. JE & by EE/SE
sample AE

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10. Common observations/ issues

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 SALIENT POINTS
Earth work

2.0 The earth work is normally classified as of ordinary-soil, hard-soil, soft-rock and hard-
rock.

The ordinary soil is a soft variety, whereas hard-soil, requires application of pick-axe,
at close intervals. In a contract it was seen that the quality of excavation in hard-soil had
unduly increased with a corresponding reduction in case of ordinary soil. However, no record
was maintained to show how the classification of soil was done and by whom. This precaution
of properly classifying soil is very much necessary as the contractors stand to gain when the
soils are not properly classified.

2.1 In a work, most of the hard-rock obtained from excavation was paid as removed and
disposed off. However, no record to indicate where and how much quality was disposed off
was maintained. It was found out later that the contractor had installed a crusher very near the
site where the rock in excavation was transported and rushed and the aggregate so obtained
was utilized by the contractor in the work. The remedy in such matter would be that the site
staff has to be vigilant. It should take necessary action to see that any rock which is paid as
disposed off is really disposed off by the contractor and not mis-appropriated.

2.2 In one of the bridge works, it was seen that the area for sinking wells of 30 to 40 sq. m.
was indicated in the schedule of quantities. In the actual contracts, the area was 25 to 30 sq. m.
It is necessary that whenever any specific dimensions are mentioned, in the contract,
agreement, all the supporting conditions should be in consonance with the contract conditions.

Cement Concrete Work

3.0 Cement concrete flooring as laid sounded hollow at corners and at junctions. Reasons
for the hollow sound is obviously some portion of the flooring being separated out from its
base.

3.1 In the case of RCC in cup-board, shelves, normally the underside is not finished
smooth.

3.2 It was observed that bed block which were intended to be provided in the RC beam had
width equal to that of the beam. This mistake indicate ignorance on the part of site staff in as
much as there is no reason to provide bed block of equal width of the beam. The basic function
of a bed block is to be spread the load from the beam over a large area of the masonry. With a
bed block of width equal to that of the beam this basic function is vitiated.

3.3 Contract stipulated use of mechanical mixer and vibrator for the concrete work. There
was no record to show that these plants were brought by the contractor at site and utilized for
the work. Mechanically mixed concrete is much better than hand-mixed concrete. As such it is
necessary that such stipulation of use of mechanical means for mixing and placement of
concrete are insisted upon.

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3.4 In a work, water for construction and chemical for anti-termite treatment was not tested.
This is fraught with danger as water for construction might be absolutely unsuitable for
concrete work and chemical might not be proper.

3.5 In the case of chajjas and other projecting structures, the projection provided for
throating should be made in concrete. In place of making the projection in the concrete, the
same was provided by plaster. Making throating by plaster will not be long-lasting and it is
necessary that the throating is prepared in concrete itself while casting.

3.6 In the concrete, gravel/shingle was utilized in place crushed stone specified. A part
from the strength characteristics, shingle requires less cement to be utilized in the concrete,
compared to the crushed stone aggregate. This salient aspect was forgotten and the cement
constants normally used for calculation of cement consumption in case of concrete with
Crushed stone aggregate were also adopted in the case of concrete with shingle.

R.C.C. Work

4.0 It was observed that mild-steel railing in stair-case had been done by casting bottom
end of the rod in a separate concrete block. There was no bond between the concrete block and
the R stair-case; the stair case railing had separated out.

4.1 RCC beam was found to be sagging and the slope provided in the balcony was reverse.

4.2 The steel reinforcement for RCC column was not in proper position and the entire case
work was found twisted and not equidistant from the shuttering surface.

4.3 It was observed that the RCC work had the following defects :

(1) The sections of the RCC were less when compared to the sections as indicated on the
structural drawing.

(2) The cover on the reinforcement was not of uniform width.

(3) The shape of the beam with its junction with column was not of uniform shape and
the junction point between the column and the beam was found to be hollow to a
large extent and the reinforcement was exposed.

4.4 During detailed inspection of the work, it was seen that ground floor columns in the
foundations below were not rendered. On an impression that these columns would not be seen,
no proper shuttering was done.

4.5 Balcony parapet in the railings was not in line and levels and beams had bulged.

4.6 RCC water tank which is cast at site was not cast with outlet and drain pipe pieces.
These pipes were being fixed at site later on, which would be a constant source of leakage and
trouble.

4.7 In a foundation work, piles, were to be utilized and a record of the cement-concrete
utilized individual pile wise was to be kept. Such record was not kept with the result that in
many piles necking had occurred which could not be detected till the piles failed.

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4.8 In the specifications for RCC work, centering to the lower slabs when upper slabs have
to be cast was provided for. However, this condition was not adhered to in practice. This
precaution is necessary especially when the lower slab on which centering / shuttering rests is
not mature enough to take the load of the wet concrete shuttering / centering people working
on the concrete job etc.

4.9 The support provided for centering / shuttering was short in length and smaller in
diameter compared to the provisions made in the specifications. The RCC work requires
intense supervision.

Brick Work

5.0 In a work, bricks were not tested for efflorescence test. Large amount of efflorescence
action was noticed in the brick work. Efflorescence on a brick work can be harmful to the brick
work as well as to the plaster work etc. on account of salt content, if action is not taken in right
time.

5.1 The following defects were noticed in a work :

(1) Joints in the brick work were thicker than specified.

(2) Brick-course at the top of the plinth, cill and at the top of the wall below the
roof slab were required to be set with brick on edge. This was not done.

(3) Raking of joints in brick work was not done properly.

(4) Joints in the brick work below the ground level were not finished flush as work
proceeded.

(5) There were gaps between the door and window frames and the brick work.

The above defects indicate that much closer supervision is needed to be done
when the brick work is in progress.

5.2 The half-brick work was required to be reinforced by hoop iron reinforcements. The
same was not done. Un-reinforced half-brick wall can be utilized only upto certain dimensions,
after which it requires to be reinforced. Hence non-reinforcing of the half-brick work is
structurally incorrect.

5.3 In a brick work, the following defects are frequently noticed:

(1) The bricks used are of substandard quality.

(2) The mortar used in the brick work is not fully filled in the vertical joints.

(3) Mortar has not attained strength.

(4) Mortar for brick work is mixed manually in lieu of using a mechanical mixer as
specified.

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 (5) Soaking of bricks in water is not done properly and water is only lightly
sprinkled on stack of bricks.

(6) Efflorescence damage on the brick work is seen.

(7) Brick layers are not laid in level.

Stone Masonry

6.0 During examination of the contract, the following defects were seen :

(1) Joins in the stone masonry below the ground level were not finished flush as the
work preceded. Many of the joints are left hollow.

(2) Percentage of chips utilized in the hearting of random rubble and course
masonry was much in excess of those specified in the specifications. No attempt
was made by the staff to regulate use of these chips.

(3) Joints on the face of the wall were much more than the maximum width of the
joints specified in the contract.

(4) The joints of quoins and jamb were not dressed as specified.

(5) The bushing were much in excess of the allowable limit.

6.1 The surface undulations of the exposed face of chisel-dressed stone work in Plain
Ashlar Cyclopean were more than the permissible limit of 1 mm. as specified in the agreement.
It was stated by the site formation that with the workmen available, it was not possible to stick
to the limit as specified in the agreement. Better way would have been prepare sample pieces
of stone work and get it approved instead of embarking on a large scale stone dressing
programme.

Wood Work

7.0 The thickness of the shutters provided for doors and windows was found to be
generally less than specified.

7.1 During inspection of a works, it was seen that in the window shutters. The joints were
found to be opening out, sockets had not been provided for sliding and tower bolts. A gap
existed between the window frame and the lintel soffit which was filed in by a plaster. Grills
were not fitted properly in the wooden frame.

7.2 In a building under construction, the door frames had not been fixed earlier to the
raising of the brick work. On account of this, it was observed that there were gaps upto 75 mm.
width between door frame and the brick work. These gaps were filled up with brick bats and
mortar which is not correct.

7.3 In one of the works inspected, it was found that the contractor had used some bad,
knotty and rotting wooden planks for platform work and covered the defects up from vision

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with plank pieces from bottom nailed up. The departmental staff had not exercised thorough
check up as the planking erected at site presented a good look on the top surface.

7.4 In the item of wood work shutters, it is normally specified that cleats and blocks which
are utilized for keeping the shutter in position and for avoiding banging of shutter at the rear
side on the wall are included in the rate. Therefore, if any other arrangement is utilized,
necessary cost adjustment has to be made.

7.5 For the grill, M.S. bar with flat was specified. However, the welding was not proper
and it looked rough and ugly. Excess weld were not removed.

7.6 In the case of flush door, it was seen that the core members were not bonded with
synthetic resin and lipping as was mentioned in the agreement.

This is a case of improper and bad manufacture.

7.7 Tower bolts, bow-handles, peg-stays were found to be under-size. This is a defect,
which arises out of improper purchase of fittings by the contractor for which prior approval of
the sample by the engineer is the only remedy.

7.8 The contract stipulated that the timber required for the work shall be kiln-seasoned.
During site examination, it was observed that neither the testing with regard to the moisture
content had been carried out nor the site staff got a certificate from the seasoning kilns that
seasoning of timber was done for the contract.

