FUNDAMENTALS OF INTERNET OF THINGS
By
Mr S K Hiremath
Asst Professor
Department of Computer Science and
Engineering
BVRIT HYDERABAD College of Engineering for Women
Name of the Course Fundamentals of Internet of Things
Course Code EC600OE
Year & Semester B.Tech III Year Ii Sem
Section CSE – B
Name of the Faculty Mr S K Hiremath
Lecture Hour | Date 25 | March 2021
Name of the Topic IOT PHYSICAL DEVICES & ENDPOINTS
Course Outcome(s) Know Basic Layers of Protocols of Internet of Things
BVRIT HYDERABAD College of Engineering for Women
Outline
IoT Physical Devices &
Endpoints
• Basic building blocks of an IoT Device
• Exemplary Device: Raspberry Pi
• Raspberry Pi interfaces
• Programming Raspberry Pi with Python
• Other IoT devices
BVRIT
Book website: HYDERABAD
http://www.internet-of-things- College of Engineering for Women
Bahga & Madisetti, ©
What is an IoT Device
• A "Thing" in Internet of Things (IoT) can be any object that has
aunique identifier and which can send/receive data (including
userdata) over a network (e.g., smart phone, smart TV,
computer,refrigerator, car, etc. ).
• IoT devices are connected to the Internet and send information
about themselves or about their surroundings (e.g. information
sensed by the connected sensors) over a network (to other devices
orservers/storage) or allow actuation upon the physical
entities/environment around them remotely.
BVRIT
Book website: HYDERABAD
http://www.internet-of-things- College of Engineering for Women
Bahga & Madisetti, ©
IoT Device Examples
• A home automation device that allows remotely monitoring thestatus of
appliances and controlling the appliances.
• An industrial machine which sends information abouts its operationand
health monitoring data to a server.
• A car which sends information about its location to a cloud-basedservice.
• A wireless-enabled wearable device that measures data about a
person such as the number of steps walked and sends the data to acloud-
based service.
BVRIT
Book website: HYDERABAD
http://www.internet-of-things- College of Engineering for Women
Bahga & Madisetti, ©
Basic building blocks of an IoT Device
• Sensing
• Sensors can be either on-board the IoT device or attached to the device.
• Actuation
• IoT devices can have various types of actuators attached that allow taking
• actions upon the physical entities in the vicinity of the device.
• Communication
• Communication modules are responsible for sending collected data to other
devices or cloud-based servers/storage and receiving data from other devicesand
commands from remote applications.
• Analysis & Processing
• Analysis and processing modules are responsible for making sense of thecollected
data.
BVRIT
Book website: HYDERABAD
http://www.internet-of-things- College of Engineering for Women
Bahga & Madisetti, ©
Block diagram of an IoT Device
BVRIT
Book website: HYDERABAD
http://www.internet-of-things- College of Engineering for Women
Bahga & Madisetti, ©
Exemplary Device: Raspberry Pi
• Raspberry Pi is a low-cost mini-computer with the physical size of acredit
card.
• Raspberry Pi runs various flavors of Linux and can perform almost alltasks
that a normal desktop computer can do.
• Raspberry Pi also allows interfacing sensors and actuators throughthe
general purpose I/O pins.
• Since Raspberry Pi runs Linux operating system, it supports Python"out of
the box".
BVRIT
Book website: HYDERABAD
http://www.internet-of-things- College of Engineering for Women
Bahga & Madisetti, ©
Exemplary Device: Raspberry Pi
• Raspberry Pi is a low-cost mini-computer with the physical size of a
credit card.
• Raspberry Pi runs various flavors of Linux and can perform almost alltasks
that a normal desktop computer can do.
• Raspberry Pi also allows interfacing sensors and actuators throughthe
general purpose I/O pins.
• Since Raspberry Pi runs Linux operating system, it supports Python"out of
the box".
BVRIT
Book website: HYDERABAD
http://www.internet-of-things- College of Engineering for Women
Bahga & Madisetti, ©
Raspberry Pi
BVRIT
Book website: HYDERABAD
http://www.internet-of-things- College of Engineering for Women
Bahga & Madisetti, ©
Linux on Raspberry Pi
• Raspbian
• Raspbian Linux is a Debian Wheezy port optimized for Raspberry Pi.
• Arch
• Arch is an Arch Linux port for AMD devices.
• Pidora
• Pidora Linux is a Fedora Linux optimized for Raspberry Pi.
• RaspBMC
• RaspBMC is an XBMC media-center distribution for Raspberry Pi.
• OpenELEC
• OpenELEC is a fast and user-friendly XBMC media-center distribution.
• RISC OS
• RISC OS is a very fast and compact operating system.
BVRIT
Book website: HYDERABAD
http://www.internet-of-things- College of Engineering for Women
Bahga & Madisetti, ©
Raspberry Pi GPIO
BVRIT
Book website: HYDERABAD
http://www.internet-of-things- College of Engineering for Women
Bahga & Madisetti, ©
Raspberry Pi Interfaces
• Serial
• The serial interface on Raspberry Pi has receive (Rx) and transmit (Tx) pinsfor
communication with serial peripherals.
• SPI
• Serial Peripheral Interface (SPI) is a synchronous serial data protocol usedfor
communicating with one or more peripheral devices.
• I2C
• The I2C interface pins on Raspberry Pi allow you to connect hardware
modules. I2C interface allows synchronous data transfer with just two pins -SDA
(data line) and SCL (clock line).
BVRIT
Book website: HYDERABAD
http://www.internet-of-things- College of Engineering for Women
Bahga & Madisetti, ©
Raspberry Pi Example:
Interfacing LED and switch with Raspberry Pi
from time import sleep
import RPi.GPIO as GPIOGPIO.setmode(GPIO.BCM)
#Switch Pin
GPIO.setup(25, GPIO.IN)#LED Pin
GPIO.setup(18, GPIO.OUT)state=false
def toggleLED(pin):
state = not state
GPIO.output(pin, state)
while True:
try:
i (GPIO.input(25) == True):
f toggleLED(pin)
sleep(.01)
except KeyboardInterrupt: exit()
BVRIT
Book website: HYDERABAD
http://www.internet-of-things- College of Engineering for Women
Bahga & Madisetti, ©
Other Devices
• pcDuino
• BeagleBone Black
• Cubieboard
BVRIT
Book website: HYDERABAD
http://www.internet-of-things- College of Engineering for Women
Bahga & Madisetti, ©
Thank you
BVRIT HYDERABAD College of Engineering for Women
