onit- 1 POE
limmaion o0wbitray wnt
1) FopmaHon t pE al0) By
6) by eliminahon t 0biloy Pun
#Lineov POE HVIkt 0rdet.
tu,u= o
LJorkiny .Kue To-o to lue Cp+=J
) tOYM AE
) Jolue E b the mt hod of qsoupng or the mehod o mulHplUer
Or boh Bo j t ndapendent iou-a v , Unee onbirarg wut.
) hen (u.v)= 0 :Flu) i enerol to.
# NOn-uneay PoE frt order
() horpitr Mumod
dP d dz d d dE
-
)
Work'nt Kuleg
) nknuen y in Ho7m ot[ . z.PQ)=o
2) Find
. nd
) Cwngidor thu1pty Auu uayy 4uahon
4) md p (or g) from ikpl) ond ue he nvn un
Pond9 lor )
De dz =pdr + and nresmie to tind z
thuthy't Mthod
u.o)= o
(ht d -(1)
2)
here Cb tonst.
d dy
+C
TOM (3)
y + )+gt9)-u)
Whera ga-4) ti on orbiary fac
NO opP inHGl tnd
u, O) 0 0 +)= 0
-y)=0
NRONERRSRRRRTENT
Rutu for fmatiny C8
(onadey 0 0
4
fo): D'+038' 40,0-0 (olled
Whth in afhmb0 li't
A.E m+a,M +0, =0
Find Hhe YO0ts ML,daM
tove t) whan AE hN driHnt YOolu_-
(0Ne() When A.t hoy qual 100
# Ruler for find/nj PI
|PT ouldy.
For Findin1 CF nNOn- homogento dE
ChR#
(+D-1) (02p2)z =o
2
Cf =h 1y-) +Ë }al12) A
PE
#+PI oY nOn- homogentoy
FC.0') FO.b
#Ontt-4
Pyobabiut= mo Fouaurable crg
hoo wtn louGPd
tAddHmlou hobabiuity (fAfB one
P(AUB) = PLAJ+ PC8) - P(A0B
Thorem (AUBUC)= PCA)+P(®) + Pt)-PLA06)- P(MC)- PAOdHP{ANBAC)
MuUHpueotr mPta) = P{A)1 PL)
Romdpm vonthe ; 6) Dsve Rondom U0r(obe
Variable.
Ci) ConHnuOy Randow
t Probabilit dlthibuhn:
) JistYeh Pyob. dismbuhon
to) Pt)20 r ny vdlll of
Meo Et oMr noMe neon is ou wpeued
Value EU)
#ExpetoHOn:*|EU)= q-Eup|
Property 0) EU)=y
(ou) Ela) =0 dh a li omt
Ci) E («X) = K Elk)
u E(KK) EX)tk
v) E(aAt b)= aE{x)t b
t) tonHnuoy Prob. d1uhibuhon
A n A) Jaid b b
(a) t ) o . for +
b) t d =1
1-0 4 -b
AYEd undtr tu, bJu ordinajy
P0x b) JF0d
A
NOH OP a (I<b) = P{0X<b)= P (0<Xsb) = P[aex
t) Prabobi uat a pt Pl7=a) = t d
0-AM
NeCM = | 0
d+EiptohHOn E)= F ld
00
4(0mulakre dsmbakhon p F)
F(t): P(X s1) fdd -
00
Proper H8 F(E0)=o, Fto):
0 F) MC+
P(o<X<b) F(6)-FO)
=
nomi Probabilutu O1mbutio no maly
n-Y
Pl7) =P(X-1) = My 'q P: 70b. uukys
prb. a/lun
ond " abplitable for ditbuh ML
Bmomal
Noials mut bt tnle (n Pmit)
)The trnilr ove Independtnt.
3) Prob uIs, in eath oil YMfns wnst.
BMomi ol ditmbuhm t N(P*Q"|
Poistons 10 p 0) App Perso
Pr)=a
#NOYmad Díshbuhm (pnhnuog)fw
Otonvert Z
eiley
2 - ure a om tab e
ondodi Z X- : mun, ¢dHomdord deM/ahion
fhe r normg) disbuh'oy ssymmehital about meoM
is unimodal dism buh. he meOM, moda
medi tmo
Poll dis ibuhion totmddo
tayt' hepvoH
PA/6) P[4:] {8/4:)
P
(PAiP[b/A:])
it-s
Proudneduref Hypoless teshn
) rate tht null Atrnatt Hy pothe id
2) JFote iCou levtl (L, 51, l1. )
) Deude atut, t|t|thi- tquoYe| ANOVA tt
tol uade he value
4) tut Jtotiu
5) Hind tabul aktd polu om tabl
(6) tom pore Caltulakd valu uih fobulated valu
, tol-valut<Tab volue
H Tejected
d- -
Onit -5
I) 0) t-tett: [FoY Jompe nge 30 S u unknogn ).
t - -L
Populah on meam, neJ0mple at
0mpk meon
S Itondord denthon f populahon,
t T- NOH =(n-1)S
A-1
dof t,-2
S
n+-2'j ntDa-2
mde pendtnu atn butes.
(o-Ei
dofM-1
i 0 , he dbserved t theore hical q. agre eMati
ti) o , do net asrte uauty, G-0bserved T
Et:CptUtd traq.
» Aulte Null Hypo hud inde pendat of (tov-1) + {uln-L
=
E od SuM1 lolumn JuM
Total SM.