The availability of timber is very poor now-a-days. As such secondary species of

timber are utilized. These timbers are not stable without proper seasoning. Hence, it is very
much necessary that while utilizing these timber, proper care is taken.

7.9 Instead of 64 to 85 mesh per sq. in mesh wire gauge coarse wire-gauge of 48 meshes
per sq. inches were utilised.

7.10 With the scarcity of good seasoned timer, secondary species timber is being used
extensively. Specifications to the contract indicates that the timber should have specified
moisture content.

In spite of very clear cut provision for moisture content of the timber, the site staff was
not in possession of moisture meter for measuring moisture content. In many cases, the
moisture metres were not in working order. Stipulation in a contract without proper machinery
to get it executed and checked is of little use.

7.11 Sockets of Mortise plates were not provided where shoots of the board entered wood-
work/brick work. The iron mongery was not oxidized even though specified.

Wire gauge fixed for wire-gauge shutters was not of the specified mesh.

Butt hinges were shorter in width and of thinner gauge.

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 It is very necessary that the fittings which are specified in the contract are duly
approved before use. There are many types of fittings available in the market and due care by
the site staff in selection of fittings in terms of contract is necessary.

7.12 In the doors, angle iron frames were utilized. This frames were out of plump by almost
1 cm. The steel frame being a thin member, it is necessary that due care is taken while fixing
the same. If due care is not taken, the frame is likely to get out of shape and the door frame is
likely to crack on this account.

7.13 Putty was not provided or was provided in patches while fixing glass. This gave rise to
rattling of window panes. Detailed supervision is necessary.

7.14 The wire gauge shutters were stipulated. However, the wire gauge in the panels had not
been fixed by way of double fold as required under the specifications. A single fold wire gauge
is likely to come out when pressed.

7.15 In a work, cellular core flush door of 38 and 28 mm. thickness were to be provided for
the cupboards. Before installation of these doors, necessary test according to Indian Standards
was not carried out. During the test, the shutter failed in respect of adhesion test.

It is very much necessary that test to check whether the manufactured article conformed
to relevant I.S. should be done before they are utilized.

Steel Work

8.0 It was observed that the grills were not of proper shaped uniform geometrical pattern.
Proper welding was also not done.

8.1 Steel windows of standard sections were specified. The steel windows provided at site
were of non-standard sections which were thinner than the requisite standard. Thinner sections
of the leaf are likely to have lesser life when compared to thicker sections.

8.2 The contract indicated that the steel windows shall conform to IS-1038/1968. It was
noticed that the IS provisions were not followed.

8.3 Hidden surface in steel trusses were not found to be painted before fabrication.

In the manufacture of the steel members, it is necessary that all surfaces are given a
coat of paint before they are fabricated. It is impossible to paint these surfaces once the
members are fabrication as the surfaces a butting each other cannot be painted later on.
Painting of a steel surface is a Science by itself and knowledge has to be gained by the site-
staff in understanding the intricacies of steel painting.

Flooring

9.0 The terrazzo-flooring, dado and skirting were not polished properly thereby giving a
dull appearance. For polishing of the floors, the correct practice of using finer and finer grades
of carborandom stones has to be followed with the repair of the surface. If the final surface
contains many scratches, dust settles in these scratches and the entire appearance is dull.

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9.1 The special type of acid-resisting flooring was specified. The tiles used in the flooring
were found to be of interior quality and were functionally not suitable. Any specific
requirement which is technically necessary is required to be carefully seen by the site-staff
before executing work.

9.2 In the terrazzo-tile following, the abrasion value of the terrazzo tile was not found out.
Abrasion resistance of a terrazzo tile floor is one of the important qualities expected.

Roof Work

10.0 The drip course in brick was found mostly broken and no throating was provided in the
brick.

10.1 The following defects were noticed in A.C. sheet roofing:

(1) Old J-bolts were used instead of new ones.

(2) Bitumen washers used in the AC sheet roofing were of lesser diameter and J-
washers were thinner.

(3) Holes in the AC sheets were punched instead of drilling.

Proper drilling of the AC sheets roofing has to be followed; otherwise leakages occur.

10.2 Rain water pipe in the iron rain water pipe joints, spun yarn soaked in bitumen were not
used for jointing. This is likely to give rise to a defective joint. Lead caulked joints for these
pipes lines were found to be deficient in lead. These defects require intense supervision.

10.3 The work consisted of providing water proofing with tarfelt.

During inspection it was observed that the felt was not properly embedded in the
vertical walls. It was also not laid properly in rain water pipes / spouts and in many places the
work done was not in one plane and lot of depressions were visible in which water could
stagnate. As a result of these in spite of providing water-proofing layer, leakages were
observed.

10.4 Water proofing felt is required to be properly inserted in a chase in the vertical face of
the wall. This was not done in many places which resulted in a clear joint between the vertical
face of the wall and the horizontal face of the roof. The water leakage is observed.

Proper attention to details is absolutely necessary.

10.5 Roofing provided was of mud phuska with broken tiles were utilized on the terrace
thereby increasing the width of the joint and the number of joints. This is not a good practice
and strict supervision is called for.

Painting

11.0 The following items are normally seen as not painted.

(i) Top and bottom edges of shutters;

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 (ii) Fan hooks in ceiling;

(iii) Rebuts in jointing and unexposed surface of beads in glozing.

(iv) Wind ties. The surface of wood work are also not sand paper smooth before
painting.

11.1 General finish of the plaster work was poor and many columns and beams were not in
line and level.

Road Work

12.0 During the inspection of a road work, it was seen that the cross sections for the original
ground level were not plotted and whatever plotting was done was only in pencil. There was no
level book properly authorized and the note book which was being utilized for entering ground
level was not authorized by the Executive Engineer. There were no level and alignment piers
provided. The toe-line of the embankment was not marked properly.

12.1 In a road work, the overall thickness of the water-bound macadam including sub-base
was less than the specified minimum thickness required for the work. Whenever thickness of
the road crust is mentioned, it is very much necessary that this thickness of the road curst with
the proper density is obtained. Otherwise, the road is likely to have a failure earlier than it
would have been normally projected.

12.2 In a work of a water-bank macadam, without rolling the loose stone aggregate, the
screenings were spread. It was also observed that specified number of rolling operations were
not carried out even after application of screening.

12.3 In a water bound macadam layer, compacted thickness of water bound macadam layer
was more than specified. This is indicative of insufficient compaction.

12.4 The pre-mixed carpet thickness is always indicated in the contract documents. For
example, laying of 40 mm. thick pre-mix bitumen on concrete road. The site-examination
revealed that the thickness was less at many place thereby indicating that proper care was not
taken to find out the extent of compression which occurs when the bitumen carpet is rolled. It
shows how a contractor can derive undue benefit by providing substandard work.

12.5 In a case of road-work, were dense asphalt concrete was specified to be used as a
wearing course, the mix was designed. The bitumen / asphalt percentage was expected to be
5% of the total weight of the mix. The India Road Congress Code allows for 0.3 variation in
the percentage of asphalt on account of variation in the mixing process and laying process. The
contractor had, however, adjusted the mix at 5(-) 0.3 = 4.7 in the mechanical plant; thereafter at
site when the mix was checked, it was found that it contained asphalt content of 4.1% or 4.2%.
The contractor intended to get substantial benefit by way of less use of asphalt.

12.6 During inspection of work, it was observed that there were no alignment or control line
pillar for the bridge as well as for the well foundations under sinking.

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 The gauge marks on the well foundations were not properly marked nor were they
visible. Improper gauge marks will lead to inaccurate assessment of tilt and shift of the well.
The earth work which was carried out for excavation in placing of well kerb was placed from
cross-sections, which contained usual position of wells. Whenever cross sections of earth work
is the basis of payment, it is necessary that the records are properly made.

12.7 In the case of road work, the materials were not tested for impact value and flakiness
index. These are very important tests for any aggregate which is utilized in a road work.

12.8 Sometimes the contract provides for the arrangement of bitumen to be made by the
contractor directly from various stockiest / suppliers. In a number of cases fictitious vouchers
are produced for purchase of the bitumen. In many cases vouchers are not produced. This
indicates laxity on the part of the site staff.

Water Supply / Plumbing / Sanitary Work

13.0 The following defects were noticed:-

(1) Clamps for fixing pipes are under-weight.

(2) Lead connections of wash-basins were under-weight.

(3) Less quantity of pig-lead utilized in the joints of pipes. Salt-glazed stone ware pipes
were not of class ‘A’ or ‘AA’ as needed.

(4) Ball valves provided are under-weight.

(5) Mosquito proof coupling are not provided to overflow pipe.

(6) G.I. pipe utilized are of light grade or off grade.

(7) Soil waste, vent pipes are not fixed with holder bat clamps.

(8) Bib-cocks and stop-cocks are under-weight

(9) Cowls are simply placed over vent pipes and they are not jointed.

13.1 Holder-bat clamps were not provided for fittings and where these were provided, they
were not of proper weight.

G.I. pipe lines were not provided with unions near stop-cocks.

The shower rose provided were of sheet brass instead of cost-brass heavy pattern.

G.I. pipes were not tested.

Cement mortar was not provided upto full depth in joints or pipes and fittings.

