Deck Connection and Fastening Guide

RECOMMENDATIONS FOR THE CONSTRUCTION OF BUILDING CODE-COMPLIANT DECKS

(800) 999-5099 | strongtie.com

 Continuous Load Path

Continuous Load Path

As with your home, your deck should be built using
a “continuous load path.” The continuous load path
is an engineering concept that, when constructed Lateral
Loads
correctly, assures loads are adequately transferred
from point of application to the foundation via
the structural components and connections. Guard System
Continuous load paths are typically constructed
to resist the forces from gravity (vertical), lateral
(horizontal) and uplift loads. For example, the
vertical load path would effectively transfer the
weight (load) of the deck and everything on it
through its frame, to the foundation or the adjacent LINE
PLAT

support structure (typically your home), and finally

PLATE
LINE

to the ground. If your deck is built with a continuous

load path, it will be better equipped to resist forces,
such as occupancy, wind, snow and earthquakes.
Visit go.strongtie.com/deckcenter to learn more Joist-to-Beam
about achieving a continuous load path in the
construction of your deck.
Beam-to-Post

Ledger
Attachment

Post
Bases
A safe deck is built with
fasteners and connectors
that create a continuous
load path. Footings

Continuous
Load Path

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Contents

Continuous Load Path . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2 Ledger Connections . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 32–34

Everything You Need to Build a Strong Deck Lateral Connections to Primary Structure . . . . . . . . . . 35
in One Place . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4 Joists Terminating into Beam/Ledger . . . . . . . . . . . 36–37
Joists Bearing on a Beam . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 38
Mitigating Corrosion Risk . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5
Guard Post to Deck Framing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 39–42
Selecting Connector and Fastener Coatings . . . . . . . . . 6
Guardrail Infill Component Connections . . . . . . . . 43–44
Corrosion Information . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7–8
Guardrail Assemblies —
Build a Safe, Strong Deck . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9 Flush and Dropped Rail Caps . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 45
Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10–11 Stair Stringers and Treads . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 46
Code Concerns . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12–13
Performance Fasteners for Decks . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 47
Critical Deck Connections Checklist . . . . . . . . . . . . 14–15
Structural Wood Fastening . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 48
Concealed Deck Connections Checklist . . . . . . . . . 16–17
Screws for Decking . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 49
Existing Decks: Retrofit or Replace? . . . . . . . . . . . . 18–19
Color-Matched Fasteners for
Help for Designing Your Deck . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20 Composite and PVC Decking . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 50
Deck Planner Software™ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21 Hidden Deck Fastening . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 51
Fastener Software . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22–23 Nails for Decking . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 52
DCA6 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 24 Quik Drive Auto-Feed Screw Driving Systems
®

for Decking . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 53
Deck Solutions for a Safe, Code-Compliant Deck . . 25
Footings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 26 Connector Fastener Selection Guide . . . . . . . . . . . . 54
Post Bases Installed . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 27–29 Connector Fastener Types . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 55
Beam Assemblies and Beam-to-Post Connections . . . 30 Fastener Information . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 56
Beam-to-Post Connections . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 31 Connector Fastener Information . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 57

F-DECKCODE25 © 2025 Simpson Strong-Tie Company Inc. (800) 999-5099 | strongtie.com Deck Connection and Fastening Guide | 3
 Everything You Need to Build a Strong Deck in One Place

Visit the Deck Center at go.strongtie.com/deckcenter

We have brought all of our information and training on building stronger, safer decks together in one location
to make learning easier than ever.

A Word About Building Codes

This guide recommends connectors and fasteners for deck construction that help the deck builder meet the requirements of the
2018/2021/2024 International Building Code and the 2018/2021/2024 International Residential Code. The information contained
here is a summary of the requirements of these codes as they pertain to the connections highlighted in this guide. The building
codes contain other requirements regarding aspects of deck construction that are not addressed here; check the codes for details.
Check with your local building department to verify what building codes have been adopted in your area.

Product Approvals
Selection of products based upon performance and/or suitability for a specific application should be made by a qualified
professional. Simpson Strong‑Tie recommends that deck designs be approved by the local building department before
construction begins.
International Building Code and International Residential Code are registered trademarks of their respective organizations.

Limited Warranty
For information regarding the Simpson Strong-Tie Limited Warranty, see strongtie.com/limited-warranties or call (800) 999-5099.

Resources to Make Building Easier

Deck Planner Application, go.strongtie.com/deckplanner — deck design software Deck Fastener

DPS

FF
Planner Finder
Software™
Fastener Finder, go.strongtie.com/fastenerfinder — fastener identification software
Fastener Designer Application, go.strongtie.com/fastenerdesigner — fastener load and
application mapping software
“Deck Inspection for New and Existing Construction,” go.strongtie.com/training —
Hanger Fastener
Simpson Strong-Tie deck training course
HS

FD
Selector Designer

“DCA 6 Residential Wood Deck Construction Guide,” awc.org — prescriptive guide for
residential decks
NADRA Deck Evaluation Checklist, nadra.org/deck-safety

4 | Deck Connection and Fastening Guide (800) 999-5099 | strongtie.com F-DECKCODE25 © 2025 Simpson Strong-Tie Company Inc.
Mitigating
Corrosion
Risk
 Selecting Connector and Fastener Coatings

Corrosion Issues
When selecting hardware or fasteners for deck construction, it is important
to use connectors and fasteners with a level of corrosion resistance
appropriate to the application.
Connectors and fasteners are exposed to the weather and often treatment
chemicals in outdoor environments leading to an increased corrosion hazard.
If building a deck in an area especially prone to moisture, such as along
the coast or near bodies of water, the risk of corrosion is much higher. In
addition, the chemicals used in some preservative-treated woods have
been found to increase the corrosion of connectors and fasteners. Other
corrosion risk factors include exposure to fire retardants, fumes, fertilizers,
soil, industrial zones, acid rain and other corrosive elements.
Depending on the deck materials and environmental conditions,
Simpson Strong‑Tie ZMAX coated (G185) and hot-dip galvanized (HDG)
® ®

connectors and fasteners may provide adequate corrosion resistance. If you

Dry Service
choose to use ZMAX or HDG on your deck project, you should periodically
inspect your connectors and fasteners or have a professional inspection
performed. When using ZMAX/HDG connectors, you must use fasteners
galvanized per ASTM A153, SDS screws with a double-barrier coating, or
SD screws with a mechanically galvanized coating.
For high and severe corrosion applications, stainless-steel connectors and
fasteners offer the best defense against corrosion. Simpson Strong‑Tie offers
a variety of connectors and fasteners in stainless steel for deck construction.
For more information on corrosion and selecting the appropriate finish for
your application, visit go.strongtie.com/info.

The Science Behind Stainless Steel

Simpson Strong-Tie connectors are available in Type 316 stainless steel,
and Simpson Strong-Tie fasteners are available in either Type 316 or Type
304 /305 stainless steel. Type 300 Series stainless steels contain chromium
that is activated on the surface as chromium oxide and protects the base Wet Service
metal from corrosive attack. Type 316 stainless steel contains molybdenum,
which increases corrosion resistance in chloride-containing exposures, such
as saltwater environments.

Common Conditions That Can Affect Corrosion

Resistance of Metal Connectors and Fasteners
• Ocean salt air • Fertilizers
• Water • Soil
• Preservative-treated wood • Industrial zones
• Fire retardant-treated wood • Concrete
• Salt used to deice or melt snow • Weather exposure
• Pool or hot tub chemicals
Always Use Stainless-Steel Fasteners with Stainless-Steel Connectors

The allowable loads of stainless-steel connectors match those of carbon-steel High/Severe

connectors when installed with Simpson Strong-Tie stainless-steel, SCNR™ ring-shank
®

nails. For more information, refer to the Fastening Systems Technical Guide.

Go to go.strongtie.com/stainlesssteel for more information regarding stainless-steel fasteners and connectors.

6 | Deck Connection and Fastening Guide (800) 999-5099 | strongtie.com F-DECKCODE25 © 2025 Simpson Strong-Tie Company Inc.
Corrosion Information

Corrosion Resistance Classifications

Material to Be Fastened
Preservative-Treated Wood
Environment Untreated
SBX-DOT Chemical Chemical Other FRT
Wood or
Zinc Retention ≤ AWPA, Retention > AWPA, ACZA or Wood
Other Material
Borate UC4A UC4A Uncertain

Dry Service Low Low Low High Medium High Medium

Wet Service Medium N/A Medium High High High High
Elevated Service High N/A Severe Severe High Severe N/A
Uncertain High High High Severe High Severe Severe
Ocean/Water Front Severe N/A Severe Severe Severe Severe N/A
1. Always consider the importance of the connection as well as the cost of 5. Some chemically-treated wood may have chemical retentions greater than
maintenance and replacement. specification, particularly near the surface, making it potentially more corrosive
2. If the information about treatment chemicals in an application is incomplete, than chemically-treated wood with lower retentions. If this condition is
or if there is any uncertainty as to the service environment of any application, suspected, use Type 316/305/304 stainless-steel, silicon bronze, or copper
Simpson Strong-Tie recommends the use of a Type 300 Series stainless fasteners.
steel. Simpson Strong-Tie has evaluated the corrosion effects of various 6. Some woods, such as cedars, redwood, and oak, contain water-soluble tannins
formulations of wood treatment chemicals ACZA, ACQ, CCA, MCA, CA, and are susceptible to staining when in contact with metal connectors and
and salt as corrosion accelerators. Simpson Strong-Tie has not evaluated all fasteners. Applying a quality finish to all surfaces of the wood prior to installation
formulations and retentions of the named wood treatment chemicals other can help reduce staining.
than to use coatings and materials in the severe category. Manufacturers 7. Anchors, fasteners and connectors in contact with FRT (fire retardant treated)
may independently provide test results or other product information. Simpson lumber shall be hot-dip galvanized or stainless steel, unless recommended
Strong-Tie expresses no opinion regarding such information. otherwise by the FRT manufacturer. Many FRT manufacturers permit low-
3. Type 316/305/304 stainless-steel products are recommended where corrosion-resistant connector and fastener coatings for dry-service conditions.
preservative-treated wood used in ground contact has a chemical retention 8. Simpson Strong-Tie does not recommend painting stainless-steel anchors,
level greater than those for AWPA UC4A; CA-C, 0.15 pcf; CA-B, 0.21 pcf; fasteners or connectors. Imperfections or damage to the paint can facilitate
micronized CA-C, 0.14 pcf; micronized CA-B, 0.15 pcf; ACQ-Type D (or C), collection of dirt and water that can degrade or block the passive formation
0.40 pcf. When wood treated with micronized CA-C and micronized CA-B with of the protective chromium oxide film. When this happens, crevice corrosion
treatment retentions up to UC4B is in dry service, hot-dip galvanized fasteners can initiate and eventually become visible as a brown stain or red rust. Painting
and connectors may be suitable. usually does not improve the corrosion resistance of stainless steel.
4. Mechanical galvanizations C 3 and N2000 should not be used in conditions that
would be more corrosive than AWPA UC3A (exterior, above ground, rapid water
run off).

Coatings and Materials Available for Connectors

Level of
Coating or
Corrosion Description
Material
Resistance

Compatible Fastener/
Connectors
Anchor Material or Finish

Organic paint intended to protect the product while it is warehoused and in transit to
Gray Paint
the jobsite.
Bright,
Hot-Dip Galvanized,
Low Powder Coating Baked-on paint finish that is more durable than standard paint.
Mechanically Galvanized,
or Double-Barrier Coating
Standard (G90) zinc-galvanized coating containing 0.90 oz. of zinc per square foot of
Galvanized
surface area (total both sides).

Galvanized (G185) 1.85 oz. of zinc per square foot of surface area (hot-dip galvanized per Hot-Dip Galvanized,
ASTM A653) total for both sides. Products with a powder-coat finish over a ZMAX base
®

Mechanically Galvanized,
have the same level of corrosion resistance. or Double-Barrier Coating
PC with ZMAX
Medium Bright fasteners may be used
with ZMAX or HDG connectors
Products are hot-dip galvanized after fabrication (14 ga. and thicker). The coating weight where low corrosion resistance
increases with material thickness. The minimum average coating weight is 2.0 oz./ft.2 (per is allowed.
ASTM A123) total for both sides. Anchor bolts are hot-dip galvanized per ASTM F2329.

Type 316 stainless steel is a nickel-chromium austenitic grade of stainless steel with 2–3%
High/ Type 316 molybdenum. Type 316 stainless steel is not hardened by heat treatment and is inherently
Stainless Type 316 Stainless Steel
Severe nonmagnetic. It provides a level of corrosion protection suitable for severe environments,
Steel especially environments with chlorides.

F-DECKCODE25 © 2025 Simpson Strong-Tie Company Inc. (800) 999-5099 | strongtie.com Deck Connection and Fastening Guide | 7
 Corrosion Information

Coatings and Materials for Fasteners and Anchors

Level of Coating or
Corrosion Description
Resistance Material
Fasteners and Anchors

Bright No surface coating.

Electrocoating utilizes electrical current to deposit the coating material on the fastener. After application, the coating
Electrocoating
is cured in an oven. Electrocoating provides a minimum amount of corrosion protection and is recommended for dry,
(E-coat)
low-corrosive applications.

Clear, Yellow, and Bright Zinc, Zinc coatings applied by electrogalvanizing processes to fasteners that are used in dry service and with no
ASTM F1941 environmental or material corrosion hazard.

Low Phosphate Gray phosphate provides a minimum level of corrosion resistance and is intended for dry, low-corrosive applications.
(gray/black) Black phosphate provides a minimum level of corrosion resistance and is intended for dry, low-corrosive applications.

