MODIFIER
MODIFIER: The word or the phrase or the clause that modifies another word or phrase or clause
is called modifier.
Modifier is of three kinds. They are:-
1. Pre-modifier - Noun-Adjective, Determiners, Quantifiers Etc.
2. Post-modifier – Appositive, Participle Phrase, Relative Clause Etc.
3. Dangling Modifier- Perfect Participle Phrase.*
Question Pattern Wise Modifier Rules:
Noun:
1. Appositive → A/An/The+Adj.+Noun(Gives extra information)
Exp: Shakib, a great cricketer, is a famous man.
2. Noun-Adjective → Noun-Noun
1st Noun is used as adjective so it is called Noun-Adjective.
Exp: It is a flower garden.
Pronoun:
3. Possessive → Pronominal Adjective ( my,our,your,his,her,its,one’s,their )
Exp: His brother has gone to Japan.
4. Demonstratrive → Demonstrative pronoun ( this,that,these,those )
Exp: I bought this book yesterday.
5. Relative Clause → WH words+ Sentence
Exp: The lady who ate many items was greedy.
Adjective:
6. Pre-Modify the Noun → Adjective (Exception)**
Exp: Our country needs more honest workers.
7. Quantifier → Adj. of Number & Adj. Of Quantity
Exp: a) One issue causes many problems.
b) I want more money.
8. Article → A\An\The
Exp: He bought a pen.
9. Determiners → { a,an,the,each,every,any,one,some,few,no,several,many,all,other,another }
Exp: We must utilize every second of our life.
MODIFIER
Verb:
10. Present participle phrase → V1+ing+Object
Exp: The boy standing at the door is known to me.
11. Past participle phrase → V3/Past participle+Object
Exp: The machines made in a local factory are working well.
12. Perfect participle phrase → Having+ V3/P.P+Object {Dangling Participle}
Exp: Having completed the work, she joined our party.
» “Having completed” perfect participle and “Having completed the work” perfect participle
phrase, which modifies the word “she” by giving extra information.
13. Infinitive participle phrase → To+ V1+ Noun/Noun phrase
Exp: I’m very happy to meet you.
Adverb:
14. Intensifier → Adverb of Degree ( very,so,too,quite,totally,enough,absolutely,extremely )
Exp: They are very happy.
15. Pre or Post modify the Adjective → Use of Adverb
Exp: Language is always present in our life.
16. Pre or Post modify the Verb → Use of Adverb
Exp: One should read newspaper regularly.
17. Pre or Post modify the Adverb → Use of Adverb
Exp: Usain Bolt runs very fast.
18. Adverbial → Double Adverb (MPT must be followed)
Exp: He reads the holy Quran softly at the balcony in the morning.
19. Adverbial phrase →
i) Preposition+ (article+adjective)+ noun
Exp: a) He lives in a small house. b) Ziaurrahman lives at Uttara in Dhaka.
ii) Every+ time indicator words. Exp: Everyday I miss the show.
Hinds: Properly →in a proper way. Gorgeously → in a gorgeous manner
Note: Every adverbial phrase is prepositional phrase.
Preposition:
20. Prepositional phrase → Prep. + noun/noun phrase. (Starts with Prep. And ends with noun)
Exp: He is addicted to playing card.
You shouldn’t meet me at late night.