Concrete for fixing gully trap was less in depth.

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13.2 For proper function of the floor trap, a seal of water not less than 50 mm. is stipulated.
In many cases, of the floor traps, such seal was not checked before installation. As such many
fittings with 0 to 10 mm. seal were seen.

13.5 Gutties and plugs fixed to the wall were not set in mortar although specified. This
makes the gutties shaky in course of time. Proper size of the gutties and the shape of the gutties
was also not insisted upon. This defect indicates incompetent supervision.

13.6 Water from over-flow of the tank was not properly led to the outlet. As such it had
damaged the water proofing treatment. It had further caused seepage from the underside of the
roof slab on the top floor.

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11. Do’s and Don’ts for Field Engineers

133
 Sub Head DO’s Don’ts

1.0 FOUNDATION AND EARTHWORK:

1.1 Have a permanent Bench mark at site w.r.t. G.T.S.
1.2 Record Initial Ground levels w.r.t. G.T.S.
1.3 Level plan to be acknowledged by contractor and E.E. Do not test check levels jointly.
1.4 Stack, earth minimum 1 M or ½ of depth of foundation away from trench
whichever is more.
1.5 Before actual execution, make trial pits to ensure that roughly soil condition
compares with soil investigation report.
1.6 Check water table & compare with soil investigation report and in case of
difference, take advice of Designer.
1.7 Transfer level to trench bottom.
1.8 Walk through trench before laying lean concrete to detect weak pockets.
1.9 Do not change depth of excavation on your own. In case of abnormal situation,
refer to structural Engineer.
1.10 Decide soil classification before measurement. Do not allow contractor to take away ordinary rock from
site of his own.
Do not resort to blasting in habituated area.
1.11 Do prepare lead chart for borrowing/disposal of earth. Do not forget to take levels of place where earth is
disposed.
1.12 Payment for disposed earth to be made with levels only restricted to lower of the Do not forget to deduct voids before making paying
quantity as assessed from excavation and from place where earth is disposed. payment for supply of earth.
Overall requirement/disposal of earth in a pocket to be reviewed by S.E. Do not make payment for earth work by truck load
measurements.
1.13 Keep minimum depth of excavation from Ground level as per structural drawing.
1.14 Filling inside and outside to be done simultaneously. Do not fill plinth till outside filled up to finish ground
level approximately.
1.15 Fill loose pocket/extra excavation done by mistake with lean concrete only.
1.16 Do full course antitermite treatment. Do not do part operation.
1.17 For deep excavation, cutting slopes/benching to be got approved from S.E.
1.18 Record water table before dewatering and get acknowledgment from the
contractor on M.B.
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1.19 For earth filling in pond, adopt only stack measurement with 20% void deduction.
1.20 Maintenance proper account of receipt and issue of the materials like hard rock.
1.21 To ensure refilling in proper layers, mark layers depth on foundation wall and Do not resort to RIS for filling specially under floors.
ensure filling for full block upto one level. Mark first and then for 2 nd, 3rd and so Do not keep flooring over soft rock filling/or organic
on after previous layer is properly watered and compacted. material, building rubbish filling.
1.22 In sloping ground keep horizontal distance between two footings equal to twice
the level difference. For wall along the slope, keep overlap of 3 cm.
PILE FOUNDATION:
1.23 For pile work, do all work with reduced levels w.r.t. cut off level.
1.24 Pile register to give details of size, Bulb, length water table, mix, slump, actual
cement consumption for each pile.
1.25 In case of controlled concrete, get the mix design done from reputed lab. Do not forget to test subsoil water and earth for SO3.
Do not change pile length at site due to filling. Structural
drawing must indicate final length below cut off level.
1.26 Remove top loose concrete, Anchor 5cm in the cap/grade beam. Do not cut reinforcement for routine load test.
1.27 Take one cube set for reach 5 Cum.
1.28 Have proper control on slump.
1.29 Must use Tremie if concreting done under sub-soil water.
RCC STRIP FOUNDATION:
1.30 Take care of proper cover and side shuttering.
BRICK FOUNDATION:
1.31 For brick work, refer subhead brick work.
2.0 CONCRETE:
2.1 Stack OPC/PPC cement separately and keep separate accounts.
2.2 Cement bag not to weigh less than 49 Kg.
2.3 Check quality and grading of coarse aggregates (deleterious material limit 5%)
after blending aggregates of different gauges in proper proportion.
2.4 Check silt content (Permissible 8%) and grading zone for sand.
2.5 Screen the sand for earth lump.
2.6 Use only hopper mixture. Do not use lean concrete with brick ballast in depressed
portion of floors of upper floors.
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2.7 Use only Standard measuring boxed of size 40*35*25 cm. Do not use excessive course sand to cover up improper
grading.
2.8 Keep mixing time 1 ½ to 2 minutes.
2.9 Have proper container for measuring water.
2.10 Flooring or masonary on concrete should be started only after 48 hours.
2.11 Repair honey combing immediately when the concrete is green. Do not use extra mortar on concrete surface.
2.12 Use icon rammer of proper weight (5 Kg.) for compaction of lean concrete.
3.0 FORM WORK:
3.1 Check verticality. Refer circular No. 60(QCC). Do not allow height of centring, shuttering in colur more
than 1.5m for one casting.
3.2 Check location of steel and cover for columns use 4X4cm cover blocks of same
mortar mix as concrete.
3.3 Check balli size dia 100 mm. at mid height and spacing 1.2 meter maximum. Do not use inclined ballies.
3.4 Check centring, shuttering for rigidity by providing diagonal and horizontal Do not allow casting of floor slab without approval
bracing. centring and shuttering by Executive Engineer.
Do not nail bamboos when use as bracing.
3.5 Brick pillar to be in Mud mortar. Do not support ballies over dry brick pillar. No brick
pillar is to be of height more than 40 cm.
3.6 Use double wedges below balli.
3.7 Double height centring/shuttering to be approved by S.E.
3.8 Check level of shuttering with levelling instrument. Poor lines & level of Do not cut bearing plaster to accommodate shuttering
shuttering is bound to spoil RCC. plate. The bearing plaster has to be in Cement Mortar 1:3,
curved for 3 days and has to have thick coat of line wash
over neat cement punning.
Do not remove shuttering before 7 days if slab span is
upto 4.5 m and before 14 days if more than 4.5 m.
3.9 Ensure, drawing indicates proper depression for sunken portion. Do not forget to provide level difference for depressed
RCC portion.
3.10 For beam, support side shuttering on bottom place. Do not remove shuttering before 14 days if span is upto
6m and after 21 days if span is upto 9M & for higher span
than 9M, 28 days for beams.
Do not remove shuttering for cantilever before counter
weight is there.
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3.11 Provide additional stripping time for shuttering if PPC is used (Reference Q.C.C.
circular 40 & 47).
3.12 Support lower floor before concreting on upper floor. Do not use undulated/damaged plates.
3.13 For beams & cantilever, support lower two floors. Check and then apply proper shuttering oil after cleaning
the shuttering place for each use.
3.14 Take extra care for shutter finish shuttering in respect of water tightness, surface Do not accept shutter finish shuttering at reduced rate,
pattern and stiffness. either it is shutter finish or ordinary.
4.0 STEEL REINFORCEMENT:

4.1 Ensure structural drawing signed by competent authority. Do not forget to provide proper chair specially for
cantilever.
4.2 Check reinforcement as per structural drawing. Do not forget to check continuity of reinforcement at L &
T sections as well as over opening for lintel bands.
4.3 Use spacers where more than one layer bars or where reinforcement is congested. Do not leave reinforcement short of support.
4.4 Stagger laps. Do not forget to leave dowels for railing in balcony and
waist slab/landing.
4.5 Put proper cover blocks. Do not provide stirrups/rings of improper size reducing
cover.
4.6 Record measurements in MB before allowing concreting.
4.7 Check lap length which is different for different mix. Do not forget to check that all column reinforcement bars
are projecting at different level as required.
4.8 Bars to be cleaned of rust before putting in position. No bar to be used if section reduced due to rust.
5.0 R.C.C.
5.1 Materials – Refer to subhead “Concrete”. Do not use sand falling in zone IV & V.
Do not use old cement.
5.2 Ensure structural drawing signed by competent authority and numbered.
5.3 Considering weather and nature of work, use minimum water.
5.4 Concrete to be properly vibrated.
5.5 Use slump: Beams, slabs, column – 25 to 40 mm).
Raft - 10 to 25mm) Try to have
Piles - 150 to 200mm) minimum slump.
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5.6 To have proper control on cement/water ratio, identity one person of the
contractor to control mixed permanently for project life.
5.7 Use water with PH value 6 to 8. In case of excessive alkalinity compare 28 days Do not use water having chloride and sulphates.
strength on cubes cast with distilled water & those cast with water used in the Do not add acid to naturalise alkalinity of water for use in
work and difference not to be more than 10%. RCC work.
5.8 To avoid labour movement directly over reinforcement, provide Jalies supported
over angle iron chairs.
5.9 Ensure proper depth of concrete with depth gauge. Do not keep time lag more than 30 minutes between final
vibration of concrete and its initial mixing.
5.10 Leave holes for services before casting of R.C.C. to avoid cutting of Do not cast column upto beam level. Leave it 45 cm
reinforcement and R.C.C. below soffit of beam and cast with the beam only.
5.11 Provide proper construction joint as given in C.P.W.D. specification. Do not forget to ensure trowel finishing of RCC slab on
top.
5.12 For vertical joints slurry is to be applied on the surface. For horizontal joints the Do not forget to ensure trowel finishing of RCC slab on
surface shall be covered with a layer of mortar 10 to 15 mm thick of the same top.
ratio as of concrete.
5.13 Put date of casting to ensure that the curing is started within 24 hours after Do not provide box type fan clamp for Roof slab. Use
casting of the slab and surface is kept wet atleast or 10 days. M.S. fan book and not Tor steel hook.
5.14 Repair honey-combing immediately after removal of form work.
5.15 Ensure hacking (depth 3mm) immediately after removal of form work.
5.16 Check the quality of concrete by hammering. In case of double of strength, take
core.
5.17 Ensure number of CC cubes required with reference to quantity of R.C.C. done. 28 days test to bd got done from the same Lab where 7
days test got done.
5.18 Cubes should bear name of work, mix, date, block and signature of JE/AE taking
the cube
5.19 Check bearing of lintels at ends. Do not provide bearing of lintels less than 15 cm.
5.20 If sulphate is there in sub-soil water and earth, take specific design from
designers for the foundation.
5.21 For precast members do mark top and bottom surface.
6.0 BRICK WORK
6.1 Check, if mandatory tests like compression strength, water absorption, size and
efflorescence done for bricks.
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6.2 Ensure Brick work in horizontal layers/even thickness of joints. Check Do not allow out of plumb Brick if more than 6mm in
distribution of courses done on a vertical plane with measuring rod (Kainda). 3meter height.
6.3 Soak bricks in plenty of water on previous evening for use next day. Do not allow outer Brick work without external
scaffolding.
6.4 Do check use of queen closer at junction of walls. Do not allow toothing. Ensure brick work in full block at cut
off levels like sill level and lintel level before further brick
work is allowed. If necessary, provide stitching blocks at
junctions at cut off levels during construction itself.
6.5 Check if joints staggered by 4 ½ “ or not in case of half brick wall. Do not leave vertical construction joint. Always rake back
at 45 to have proper bond with subsequent Brick Work.
6.6 Check if size of opening for doors and windows is not excessive. Do not fill excessive gap around door/window openings
with cement mortar. Use micro concrete.
6.7 Put date to watch curing to be done for 7 days.
6.8 Do not carry out more than 1M ht. of Brick work on a day.
6.9 Do have Brick on edge in plinth, below RCC slab and top of parapet with proper Do not make cost adjustment of Marucona Alternatively
Marucona. provide Cement Concrete block.
6.10 Fil vertical joints with trowel. Do not believe in grouting of vertical joints.
6.11 Use bed block under beams.
6.12 Check mortar strength and filling of joints by scratching with sharp instrument Do not mix brick stacks of different class designatiou.
like screw driver. Stack them separately. Do not allow mortar mixing
without Mechanical Mixer and proper plat form. Do not
use tokries for measurement.
Do not forget to get joints raked for 15 mm depth on both
sides, when mortar is green.
6.13 Check specially cup board openings for trueness at right angles.
6.14 At the end of day check that frog in brick work in top layer are not filled with Do not use fallen mortar for joint filling. Take it to mixer
mortar. & use after mixing adequate quantity of cement.
For balcony railing in half brick wall do not forget to
provide vertical RCC posts with horizontal RCC band.
6.15 Check bearing plaster done or not before centering, shuttering is started.
6.16 Height of brick masonary in foundation should be measured @ 15 cm. for 2 Do not join yard wall with main load bearing wall.
bricks height and difference, if any, w.r.t. structural drawing should be accounted Do not raise partition wall beyond lintel level till roof is
for in 230 mm brick wall (Top courses). cast.
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6.17 Check provision of expansion joint before start of brick work. Do not provide expansion joint from lean concrete level.
It is required from ground level.
6.18 Allow filling of scaffolding holes with properly soaked bricks buttered with Do not leave scaffolding holes in stretcher courses. Keep
mortar on all four faces only. their numbers minimum.
Do not allow horizontal chasing in load bearing walls for
series for more than 60 cm.
7.0 STONE MASONARY:
7.1 Wet stone before use.
7.2 Mark bond stone for identification. Do not forget to provide bond stone whether it is R.R.
masonary or course rubble masonary.
7.3 Overlap bond stone by 15cm if wall thickness is more than 60 cm and bond stone
of full length is not available.
7.4 Ensure proper curing of masonary for 7 days. Do not forget to put construction date.
7.5 Fill scaffolding holes with Cement Concrete 1:3:6.
7.6 Ensure overlapping of stones for braking joints. Do not rack joints of pointing is not be done and finish
joints flush.
7.7 Use chips for levelling in joints. Do not allow use of more than 20% chipping.
7.8 Size of stone used should be with length not less than 3 times heights and Breadth Do not allow use with bushing more than 4 cm.
on base should not be more than 3/4th of wall thickness or less than 15 cm.
7.9 Pointing should be along the mortar joint and not over the stone.

8.0 WOOD WORK:

8.1 Check wood for sap, moisture content and excessive knots/size of knots/quality
of knots.
8.2 Check joinery w.r.t. drawing for dimensions and joints. Do not accept readymade shutters form other than
approved firms.
8.3 In toilet and bath provide only one tower bold at mid height of door on inside Do not provide tower bolt inside of kitchen door.
surface.
8.4 For aluminium fittings use C.P. brass screws and check fittings for proper Do not hammer screws.
anodising.
8.5 Check size of wire and mesh number for jail shutters. It is galvanised 85G and of
dia 0.56 mm?
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8.6 Wire mesh to be folded under beading.
8.7 Wire mesh jail to be tight fixed.
8.8 Use only I.SI. mark door hinges.
8.9 Mortice and tenon joints in wood work should fit in fully and accurately. Do not allow painting on wood work till it is approved by
the competent authority.
8.10 Tenon should pass atleast three-fourth of the style. Do not allow wedging or filling in joints.
8.11 Ensure that the joints are glued and put together and pinned with hard wood or Do not use nail for joints.
bamboo pin.
8.12 Members of doors and window shutters should be straight without any warp. Do not allow use of unseasoned timber.
FLUSH DOOR SHUTTERS:
8.13 Accept only I.S.I. mark shutters. Do not forget to take purchase vouchers (challans).
8.14 Collect samples for testing from the lots as per I.S.I. Code No. 2202. Do not apply primer on the corners where I.S.I. stamp is
fixed.
8.15 If I.S.I. mark sample fails report to Director (marking), B.I.S. through RAD with Do not cut shutter to match with frame cut frame to match
purchase vouchers and test results besides rejecting the lot. with the shutter.