Type 410 Type 410 stainless steel is a low-carbon martensitic grade of stainless steel that can be hardened and is inherently
Stainless Steel magnetic. This material provides corrosion resistance in mild atmospheres and many mild chemical environments.

Heavy Electrogalvanized Electroplated zinc applied in accordance with ASTM A641, Class 1. This is an electroplated zinc coating that provides
a low level of corrosion resistance. The Class 1 coating has no specified red rust performance criteria in the B117 salt
(ASTM A641 – Class 1) spray test.

Hot-dip galvanized fasteners 3/8" and smaller in diameter in accordance with ASTM A153, Class D. Hot-dip galvanized
fasteners are compliant with the 2018, 2021 and 2024 IRC and IBC.
ASTM A153, Class D

Type 410 Stainless Steel Carbon martensitic grade of stainless steel that is inherently magnetic, with an added protective top coat. This material
with Protective Top Coat can be used in mild atmospheres and many mild chemical environments.

Simpson Strong-Tie Strong-Drive SD Connector screws are manufactured with a mechanically applied zinc coating in accordance
®

Mechanically Galvanized Coating,

with ASTM B695, Class 55, with a supplemental overcoat. These fasteners are compatible with painted and zinc-coated (G90
ASTM B695, Class 55
and ZMAX ) connectors and are recognized in evaluation reports that can be found on strongtie.com.
®

Medium

Quik Guard Coating

®
Quik Guard is a proprietary coating that consists of an electroplated zinc base layer and a system of organic top coats.

Simpson Strong-Tie Strong-Drive SDS Heavy-Duty Connector screws and Outdoor Accents structural wood screws are
®

Double-Barrier
manufactured with a double-barrier coating that provides a level of corrosion protection equaling that provided by HDG
Coating
coating and are recognized in evaluation reports that can be found on strongtie.com.

Type 304 Stainless, Types 304 and 305 stainless steels are nickel-chromium austenitic grades of stainless steel. Types 304 and 305
High
Type 305 Stainless stainless steels are not hardened by heat treatment and are inherently nonmagnetic.

Simpson Strong-Tie Strong-Drive Timber-Hex screws are hot-dip galvanized in accordance with ASTM A153, Class C. These
hot-dip galvanized fasteners have a minimum average of 1.25 oz./ft.2 of zinc coating and are compliant with the 2018, 2021
ASTM A153, Class C and 2024 IRC and IBC.

Severe
Type 316 stainless steel is a nickel-chromium austenitic grade of stainless steel with 2–3% molybdenum. It provides
Type 316
a level of corrosion protection suitable for severe environments, especially environments with chlorides. Type 316
Stainless Steel
stainless-steel fasteners are compliant with the 2018, 2021 and 2024 IRC and IBC.

8 | Deck Connection and Fastening Guide (800) 999-5099 | strongtie.com F-DECKCODE25 © 2025 Simpson Strong-Tie Company Inc.
Build
a Safe,
Strong
Deck
 Introduction

Build a Safe, Strong Deck

A beautiful deck is about more than the framing and connections. It’s about the experiences and
connections that happen between people while they are enjoying their time outside. Outdoor living
can enhance our enjoyment of life immeasurably, and a well-built deck can make an important
contribution to that aspect of our lifestyle. Simpson Strong-Tie believes that a beautiful deck must
also be safe and strong.

10 | Deck Connection and Fastening Guide (800) 999-5099 | strongtie.com F-DECKCODE25 © 2025 Simpson Strong-Tie Company Inc.
Introduction

Deck Construction and Fastening Tips

• Before beginning construction, allow your decking materials • Use caution to avoid overdriving fasteners during installation.
to acclimate to the jobsite conditions. A freshly preservative- Overdriving can cause fastener breakage and create a
treated deck board can contain over a gallon of liquid. counterbore where water can pool, facilitating corrosion
and decay.
• Select the proper fastener based on the importance of
the connection, exposure, and the materials that are • Allow for proper water drainage. A deck should slope away
being fastened. Consult pp. 6–8 and pp. 55– 57 of from the structure a minimum of 1/8" to 1/4" per every 12" to
this guide for guidelines regarding corrosion resistance and on reduce the possibility of standing water.
choosing the correct fastener.
• For composite decking to be installed diagonally, reduce the
• Consider using Type 300 Series stainless-steel fasteners when on-center joist spacing following recommendations of the deck
elevated corrosion conditions may exist, such as presence of board manufacturer and building code.
deicing salts or close proximity to swimming pools, hot tubs,
• Adequate ventilation is necessary to minimize cupping, warping
sprinklers, ponds, foliage and other moisture sources.
and other weathering related defects. Construct the deck a
• Inadequate gap spacing between boards can put additional minimum of 18" off the ground to allow proper air circulation. If
load on the fasteners and lead to broken screws or nail pops. this is not possible, install a plastic film moisture barrier under
Spacing for wood decks depends on wood species and the deck.
moisture content.
• Proper maintenance is essential. Staining and sealing, along
• For composite decking, consult manufacturer fastening with periodic inspection of fasteners and hardware, will
requirements and installation instructions related to spacing. potentially add years to the life of the deck.
• If the deck is attached to a wall or floor assembly of wood-frame
construction, approved corrosion-resistant flashing should be
applied to prevent water entry or penetration into the building.

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 Code Concerns

Do Decks Really Need to Meet Building Code Requirements?

Because decks may look relatively simple to build, many Starting with the 2015 edition, the IRC has contained an
people do not realize that they are structures that need to be entire section describing specific requirements for safe deck
constructed to meet minimum standards and resist certain construction. These have been refined and increased in every
loads. Like a house, or any other building, a deck must support edition since then. These requirements are a start for safe
the weight of people and objects placed on it, as well as lateral construction of every deck. Some smaller decks that are low
and uplift loads that can act on the deck as a result of occupant to the ground are allowed by the IRC to be exempted from
movement, wind or seismic activity. The 2018 / 2021 /2024 building permit requirements. However, that does not mean that
versions of both the IBC and IRC contain language outlining the they are exempt from having to meet the minimum basic code
general design requirements of structures. This excerpt from the requirements.
2018 / 2021 /2024 IRC (Section R301.1) represents a summary
of the intent of both codes: “The construction of buildings and
structures in accordance with the provisions of this code shall
result in a system that provides a complete load path that meets
the requirements for the transfer of loads from their point of
origin through the load-resisting elements to the foundation.”
The concept of the continuous load path is described on p. 2.

12 | Deck Connection and Fastening Guide (800) 999-5099 | strongtie.com F-DECKCODE25 © 2025 Simpson Strong-Tie Company Inc.
Code Concerns

Common Building Code Violations

The following code requirements can be easily overlooked in deck construction:

1. P
 roper fastening of the ledger to the house
IRC and IBC codes prohibit the “use of toenails or nails subject to withdrawal”
when making ledger connections, yet a number of deck failures each year result
due to using these or other types of improper fasteners. For more information, see
pp. 32–34.

2. P
 roper fastening of guard posts to the deck
IRC and IBC codes require the guard post to resist a 200 lb. design load. This load,
applied horizontally at the top of the guard post, creates a large leverage force where
the guard post attaches to the deck framing. For more information, see p. 39.

3. Post-base connections
IRC and IBC codes require posts “be restrained to prevent lateral displacement
at the bottom end.” This requirement is important because most decks cannot
safely support part or all of their load if a post base can move. For more information,
see pp. 27–29.

4. O
 penings in guards and stair railings
IRC and IBC codes place a limit on the size of openings, for the occupants’ safety in
case of tripping or falling, and for the safety of small children. For more information,
see p. 46.

5. L
 ateral-load solutions
IRC and IBC codes require that a deck be designed for both the vertical and lateral
loads. Deck failures with injuries occur when people move around on a deck and
create that lateral movement, causing the deck to pull away from the primary
structure before collapsing. For more information, see p. 35.

6. D
 iagonal bracing
While not specifically addressed in the IRC and IBC codes, many regional and local
WS22

jurisdictions require diagonal bracing for decks over a certain height above grade and
not adequately braced by an adjacent structure, like a home. This bracing provides
much needed stability and resistance to lateral forces caused by occupants on the
WS22

deck or seismic and wind events. For more information, see figures on p. 31,
AWC's DCA6, or consult your local building department.

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 Critical Deck Connections Checklist

Guardrail Infill
Component
Connections
(p. 43)

S#.#
S#.#

S#.#

S#.#

S#.#
S#.#

S#.#

S#.# S#.#

S#.#
S#.# S#.#

S#.#

S#.#

S#.#
S#.#

Lateral-Load
Connection
(p. 35)
SIMPSON
Strong-Tie®

SIMPSON
Strong-Tie®

LINE
PLATE

PLATE
LINE

SIMPSON
Strong-Tie®
H1AZ
ESR-2523
Use & Warning:
strongtie.com/info

Joist to Ledger Ledger Attachment Beam to Post Joist to Beam Knee Brace
(p. 32) (p. 32) (pp. 30–31) (p. 38) (p. 31)

14 | Deck Connection and Fastening Guide (800) 999-5099 | strongtie.com F-DECKCODE25 © 2025 Simpson Strong-Tie Company Inc.
 Critical Deck Connections Checklist

To build a safe, building-code-compliant deck, it’s essential that the deck construction establish a continuous
load path using a system of key connections throughout the deck framing. When this system of connections is
made properly, loads are transferred through the deck frame and into the ground and/or the adjacent structure to
which the deck is connected.
The connections shown below are necessary in order to create an effective continuous load path.
For information on the inspection of existing decks, see p. 18, and for resources, see p. 4.
Use the diagram below to determine which deck connections are needed for new construction or which may need
to be retrofitted for existing construction. For ledger connections to concrete and/or brick, see pp. 33–34.

Guardrail-to-Post
Connections
(p. 43)

Stair Stringer to
S#.#

S#.#
S#.#
S#.#

S#.#
S#.#

Deck Framing
(p. 46)
S#.#

S#.#
S#.#
S#.#

S#.#
S#.#
S#.#

S#.#

S#.#

S#.# S#.#

S#.#

S#.#

S#.#

S#.#

S#.#

S#.#

S#.#

S#.#
S#.#

S#.#

S#.#

SIM
Stro PSON
ng-T ®
ie

S#.#

S#.#

Post to Footing
S#.#

S#.#

Emb
edm
ent
Line

(pp. 26–29)

Guard Post to Stair Tread to Stringer

Deck Framing (p. 46)
(pp. 39–42)

F-DECKCODE25 © 2025 Simpson Strong-Tie Company Inc. (800) 999-5099 | strongtie.com Deck Connection and Fastening Guide | 15
 Concealed Deck Connections Checklist

1015 1015 1015

W S 22

1015 1015 1015

3

W S 22 W S 22 W S 22

3 3 3

Lateral-Load Joist to Ledger Ledger Attachment Guardrail Infill Knee Brace

Connection Concealed Flange (p. 32) Component (p. 31)
(p. 35) (p. 36) Connections
(p. 43–44)

16 | Deck Connection and Fastening Guide (800) 999-5099 | strongtie.com F-DECKCODE25 © 2025 Simpson Strong-Tie Company Inc.
Concealed Deck Connections Checklist

As alternatives to traditional deck connections that are listed in the previous page(s) checklists, there are methods
and products to provide hidden or concealed connections. These connections are code compliant, and again, it’s
essential that the deck construction establish a continuous load path using a system of these key connections.
These concealed connections are alternatives and also create an effective continuous load path.
For information on the inspection of existing decks, see p. 18, and for resources, see p. 4.
Use the diagram below to determine which concealed deck connections are available to complement (or replace)
traditional connections for new construction, or which may need to be retrofitted for existing construction. For
ledger connections to concrete and/or brick, see pp. 33–34.

Guardrail-to-Post
Connections
(p. 43)

Stair Stringer to
Deck Framing
(p. 46)

Joist to Beam
(p. 38)

Beam to Post
(p. 31)

Guard Post to Post to Footing

Deck Framing (p. 28)
(p. 42)

F-DECKCODE25 © 2025 Simpson Strong-Tie Company Inc. (800) 999-5099 | strongtie.com Deck Connection and Fastening Guide | 17
 Existing Decks: Retrofit or Replace?

Do I Need to Retrofit?
Retrofitting an Existing Deck
It’s estimated that of the approximately 60 million existing decks, half are past their useful life and need to be replaced. Experts
believe that many of these decks are potentially unsafe. In situations where it’s not feasible to rebuild an existing deck, it may
be preferable to retrofit it by applying hardware to existing framing members. Many of the products shown in this guide may be
installed after deck framing is in place and can improve the safety of the structure and help bring it within the requirements of
the code.

Life Expectancy of Decks

Most experts agree that the average life expectancy of a preservative-treated wood framed deck is 10 to 20 years, or even
less in some regions. Decks are exposed to the elements, which can cause deterioration. It’s important that decks are properly
inspected and maintained on a routine basis. If you are unsure what to inspect for or how often, it’s best to consult with a qualified
professional, such as a structural engineer, architect, home inspector or contractor, in order to make sure the deck is safe.

Five Things to Look for on an Existing Deck

It is recommended that you inspect your deck annually for issues that need to be addressed. It's best to do this prior
to seasons when you use your deck most. When inspecting a deck to determine overall safety and compliance with
building codes, look at the five areas below. Use this checklist to help ensure a thorough evaluation.

1. Improper Connections
Any connections that do not meet the requirements discussed in this guide can
compromise the safety of the deck. In many cases, toenailing (i.e., joining two
wood members with angled nailing) does not constitute a proper connection.
Connectors must be installed with the correct fastener.

2. Loose Connections
Vital connections may have degraded. Wobbly railings, loose stairs and ledgers
that appear to be pulling away from the adjacent structure are all causes for
concern.

