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Recursion

The document provides a C program that calculates the sum of natural numbers using recursion, demonstrating how the function calls itself until it reaches zero. It also explains the four types of storage classes in C: Automatic, External, Static, and Register, detailing their storage location, default value, scope, and lifetime. Each storage class has specific characteristics that determine how variables are managed in memory.

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Amit Mahajan
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13 views3 pages

Recursion

The document provides a C program that calculates the sum of natural numbers using recursion, demonstrating how the function calls itself until it reaches zero. It also explains the four types of storage classes in C: Automatic, External, Static, and Register, detailing their storage location, default value, scope, and lifetime. Each storage class has specific characteristics that determine how variables are managed in memory.

Uploaded by

Amit Mahajan
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Example: Sum of Natural Numbers Using Recursion

#include <stdio.h>
int sum(int n);

int main() {
int number, result;

printf("Enter a positive integer: ");


scanf("%d", &number);

result = sum(number);

printf("sum = %d", result);


return 0;
}

int sum(int n) {
if (n != 0)
// sum() function calls itself
return n + sum(n-1);
else
return n;
}

Output

Enter a positive integer:3


sum = 6

Initially, the sum() is called from the main() function with number passed as an
argument.
Suppose, the value of n inside sum() is 3 initially. During the next function
call, 2 is passed to the sum() function. This process continues until n is
equal to 0.
When n is equal to 0, the if condition fails and the else part is executed
returning the sum of integers ultimately to the main() function.
Sum of Natural Numbers
Storage Classes in C
Storage classes in C are used to determine the lifetime, visibility, memory location, and
initial value of a variable. There are four types of storage classes in C

o Automatic
o External
o Static
o Register

Storage Storage Default Scope Lifetime


Classes Place Value

auto RAM Garbage Local Within function


Value

extern RAM Zero Global Till the end of the main


program Maybe declared
anywhere in the program

static RAM Zero Local Till the end of the main


program, Retains value
between multiple functions call

register Register Garbage Local Within the function


Value

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