9.0 STEEL WORK:

9.1 Prepare drawing for openings in Brick work for Doors/windows. Do not fill excessive gap with mortar. Use micro concrete.
9.2 Ensure welding for full contact length. Do not forget to get grinded all excess welds including
sharp edges/projections of welding.
Do not ignore line and levels of grill members.
9.3 Use of approved primer on steel work (red oxide zinc chromate). Do not apply primer on rusted surface without proper
cleaning.
9.4 Doors/Windows along column to be fixed with rawl plugs. Do not cut column/RCC member to accommodate hold
fast.
9.5 Check fixing of window/s/doors at top and bottom as required under
specifications.
9.6 Use only I.S.I. mark sections for window and doors frames.
9.7 Do check that doors and windows fabrication is at true right angles. Do not break tie of door frames to accommodate level.
9.8 Ensure proper thickness of glass panes depending upon size of opening C.S. No.
34.
9.9 Ensure welding of hinges for full length unless specified otherwise.
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9.10 Ensure grill welding for full contact length.
9.11 Make payment for M.S. grill for lesser of two weight i.e. theoretical and actual.
9.12 For running meter items of stair case/balcony railings do compare it with Do not use item of window grill for payment to Railing.
approved drawing/nomenclature meticulously.
9.13 Ensure brass striking lock plate in window sections.
9.14 Check for window shutters, if provided with projecting hinges or not. The hinge Do not accept wort at reduced rates if hinge pin is not
pin should be of galvanised steel. electro galvanised.
9.15 Check sizes and thickness of hold fast and their number required as per
specifications.
9.16 Check length, weight of stays and handles. Do not forget to check location of holes in stay w.r.t.
locking bracket/pin so that full window shutter can be
opened and locked in that position.
9.17 Check all door and windows for proper closing and locking. Do not assume that putty is substitute for fixing clips.
Both are must.
9.18 Railing height of staircase should be one metre uniformly. Do not forget to paint putty within 2-3 days of fixing to
avoid cracking.
9.19 Ensure that steel sections sash bars are connected properly to the styles by Do not propose deduction for common blocks for two
making a slot and thereafter welding. hold fast.
PRESSED STEEL DOOR FRAME:
9.20 Check thickness and quality of M.S. sheet conforming to I.S. 226. Do not forget to provide base tie.
Do not forget to check frame for trueness of right angles
by diagonal measurements.
9.21 Ensure that mortar guards, lock strike plate and shock absorber are provided as Do not make extra payment for mortar guards, lock strike
per sketch given in CPWD specification (Fig. 47). place, shock absorber.
9.22 Ensure that surface is thoroughly cleaned before applying primer. Do not forget proper concreting in frames in yards itself
before fixing but after priming on all faces i/c internal
face.
9.23 Check the filling of frames with concrete by tamping.
ROLLING SHTUTTERS:
9.24 Check the dimension of all components of rolling shutter conforming to I.S. 6341 Do not forget to ensure primer application before fixing of
shutters.
9.25 Check the quality of spring tested for tensile strength. Do not forget to check shutters for smooth
closing/opening.
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9.26 Check the quality and make of Ball bearing.
DOOR/WINDOW FITTING:
9.27 Use only I.S.I. mark fittings.
10.0 FLOORING:
10.1 Check compaction of subgrade, sand filling and lean concrete.
10.2 Check slope and levels of subgrade of wet areas/balcony to achieve tuck of Do not forget to provide 15 mm tuck for wet areas.
15mm after final finish.
10.3 Provide vertical D.P.C. for excessive drops in floor finish. Do not provide Ground Floor flooring higher than D.P.C.
level.
10.4 Check level of glass strips for proper floor levels. Do not provide cross at junction of glass strips. Provide T
junctions.
10.5 For Cement Concrete flooring start finishing with neat cement immediately after Never put mortar to cover honey combing and to absorb
proper beating of concrete and allowing moisture to disappear from surface. excess moisture.
10.6 Ensure curing for 10 days by ponding. Do not start flooring till all traps are slugged.
10.7 Cement concrete flooring to be laid in alternate panel, if separating strips not Do not exceed size of panel more than 2 sq. mtr.
allowed.
10.8 Use thick slurry before laying the flooring on R.C.C. slab after cleaning the Do not forget to clean R.C.C. surface with wire brushes of
surface property. all loose mortar/dropping etc.
For dado do not forget to prepare surface as mentioned
under glazed tile dado. Keep water cement ratio minimum
to avoid shrinkage cracks and keep surface wet for 10
days minimum.
TERRAZP FLOORING:
10.9 For laying under layer of specified mix and thickness refer sub-head cement Do not delay laying of topping beyond 24 hours after
concrete flooring, which should be roughened with wire brushes and allowed to laying of under layers.
harden.
10.10 Ensure that the proportion of the marble chips to binder mix is as specified. Do not use marble chips of size more than 75% thickness
of terrazzo topping.
10.11 Wash marble chips before use.
10.12 Ensure mix of cement and marble powder in proportion of 3:1 weight.
10.13 Use minimum water for topping mix. For smooth surface have better tapping than
adding more water.
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10.14 Cement to be used for terrazzo flooring should be stacked separately for having Do not cast part flooring of any room on a day to avoid
uniform colour. colour change in flooring.
10.15 Ensure first grinding with machine after 36 hours of laying of terrazzo toping Do not keep the traps open when grinding is in progress.
with 60 No:carborandum stone.
10.16 Start second grinding after curing 5 to 7 days with carborandum stone 120 No. Do not forget to do handgrinding of skirting just after 24
and cure again for 3 to 5 days after proper repairing. hours of laying. So put dates.
10.17 Do final grinding with 320 No. carborandum stone, and finally use oxalic acid @ Do not use more than 6mm terrazzo topping where hand
33 gm/m2 diluted with water and rubbed hard with Namdah blocks (pad of grinding is to be done.
wooden rags).
TERRAZO SKIRTING:
10.18 Ensure that skirting and dado properly finished with smooth surface. Do not forget rounding of junction of floor and skirting.
10.19 The under layer should be made rough with a scratching tool to form a key for Do not accept architects view not to provide skirting on
terrazo layer which should be applied after 24 hours of 1 st layer. upper floors. Insist for it. In case of difference, take
decision of Chief- Engineer.
10.20 Use glass strips in terrazzo plaster in toilet kitchen and W.C. Do not use forested glass strips.
TERRAZO TILE FLOORING
10.21 Terrazo tiles shall conform to IS:1237. Do not forget to get to get tiles tested for water absorption
transverse strength and ……..
10.22 Tiles fixed in floor adjoining the wall shall enter 12mm under the plaster/ skirting Do not break tiles, get them sawn for cut tiles.
dado.
10.23 Do clear joints of excess mortar / slurry after tiles are fixed. Do not keep thick joints. Keep it minimum but not more
than 1.5mm.
Do not forget to lay honey like consistency cement slurry
over base mortar for fixing of terrazo tile and tamping it
with wooden mellet.
GLAZED TILE DADO
10.24 Check quality and thickness of tiles as specified.
10.25 Ensure that joints of masonary are raked to a depth of 15mm while masonaryis
being laid. In case of concrete the surface shall be roughened with wire brushes.
10.26 Ensure that surface is thoroughly cleaned and washed with water and should be
kept wet.
10.27 Provide under layer cement mortar plaster as specified which shall be Time lag between under –layer and tile laying should not
roughenedwith wire brushes. be more than 24 hours.
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10.28 Soak the tiles in water/ washed cleaned and coat of cement slurry applied Do not forget to use tiles with chamfered edges at
liberally at the back of tiles and set in bedding mortar at the time of fixing. projecting concerns.
10.29 The tiles joint should be butt joint. Don’t provided thick joints.
10.30 Skirting and dodo shall rest on top of flooring in Ground Floor and on skirting on
upper floors.
10.31 Fill the joints with white cement on pigment as required. Do not fix cut tiles is top layer and at projecting edges. Do
not forget to check tiles id sounding hollow.
10.32 Check if tiles fixed are in one plane or not. Do not forget to check tiles if sounding hollow.
KOTA STONE FLOORING
10.33 The thickness of stone shall be as specified. Don’t accept stone with tolerance beyond # 2mm in
thickness and # 5mm in respect of length and breadth.
10.34 Stones of varying thickness should not be put togetter
RED SAND STONE FLOORING
10.35 Thickness of slab shall be as specified. Don’t accept stone with tolerance beyond #3% in
thickness
10.36 Check quality and classification. Tolerance in thickness allowed is = 2mm. Do not confuse Raj Nagar Stone with Makrana stone.
11.00 ROOFING:
11.1 Prepare mud phaska slope plan approved by Executive Engineer and keep a copy
of it at site (slpe allowed 1:48)
11.2 After proper painting of roof with bitumen provide 400 micron P.V.C. sheet 1M Do not raise parapet before laying khurra concrete.
X 1M for khurra at R.W.P. location extending upto R.C.C. slab edge. Do not accept P.V.C. sheet of lesser thickness.
Do not accept 2 or 3 numbers of thinner P.V.C. sheet.
11.3 Provide Cement Concrete flooring under water tanks.
11.4 Tile should over lapkhurra concrete coping over parapet. Keep coping sloping
towards roof.
11.5 Provide Cement Concrete coping over parapet. Keep coping sloping towards Do not provide thick mortar over Cement Concrete
roof. coping.
11.6 Check R.W.P. out let mouth level w.r.t. to khurra level. Do not provide use of departmentally issued S.C.I. pipe
for R.W.P.
11.7 Keep tile joints thickness 6 mm to 12 mm. Thinner joints and wider joints both Avoid use of broken tiles.
are unacceptable
11.8 The brick tiles/Mud phuska should go right upto parapet wall and gola should Do not forget to provide bhusa @ 35 kg. M3 of soil in
come over that. mud.
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11.9 Provide mud phuska and gola in area around water tanks before casting tank
beams/slab.
11.10 Do rendering of tank supporting beams at bottom. In case of precast beams do not forget to mark top and
bottom of beam.
11.11 R.W.P. shoe should not be left much above the pavement level. It should just Do not confuse R.W.P. clamp with M.S. holder bat
touch it. clamps for S.C.I. pipe.
Do not render RCC water tank.
11.12 Use only ISI mark AC Rain water pipe and specials conforming to I.S.S. (ISI
marked AC pipes are available in plenty in market).
11.13 Add water proofing compound ISI mark 2% by weight in cement mortar for
grouting.
11.14 Plaster gola simultaneously with parapet plaster. Do not forget to cut chase of proper size for gola.
Do not forget to provide Expansion joints in Gola and
parapet coping and its filling with bitumen filler.
11.15 Check hardness of brick tile Grouted joints with screw Driver.
11.16 Check that all the Brick tiles are fully clear of dead mortar etc.
12.0 FINISHING:
PLASTERING:
12.1 Prepare the surface by brushing with wire brushes to remove all dead and loose Do not plaster till all conduiting and electrical piping is
mortar after cutting superfluous projections. Remove all efflorescence by dry done.
brushing or proper treatment. Do not allow for plastering till all doors, windows R.C.C.
jail ventilators re fixed.
12.2 Do profuse watering of the surface after it is ensured that all defects of Brick Do not forget that Pre-curing is as important as post
Work and Cement Concrete/R.C.C. have been properly rectified. curing.
12.3 Line and levels in plaster are very important.
12.4 Put (15 cum x 15cm)bunda at every 2M (Horizontally and vertically) to serve as
gauges.
12.5 Start with ceiling plaster first. Do not do ceiling plaster till next floors slab is cast.
12.6 Provide uniform Groove at junctions of wall plaster and ceiling plaster. Do not do ceiling of top roof till terracing is completed.