3. Corrosion
Metal connectors and fasteners can corrode, especially if a product with
insufficient corrosion resistance was originally installed. See pp. 6–8 for
more information on corrosion.

4. Decay
Wood can decay with exposure to the elements. Deck framing members that
have decayed may no longer be able to perform the function for which they
were intended.

5. Splitting
As wood ages, it is common for splitting to develop. Large cracks or excessive
splitting can weaken deck framing members.

18 | Deck Connection and Fastening Guide (800) 999-5099 | strongtie.com F-DECKCODE25 © 2025 Simpson Strong-Tie Company Inc.
Existing Decks: Retrofit or Replace?

Connector Solutions for Retrofitting

The following connectors are some of the products that may
be suitable for deck retrofit. Selection of products based upon
performance and/or suitability for a specific application should
be made by a qualified professional. Simpson Strong‑Tie
recommends that deck designs be approved by the local
building department before work begins.

ACHZ™ Post Caps

Two-piece cap may be installed before
or after lumber is in place.
Siding not shown for clarity

SIM
StronPSON
g-T ®
ie
RPB
Z
ESR
-252
Use 3
& Warn
stron ings:
gtie.c
om/i
nfo

RPBZ Retrofit Post Base DJTZ LUS Joist Hanger

Reinforcement for Connects beams at Provides bearing and uplift
post applications. the side of the post. resistance, features double-
(shown with (available in black powder coat, shear nailing for added strength.
CPS Composite Post Standoff) ZMAX coating or stainless steel)
®
(available in ZMAX coating or
in stainless steel)

SIMPSON
Strong-Tie®

SIMPSON
Strong-Tie®

DTT1Z Deck Tension Tie ®

H1A/H2.5A Hurricane Tie DTT2 Deck Tension Tie
Lateral connections into wall plates, Attaches to both sides of the joist. LINE
PLAT

Horizontal application fastening

header or studs. (available in ZMAX coating) guard post to deck framing.
PLATE
LINE

(siding not shown for clarity) (available in ZMAX coating or

in stainless steel)

F-DECKCODE25 © 2025 Simpson Strong-Tie Company Inc. (800) 999-5099 | strongtie.com Deck Connection and Fastening Guide | 19
Help for
Designing
Your Deck
Deck Planner Software™

Deck-design software provides a user-friendly means of planning, designing and

Deck

DPS
visualizing new deck construction, as well as deck-remodel projects.
Simpson Strong-Tie Deck Planner Software helps you quickly design a custom
®
Planner
deck, whether for retrofits or a new build. Once the design is completed, the tool
dynamically generates building permit submittal pages and a project materials list.
Software™
Deck Planner Software allows for the design of decks with fast and powerful
editing tools:
• Design in 2D or 3D environments
• Use the deck-shaping tools to insert specific deck dimensions
• Select from different wood species for your framing lumber
• Easy-to-use deck drawing tool allows user to draw the outline of their deck before
designing
• Deck Planner Software is available for PC and iPad devices.
The software can also generate full deck plans, specifications and a bill of materials.
To access the Deck Planner Software, visit go.strongtie.com/deckplanner.

F-DECKCODE25 © 2025 Simpson Strong-Tie Company Inc. (800) 999-5099 | strongtie.com Deck Connection and Fastening Guide | 21
 Fastener Software

Select with Fastener Designer

Fastener Designer is a web-based application that helps you find
alternatives to the specified fasteners in your plans, giving you
more design flexibility. This application quickly finds alternatives
to standard NDS fasteners for six common applications:
• Withdrawal loading
• Lateral load parallel to grain
• Lateral load perpendicular to grain
• Multi-ply connections
• Ledger connections
• Sole-plate-to-rim board
Results come with detailed load calculations for both the NDS
fastener and the recommended Simpson Strong-Tie structural
screw. See go.strongtie.com/fastenerdesigner for more
information.

Fastener
FD

Designer

Search with Fastener Finder

Fastener

FF
Quickly search our wide array of fasteners to find exactly what you
Finder
need. Search by multiple criteria, such as application, fastener type,
finish/material and model number. Explore our extensive product line
in seconds in order to compare, specify or buy. Find the right fastener
now by accessing our online Fastener Finder. Visit our website at
go.strongtie.com/fastenerfinder.

Scan code for more

information.

22 | Deck Connection and Fastening Guide (800) 999-5099 | strongtie.com F-DECKCODE25 © 2025 Simpson Strong-Tie Company Inc.
Software Tools

Find the Right Software Support for Your Project

These are apps that can help with decks and other outdoor living projects such as pergolas
and fencing.

Deck Planner Software™ Fastener Finder Application

Deck Fastener
DPS

FF
Planner Design a strong custom deck in minutes, Finder Explore our extensive array of screws, nails
Software™ along with dynamically generating permit and specialty fasteners to find the exact
submittal pages and project materials list. product you need in seconds. Search by
multiple criteria, such as application, type
go.strongtie.com/deckplanner
and model number.
go.strongtie.com/fastenerfinder

Pergola Planner Software™ Fastener Designer Application

Pergola Fastener
PPS

FD
Planner Create a great outdoor space with Designer Find Simpson Strong-Tie structural screw
Software™ Pergola Planner Software from alternatives and calculate detailed loads
Simpson Strong-Tie. for specified standard NDS fastener.
See fastenings designed per IBC and
go.strongtie.com/pergolaplanner
IRC codes.
go.strongtie.com/fastenerdesigner

Fence Planner Software™ Code Report Finder Application

Fence Code
FPS

CRF

Planner Build a strong, beautiful fence that Report Easily find the code report for Simpson
Software™ conforms to your customer’s property Finder Strong-Tie products.
dimensions and local building codes.
go.strongtie.com/compliance
Choose design options, print permit
submittal page and view a complete
materials list.
go.strongtie.com/fenceplanner

F-DECKCODE25 © 2025 Simpson Strong-Tie Company Inc. (800) 999-5099 | strongtie.com Deck Connection and Fastening Guide | 23
 DCA6 — A Prescriptive Guide for Residential Wood Decks

What Is the DCA6?

The Design for Code Acceptance DCA6 Prescriptive Residential Wood Deck Construction
Guide — 2015 IRC version publication by American Wood Council, provides prescriptive
methods for the construction of single-level decks to meet the provisions of the 2015
International Residential Code (IRC). Information is included where the IRC has yet to develop
provisions. The prescriptive methods shown are not meant to limit the use of alternate means
and methods that are not shown. If there are any conflicts between the DCA6 and IRC, the
IRC provisions govern. The guide is available for download at awc.org.

What is the scope of DCA6?

• The guide applies to single-level residential wood decks.
• Maximum live or snow loads are 40 psf. Large concentrated loads, such as hot tubs, are
outside the scope.
• Lateral loads are addressed to the extent of the IRC provisions.

Can the current DCA6-2015 IRC edition be used with 2018, 2021 or 2024
IRC editions?
• The guide is in the process of being updated to the new IRC editions. The current DCA6-2015
IRC edition could be used for 2018, 2021 or 2024 IRC designs that have the same scope.

TECHNICAL BULLETIN

Connection Solutions to Meet the DCA6

Prescriptive Residential Wood Deck Construction Guide
(Based on the 2015 International Residential Code)

The Design for Code Acceptance DCA6 Prescriptive

Residential Wood Deck Construction Guide — 2015 IRC
version publication by American Wood Council, provides
prescriptive methods for the construction of single-level
decks to meet the provisions of the 2015 International
Residential Code (IRC). Information is included where
the IRC has yet to develop provisions. The prescriptive
methods shown are not meant to limit the use of
alternate means and methods that are not shown. If
there are any conflicts between the DCA6 and IRC, the
IRC provisions govern.

This technical bulletin provides Simpson Strong-Tie®

connector, fastener, and anchor solutions to meet the
DCA6 provisions. Additional alternate methods are
included. Reference to other Simpson Strong-Tie
documentation is made for full installation information
and additional technical detail.

Simpson Strong-Tie recommends that deck designs

be approved by the local building department before
construction begins.

Courtesy, American Wood Council, Leesburg, VA

General notes for the use of this document:

• The DCA6 scope applies to single-level residential wood decks. Maximum live or snow loads are 40 psf. Large point
loads, such as hot tubs, are outside the scope. Lateral loads are addressed to the extent of the IRC provisions.
• Connector, fastener and anchor solutions contained in this document are equivalent to DCA6 provisions,
unless noted otherwise. Additional options may be available on strongtie.com.
© 2021 Simpson Strong-Tie Company Inc. T-C-DCA6DECK21

• Framing lumber wood species: SPF, HF, DF and SP lumber.

• Solutions include wet service adjustment.
• Nails for nailed stainless steel connectors must be Strong-Drive® SCNR Ring-Shank Connector Nails.
Refer to p. 11 for further information.
• Nailed connectors may be installed alternately with Strong-Drive SD Connector screws, unless noted otherwise.
Refer to p. 11 for substitution information.
• A worksheet is included to assist in the count of connectors, fasteners and anchors for a project.

Table of Contents
Decking; Beam Assembly; Joist-to-Beam ................ 2 Guard Post Attachment; Guard Infill ......................... 8
Joist Hangers; Post-to-Beam .................................. 3 Stair Connections .................................................... 9
Post-to-Beam; Diagonal Bracing ............................. 4 Trimmer Joist Hangers ............................................. 9
Rim Joist Connection Details; Post-to-Footing ......... 5 Corrosion Information ............................................ 10
Ledger Board Attachments...................................... 6 Simpson Strong-Tie Fasteners .............................. 11 Technical bulletin T-C-DCA6DECK
Deck Lateral Loads.................................................. 7 Worksheet ............................................................. 12 provides connector, fastener and
anchor solutions to meet the DCA6
1 provisions. Additional alternative
methods are included.

24 | Deck Connection and Fastening Guide (800) 999-5099 | strongtie.com F-DECKCODE25 © 2025 Simpson Strong-Tie Company Inc.
Deck
Solutions
for a Safe,
Code-
Compliant
Deck
 Footings

In order for posts to properly resist various types of loads, they must be supported by, and Building Code
anchored to, concrete footings. Thin concrete slabs and precast concrete piers do not qualify Requirements
as proper footings for decks attached to the structure.
Minimum Size
• Minimum size per
Table R507.3.1
2018 /2021/2024 IRC
Section R507.3.1

• Minimum size 12" x 12" or

equivalent (14" round)
2018 /2021 /2024 IBC
Section 1809.4

Depth
• Minimum depth 12" below
undisturbed ground. Depth
shall extend below frost depth
(exceptions for permanent
frozen soil and free-standing
decks).
2018 /2021/2024 IRC
Section R507.3.2; 2021/2024
IRC Section R507.3.3
2018 /2021/2024 IBC
Section R1809.4, R1809.5

Performance
• Shall support all loads
according to Section R301
2018 /2021/2024 IRC
Section R403.1

• Shall be designed for live,

dead, lateral and net-induced
uplift forces (wind, seismic,
occupant, flood loads)
2018 /2021/2024 IBC
Section 1808

Note: In order to achieve

published load values, footings
must provide sufficient concrete
cover of the embedded portion of
S#.#
S#.#
S#.#
S#.#
Simpson Strong‑Tie cast‑in‑place
®

post and column bases. In some

S#.#

S#.#

S#.#
S#.#
S#.#
S#.#

S#.#

cases, a footing larger than

S#.#

S#.#
S#.#
S#.#

S#.#

S#.#
S#.#

S#.#

the minimum required by the

S#.#

S#.#

S#.#

S#.#
S#.#

building codes will be necessary

to meet these requirements. See
the Simpson Strong‑Tie Wood
Construction Connectors catalog
for more information.

26 | Deck Connection and Fastening Guide (800) 999-5099 | strongtie.com F-DECKCODE25 © 2025 Simpson Strong-Tie Company Inc.
Post Bases Installed into Concrete

Building Code Posts must be properly attached to a concrete footing in order to resist lateral and uplift
Requirements loads. Preservative-treated wood that is cut must be field treated or the post must be
elevated off the concrete by 1".
Load Resistance
• Columns shall be
restrained to prevent
lateral displacement at the
Simpson Strong‑Tie Solutions ®

bottom end. Such lateral Cast-in-Place

restraint shall be provided by These products are cast into the concrete at the time of the pour.
manufactured connectors
installed in accordance
with section R507 and the
manufacturer's requirements,
or a minimum post
embedment of 12 inches in
surrounding soils or concrete
piers. Wood columns shall
not be less in nominal size
than 4" x 4".
2018/ 2021/2024 IRC
Section R407.3 and R507.4
PPBZ Porch Post Base PBS Post Base CBSQ Column Base
2018 IBC Section 2304.10.7 Features a 1" standoff. with Standoff Installs with Strong-Drive SDS
®

2021/2024 IBC Section 2304.10.8 (features a ZMAX coating) ®

Features a 1" standoff. wood screws and features a
ZMAX or hot-dip 1" standoff. Hot-dip galvanized
galvanized coating
• Column and post-end coating recommended.
recommended.
connections shall be fastened
to resist lateral and net
induced uplift forces.
2018/ 2021/2024 IRC
Section R502.9 S#.#

S#.#
S#.#
S#.#
S#.#

S#.#

2018 IBC Section 2304.10.7 S#.#

SIM
PSON
Strong S#.#
MPB6
6Z
S2.5

S2.5

2021/2024 IBC Section 2304.10.8

-Tie®
S#.#

S#.#
S2.5

S#.#
S#.#
S2.5

SON ®
S2.5

SIMPg-Tie
Em Stron
bed
men
t Line S2.5

MPBZ Moment ®
APBDW Decorative
Post Base* Post Base Wrap
Provides moment Wraps around the MPBZ
resistance for wooden and matches style of other
columns or posts Outdoor Accents — ®

in free-standing structures. Mission Collection ®

Features 1" standoff tabs. connectors.