Anova fest-pind ) Lt He hen
(GT) ="EA +20+EC
SRP) voma Total
) CoTtctl'on fatoY (Lf): ((1
N
(3) ema qu0 s)EA) + F
4)Totad JuM o5 ST- EA*
quav
+
EC+E-F
5) JU quvg SSE SST- SSt
6) NO Mate 4obe
uvu of vomOne um quave Dot
SSC - MSC SSC
Column Mn) F MSC
MSE
SSE tY-1 MSE SSE
TOtal SST (Y-L
C(T-1)
4) ompase teal< Fuh
4onO\thtrt
L) Conol Chort or vonablef8
Ci For - th0Yt Conbol Line-OY 4 Whn blerlone umitty
CCL
, fLOLUCL]
LCL (LolJtY tonrol imt)T-AR or
-AR
-(0Pper tonrol tiit) VCL T+A or + AR
Cti) For R thortCL=R where 0,4 De debend on t0M þle
LCL (for R Uhavt) =DR ge und hom tobe
UCL (fr R-thovt)=|D,
2 (on hol thart or Attn buY8 yoMable tiw
(i)Control imit! ( timit) on p-thart L
no- odetuhve avhue found in wy tupeho
CLF fotol no. o Orhuey qtualy inpeured
UCL P +3F(- F+
LtLp -3 FUP-1
:30mple ne
(n) tonrol init lor np thort L n
LtLnp n-3Jpp(-BI
n -3np
i) (onhtol imt f - Uhovli Cho bejfr |und nizecdotdefeuh'
n oll tompe
CL T 10- dejet
Toral no. Om þles
UtLT 3 JT LCLLCLe T-3T
tOnit-22
ttMemod eporaron of vanabe,
I1et u= XT )
) Jt0:a he vonable, hen qute unhk6)=tF)
Combaye he JepavBkd vnaby wi K.
4) APby
ApPH mihal wnd" ok puthiny npovoted vanthle (1)
u b u Rulu or fmdiy CF
Mn
) n YootH e AE OYE Teal { dis{Mt, 1OM, M,
MX
+ n
CF C + G, +. + |e"".f Cheh
AE ho4 a þciy of inoyinOY totr i,t,atip,Ph d-ip
3
uhere C I
) y{o.t)=0
niha C0Mo t=o
i) 0 uht=o tit) y-t), hen
# FOuney Jerno)
Jeney o
) HO_Yont cosi
L
2
HQU-YOne he Jey
#One- dimpnJionad Hed ftou
c unoun o
P
he bar dIFustuy malknol ofHe tar,a
Lut ul) bt kmp 1n
h e boundoyy ond"u) are i
t) u o, t) =o, fron rent o1 ulatt
{nih ond
ondVoablly are
ulo):
tndependet othe Hme "
In howogeneoy eoumdary tond
-Inital kmp d t buhon g uM.)+[
mo mp dismbuhlu,{.0: |*+
TD RU n he tmkrmecliake
pevfodgu- u,tM.tJt U:0)E
U doemot debend ont, Jheody dtat km diib. mrod
le ditmbuho hioh RMdr h o
04 t mweody
t2-0 heat lo0
u i inde þendt of t, o ha 0
m Je0dy ae,
- U)
Lopiate ayn in 20:U o
Aou :XY-(a Put1 m
ond Hnd Y onf Y.
quahvi; 1h- tond
doundty 4 mhol
Mulhp omd and appy
ntk
uine
- 1)
LC. (RCtLG)+RGV
L t 8'I +(Rt+ L4)+R41
o) 1 L03 R Rtau 4 R elegroh
b)tf&40 L L 1odlio
ey gib V--L -t
RGV RG1P r sub mtsin
d) f LC:0
CobR
MeOm #Unlt-3
y1AM E - a+Ed a+ -
Wher 0- 08umed mean, | - 1-0],d=-a
2) Medion- (0) Distre le dota, RY.
where
) Continuo uy dalo ullh fe
meclian cl
N: blat fsq MtdanI+2
CwmulOhve frq.
tlus yecediw He medu on cloy
tuw Kreaker Hhon N/2
Mpdhon& detrded by N sb, tE
Modt vOUIe o vortoble hat otcuI most sLquwnt
o)tonHnua dtta uithhes
Modt=l+|
2-
Foi JqM MeDtal dls knbuh og
Metum Modd z Medran
TMtta-+] toett a-, tof b
+b2: an+bz
Stmiled .
| = M+bz7
Jom
tParabota &+ b
tHHt 0 nponanhaloue y:Qe"i
okiny log boh diok lo lo0 +b 0
Y= A+OX
A zlofa
normal EY: nA +6EX
3) 00t Anh - 0nh oy A, 6: ontb
# O1relai om Kovl Peavuon toqt oLort1ahon_{7y
OM nE- eEE Maun
nE-E nzyt-ts
2) Konk toryelam :(1p0Yman't lok lorrel-
du
Di: n 10nk7h mdundiua
Y 1- 6 ED:2
nnt-1)
NOHE El-y) =Eti-zyt= oolos
TIde RonLY 1- DM(i-)+
12
m
12 (Mi-1).
n-1)
Revei mumLme 1el08
0+bT
0+6
1Tbgen- -7-bg
| - Jby:bybiso
by Z - Z
b nE-Z
nE(E) nE(