12.7 Avoid excessive trowelling. Do not leave jambs, soffits for plaster, later on. These
have to be plastered alongwith wall for proper curing and
strength.
12.8 At the end of days work leave plaster on the body of wall and not on corners.
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12.9 To avoid leakages do not leave horizontal joint on parapet wall tops. Do not leave plaster in patches. It creates weak
spots/shaby appearance.
12.10 Provide vertical groove where R.C.C. column and Concrete Wall abut the Brick
work.
12.11 Use 2.5 M long aluminium straightedge and plumb bob to check verticality and Do not forget to check soffit level of various doors and
eveness of surface frequently. windows opening in a room. These should be at same
level.
12.12 Put date of plastering to ensure 7 days curing. Do not forget to start curing just after 24 hours of
hardening of plaster surface.
12.13 Check openings specially cupboards for finishing at right angles. Do not allow plaster to get dry during curing period.
12.14 For R.C.C. Projections provide proper moulding /drip. Do not accept work with groove. Drip is must
12.15 For rough cast plaster, the under layer must be kept rough for proper bonding and Do not give a gap of more than 2 days between under
kept wet before top layer is applied. layer and top layer.
12.16 Sample of rough cast plaster must be approved by Superintending Engineer
before further work is taken up.
12.17 While doing external plaster ensure that upper and lower plaster at D.P.C. level is Do not plaster D.P.C. let it remain in groove or projected.
separated as per Engineer Member circular No. 339.
12.18 Plaster below D.P.C. to ben in CM 1:4 (1 Cement: 4 Coarse sand). Do not forget to take plaster 5cm. below plinth protection.
12.19 Any plaster more than 15mm thick to be done in 2 layers.
WHITE WASHING:
12.20 Use 40 gm of gum dissolved in hot water for 10dm3of slake lime, 3 gm of Indigo Do not forget to screen the lime before use.
per Kg. of lime and water @ 5 litre per Kilogram of lime.
12.21 One coat means brush applied from top down wards, bottom up wards left to Do not apply second coat till first coat is dry.
right and right to left.
CEMENT PAINT:
12.22 Use only ISI mark cement paint.
12.23 Wet the surface after cleaning of any algae formation, grease, other foreign
matter and loose mortar drippings dust etc.
12.24 Mixing of cement paint to be done in two stages. First mix two parts of cement Do not add water to cement paint but add cement paint to
paint and one part of water. water.
12.25 Stir thoroughly and allow to stand for 5 minutes. In 2and stage add one part water Do not use mix after one hour of mixing.
& sir thoroughly to obtain the mix 1:1 (1 Cement paint 1 Water).
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12.26 Water the surface at the end of days work. Do not apply 2nd coat within 48 hours of 1 st coat.
Do not wet the previous surface for 2nd coat/3rd coat.
12.27 Keep painted surface wet for 2-3 days. (Ist coat only). Do not forget to keep account of cement paint.
12.28 Prefer application of cement paint is shadow. Do not forget to clean glass panes on external faces of all
paint droppings side by side because otherwise
jhulla/scaffolding will be needed again for that.
12.29 Ensure application of paint on surfaces which are normally off the view like
soffits, behind SCI/GI/RWP etc.
12.30 All drips should be painted are per the colour scheme for vertical surface. Do not agree for use for colour shades which are not in
standard shade cards to avoid maintenance problems.
PAINTS:
12.31 Before application of primer see that surface is properly prepared. Check that all
holes, cracks or other defects are properly filled and smoothened. All dust, scales,
oil, grease, moisture and loose particle should be removed and surface cleaned
before application of primer.
12.32 Use only ISI mark paint. Do not forget to keep account of primer and paint. Do not
remove empties from site without permission of Engineer-
in-Charges.
Do not forget that for steel work, zinc chromate red oxide
primer is specified.
Do not add thinner till prescribed by manufacturer.
12.33 Check application of each coat for uniformity of thickness. No hair marks form brush or clogging of paints, puddles
in corner of panels, angles of moulding etc. should be left.
12.34 The painted surface should be free form paint drips, waves and uniform in colour, Do not paint on humid or on rainy days or when it is too
texture and finish. cold.
12.35 Check application of paint on places that are difficult to reach such as edges,
corners, crevices, welds, bolts and nuts, top and bottom edges of shutters.
12.36 One coat of paint amounts to crossing and laying off. Do not apply final coat of paint till final coat of
snowcem/white washing done.
12.37 Clean all fitting/glass panes of paint marks.
STONE VENEERING (CLADDING):
12.38 Check quality of stone. It should be free from cracks/decay weathering defects etc.
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12.39 Dressing of stone on exposed surface only. Do not forget permissible tolerance is only +2mm in
thickness.
12.40 Use cramps and pins as specified. Do not use cramps and pins of metal prone to corrosion.
12.41 Use stone of length not less than 11/2times height and width not less than 20 cm Do not use forget to wet stones before laying.
unless specified.
12.42 Provide uniform staggered joints. Provide horizontal angle iron support at soffit
of all openings and at interval of maximum 3.5M vertical. Backing of stone shall
be carried out simultaneously with face work.
MISCELLANEOUS:
12.43 Ensure that the expansion joint is clean and free form malba/dead mortar.
12.44 Expansion joint should be covered at top with precast Cement Concrete slab, Do not forget to cover expansion joint with rope while
freely kept executingBrick work on Expansion joint.
12.45 Vertical faces expansion joint should be covered with one end fixed screws and
other end with oval shape cut fitted with screws. Screws should be staggered.
12.46 To have proper control, a sample that must be made ready in all respect and be
got approved from Superintending Engineer/Chief Engineer to avoid repetition of
mistake and to have proper quality control.
13.0 SANITARY WORK:
13.1 Get drawing for plumbing system approved from Superintending Engineer and
keep a copy at site.
13.2 Plaster shaft surfaces before plumbing work in shafts. Do not forget to plan drainage arrangement for shaft.
13.3 Check licenses of plumber and keep note of it. Storm water should not go ni G.T. or manhole provided
for sewerage.
13.4 Use only ISI mark SCI pipes and fittings. Match SCI fittings and pipes. They Do not use SCI pipes of dia less than75 mm.
should confirm to same IS code
13.5 Depressions in I. W.C. and bath/kitchen should be 500 and 300 mm respectively. Do not forget to treat depressed portions as per circular
All RCC work around depressed portion should be with RCC 1 1 ½ : 3. No. 108(QCC). This treatment should be in two
Depressions for EWC be kept 300 mm. operations i.e. Ist for horizontal surface before piping and
2nd for vertical surface after piping and repairs of
openings.
13.6 Get lead tested from each lot for purity before use. (Permissible 99.80% purity). Do not use excess of yarn in joints to avoid use of lead in
proper Quantity.
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13.7 Prefer single stack system for economy. Do not allow covering of joint under floors without smoke
test.
13.8 Ensure that access doors are so located that they can be easily opened and closed. Do not forget to check quantity of lead used w.r.t.
theoretical requirement daily.
13.9 Floor trap used should be of self cleaning type. Do not use constriction type floor trap.
13.10 Keep slope of 1 in 50 for “horizontal SCI pipes.” Top of floor trap should not be more than 10 mm below
finished floor level.
13.11 The fittings shall be as close as possible to the vertical stack.
13.12 Avoid collar joints under floors. Do not use floor traps with water seal less than required
even at reduced rate.
13.13 Fix levels and positions of floor traps/P traps by laying false pipe line first as per Do not forget to check that W.C. seat mouth has properly
Chief Engineer (QC) circular 108. gone into P trap mouth. Keep record as per circular No.
289 of Engineer Member.
13.14 For vertical stacks prefer Y junctions to T or L junctions. Do not fix holder bat clamps with brick bats/mortar.
13.15 For European seat socket of SCI bend should be above final finished floor level
by about 40 mm.
13.16 Use S.W. pipes of I.S.I. mark only.
13.17 Check weight of G.T. cover and frame. Do not forget that cover and frame to have specified
weight separately.
13.18 Check weight of manhole cover and frame.
13.19 Provide access door fitting before connecting to main stack to facilitate cleaning. Do not forget to provide rubber insertion in access door.
13.20 All fittings M.S. stays and clamps should be got painted before fixing in position. Do not forget to check height of stay and its fixing in
concrete block.
13.21 The complete stack stack should be tested by smoke test and checked by
Assistant Engineer/Executive Engineer. A record to be kept.
13.22 Provide alternate items of C.I. and S.C.I. fittings and piper for internal; sanitary
installations.
14.0 WATER SUPPLY LINES:
14.1 Check if plumber employed is licenced plumber or not. Do not forget to keep note Licence No. of plumber.
14.2 Prepare plan for G.I. piping system and get approved from Superintending Do not forget to keep level of taps in W.C. bath and
Engineer. kitchen at specified heights as per sample flat.
14.3 Use only ISI mark fittings.
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14.4 Maintain proper line and levels for exposed G.I. pipe work. Do not forget to paint fittings when used in painted lines.
Do not cut horizontal chases in Brick work to
accommodate G.I. line at one level for more than 60 cm.
No chase in half Brick work.
14.5 Provide clamps at every 2.5 M for vertical and at 2 M for horizontal 15 mm dia
G.I. piping on walls. For 20 mm dia pipes the spacings of camps shall be 3 M and
2.5 M respectively.
14.6 Check the lines under required pressure before covering. Do not forget to maintain proper record of testing.
14.7 Avoid joints in under floor piping.
14.8 Check provision of union near every stop cock. Check overflow pipes and Do not cast overhead storagetanks on roof terrace.
mosquito proof coupling provided in storage ranks and flushing cistern.
14.9 Check weight of flush pipe. Is it 3.14 Kg. M minimum?
14.10 Check flushing cistern for ISI mark and internally painted with bitumastic paint.
14.11 Check provision of G.I. nipples at the time of casting RCC storage tanks. Do not keep tanks empty.
Do not accept repaired water tanks.
Do not render water tank.
14.12 Check size of brackets for washbasin sink, and flushing cistern.
14.13 Use only ISI mark wash basin, sink pan, cistern, Bib cocks, stop cocks, wheel
valves etc.
14.14 Check lead connections pipes PVC connections pipes for size and quality.
14.15 Check weight and dimension of PCC water storage tanks as per IS code. Do not forget to get it tested for conforming to IS code
12701.
DOCUMENTATION:
Maintain following records at site: -
1. Copy of technical Sanction.
2. Copy of Soil Investigation Report.
3. Copy of Agreement.
4. Master Register duly issued by E.E. for mandatory tests and Cement account.
5. Pile Register.
6. Higher Officer’s Inspection Register.
7. All approved structural and Architectural Drawings i.e. approved plinth levels.
Walls with bricks of different compressive strength/mortar tobe distinctly
coloured on plans.
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8. Water sample test report. Repeat test every three months.
9. AHAR/ALR item statement.
10. Shuttering approval Register.
11. Drg. Showing Door/Window openings to be left in Brick work.
12. Approved drawing for plumbing/G.I. network.
13. Approved service plans from local body.
14. Steel weight Register (actual).
15. W.C. joints checking Register (EM’s circular 289).
16. M.A.S. register of materials like Aldrin. Paint. Primer, Water proofing cement
paint, water proofing cement compound, Bitumen, Lead etc.
17. Site Order Book.
18. Hindrance Register.
19. Initial and Routine Load test register for piles.
20. For important projects, make micro film of the drawings and preserve them.