1:12 Slope
Downward slope per 2018/2021/2024 IRC
1" Figure R507.3.

*May eliminate bracing, contact design professional for additional information.

F-DECKCODE25 © 2025 Simpson Strong-Tie Company Inc. (800) 999-5099 | strongtie.com Deck Connection and Fastening Guide | 27
 Post Bases Installed After the Concrete Hardens

Simpson Strong‑Tie Solutions ®

Building Code
Requirements
Post Bases with Anchors
Load Resistance
These products utilize anchors installed before the pour or after the concrete hardens.
• Columns shall be
restrained to prevent
lateral displacement at the
bottom end. Such lateral
restraint shall be provided by
manufactured connectors
installed in accordance
with section R507 and the
1025
1025 1025

manufacturer's requirements,
or a minimum post
embedment of 12 inches in
surrounding soils or concrete
piers. Wood columns shall
not be less in nominal size
than 4" x 4".
ABWZ Adjustable ABAZ Adjustable 2018/ 2021/2024 IRC
Post Base with Standoff Post Base Section R407.3 and R507.4
(ZMAX coating) ®
(ZMAX coating)
2018 IBC Section 2304.10.7
2021/2024 IBC Section 2304.10.8

• Column and post-end

connections shall be fastened
to resist lateral and net
induced uplift forces.
2018/  2021/2024 IRC
Section R502.9
2018 IBC Section 2304.10.7
2021/2024 IBC Section 2304.10.8

ABU Adjustable Post Base CPT Concealed

with Standoff Post Tie
(available in ZMAX coating (available in ZMAX coating
and stainless steel) and stainless steel)

SIM
StronPSON
g-T ® WS22
ie
RPBZ 3.5
W22

ESR APVB
-252 312 W22
ER-1 44
Use 3 Use & 02
& Warn
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gtie. : 312 tie.com
com /info
/info

WS22

3.5

SIMP
Stron SON
g-Tie®

RPBZ with CPS — Outdoor Accents ®

Composite Plastic Standoff APB/APVB Post Base

(ZMAX coating) (ZMAX with
black powder coating)

28 | Deck Connection and Fastening Guide (800) 999-5099 | strongtie.com F-DECKCODE25 © 2025 Simpson Strong-Tie Company Inc.
Post Bases Installed on Existing Concrete

Post-Installed Anchors
Installing a post base on existing concrete requires the installation of a post-
installed anchor to attach the base to the concrete. Simpson Strong‑Tie offers a
variety of mechanical anchors and anchoring adhesives that are code listed for
structural applications.

Mechanical Anchors:
Titen HD Screw Anchor
®

Code listed for exterior use in cracked and uncracked concrete.

• Available in Mechanically Galvanized finish for medium-corrosion environments
• Available in Type 304 and 316 stainless steel for high- to severe-corrosion
environments
• Thread design undercuts to efficiently transfer the load to the base material
• Standard fractional sizes; hole size equals anchor size
• Fully and easily removable

Titen HD Mechanically Galvanized

ZMAX-coated post base installed using
Titen HD Mechanically Galvanized
screw anchor.

Titen HD Stainless Steel (Type 304 /316)

For more information on anchoring to concrete, go to

strongtie.com or refer to the following literature:
• Titen HD solutions for post bases, see TEB-PSTB24
RFB HDG Retrofit Bolt
• Anchoring ZMAX post bases with the stainless-steel Titen HD, see L-PBTHDSS
®
(used with SET-3G, AT-3G, and ET-3G)

Anchoring Adhesives
We offer the most versatile adhesive products with ultimate bonding strength. Our epoxy and hybrid acrylic
Cracked
adhesives perform in a wide-range of temperatures and in variable conditions allowing you to specify the Concrete ™

right adhesive that will keep your job moving. Refer to strongtie.com for information on RFB threaded rod,
CODE LISTED

drill bits, and hole brushes.

SET-3G™ High-Strength AT-3G™ High-Strength ET-3G™ Epoxy

Epoxy Adhesive Hybrid Acrylic Adhesive Adhesive
• For threaded rod and rebar • For threaded rod and rebar • For threaded rod and rebar
• Exceptional performance — • Excellent for use in cold- • Ideal for general
superior bond strengths weather conditions or doweling and threaded
• Approved for dry, water- applications where fast cure rod applications
saturated, water-filled holes is required • Use in base materials with
and submerged (underwater) • Approved for dry, water- temperatures between 50°F
installations in base materials saturated or water-filled (10°C) and 110°F (43°C)
with temperatures between holes in base materials with • NSF/ANSI/CAN Standard
40ºF (4ºC) and 100ºF (38ºC) temperatures between 23°F 61 approved
• NSF/ANSI/CAN Standard (-5°C) and 104°F (40°C)
61 approved • NSF/ANSI/CAN Standard 61
approved

For more information on these products, see the Simpson Strong-Tie Anchoring, Fastening, Restoration and Strengthening Systems for
Concrete and Masonry catalog or visit go.strongtie.com/anchors.

F-DECKCODE25 © 2025 Simpson Strong-Tie Company Inc. (800) 999-5099 | strongtie.com Deck Connection and Fastening Guide | 29
 Beam Assemblies and Beam-to-Post Connections

Multi-Ply Beam Assemblies Building Code

For multi-ply beam assemblies, the Strong-Tie SDWS™ Framing screw can be used as an
®
Requirements
alternative to 10d (0.128" x 3") box nails, when installed in the following configuration using
• Deck beams shall be fastened
16" o.c. spacing.
together with two rows of
10d (0.128" x 3") box nails
Built-up
2x Girders minimum at 16" o.c. along
and Beams each edge.
(Face Screw) SDWS FRAMING (SDWS16) IRC 2018/ 2021 /2024
Section R507.5
IBC 2018 Section 2304.10.1
IBC 2021 /2024 Section 2304.10.2

SDWS16 Screw, • Deck beams shall be attached

Spacing staggered in two rows*
to wood posts in accordance
with Figures R507.5.1(1) and
R507.5.1(2), Figures R507.5.2
16-30 16-30 16-30 16-30

(1) and R507.5.2 (2) for IRC

16-30 16-30 16-30 16-30 2024 or by other equivalent
Beam Assembly Detail* means capable to resist lateral
*Fastening pattern shown applies to each ply of the built-up 2x beam. displacement.
IRC 2018 /2021 /2024
Section R507.5.2

Beam-to-Post Connections

BC/BCS Post Cap LCE™/AC Post Caps ACHZ™ Post Caps

BC: For single-member solid sawn beams. Two-piece cap should be installed in pairs Two-piece cap should be installed in
BCS: Connects double 2x’s to a 4x post or before or after lumber is in place when the sides pairs and may be installed before or
triple 2x’s to a 6x post. ZMAX® coating or of the post and beam are flush. ZMAX coating after lumber is in place.
stainless steel recommended. or stainless steel recommended.

At the point where a beam meets a post, it must be properly connected to the post in order to resist gravity, lateral and uplift loads. This
pertains to solid sawn beams or those comprised of multiple members, whether they rest on top or are fastened to the side of the post.
For one-sided installations with LCE/AC and ACHZ post caps, refer to L-C-ONEPOSTCAP on strongtie.com.

30 | Deck Connection and Fastening Guide (800) 999-5099 | strongtie.com F-DECKCODE25 © 2025 Simpson Strong-Tie Company Inc.
Beam-to-Post Connections

Building Code
Requirements
Simpson Strong‑Tie Solutions ®

• Deck beams shall be attached

to wood posts in accordance
with Figures R507.5.1(1) and
R507.5.1(2), Figures R507.5.2
(1) and R507.5.2 (2) for IRC
2024 or by other equivalent
means capable to resist lateral
displacement. LPCZ Post Cap PCZ™/EPCZ™ Post Caps
IRC 2018 /2021 /2024 Two-piece cap adjusts for beams smaller Connects beams at the top of the post. Features
Section R507.5.2 than post width. Features a ZMAX® coating. ZMAX coating. Installation without shims, similar.

• Where posts and beam or S2.5

girder construction is used to

S2.5

S2.5

S2.5

S2.5

S2.5

support floor framing, positive

S2.5

SIMP
S2.5

Stro SON
S2.5

ng-Ti ®
CCQ4 e
S2.5

S2.5

S2.5

connections shall be provided

S2.5
S2.5

S2.5

to ensure against uplift and S2.5

lateral displacement.
S2.5

S2.5

S2.5

S2.5

S2.5

S2.5

S2.5

S2.5

IRC 2018 /2021 /2024

S2.5

S2.5

S2.5
S2.5

Section R502.9
S2.5

IBC 2018 Section 2304.10.7

IBC 2021 /2024 CBTZ Concealed Beam Tie
®
CCQ™/ECCQ™ Beam-to-Post Connections
Section 2304.10.8 Provides clean look for beam-to- Provides a strong connection for column-beam combinations.
post connections. ZMAX coating. (HDG or stainless steel)

The following are alternative connections for select beam-to-post assemblies.

Beam-to-Post Connection

WS22

WS22

Beam-to-Notched Post, Non-Spliced RTC44Z LCE4 Mitered Beam

Uses Strong-Drive SDWS™ Timber or
®
Provides for a mitered Provides for a mitered over 6x Corner Post
SDWS Timber SS Screws beam-to-post corner. beam-to-post corner. Uses Strong Drive SDWH™
ZMAX coating. ZMAX coating or stainless steel. Timber-Hex HDG or SWD
Double-Threaded™ screw

WS22

WS22

Continuous Beam over 6x Post KBS1Z ®

Alternative Diagonal Knee Bracing Uses
Uses Strong Drive SDWH Timber-Hex HDG or Connects diagonal bracing to Bracing Strong-Drive SWD
SWD Double-Threaded screws beams and columns. ZMAX Uses Strong-Drive SDWS Double‑Threaded Screws
coating. (If using an MPB, diagonal Timber, SDWS Timber SS Connects knee bracing to
bracing may not be necessary. SDWH Timber-Hex beams and columns.
Contact a design professional for HDG or SWD Double-
additional information.) Threaded screws*

*For more information on fastener details to meet DCA6, refer to C-F-2025TECHSUP Fastener Technical Guide.

F-DECKCODE25 © 2025 Simpson Strong-Tie Company Inc. (800) 999-5099 | strongtie.com Deck Connection and Fastening Guide | 31
 Ledger Connections
Vertical Ledger Support at Structures Band/Rim Joist Building Code
One of the most common causes for deck failure is ledgers that pull away from the primary Requirements
structure, resulting in complete collapse.
• Where supported by attachment
The Simpson Strong-Tie Strong-Drive SDWS™ Timber, SDWS Timber SS and SDWH™
® ®
to an exterior wall, decks shall
Timber-Hex structural wood screws provide an easy-to-install, high-strength alternative to be positively anchored to the
lag screws and through-bolts. They are ideal for securely attaching ledgers to structural primary structure and designed
wood members and are easier to drive than comparable fasteners. They don't require for both vertical and lateral
predrilling like lag screws do and are available in stainless steel or coated for many exterior loads. Such attachment shall
and preservative-treated wood applications. not be accomplished by the use
of toenails or nails subject to
withdrawal.
IRC 2018/ 2021 /2024
Section R507.8
IBC 2018/ 2021 /2024
Section 1604.8.3

• Deck ledgers shall not be

supported on stone or masonry
veneer.
Ledger may not be installed over siding or stucco. It must be fastened directly to the IRC 2018/2021 /2024
structural rim board, or fastened to the structural rim board through the sheathing. Section R507.9.1.1

Strong-Drive Structural Wood Screw • 1/2" lag screws and 1/2" bolts may
be used for a ledger to band
joist, to support a live
or snow load of 40 psf (IRC
SDWS TIMBER Screw
2021/2024 allowing up to a
4 (also available in
tan double-barrier coating) 70 psf snow load) and a dead
0.760" 0.220" load of 10 psf.
IRC 2018/ 2021 /2024
Table R507.9.1.3(1)
SDWS TIMBER SS Screw
• Deck ledger connections
(Type 316 stainless steel)
4
4

to band joists shall be in

0.650" 0.275"
accordance with this section.
For other grades, species,
connection details and loading
SDWH TIMBER-HEX Screw conditions, deck ledger
connections shall be designed
0.650" 0.195" in accordance with IRC
Section R301.
For more information on Strong-Drive screws, refer to p. 48. Additional ledger fastening
IRC 2018 /2021 Section R507.9.1
options include the SDS Heavy-Duty Connector screw and SDWH Timber-Hex HDG screw.
IRC 2024 Section R507.9.1.4

Wood structural • Holes for 1/2" lag screws shall

Exterior cladding, panel sheathing be predrilled with two drill bits
flashing and other 1⁄ 2" max. thickness
Ledger fastener spacing may be
fasteners not shown fastened per code sointerference
offset up to 3" to avoid that a hole 1/2" in diameter is
for clarity 11⁄2" to 2" from drilled through the ledger and
with joist attachment
Rim board
per table top of ledger and rim board
sheathing, if present, and a hole
Refer to strongtie.com and the 5/16" to 3/8" in diameter is drilled
Fastening Systems Technical Guide for
Floor SDWS Timber screws through the band joist.
joist or staggered vertically; more information on fastening ledgers to 3" minimum
blocking spaced in accordance band joists, as well as the following: vertical spacing,
IRC 2024 Section R507.9.1.3
with table 6" maximum
• Ledgers to band joist through foam
sheathing 11⁄2" to 2" from
2x deck bottom of ledger
ledger shown • Ledgers
6" from to band joist with aspacing
On-center 1/2" gap
of and rim board
(double 2x behind the ledger SDWS Timber screws
end of ledger
ledger similar)
• Ledgers to wall studs
• Information for double 2x ledgers
Ledger-to-Rim Board Assembly

32 | Deck Connection and Fastening Guide (800) 999-5099 | strongtie.com F-DECKCODE25 © 2025 Simpson Strong-Tie Company Inc.
 Ledger Connections
Vertical Ledger Support at Band Joist Through Brick Veneer
BVLZ™ Brick Veneer Ledger Connector
The BVLZ brick veneer ledger connector provides a code-compliant, tested solution for
safely adding a deck to an existing house with masonry veneer exterior. It attaches a wood
ledger to the framing through the veneer, without loading the veneer as prohibited by the
building code. This connector kit provides a viable alternative to building a freestanding
deck, and it installs without having to remove or replace large sections of masonry veneer.
The BVLZ brick veneer ledger connector kit includes a steel ledger plate, a compression
strut, installation guide (included in 4-pack kit only), two 14" Strong-Drive SDWH™ Timber- ®

Hex HDG tension screws and six Strong-Drive SD Connector shear screws. It's designed
so the two tension screws pass through the mortar into the structural framing, and the
compression strut transfers compression forces from the ledger plate to the rim joist. The Airspace
system enables the ledger to be supported without bearing on the brick veneer.

Perpendicular
ole ers to rim board
ep h sten Joist hanger
We ith fa interior floor joist
not shown
fill w
not
for clarity
Do
"
5⅝
le
t ho
Pilo 6"
39⁄1

40°
CL

1" min.
1¾" max. for 2x10 rim
3¾" max. for 2x12 rim
8"
"
9½ 2x rim

BVLZ
Ledger Plate Wood structural
panel sheathing
where occurs

Gap:
4¾" – 6¼"

6"
45⁄1 Typical BVLZ Installation
Ø 3⅓2"

6"
99⁄1
BVLZ
Compression Strut

915

14"
14"

915

915

915

3"
5½"

915

915

915

915

915

915

915

Strong-Drive SDWH
915

Timber-Hex HDG Screw

(included)
11/2"
1"

Strong-Drive SD
Connector Screw Typical BVLZ Installation
(included)

For more information on ledger attachment, see Wood Construction Connectors catalog or go.strongtie.com/bvlz.

F-DECKCODE25 © 2025 Simpson Strong-Tie Company Inc. (800) 999-5099 | strongtie.com Deck Connection and Fastening Guide | 33
 Ledger Connections

Vertical Ledger Support at Concrete or Grout-Filled CMU

Titen HD® Screw Anchor
The Simpson Strong-Tie Titen HD (THD) heavy-duty screw anchor may be used as a direct 1:1 replacement
®

for 1/2" diameter bolts used to attach deck ledgers to concrete or grout-filled masonry unit (GFCMU) wall in
accordance with the International Residential Code (IRC). This product is available in a mechanically galvanized
finish and Type 304 /316 stainless steel. Mechanically galvanized parts are available in hex-head and flush-finish
washer-head versions.

Deck ledger

4" min. from

top of wall
THD screw
anchors staggered
THD screw vertically and spaced in
accordance with table
anchors
THD screw staggered
anchors
staggered vertically and
vertically and spaced
spaced in accordance
in accordance
with published with
Engineering Letters
published Engineering
Concrete
Concrete Letters
wall
wall 8" min. Grout-filled CMU

Deck
Deck
ledger
ledger

Ledger-to-Concrete Wall Attachment Ledger-to-GFCMU Wall Attachment

Titen HD Screw Anchor

Titen HD Mechanically Galvanized

Titen HD Washer Head

Mechanically Galvanized Typical Titen HD Washer Head
Deck Ledger Attachment

1¼" min. from vertical

head joint (typ.)
Titen HD Stainless Steel (Type 304 /316)

Refer to strongtie.com for more information on Deck Ledger

Connection to Concrete and Grout-filled CMU Walls. 4" min. from
end of wall
• Engineering Letters: L-A-THDMGLDGR and
L-A-THDSSLDGR for concrete walls
• Engineering Letters: L-A-THDLDGRCMU and
L-A-LDGRGFCMU for Grout-Filled CMU walls

Titen HD Ledger Installation

34 | Deck Connection and Fastening Guide (800) 999-5099 | strongtie.com F-DECKCODE25 © 2025 Simpson Strong-Tie Company Inc.
Lateral Connections to Primary Structure

Building Code
Requirements
Lateral Support at Band Joist
For decks that are partially supported by an adjacent structure (such as a house), the
• The deck shall be positively connection between the deck and that structure is vital. A bolted or screwed ledger-to-rim
anchored to the primary board connection is suitable to support gravity loads; however, in some cases the building
structure and designed for codes require a connection that is able to resist lateral loads. In these situations, tension
both vertical and lateral loads. ties are typically called out to tie the joists of the deck directly to the structure.
Such attachment shall not DTT™ deck tension ties are a safe, cost-effective solution designed to meet or exceed
be accomplished by the use lateral-load code requirements for deck construction.
of toenails or nails subject to
withdrawal. DTT1Z satisfies the IRC provision for a 750 lb. lateral-load connection to the house at four
®

locations per deck. This code detail permits the lateral connection from the deck joists to be
IRC 2018 /2021 /2024
made to top plates, studs or headers within the supporting structure.
Section R507.8, R507.9
DTT2 can be used to satisfy the IRC provision for a 1,500 lb. lateral-load connection at two
• Where the lateral-load locations per deck.
connection is permitted
to be installed per Figure
R507.9.2(1), holdown tension
devices shall be installed in
not less than two locations
per deck, within 24" of each (6) #9 x 1½" SD
screws (shown) or
end of the deck, and have (8) 0.148" x 1½" nails
an allowable stress design
3⁄8" HDG lag screw
capacity not less than
with HDG washer or
1,500 lb. SDWH Timber-Hex
HDG screw (shown)
IRC 2018 /2021 /2024 into top plate, studs,
Section R507.9.2 or header
DTT1Z kit includes
• Where the lateral-load DTT1Z Strong-Drive SDWH
connections are provided Timber-Hex HDG and
in accordance with Figure 3" min. thread SD Connector screws.
penetration
R507.9.2(2), the holdown
devices shall be started within DTT1Z Deck Tension Tie
24 inches of each end of the US Patent 10,865,588B2
IRC 2018 /2021/2024 Figure R507.9.2(2)
deck and have an allowable Typical DTT1Z Deck-to-House
stress design capacity of Lateral‑Load Connection
not less than 750 lb. Note:
a minimum of four holdowns Floor sheathing
are required evenly distributed 1⁄2"
diameter nailed at 6" max.
along the deck in this HDG threaded on-center to joist
rod with nuts with holdown
configuration. and washers
Continuous flashing
IRC 2018 /2021 /2024 (per code), not shown
Section R507.9.2
2"

Floor joist Deck DTT2Z

(Solid 2x joist or joist
2x blocking)

DTT2 Deck Tension Tie IRC 2018 /2021/2024 Figure R507.9.2(1)

(available in ZMAX and stainless steel)
®

Typical DTT2 Deck-to-House

US Patent 8,555,580B2 Lateral-Load Connection

For more information on lateral-load connections, refer to Simpson Strong-Tie technical bulletin T-C-DECKLAT at strongtie.com.

F-DECKCODE25 © 2025 Simpson Strong-Tie Company Inc. (800) 999-5099 | strongtie.com Deck Connection and Fastening Guide | 35
 Joists Terminating into Beam/Ledger

When joists terminate into a beam or ledger, a connection is required to provide bearing. The connection must also resist uplift.

Simpson Strong‑Tie Solutions ®

Install using #9 and #10 Strong-Drive SD Connector screws per Wood Construction Connectors catalog specifications.
®

HUS/LUS Joist Hanger HUC/LUC Concealed Flange Joist Hanger

Provides bearing and uplift resistance, features double-shear nailing Provides bearing and uplift resistance, concealed
for added strength. Available in ZMAX and Type 316 stainless steel.
®
flanges for cleaner look and for end conditions.
(LUS shown) Available in ZMAX and Type 316 stainless steel.
(LUC shown)

1015
WS22

312

WS22

1015
312

WS22

312

1015

APLH Outdoor Accents Light Joist Hanger

®
APHH Outdoor Accents Heavy Joist Hanger
Provides bearing and uplift resistance, concealed flanges for Provides bearing and uplift resistance, concealed flanges for
cleaner look and end conditions. ZMAX with black powder coating. cleaner look and end conditions. ZMAX with black powder coating.
Uses black SD10112DBB fasteners. Uses STN22 washer and SDWS22312DBB fasteners.

36 | Deck Connection and Fastening Guide (800) 999-5099 | strongtie.com F-DECKCODE25 © 2025 Simpson Strong-Tie Company Inc.
Joists Terminating into Beam/Ledger

Building Code
Requirements
Bearing
• The ends of each joist, beam
or girder shall have at least
1½" of bearing on wood or
metal.
IRC 2018 /2021/2024
Section R507.6.1
IBC 2018/ 2021/2024
Section 2308.4.2.2
IRC 2024 Section R2308.8.2.2

• Joists framing into the side of

a ledger board or beam shall
be supported by approved SUR/SUL Skewed Joist Hanger
joist hangers. 45° skewed hanger (available in skewed
right and left versions) provides bearing
IRC 2018 /2021/2024
and uplift resistance. ZMAX coating or
®

Section R507.6.1
stainless steel required.

Cantilevered Applications
• Decks with cantilevered
framing members,
connections to exterior walls
or other framing members
LSSJ28LZ

shall be designed and

constructed to resist uplift
Strong-Tie ®
SIMPSON

resulting from the full live load

acting on the cantilevered
U.S. PAT. PENDING

portion of the deck.

strongtie.com/info
Use & Warning:
IRC 2018 /2021/2024
Section R507.8
IBC 2018 /2021/2024
Section 1604.8.3

LSSJZ LSSRZ
LSSJ models are available for LSSR models are available for single
single 2x lumber and come in left 2x and other solid sawn lumber sizes.
and right hand versions. Patent Pending

LSSR®/LSSJ Field-Skewable Joist Hanger

®

LSSR field skewable right or left up to 45° (order LSSJ in left or right
skews). These hangers provide bearing and uplift resistance. Also
field slopeable up or down to 45°. Available with a ZMAX coating.

Hanger Hanger
installed installed
after rafter on joist or
is tacked header before
in place rafter is installed
0 – 45°

Typical LSSJRZ Installation Typical LSSR Installation Alternate LSSR Installation

(bevel cut required) (compound miter cut) (plumb cut)

F-DECKCODE25 © 2025 Simpson Strong-Tie Company Inc. (800) 999-5099 | strongtie.com Deck Connection and Fastening Guide | 37
 Joists Bearing on a Beam

At the point where the joist bears on top of a beam, there must be a connection to resist Building Code
lateral and uplift forces. Blocking or framing is also required to prevent rotation of the joists. Requirements
• Where posts and beam or
girder construction is used to
support floor framing, positive
connections shall be provided
to ensure against uplift and
lateral displacement.
IRC 2018 / 2021/2024
Section R502.9
IBC 2018 Section 2304.10.7
IBC 2021/2024 Section 2304.10.8

• Joist ends and bearing

locations shall be provided
with lateral restraint to prevent
rotation.
IRC 2018 / 2021/2024
Section R507.6.2
IBC 2018 /2021
Section 2308.4.2.3
IBC 2024 Section 2308.8.2.3

• Joists bearing on top of

a single-ply beam or ledger
shall be attached by a
mechanical connector. Joists
bearing on top of a multi-
ply beam or ledger shall be
fastened in accordance with
Table R602.3(1).
Simpson Strong‑Tie Solutions
®
IRC 2018 / 2021/2024
Section R507.6.1

LINE
PLATE

PLATE
LINE

H1AZ Hurricane Tie H2.5A Hurricane Tie Strong-Drive SWD

Holds joist on both sides. Suitable for single-sided Double-Threaded™ Screw
S#.#
S#.#

Features ZMAX coating.

S#.#

applications. Available in ZMAX Connects joist to beam. S#.#

and stainless steel.

S#.#
S#.#

S#.#

S#.# S#.#

S#.#
S#.# S#.#

S#.#

S#.#

S#.#
S#.#

Simpson Strong-Tie offers a full range of hurricane ties for all types of applications and load requirements. See the Simpson Strong-Tie
Wood Construction Connectors catalog for more information.

38 | Deck Connection and Fastening Guide (800) 999-5099 | strongtie.com F-DECKCODE25 © 2025 Simpson Strong-Tie Company Inc.
Guard Post to Deck Framing

The guard post connection is a crucial connection pertaining to deck safety and is often inadequately
constructed. In order to provide the required load resistance at the guard, the post must not only be fastened
to the rim joist, but also tied back into the joist framing. Machine bolts through the post and rim joist alone
do not typically meet the performance requirements of the code. The details on pp. 39–42 have been
shown through testing or analysis to resist the required 200 lb. concentrated load (or load of 50 lb. per
linear foot per IBC when guardrail spacings do not exceed 48") applied in an outward direction for maximum
guard heights of 36" and 42" above the deck surface. Guard post to deck attachments comply with IRC
section R507.10.1.1, which prohibits connections only relying on end grain withdrawal.

Note: Guardrail infill not

shown for clarity.
Internal Guard Post Installation
Refer to pp. 39–42 for
Guard Post to Deck
Framing.
Refer to pp. 43–44 for
Guardrail Infill
Component Connections.