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 Sub Head Do’s Don’ts

1.0 WATER SUPPLY:

1.1 Check if scheme approved by M.C.D. and Delhi Fire Services. Do not take up work only with technically sanctioned
estimate though T.S. is must.
1.2 Do keep a plan showing location of pipe to be laid w.r.t. ‘its’ depth & Do not forget to cut sufficient offset in excavation to
distance from permanent feature. receive the sockets.
1.3 Check license of plumber.
1.4 Check if suitable cushion available or not, (60 cm on road berms & 120 Do not pass Water supply line through drain or sewage
cm on road). manhole with joints in sewer Storm Water line.
1.5 Check if suitable distance available between Water supply & Sewer For economy do not use CI pipe more than 450 mm --------
Storm Water line. use PSC pipes.
1.6 Use only ISI mark pipes and fittings. Do not forget to keep record of weight and dimensions
fitting.
1.7 Take initial ground levels for proper execution control. Check pipes
and fittings physically for visible defects, if any.
1.8 Lead joints got done in presence of JE -------and daily consumption Do not forget to soak spun yarn in bitumen before use.
record kept.
1.9 Check quality of lead as per IS: 782 for each lot. Do not forget to make comparison with daily theorit----
requirement.
1.10 Check depth of lead joint with Kenda (Gauge).
1.11 Fittings/specials should be provided simultaneously with laying of Do not forget to lay concrete below SV/FH before their
pipes. fixing as per fig. 91&92 of CPWD specification Vol. II.
1.12 Pipes to be laid in continuation, not patch laying.
1.13 Water supply pipes should not be just slided in trench but should be Do not forget to keep socket against direction of flow
lifted and lowered. (water enters pipe through socketed end and goes through
spigot end).
1.14 For PSC pipes use hydraulic jack for pushing pipes into socket with Do not forget to test quality of rubber rings.
good quality tings.
1.15 Provided proper thrust blocks at bends (ref. CPWD specification para – Do not forget to close open end of pipe at the end of days
19.3.6) work.
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1.16 Take precautions as per CPWD specification MCD norms when pipes Do not forget to level the base when Water Supply line is
are laid below 4raods/culvers. (ref. EM’s circular No. 233). laid in rocky strata.
1.17 Do check line under required pressure after back fill and leaving joints Do not forget that pipe line has to be load true to line.
exposed.
1.18 Do provide scour valve for scouring of pipe where needed. Do not forget to disinfect the line before actual supply of
water for drinking.
1.19 For Water Supply line to be laid under foul conditions follow special
precautions given in CPWD specification para – 19.1.6.
1.20 Change in dia of pipe should be gradual and not abrupt.
1.21 Top avoid accidents due to collapse of excavated trenches follow EM’s
circular No. 205.
1.22 For under ground tanks provide fittings alongwith casting of R.C.C. Do not forget to clean underground tank from tot time.
1.23 Provide air valve at highest point when there is change in gradient.
2.0 SEWARAGE:
2.1 Check if scheme approved M.C.D. Do not take up work only with Technical sanction, though
Technical sanction is must.
2.2 Check soil mechanics of the soil for deep sewers to decide mode of Do not forget to get the excavation plan approved from
excavation. S.E.
Do not forget to provide barricading as per EM’s circular
Follow safety precaution as per EM circular No. 239 181 to avoid accidents.
Do not forget to lay RCC pipes with ISI mark on top.
Do not forget to get the quality of rubber rings tested
Do not forget to take up the work from down stream end.
Do not forget to excavate offsets to receive the sockets.
2.3 Use only ISI mark pipes.
2.4 Use S & S. RCC pipes only.
2.5 Check all levels w.r.t. G.T.S. only.
2.6 Ensure all pipes having marking as peer IS-458.
2.7 Construct masonary pillars away from the edge of excavation and
parallel to the alignment as intervals of manholes with I.L. marked on
their top.
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2.8 Ensure that the excavated earth is dumped away from the edge of the
excavation, as approved by SE (minimum half of the depth away from
the edge).
2.9 Ensure that record of sub-soil water levers is maintained in M.B. for the
purpose of making additional payments to the contractors for executing
work under water, duly signed by AE/EE and contractor.
2.10 For bigger pipes not bearing ISI mark, ensure tests are per IS-458.
2.11 Decide use of NP-2/NP-3 pipe as per loading conditions. Do not provide concrete encasement. Provide concrete
cradle as per MCD norm.
2.12 Ensure that construction of manhole is taken up simultaneously with Do not forget to fix foot rests alongwith brick work of
the laying of RCC pipes. manhole and embedded in Cement concrete block and
painted.
2.13 Ensure that the pipe is provided upto full thickness of manhole wall. Do not leave pipe projecting in the manhole.
2.14 Provide stone soling under bed concrete in poor soil/under S.S.W.L. as
per MCD norms
2.15 Ensure concrete core in manhole wall under SSWL and bottom slab
RCC as per MCD norm.
2.16 Provide Arch masonary over the pipe in circular manhole with C.M. Do not forget to plug open free end of pipe.
1:3.
2.17 Test SFRC over to conform to IS- 12592 Pt, I
2.18 Provide drop connection as per specification where the drop is more
than 60 cm.
2.19 Start back filling of the trenches as per CPWD specification, after the
reach is completed, inspected and approved by the Department.
2.20 Ensure testing of joints as per para- 20.7.4 of CPWD specification, or
as specified by M.C.D.
2.21 Ensure that the sewer line is not laid within the distance of 10mt. from
the building in case of roads and in case of service lanes the sere line
shall be laid in the centre of the road or in alignment as approved by
M.C.D.
2.22 Maintain proper record for disposal, of surplus excavated earth at Do not make payment of disposal of earth on truck basis. It
specific disposal point (Lead chart and computation of quantity be done has to be based on levels taken at the point of excavation
through levels duly checked by the AE/EE separately). and disposal, whichever is less.
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3.0 STORM WATER DRAIN:
3.1 Check if the scheme is approved from M.C.D. Do not take up the work without Technical Sanction.
3.2 Check all levels w.r.t. G.T.S. only.
3.3 If M.C.D. approval differ from T/S take approval of T/S authority Do not make any change at site.
before execution. Construct Masonary pillars at an internal of 30 m or
as required as per site condition with I.L. marked (written) on top
parallel to the drain away from the edge of the excavation.
3.4 Take necessary precautions if electric cables, Water supply line, and
sewer line passing through the drain. Consult design office.
3.5 Ensure barricading as per EM’s circular No. 181.
3.6 Check that the section of drain wall & culvert as approved by Technical Don’t forget sot start the work from down stream end.
sanction authority.
3.7 Provide proper staggered weep holes in drain walls as per design.
3.8 Provide expansion joint in RCC & brick work as per design.
3.9 Ensure RCC slab is supported on minimum 34.5 cm brick wall. Do not forget to render bottom of RCC slab.
3.10 For cleaning, put precast slab in richer mix 1:11/2: 3.
3.11 Ensure brick on edge for top course of single brick wall.
3.12 Provide footrest and manhole covers in covered drain as per M.C.D. Don’t forget to construct cunet in bigger drain or as
Norms. specified in MCD approval.
3.13 For storm water pipe drain follow specification as per Subhead- Don’t forget to get the design of chamber approved by
“Sewage”. Technical sanction authority and M.C.D.
Don’t forget that the minimum dia of R.C.C. pipe for S.W.
drain is 300 mm as per MCD norms.
3.14 Edges of concrete flooring should be rounded off with wall.
3.15 Provide bearing poster where ever RCC slab is to be cast for covering
of rain.
3.16 Put separate item for flooring and not as “concrete in foundation”. For
neat cement finish, follow CC flooring details.
3.17 For covering with RCC, put vertical centring and not cross ballies on
the walls.
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4.0 ROADS
4.1 EMBANKMENT:
4.1.1 Record Initial G.L. with respect to G.T.S. duly test checked by A.E. & Do not forget to transfer B.M. with respect to G.T.S. at
E.E. separately. work site.
4.1.2 Get the L. Section/X-Section of proposed road approved by Technical