LIN
PL E
AT

PLATE
LINE

For more information on this application, see Simpson Strong-Tie technical bulletin T-C-GRDRLPST.

F-DECKCODE25 © 2025 Simpson Strong-Tie Company Inc. (800) 999-5099 | strongtie.com Deck Connection and Fastening Guide | 39
 Guard Post to Deck Framing — Holdown Details

Simpson Strong‑Tie Solutions ®

Building Code Requirements
When required
For 36"-Tall Guard Posts • Guards shall be located along
open-sided walking surfaces,
including floors, stairs, ramps and
landings, that are located more
than 30" measured vertically to
DTT2 the floor or grade below at any
to joist layout point within 36" horizontally to the
edge of the open side.
IRC 2018/2021/2024 Section R312.1.1
IRC 2024 Section R321.1.1
IBC 2018/2021/2024 Section 1015.2
Height
2x8 (min.)
2x8 (min.) deck joists • Guards shall be a minimum of
DTT2 blocking 36" tall (IRC) or up to 42" tall for
to blocking certain occupancies (IBC).
layout
IRC 2018/2021/2024 Section R312.1.2
IRC 2024 Section R321.1.2
DTT2 Deck Tension Tie IBC 2018/2021/2024 Section 1015.3
(available with ZMAX ®

Load Resistance
coating or in stainless steel,
incudes SDS Heavy-Duty
• Guards and handrails shall be able
Connector screws) to resist a single concentrated
US Patent 8,555,580B2 load of 200 lb., applied in any
direction at any point along the
top. (IRC 2021/2024 simplifies the
load direction to downward and
DTT2 Attachment of Guardrail horizontally outward for the top of
SDS Heavy-Duty
Post Outside Rim/Joist a guard not required to serve as a
Connector Screw
handrail).
IRC 2018/2021/2024 Table R301.5
IBC 2018 Section 1607.8.1.1
IBC 2021/2024 Section 1607.9
Detail A • Handrails and guards shall be
Rim joist DTT2 to joist layout
designed to resist a load of 50
lb. per linear foot.

Deck joists IBC 2018 Section 1607.8.1

Band joist IBC 2021/2024 Section 1607.9
(not required for one- and
two-family dwellings)
Detail B
DTT2 to • Guardrail infill components shall
blocking
layout
withstand a horizontal load of 50
lb. over an area of
Blocking
Blocking one square foot.
IRC 2018/2021/2024 Table R301.5
IBC 2018 Section 1607.8.1.2
IBC 2021/2024 Section 1607.9.1.2

Blocking Opening Limitations

Note: Guard post to
• Required guardrail infill shall not
deck attachments
have an opening that allows
comply with IRC section passage of a sphere 4" in
R507.10.1.1, which DTT2 Attachment of Guardrail diameter.
prohibits connections Post Inside Rim/Joist
only relying on end grain IBC 2018/2021 Section R321.1.3
withdrawal. IRC 2024 Section R321.1.3
IBC 2018/2021/2024 Section 1015.4

For more information on connecting posts inside the rim joist using the DTT2 or HTT4, see Simpson Strong-Tie technical bulletin T-C-GRDRLPST.

40 | Deck Connection and Fastening Guide (800) 999-5099 | strongtie.com F-DECKCODE25 © 2025 Simpson Strong-Tie Company Inc.
Guard Post to Deck Framing — Holdown Details

For 42"-Tall (maximum) Guard Posts

Note: The DTT2 may also be used to secure
42" guard posts with 2x10 (min.) deck joists.

HTT4
to joist layout

2x8 (min.)
2x8 (min.) deck joists
HTT4 blocking
to blocking
layout

HTT4/HTT4HDG Tension Tie

Available with hot-dip
galvanized coating.

HTT4 Attachment of Guardrail

Post Outside Rim/Joist

Strong-Drive SD Connector Screw

®

HTT4 to joist
Rim joist layout

Band Deck joists

joist
Blocking

HTT4 to joist Blocking

layout

Blocking
ATR All Threaded Rod/
RFB Retrofit Bolt
Available with hot-dip galvanized coating
HTT4 Attachment of Guardrail or in Type 316 stainless steel.
Post Inside Rim/Joist (an additional nut will be required for the
(not all fastening for joists and blocking shown for clarity) HTT4 application)

For more information on connecting posts inside the rim joist using the DTT2 or HTT4, see Simpson Strong-Tie technical bulletin T-C-GRDRLPST.

F-DECKCODE25 © 2025 Simpson Strong-Tie Company Inc. (800) 999-5099 | strongtie.com Deck Connection and Fastening Guide | 41
 Guard Post to Deck Framing — Fastener Details

For 36"- and 42"-Tall Guard Posts

As an alternative code-compliant solution for attaching wood guard posts without the use of typical hardware
and through-bolts, the guard posts and the framing elements can be fastened with Strong-Drive SDWS™ ®

Timber screws. The SDWS Timber screws are code report listed in IAPMO UES ER-192. The solutions below
have been tested and verified for 36"-tall guard posts constructed with DFL, HF and SP framing. These
solutions have also been tested and verified for 42"-tall guard posts constructed with DFL and SP framing only.
For more information, please refer to Fastening Systems Technical Guide or T-F-GRDPSTRL.

0.220"

0.760"
8

0.220"

0.760"
8

Strong-Drive SDWS TIMBER Screw

(SDWS22xxxDB: Tan Double-Barrier Coating; SDWS22xxxDBB: Black Double-Barrier Coating)

Note: For this installation, only SDWS22500DB/DBB

and SDWS22800DB/DBB fasteners are to be used and
installed per Simpson Strong-Tie details. Test results
have shown that generic fasteners do not provide
sufficient withdrawal resistance, pull-through resistance
or shear strength.

Internal Guard Post Installations Using

Strong-Drive SDWS Timber Screws

4x4 post
4x4 blocking Deck joist
5"

8"
8"

5"

Band joist
(nominal 2x8) SDWS22800DB,
designated as SDWS22500DB,
8" throughout designated as
5" throughout

4x4 blocking 2x blocking typ.

4x4 post 4x4 post 4x4 post

8" 8" 5" 5" 5" 5"

8" 8" 8" 8" 8" 8"

Rim joist
(nominal 2x8)

Plan View Showing Details of Four Connections Using Strong-Drive SDWS Timber Screws
(SDWS22xxxDB Tan shown, SDWS22xxxDBB Black similar;
other connection hardware not shown for clarity)
42 | Deck Connection and Fastening Guide (800) 999-5099 | strongtie.com F-DECKCODE25 © 2025 Simpson Strong-Tie Company Inc.
Guardrail Infill Component Connections

IRC code-compliant fastener solutions for guardrail-to-

post and baluster-to-rail assemblies use Strong-Drive ®

SDWS™ Framing screws, Strong Drive SWD Double-

Threaded™ screw, Deck-Drive™ DSV Wood screws
and Deck-Drive DWP Wood SS screws, as described
in this section. The indicated fastening does not
replace the required connections to rim or ledger. For
more information, please refer to Fastening Systems
Technical Guide.

0.450"
3"

Overall Perspective Strong-Drive SDWS FRAMING Screw

View of Deck with
Guardrail and Balusters
0.330"
2½"

Deck-Drive DSV WOOD Screw

0.340"
Guardrail Installations 2½"
IRC Code-Compliant Guardrail Connection Details
Deck-Drive DWP WOOD SS Screw
Installation scope:
• Maximum guard post spacing of 6' (AWC) 0.315"

GX
GX
• Nominal lumber 2x4 top and bottom guardrail (AWC) 2½"

• Nominal lumber 4x4 guard post Strong-Drive SWD DOUBLE-THREADED Screw

• SPF, HF, DF or SP lumber wood species for 36" guard post

• DF or SP lumber wood species for 42" guard post

ax. Detail A
6' ming
c
spa p.)
Detail B (ty 2x4 top rail (typ.)

Detail A: Rail-to-Post
Perspective View

4x4
preservative-treated
lumber guard post
For internal guard post installations
using Strong-Drive SDWS Timber screws,
refer to previous page.

Overall Perspective View of Deck

Detail B: Perspective View

F-DECKCODE25 © 2025 Simpson Strong-Tie Company Inc. (800) 999-5099 | strongtie.com Deck Connection and Fastening Guide | 43
 Guardrail Infill Component Connections

Baluster Installations 2x4 top rail (typ.)

Building Code
Requirements
<4"
Detail A Load Resistance
4x4
preservative- • Guardrail infill components
treated guard post shall withstand a horizontal
load of 50 lb. over an area of
one square foot.
2x2 baluster (typ.)
IRC 2018/2021/2024 Table R301.5
IBC 2018 Section 1607.8.1.2
.
min IBC 2021/2024 Section 1607.9.1.2
36"
Opening Limitations
2x4 bottom rail (typ.) • Required guardrail infill shall
not have an opening that
For internal guard post installations allows passage of a sphere 4"
ax. using Strong-Drive SDWS Timber in diameter.
4" m screws, refer to p. 42.
pp.1–4.
IRC 2018 /2021 Section R312.1.3
IRC 2024 Section R321.1.3
IBC 2018 /2021/2024
Overall Perspective View of Deck with Baluster Detail
Section 1015.4

Code-Compliant Baluster
0.450"
Connection Details
2½"

Installation scope: Strong-Drive SDWS™ FRAMING Screw

• Maximum guard post spacing of 6' (AWC)
• Nominal 2x4 top and bottom guardrail (AWC) 0.330"
2½"
• Nominal lumber 4x4 guard post Deck-Drive™ DSV WOOD Screw
• SPF, HF, DF or SP lumber wood species for 36"
guard post 0.340"

• DF or SP lumber wood species for 42" guard post 2½"

Deck-Drive DWP WOOD SS Screw

0.315"
GX
GX

2½"
Strong-Drive SWD DOUBLE-THREADED™ Screw

Detail A: Baluster Plan View

Less (SDWS16212 listed, DSVT212,
than 4" S08250WP similar)
SDWS16212

⅞" min. Detail A: Baluster

⅜" min. Elevation View (Side)
(SDWS16212 listed, DSVT212,
2x2 baluster S08250WP similar)
2x4 rail

SDWS16212
1. Fasten screws into 2x2 baluster,
on center, 7/8" from each end of
baluster into 2x4 top and bottom
rails with SDWS16212 screws.
Baluster Perspective View

44 | Deck Connection and Fastening Guide (800) 999-5099 | strongtie.com F-DECKCODE25 © 2025 Simpson Strong-Tie Company Inc.
Guardrail Assemblies — Flush and Dropped Rail Caps

Flush Rail Caps and Dropped Rail Caps are illustrated below, showing four
applications for using the 2 1/2" Strong-Drive SWD Double-Threaded™ screw ®

to assemble railings: rail to post, baluster to rail, rail cap to post, and rail cap
to rail. These connections have been evaluated to comply with the handrail 0.315"

GX
GX
and guard requirements in the International Building Code (IBC), International 2½"
Residential Code (IRC), and the American Wood Council DCA6 and are
Strong-Drive SWD DOUBLE-THREADED Screw
applicable to DFL, SP and HF lumber species. The SWD Double-Threaded
screw is designed to be installed without predrilling; however, in some
installation conditions predrilling with a 1/8" drill bit may be necessary to reduce
potential for splitting.

3 Rail cap to post 4 Rail cap to rail 1 Rail to post 2 Baluster to rail
Center SWD in 1" XG

2x4 rail below,

space at 12-in.
Top view - continuous rail cap on center

GX
XG

XG
30°
1" Top view Top view
in-line rail corner rail
1¾"
1" Top view - rail cap

GX
Top view - spliced rail cap
GX

2½"
GX GX

1"

Railing Assembly with the 2 1/2" Strong-Drive SWD Double-Threaded Screw — Flush Rail Cap

3 Rail cap to post 4 Rail cap to rail 1 Rail to post 2 Baluster to rail
1" Typical Center SWD in 1" XG
GX

2x4 rail below,

3" from post and
12" on center
GX

GX

GX

30°
Top view Top view
Top view — rail cap in-line rail corner rail
1¾"
1" Top view — rail cap
GX

2½"
GX

GX

30°
1"

GX
GX

XG

Handrail or 3"
rail cap (2x)
Dropped rail cap

Railing Assembly with the 2 1/2" Strong-Drive SWD Double-Threaded Screw — Dropped Rail Cap

For full detail refer to Simpson Strong-Tie engineering letter L-F-SWDRAIL

F-DECKCODE25 © 2025 Simpson Strong-Tie Company Inc. (800) 999-5099 | strongtie.com Deck Connection and Fastening Guide | 45
 Stair Stringers and Treads

Building Code Stair stringers must be properly connected to the deck, and treads properly connected to the
Requirements stringers, in order to resist loads. In addition, code requirements regarding openings between
stair treads and stair railing must also be met.
Stair Stringer to Rim Joist
• Stairs must be able to resist
40 lb. per square foot of tread
area in one and two family
dwellings. All other stairs under
IBC require a design to 1.5
times the live load for the area
served, not to exceed 100 psf.
IRC 2018/2021/2024 Table R301.5
IBC 2018/2021/2024 Table 1607.1

Stair Tread to Stringer

• Individual stair treads shall
be able to resist a 300 lb.
concentrated load acting over
an area of 2" x 2".
IRC 2018/2021/2024 Table R301.5
IBC 2018 Table 1607.1
IBC 2021/2024 Table 1607.1 S#.#

S#.#
S#.#

S#.#
S#.#
S#.#
S#.#

S#.#
S#.#

S#.#
S#.#

S#.#
S#.#

Section 1607.21
S#.#

S#.#
S#.#
S#.#

S#.#
S#.# S#.#

S#.#

S#.# S#.# S#.#

S#.#

S#.# S#.#

S#.#

S#.#

S#.#
S#.# S#.#

S#.#

S#.#

S#.#

S#.#

S#.#

S#.#

S#.#
S#.#

Guard Opening Limitations

• The triangular opening formed
by the riser, tread and bottom
rail of a guard at the open Simpson Strong‑Tie Solutions ®

side of a stairway shall be of Rim board

such a size that a sphere 6" in
diameter cannot pass through. 12" maxim
um

IRC 2018/ 2021 Section R312.1.3 43⁄8"

IRC 2024 Section R321.1.3 Dia.
IBC 2018/2021/2024 Support
41⁄8" m
top of in. to
framing LSC
Section 1015.4 31⁄2"
min.