Sanction Authority.
4.1.3 In case of road in embankment fix pegs at 15 mtr. interval to indicate Do not forget to roll and water the ground before filling
the limits of side slope. after removing stumps, roots etc.
4.1.4 Fill the earth in 20 cm. layers and consolidate with roller as per item. Where road is in cutting. Do not forget to construct side
drain simultaneously.
4.1.5 Ensure that material used for filling is earth, moorum and gravel or a Avoid expansive clay in filling.
mixture of these.
4.1.6 Soil shall have dry lab density under OMC not less than 1.44 gm/CC
for embankment upto 3 M ht. and 1.52 gm/cc for more than 3 M height.
4.1.7 In case of earth-work under OMC condition, the density to be achieved Do not forget to test each compacted layer for field density
should not be less the density to be achieved should bot be less than with proper record location wise before allowing next
95% of the density obtained in laboratory (Proctor method). Top 40 cm layer.
should have 100% density below subgrade level.
4.1.8 Ensure measurement of density for each compacted area of 500 sqm.
Or as decided by Engineer Incharge.
4.1.9 Whether it is not convenient to take measurements at excavation,
quantity shall be measured at filling. The quantity at filling shall be
reduced by 10% in case of consolidated fill, by 5% in case of
consolidation by mechanical machinery. No deduction where filling
done under OMC.
4.1.10 Surface of formation for width of sub base, which shall be 15 cm. more
on either side of base course, shall first be cut to a depth equal to the
combined depth of sub based and surface course below the finished
level.
4.1.11 Roll the sub-grade atleast five times with power road roller 8 to 12 Do not forget that subgrade is finished to the specified
Tonne capacity. camber and super elevation at curves.
4.1.12 Check the levels of Sub-grade. Do not think can be corrected in sub base or course.
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4.1.13 Embankment should be made upto final formation level of road and Do not forget to check final sub-grade surface with
then cutting for sub-grade should be made as said above. template.
4.2.0 W.B.M.
4.2.1 Coarse aggregates (crushed and brokenstone) should confirm the See that deleterious material is not more than 5%.
physical requirements/gradation as given in table 17.1 and 17.2 of
CPWD Specification Vol. II.
4.2.2 Binding Material:
Binding material consists of good earth/morrum and red bajari. It
should have plastic index four to six when the W.B. surface is to be
used or bituminous surfacing.
4.2.3 Stone screening:
It shall conform to grading as in table 17.9 of CPWD specifications.
4.2.4 Stack the required quantity of aggregate reachwise at regular interval Do not forget to give stack nos’ with paint.
by comparing with Theoretical quantity. Do not allow spreading before taking full supply of
materials duly measured for a reach.
4.2.5 Stack required quantity of stone screening allowing spreading of stone Do not forget to maintain the proper record of daily
metal. consumption of stone metal alongwith area covered in
RMS register.
4.2.6 Mention stack no. on the samples taken for testing.
4.2.7 Stack required quantity of good earth and red bajri to be used as
bindingmaterial.
4.2.8 Spread the coarse aggregate uniformly.
4.2.9 Use template tot spread the aggregate to proper profile and depth.
4.2.10 Rolling of aggregate to be done from edges till it is partially compacted
with sufficient voids to permit application of screening.
4.2.11 Apply screening gradually over the surface to fill the voids (In 1st phase Do not forget that rolling started from low edges and
of spread 50%(approx..) quantity of screening.). progress gradually to higher points.
4.2.12 Continue dry rolling and brooming while to ensure filling of all voids Do not dump the screening in piles but spread it in thin
by three or more application of screening. layers by twisting motion.
4.2.13 Sprinkle water in good quantity for wet rolling. Do not use wet screening.
4.2.14 Then apply binding material in similar fashion as that of screening. Do not forget to seep the wet screening into the voids
Do not forget to maintain the proper account of road roller
hours and compare it with theoretical requirement.
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4.2.15 Water the surface and roll, sweep the surface with broom until slurry is Do not forget to keep the roller wheel wet and clean during
formed ahead of wheel. rolling with water.
4.2.16 Consolidated thickness of 40-90 mm aggregate shall be 100 mm and Do not allow traffic till W.B.M. is dry and set.
that of 40-63 and 20-50 mm shall be 75 mm. in one layer. Curst
thickness to be decided accordingly.
4.2.17 When W.B.M. to be laid on existing metalled surface, 50 x 50 mm
furrows to be cut at one meter interval at 45 degree to the centre lineof
the carriage way.
4.3.0 CARPETTING:
4.3.1 Clean the W.B.M. surface with wire brushed to expose the metal about
10 mm depth and surface should be mode dust free.
4.3.2 Stack the stone aggregate of required grade and physical requirement Do not forget to keep a record of the measurement of stone
reach-wise as per theoretical requirement. aggregate in M/B. brought by the agency.
4.3.3 Stone aggregate shall confirm to table 17-1 of CPWD specifications
Vol. II
4.3.4 Use paving asphalt 30/40 or 80/100 grade. Heat the binder to required Do not forget to keep a thermometer at site to check the
temperature 149oC to 177oC. temperature at regular intervals.
4.3.5 Maintain proper account of binder/bitumen as per appendix-A Page 71
of CPWD specification of Vol. II.
4.3.6 Proper measuring Box to be used for mixing. No tokri to be allowed.
4.3.7 Bitumen container to have hole at predetermined level.
4.3.8 Tack coat to be spread by spraying machine.
4.3.9 Just after rolling check the profile with straight edge as per para 17.9,
6.4 of CPWD specification Vol.II and make good deficiencies when
carpet is green.
4.3.10 Normally provide 2% camber.
4.4.0 BITUMEN MACADAM:
4.4.1 Stone Aggregate shall confirm to table 17-1 of CPWD specification
Vol.II.
4.4.2 Grading of stone aggregate to be used as per table No. 17-29 of CPWD
specification Vol. II.
4.4.3 The binder content should be worked out by percentage weight of stone
aggregate by job mix design in laboratory.
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4.4.4 The binder shall be straight run bitumen confirming to IS:73.
4.4.5 The mix will be prepared in Hot mix plant and will be load by paver. Do not forget to check aperture opening as required at
plant for proper proportion of mixing.
4.4.6 The temperature of mix at laying should be between 121oC to 163oC.
4.4.7 The field density shall not be less than 95% of lab density.
4.4.8 Maintain daily out turn and bitumen consumption as per Appendix A at
page 71 of CPWD specification Vol. II.
4.4.9 Quantity Control tests shall be done as per table 17-27 of CPWD
specifications Vol. II except Marshal stability.
4.4.10 Finished surface should not have undulation more than 6 mm in
longitudinal direction and 4f mm in transverse direction when checked
with 3 M. long straight edge. Make good when it is green.
4.4.11 Provide 1.7 to 2% camber.
4.4.12 Measure quantity for payment as per levels.
4.4.13 One field density test for every 500 sqm. Or part shall be done. Do not forget to keep record of weight of each truck load
of the mix brought as site.
4.5 ASPHALT CONCRETE:
4.5.1 Stone aggregate shall conform to table 17-1 of CPWD specification
Vol. II.
4.5.2 Gradation shall be as per table 17-26 of CPWD specification Vol. II.
4.5.3 Binder shall be straight run bitumen conforming it IS-73.
4.5.4 Mix shall be designed as per Marshal job mix design.
4.5.5 Mixing to be done in a plant and laid at side with paver. Do not forget to check aperture opening at plant for proper
proportion of mixing.
4.5.6 Temperature at the time of laying to be 121oC to 163oC.
4.5.7 Quality
Control tests as per table 17-27 of CPWD specifications Vol. II.
4.5.8 Surface correctness same as macadam.
4.5.9 Camber same as macadam.
4.5.10 Measurement same as macadam.
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4.5.11 Field density to be achieved 98% of lab density.
4.5.12 One filed density test for every 500 sqm. Or part shall be done.
4.6.0 CONCRETE KERB:
4.6.1 Kerb to be of precast concrete.
4.6.2 No rendering.
4.6.3 Mortar joints to have groove and check for straightness.
4.6.4 Height above finished road surface – 25 cm.

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