Additional Exception: Openings for

required guards on the open side
of stairs shall not allow a sphere
4 3/8" in diameter to pass through.
For IBC, exception is only valid for
individual dwelling units in Group
R-2 and R-3 occupancies.
LSC Adjustable/LSC Cantilever Stair
IRC 2018/ 2021 /2024 Stringer Connector
Section R312.1.3 Field slopeable to almost any angle, the LSC is ideal for attaching
IRC 2024 Section R321.1.3 the staircase stringer to the deck. Suitable for solid and notched Codes require that a 4 3/8" sphere
ICB 2018 /2021/2024 stringers. Available in ZMAX and Type 316 stainless steel. For
®
must not be able to pass between
Section 1015.4 information regarding notched stringer attachment to full-width any guard opening at stairs.
stringers, see L-F-DCA6SCREW.

LSCZ/LSCSS
TA Tread Angle
Provides a positive connection, eliminating the
925
need to notch the stringer. A full-width stringer is
stronger and makes it easier to meet maximum Strong-Drive SDS Heavy-Duty ®
Strong-Drive SD Connector Screw
guardrail opening requirements of the codes. Connector Screw (for use with LSCS/LSCSS)
ZMAX coating or stainless steel required. (Included in TA9ZKT and TA10ZKT kits)

46 | Deck Connection and Fastening Guide (800) 999-5099 | strongtie.com F-DECKCODE25 © 2025 Simpson Strong-Tie Company Inc.
Performance
Fasteners
for Decks
 Structural Wood Fastening

Structural Wood-to-Wood and Engineered Wood Connections

Simpson Strong-Tie Strong-Drive structural screws make high-strength wood-to-wood and engineered wood connections easier
® ®

and stronger. Designed for both ease of installation and superior strength, these versatile screws are a time-saving alternative to
multiple smaller fasteners, lag screws or bolts that require predrilling.

Strong-Drive SDWS™ FRAMING, SDWS TIMBER and SDWH™ TIMBER-HEX Structural Wood Screws
The Simpson Strong-Tie Strong-Drive SDWS Timber, SDWH Timber-Hex and SDWH Timber-Hex HDG wood screws are designed to provide an
easy-to-install, high-strength alternative to through-bolting and traditional lag screws. These structural screws are ideal for the contractor and
do-it-yourselfer alike, and are available in materials and coatings for various levels of corrosion resistance to match your installation environment.

Features:
• Bold thread design that provides superior holding power • Patented SawTooth® points (US Patent 9,523,383) that ensure fast
• Quik Guard®, double-barrier coating (SDWS and SDWH) and hot-dip starts, reduce installation torque and eliminate the need for predrilling
galvanized (SDWH HDG) in most applications
• Large washer head provides maximum bearing area • Underhead nibs that offer greater installer control when seating the head
Codes/Standards: IAPMO UES ER-192

44
SDWS TIMBER (SDWS22DBB) SDWH TIMBER-HEX HDG
(SDWH27HDG)

44
SDWS TIMBER (SDWS22DB) SDWH TIMBER-HEX
(SDWH19DB)

SDWS FRAMING (SDWS16)

Strong-Drive SDWS TIMBER SS Screw

The Strong-Drive SDWS Timber SS structural fastener, in severe corrosion–resistant Type 316 stainless steel, has a 0.276"-diameter shank,
SawTooth point and flat washer head, and is designed as a lag screw replacement in applications where severe corrosion resistance is critical.

Features:
• Patented SawTooth point for fast starts and less driving torque — • Deep T50, 6-lobe recess for secure driving
without predrilling • Type 316 stainless steel provides corrosion resistance even in
• Large 0.650"-diameter flat washer head with nibs provides load-bearing severe conditions
area and seats flush with surface • Mid-shaft knurl aids in torque reduction
5

SDWS SS (SDWS27SS)

Strong-Drive SWD DOUBLE-THREADED™ Screw

The Simpson Strong-Tie Strong-Drive SWD Double-Threaded screw is designed to provide an easy-to-install, concealed, high-strength
alternative to through bolting and some metal connector applications.

Features:
• Code listed for ultimate assurance • Available in 2 ½", 3 ½", 6 ¼", 8 ½" and 10 ¾" lengths (6 ¼" shown)
• Deep 6-lobe recess for secure driving • Compact head for concealed installations
• Exterior-grade double-barrier coating for corrosion resistance
Codes/Standards: IAPMO UES ER-262
GX

GX

SWD Double-Thread (SWD18, SWD22)

48 | Deck Connection and Fastening Guide (800) 999-5099 | strongtie.com F-DECKCODE25 © 2025 Simpson Strong-Tie Company Inc.
Screws for Decking

Simpson Strong-Tie offers a variety of premium solutions for fastening wood, PVC or Building Code
composite decking. Our fasteners are designed specifically to perform in their target Requirements
decking material, and many of our fasteners are available in colors to provide a fastening
• Wood decking shall be
solution that blends with the deck surface.
attached to each supporting
member with not less than
Stainless-Steel Screws (2) 8d threaded nails or
(2) No. 8 wood screws.
Deck-Drive™ DWP WOOD SS Screw Trim-Head Screw — 6-Lobe Drive IRC 2018 /2021 /2024
For the majority of wood deck boards For wood decking and PVC decking materials Section R507.7
(Sizes: #8, #9 and #10)
Experience has shown that
#7 stainless steel screws are
acceptable for face screw
Strong-Drive® DWP WOOD SS Screw Deck-Drive DCU COMPOSITE SS fastening of wood and
For structural applications on decks Screw composite deck boards.
(Sizes: #12 and #14) For composite decking Fastening for composite decking
or using concealed fasteners:

Also available with color-matching painted heads IRC 2018/2021/2024

Section R507.2.2.5
Bugle-Head Wood Screw Deck-Drive DHPD HARDWOOD IBC 2018/2021/2024 Section 2612.6
For all types of wood decking including cedar, Screw
redwood and preservative-treated woods For hardwood decking materials Wood Plastic Composite
(non-hardwood). Bugle-Head Wood screws are
deck boards shall be installed
available in both square and 6-lobe drive recesses.
in accordance with the
manufacturer’s instructions and
shall comply with the requirements
of ASTM D7032 Section 5.5
Exterior-Grade Screws Mechanical Fastener Holding
Tests for the use of concealed
Deck-Drive DSV WOOD Screw Deck-Drive DCU COMPOSITE Screw clips. Simpson Strong-Tie
For preservative-treated wood. Available in tan, For composite decking recommends consulting with the
red and black. decking manufacturer for their
recommendations.

Available in a variety of color-matching painted

options. See p. 50.

Load-Rated Deck Board Fasteners Stainless-steel connectors

are also available for high and
Strong-Drive DWP WOOD SS Screw Deck-Drive DCU COMPOSITE Screw severe exposure environments
For wood in high and severe corrosion environments. For composite/PVC decking. or applications using certain
See Fastening Systems Technical Guide for more preservative-treated woods.
information. (Sizes: #10, #12 and #14.) See pp. 6–8 for more detail.

Available in a variety of color-matching painted

options. See p. 50. Also see Fastening Systems
Technical Guide for more information.
Deck-Drive DSV WOOD Screw
For preservative-treated decking applications
in medium corrosion environments. For more
information, see Fastening Systems Technical
Guide. (Size: #10.)

For more information on fasteners, please see our Fastening Systems catalog at
go.strongtie.com/fastenercatalog.

F-DECKCODE25 © 2025 Simpson Strong-Tie Company Inc. (800) 999-5099 | strongtie.com Deck Connection and Fastening Guide | 49
 Color-Matched Fasteners for Composite and PVC Decking

Decking Meets Its Match

Simpson Strong-Tie color-matched hand-drive and collated fasteners are available in a color palette
®

specifically formulated to match a wide range of the most popular decking systems and are designed to
blend into the decking material.

Trim-Head PVC Decking: Azek, TimberTech, Trex, Veka Deck

Composite or Encapsulated Decking: ChoiceDek, Evergrain, Fiberon, MoistureShield, TimberTech, Trex

For more information on Simpson Strong-Tie color-match fasteners, please refer to go.strongtie.com/colormatchingguide. Brown 01 Brown 05
AZEK, ChoiceDek, Evergrain, Fiberon, MoistureShield, TimberTech and VekaDeck are trademarks or registered
trademarks of their respective holders. Trex and Trex Escapes are registered trademarks of Trex Company, Inc.
Gray Gray 01

Composite or Encapsulated Composite Decking Gray 04 Gray 05

Deck-Drive DCU COMPOSITE Screw

™
Red Red 01
• Cap head to reduce mushrooming and conceal installation
• Available in colors to match popular composite deck boards
Tan Tan 01
• Available with Quik Guard coating and stainless steel
®

• For more information, see our Fastening Systems catalog at go.strongtie.com/fastenercatalog

Tan 02 Tan 03

Tan 05

Deck-Drive DCU Screw Plugs

Deck-Drive DCU screw plugs provide a means of concealing the Deck-Drive DCU
Composite screw heads used to fasten PVC and composite deck boards. The DCU
screw plug solution can be ordered to color-match the deck boards, and comes with
countersinking driver bits for hand drive, as well as for Quik Drive® auto-feed screw
driving systems.
• For PVC and composite decks and trim boards
• Made from major manufacturer deck and trim boards (currently for Trex and Azek boards)

PVC Decking Fasteners

Trim-Head Screw, Stainless Steel, 6-Lobe Drive
• Trim-style head reduces appearance of installed fasteners on deck surface
• Available in colors formulated to match popular PVC deck systems

PVC and Composite Fascia Fastening

Fascia-Fastening Solution™
To properly install color-matched fasteners into a composite or PVC fascia board, proper fastener
spacing and counter-boring is necessary. The Fascia-Fastening Solution provides the means to
accomplish this for a professional finish.
• Type 316 stainless steel, color-matching fasteners for 1/2"–3/4" thick fascia boards
• Installs easily with the fascia counterbore bit and T20 6-lobe bit

Deck-Drive DCU Composite screws are approved by Trex for Trex 1x6- and 2x6-inch composite decking.

50 | Deck Connection and Fastening Guide (800) 999-5099 | strongtie.com F-DECKCODE25 © 2025 Simpson Strong-Tie Company Inc.
Hidden Deck Fastening

EB-TY Premium Hidden

®

Deck-Fastening System™
For wood decks including exotic hardwoods,
redwood and cedar

The EB-TY Premium Hidden Deck-Fastening System is the

ideal solution that blends strength with ease of installation
in a fastener that won't detract from the deck’s finished
appearance. EB-TY Premium integrates a Type 300 Series
stainless-steel reinforcing plate into its connection biscuit.
The plate adds stiffness to hold boards in place securely, yet
maintains flexibility when seasonal contraction and expansion
occur. The EB-GUIDE predrilling tool helps install EB-TY
Premium with precision and ease. Ipê wood plugs included.
Features:
• Provides greater holding power and increased pullover
resistance
• Type 300 Series stainless-steel plate ensures lasting Fasten one side of the first
durability in demanding environments deck board using screws
Drill pilot hole using and plugs as provided
• Prevents over-driving of the screw, helping to ensure ⅛" drill bit (provided) Deck boards

consistent, quality installations

• Angled screw attachment ensures direct attachment of the
EB
GU -
ID
E
Pat
. Pen
din
g

board to the joist and prevents board movement

EB-GUIDE predrill tool
• EB-TY Premium covers the joist to protect it from exposure
to sun and rain
• Chamfered edges for easier board alignment and installation
of successive boards Floor joist Precut
board grooves
• 3/16" and 1/4" spacings offer expansion compensation
• Additional Ipê wood plugs can be purchased separately

Deck boards Ipê plug installed

Install #7 x 2¼"
over screw
6-lobe trim-head
stainless-steel
screw in pilot hole
EB332W Series EB316W Series
EB
-T
Y
®

EB-TY Premium
Hidden Deck Fastener™

Floor joist Precut board

grooves
EB14W Series

Note: For composite decking, use

17‑EBTY, 175‑EBTT and color‑matched
DCU Screw Plugs to fasten the
end boards.

F-DECKCODE25 © 2025 Simpson Strong-Tie Company Inc. (800) 999-5099 | strongtie.com Deck Connection and Fastening Guide | 51
 Nails for Decking

Building Code Stainless-Steel Nails

Requirements
• Wood decking shall be Hand-Drive 15° Wire Coil, Full Round
attached to each supporting Decking and Trim Nails Checkered Head, Ring Shank
member with not less than Types 304 and 316 Stainless Steel
(2) 8d threaded nails or
(2) No. 8 wood screws.
IRC 2018 /2021/2024
Section R507.7

Stainless-steel connectors 20°–22° Plastic Strip, Full Round 20°–22° Plastic Strip, Full Round
are also available for high and
Checkered Head, Ring Shank Smooth Head, Screw Shank
severe exposure environments
Types 304 and 316 Stainless Steel Types 304 and 316 Stainless Steel
or applications using certain
preservative-treated woods.
See pp. 6–8 for more detail.

20°–22° Plastic Strip, Checkered, 28° Wire Weld, Clipped Smooth

Casing Head, Ring Shank Head, Ring Shank
Type 304 Stainless Steel Type 304 Stainless Steel

31°–34° Plastic Strip, Full Round 31°–34° Paper Tape, Clipped

Checkered Head, Ring Shank Smooth Head, Ring Shank
Types 304 and 316 Stainless Steel Types 304 and 316 Stainless Steel

For more information on fasteners, please see our Fastening Systems catalog at
go.strongtie.com/fastenercatalog.

52 | Deck Connection and Fastening Guide (800) 999-5099 | strongtie.com F-DECKCODE25 © 2025 Simpson Strong-Tie Company Inc.
Quik Drive Auto-Feed Screw Driving Systems for Decking
®

Quik Drive auto-feed screw driving systems are ideal for fastening decking because they Building Code
combine the efficiency of stand-up driving with the holding power of screws, providing the Requirements
best long-term results.
• Wood decking shall be
attached to each supporting
Deck-Drive™ DSV WOOD Screw Deck-Drive DHPD HARDWOOD Screw member with not less than
Rimmed flat head with nibs, Paddle-style drill point, Type 305 stainless steel (2) 8d threaded nails or
Quik Guard coating in red, tan and gray.
®

(2) No. 8 wood screws.

IRC 2018 /2021/2024
Section R507.7

Experience has shown that

Deck-Drive DWP WOOD SS Screw Trim-Head Screw
#7 stainless steel screws are
Flat head with nibs, available in Types 305 #7 trim head, Type 305 stainless steel
acceptable for face screw
and 316 stainless steel
fastening of hardwood and
composite deck boards.
Fastening for composite decking
or using concealed fasteners:
Deck-Drive DCU COMPOSITE Bugle-Head Wood Screw
IRC 2018/2021/2024
Screw #10 bugle head, available in Types 305
Section R507.2.2.5
Available with Quik Guard coating in 11 colors and 316 stainless steel
IBC 2018 /2021/2024
or in Types 305 and 316 stainless steel.
Section 2612.6
DCU Composite screws are load rated for uplift
resistance. Wood Plastic Composite
deck boards shall be installed
in accordance with the
manufacturer’s instructions and
shall comply with the requirements
of ASTM D7032 Section 5.6
Mechanical Fastener Holding
Project Pro™ Screw Driving Tool Tests for the use of concealed
clips. Simpson Strong-Tie
Applications: Deck boards, trim/rim boards, stair treads recommends consulting with the
• Auto-feed technology drives screws repeatedly — just point and drive decking manufacturer for their
recommendations.
• Fits most cordless drill/driver motors
• Simple to use — less experienced users can
work quickly and efficiently
• No fumbling and dropping screws
• Designed for use with 15/8"–21/2" WSV and DSV 15/8" – 2 1/2"
Wood screws collated for Quik Drive systems Stainless-steel connectors
are also available for high and
severe exposure environments
PRO300S System or applications using certain
preservative-treated woods.
Applications: Decks/docks, subfloor, wall plates, stair treads See pp. 6–8 for more detail.
• Expanded depth settings for high-density
materials
• Reversible and replaceable nonskid teeth
• Includes a decking nose clip to position decking
screws quickly and precisely every time
• Uniform toenailing and countersink on slick
surfaces 13/4" – 3"
• Sure-grip guide tube increases stability for a
broad range of screws
• Available with corded or cordless driver motors

For more information on Quik Drive products, see go.strongtie.com/quikdrive.

Shown with Deck Clip QDDECKCLIP-RC

F-DECKCODE25 © 2025 Simpson Strong-Tie Company Inc. (800) 999-5099 | strongtie.com Deck Connection and Fastening Guide | 53
Connector
Fastener
Selection
Guide
Connector Fastener Types

Many Simpson Strong-Tie ®

connectors have been 0 1½ 2½ 3 3¼ 3½

designed and tested for use
with specific types and sizes 0.162" x 3½"
(SCN Smooth Shank) 0.162"
of fasteners. The specified
quantity, type and size of
fastener must be installed 0.162" x 3½"
in the correct holes on the 0.162"
(SCNR™ Ring Shank)
connector to achieve published
loads. Other factors, such as
fastener material and finish, 0.148" x 3" 0.148"
(SCN Smooth Shank)
are also important. Incorrect
fastener selection or installation
can compromise connector SD Connector Screw
0.161"
#10 x 2½"
performance and could lead
to failure. For more information
about fasteners, see our 0.148" x 2½" to 3"
Fastening Systems catalog 0.148"
(SCNR Ring Shank)
at strongtie.com or access
our Fastener Finder software 0.131" x 2½"
at go.strongtie.com/ 0.131"
(SCNR Ring Shank)
fastenerfinder.
SD Connector Screw
#9 x 2½" 0.131"

SD Connector Screw
0.161"
#10 x 1½"
Available in black
double-barrier coating
0.148" x 1½" 0.148"
(SCN Smooth Shank)
The Simpson Strong-Tie
Strong-Drive SD Connector
® 0.148" x 1½" 0.148"
screw is the only screw (SCNR Ring Shank)
Fasteners are drawn
approved for use with our to scale. Nail diameter
0.131" x 1½" 0.131"
connectors. Consult the assumes no coating.
(SCNR Ring Shank)
current Simpson Strong‑Tie Screw diameter refers
Wood Construction to shank diameter.
SD Connector Screw
Connectors catalog for 0.131"
#9 x 1½"
complete fastener and
fastening requirements.
0.131" x 1½" 0.131"
For information on
(SCN Smooth Shank)
connector fasteners, see
go.strongtie.com/sd.
SDS Heavy-Duty Connector Screw
0.25" x various lengths 0.239"

The allowable loads

of stainless-steel
SDWH
connectors match TIMBER-HEX HDG Screw 0.276"
those of carbon-steel 0.276" x various lengths
connectors when
installed with Simpson
Strong-Tie stainless-
steel, SCNR ring-
shank nails. For more
information, refer to
the Fastening Systems
Technical Guide.

F-DECKCODE25 © 2025 Simpson Strong-Tie Company Inc. (800) 999-5099 | strongtie.com Deck Connection and Fastening Guide | 55
 Fastener Information

Fastening Identification
The following hole shapes are present on various Simpson Strong-Tie connectors, and have specific purposes:
®

Round Holes Obround Holes Square Holes Hexagonal Holes Triangular Holes Diamond Holes
Purpose: To fasten a Purpose: To make Purpose: To fasten a Purpose: To fasten a Purpose: To increase Purpose: To
connector. fastening a connector connector. connector to concrete a connector’s strength temporarily fasten a
in a tight location or masonry. or to achieve max. connector to make
Fill Requirements: Fill Requirements:
easier. strength. installing it easier.
Always fill, unless Always fill, unless Fill Requirements:
noted otherwise. Fill Requirements: noted otherwise. Always fill when Fill Requirements: Fill Requirements:
Always fill, unless fastening a connector When the designer None.
noted otherwise. to concrete or specifies max. nailing.
masonry.

Pilot
hole

Pilot Holes Speed Prongs Positive Angle Dome Nailing Double-Shear Nailing
Tooling holes for Used to temporarily Nailing (PAN) This feature guides the The nail is installed into the joist and
manufacturing position and secure the Provided when wood nail into the joist and header, distributing the load through
purposes. No connector for easier splitting may occur, and header at a 45° angle. two points on each joist nail for greater
fasteners required. and faster installation. to speed installation. strength. Double-shear nailing must be
full-length catalog nail.

Incorrect Applications
Short Nails Power Nailing
Do not use short (1 1⁄2") nails for double-shear nailing in LUS, Collated framing-nailer fasteners can only be used if:
MUS, HUS, LRU, HHUS, and HGUS hangers. ®

1. Correct diameter and length are installed

®
2. Correct material or finish is installed
3. Correct quantity is installed
4. N
 ails are driven with a hole-locating tool (finds the hole)
or by hand
5. A full, round concentric head is required
Double-shear nailing shall
NOTE:
use minimum 2 1/2" long nail or
SD Connector screws.
• Nails with 0.131" diameter may not be used to replace
10d common or 16d sinker nails
• Do not overdrive
• Drive only through punched holes
Power-driven nails must meet ASTM A153 Class D or
equivalent specification for ZMAX or hot-dip galvanized
®

applications. As most framing nails are only zinc-plated,

please ensure that the nails used with ZMAX connectors are
Shorter nails shall not be hot-dip galvanized to meet ASTM A153.
used as double-shear nails.

Consult the current Simpson Strong-Tie Wood Construction Connectors catalog for complete fastener and fastening requirements.

56 | Deck Connection and Fastening Guide (800) 999-5099 | strongtie.com F-DECKCODE25 © 2025 Simpson Strong-Tie Company Inc.
Connector Fastener Information

Screws for Connectors

Strong-Drive SDS HEAVY-DUTY CONNECTOR Screw
The Simpson Strong-Tie Strong-Drive SDS Heavy-Duty Connector screw is a 1/4"-diameter high-strength structural screw ideal for various
connector installations as well as wood-to-wood and engineered wood applications.

Features:
• Available with a double-barrier coating or in Type 316 stainless steel • Type-17 points enable easy driving with no predrilling and minimal
• Double-barrier coating provides corrosion resistance equivalent to splitting
hot-dip galvanization • Head is stamped with the Simpson Strong-Tie “=/” sign and fastener
length for easy identification after installation
Codes/Standards: ICC-ES ESR-2236

SDS Double-barrier (SDS25) SDS SS (SDS25SS)

Strong-Drive SD CONNECTOR Screw

Strong-Drive SD Connector and SD Connector SS Screws. These #9 and #10 hex-head fasteners are available in 1 1/2" and 2 1/2" lengths for
various connector installations and can replace 10d and 16d common nails. Please see the Fastening Systems Technical Guide for a list of
connectors approved for use with the SD Connector screws.

Features:
• Available in mechanically-galvanized coating and Type 316 stainless steel
• Tested and approved for use in many Simpson Strong-Tie connectors
Codes/Standards: ICC-ES ESR-3046

925

SD Mechanically Galvanized (SD9/SD10) SD SS (SD9SS)

Outdoor Accents® Hex-Head Washer W22

The Outdoor Accents patented hex-head washer provides the decorative

3.5
appearance of a bolted connection and its design enables a significantly
faster installation than through bolting. This can be used with Outdoor
Accents post bases, T and L straps, angles, gable plates and joist
hangers.

Features:
• Combined with Outdoor Accents structural screw (SDWS22312DBB,
SDWS22512DBB and SDWS25200DBB) it provides a structural
load‑rated solution
• Easy to install
• Black Quik Guard Coating
®
STN22 Hex-Head Washer with
Codes/Standards: IAPMO UES ER-192 SDWS22DBB and SDWS25DBB
structural screw

Outdoor Accents Connector Screw

The Outdoor Accents connector screw reduces installation time by driving easily without predrilling. Designed for use with Outdoor Accents
APA21 angles and APLH light joist hangers.

Features:
• 1/4" hex head engages with driver bit for easy installations
• Optimized heat treatment for ductility and strength
• Black double-barrier coating
Codes/Standards: ICC-ES ESR-3046

Outdoor Accents SD10112DBB

Connector Screw

F-DECKCODE25 © 2025 Simpson Strong-Tie Company Inc. (800) 999-5099 | strongtie.com Deck Connection and Fastening Guide | 57
 Make quick
work of
repetitive
fastening
Up to 4x Faster!

For more information, visit

go.strongtie.com/projectpro
or call (800) 999-5099

Project Pro
Screw Driving Tool..
™

(800) 999-5099 | go.strongtie.com/projectpro

 Build the ultimate
backyard dream.

Deck Planner Software™

Pergola Planner Software™

Fence Planner Software™

Deck
Plan, quote and build outdoor structures faster and easier. Our
DPS

Planner
Software™ design apps include Deck Planner Software™, Pergola Planner Software™
Pergola and Fence Planner Software™. The in-app tutorials make it easy to
PPS

Planner
Software™ select materials, dimensions, colors and hardware. Add patios, sheds,
Fence landscaping or other features, then display the entire yard in a realistic
FPS

Planner
Software™ 2D or 3D view. Once your design is complete, you can print a full materials
list, review permit submittal pages, and select a local dealer with available
supplies in your area.
Download free design software at go.strongtie.com/outdoorliving.
Or call (800) 999-5099 to learn more.
 Where great
backyards begin.

Beauty and strength go together with Outdoor Accents® decorative hardware

from Simpson Strong-Tie. We’re always expanding our Mission Collection ®
and Avant Collection™ lines with new products and accessories, making it easy
to enhance backyard structures and living spaces. Both lines feature an
innovative hex-head washer and fastener combo for the look of a bolted
connection that installs as easily as driving a screw. Plus, our code-listed
connectors and fasteners are rigorously tested for performance. So whether
you’re designing a pergola, pavilion or patio cover, it will be strong, safe and
Mission Avant beautiful for years to come.
Dream it. Design it. Build it. To see all of our Outdoor Accents decorative
hardware, visit go.strongtie.com/outdooraccents or call (800) 999-5099.

Outdoor Living Solutions | Products, Software and Service for Smarter Building

This flier is effective until June 30, 2027, and reflects information available as of February 1, 2025.
This information is updated periodically and should not be relied upon after June 30, 2027. (800) 999-5099
Contact Simpson Strong‑Tie for current information and limited warranty or see strongtie.com.
strongtie.com
© 2025 Simpson Strong‑Tie Company Inc. • P.O. Box 10789, Pleasanton, CA 94588 F-DECKCODE25 2/25 exp. 6/27