SOUND another neighboring particle and finally reach in our ears.

Some Important SI units:- 05. What is compression and rarefaction?

(1) Frequency - Hertz (Hz) (5) Momentum (P) mv- kgm/s Ans:- Compression:-When a vibrating object moves forward, it creates a region of high
(2) Wavelength - mtr (m) (6) Work & Energy- joule (J) pressure and density. This region is called compression.
(3) Acceleration - m/s2 (ms-2) (7) (4) Force/Weight -Newton (N) kgm/s2 - In graphical representation, it is called peak and this peak is called crest.
(8) Power-Watt (joule/s) (9) 1 unit of electricity=1kWh Rarefaction:- When a vibrating object moves backward, it creates a region of low pressure
and density. This region is called rarefaction.
01. What is periodic motion? - In graphical representation, it is called valley and this valley is called trough.
The motion of a body that repeat itself after a fixed time is called a periodic motion. Such as; 06. How sound is produced by your school bell?
(a) Motion of a planet around the sun. Ans :- When the bell is hit with a hammer, it vibrates and vibration creates a series of
(b) Motion of hands/needle of a clock. compression and rarefaction rapidly in the air and sound produced.
02. What is oscillatory motion and vibratory motion? 06. What do you mean by;
The repeatedly to-and-fro motion about a fixed position or mean position is called oscillatory (a) Sound wave:- A sound wave is a vibratory disturbance in a medium which carries energy
motion. from one point to another point without being direct contact between the two points.
(In low frequency). (b) Wave motion:- Wave motion is a repeated vibratory disturbance in a medium is handed
And repeatedly and rapidly to-and-fro motion about a fixed position or mean position is called over from one particle to the another particle.
vibratory motion. - The motion of disturbance is called wave motion.
(In high frequency) Such as;
07. What are mechanical or elastic waves? Why sound wave is called mechanical wave?
(a) Motion of pendulum of a wall clock.
Ans:- The waves which require a material medium for the propagation are called mechanical
(b) Motion of swing (>qyk) wave.
 One to-and-fro motion is called one oscillation or one vibration or one cycle. Example:- Sound wave in air, wave over water, Seismic wave.
03. Define the terms:- - Since sound wave also requires a material medium, so it is called mechanical wave.
(a) Time period:- The time taken to complete one oscillation is called time period.
08. Will it be possible to hear any sound produced by your friend on the moon?
It is denoted by T.
Ans:- Since there is no atmosphere on the moon means no material medium is available for
Its SI unit is second (s).
the propagation of sound. Hence, we can’t hear sound on the moon.
(b) Frequency: - The number of oscillation or vibration completed by wave in one second is
(Astronaut cannot talk to each other due to the absence of material medium in the space.)
called frequency.
- It is also called cycles per second. 09. What are electromagnetic waves?
- It is denoted by Greek letter nu (v) or English letter ‘f’. Ans:- The waves which don’t require a material medium for the propagation are called
- Its SI unit is hertz (Hz) electromagnetic waves.
- It can travel through vacuum.
1 Example:- Light waves, X-rays, Radio waves, Microwaves.
Frequency V (f) =
T 10. How many types of waves are? Write the differences also?
04. What is sound? Ans:- There are two types of waves;
Ans:- A sound is a form of mechanical energy which produces a sensation of hearing in our ear (a) Transverse waves-Particles of the medium vibrate perpendicular to the direction of
drums. the wave motion.
(a) Sound is kinetic energy. (b) Longitudinal waves-Particles of the medium vibrate back and forth to the direction of
(b) It needs medium to travel, the wave motion.
In dry air (00) speed -332m/s at 200 – 344m/s
Transverse waves Longitudinal waves
In 343.2 m/s and in water 1498 m/s,
i. The particles of the medium vibrate The Particles of the medium vibrate back and
in iron 5960 m/s.
perpendicular to the direction of the forth or parallel to the direction of the wave
(c) It cannot travel in vacuum.
wave motion. motion.
05. How the sound is produced?
ii. Travel in the form of alternate crusts Travel in the form of alternate compression
Ans:- When an object vibrates, vibration and troughs and rarefaction
creates aseries of compression (move iii Can be transmitted through solid and Can be transmitted through solid, liquid and
forward and create higher pressure and . liquid. gases.
density) and rarefaction (move iv. Don’t cause pressure changes in the Causes pressure changes in medium so it is
backward and create lower pressure and medium. also called pressure wave.
density) rapidly in the air and these v. Example-waves on water, waves in Ex-Sound wave in air, Waves in compressed
compression and rarefaction is handed over to one particle to stretched spring spring (freely suspended)
 - Its SI unit is second (s).
11. Difference between sound and light waves? Relation between Frequency and Time period:-
12. When the wire of ‘Sitar’ is plucked, what types of waves are produced in the wire and in
Sound waves Light waves
the air?
Ans:- In the wire:- Transverse wave. i. This is longitudinal waves in air. This is transverse waves.
In the air :- Longitudinal wave. ii. It requires medium for propagation. No medium requires.
iii Speed in air 332 m/s at 00 C Speed in air 3 X 108 m/s
.
CHARACTERISTICS OF A SOUND WAVE iv. This is mechanical waves. This is electromagnetic waves
13. Define the all characteristics of a sound wave?
Since, time taken to complete 1 oscillation = T second
Ans:- A sound wave is a longitudinal wave has following
Five Characteristics:-
∴ ,, ,, v ,, = 1/T second.
(i) Wavelength, (ii) amplitude, (iii) Frequency (v) Velocity (Speed):- The distance travelled by a wave in 1 second is called velocity of the
(iv) Time period, (v) Velocity (Speed). wave.
(i) Wavelength:- The distance between two consecutive Distance travellled Medium m/s
Compression (crest) and rarefaction (trough) is called - Velocity = Aluminium 6420
Time taken Steel 5960
Wavelength. - Velocity is denoted by v or c
Or, the distance travelled by the wave during one complete oscillation. Water (Sea) 1531
- SI unit of wave is m/s
• The wavelength of a wave is represented by the symbol lambda λ. Water (distilled) 1498
- Velocity of sound is 15 times faster iron than air.
1 v - Due the faster speed of Light than sound, we see Hydrogen 1284
• wavelength λ=T × v = × v= Air 200
C 344
f f the
• The SI unit of wavelength is a meter (m) or cm. flash of light first and the Sound of thunder a little Oxygen 316
• The distance between a crest and an adjacent trough = Half the wave length= λ/2 later.
(ii) Amplitude: -The maximum displacement of the particles of a medium from their mean Speed of sound depends upon
position is called the amplitude of the wave. (i) Medium:- Denser the medium higher the speed.
- Crest represents the amplitude in the positive cycle. (ii) Temperature;- Increase the temperature increase the speed.
- Trough represents the amplitude in the negative cycle. - 0.6 m/s speed increase on 10 temp increasing.
- It is denoted by A. - Speed of the sound will be more on a hot day than cold day.
- SI unit is meter (m) (iii) Humidity :- Speed of the sound is less in dry air and more in humid air.
- Amplitude decides the loudness and softness of the sound. 14. Why is the flash of lightning from cloud seen much before the thunder although both occur
- Loudness is measured in ‘decibel’ (dB). simultaneously?
- Louder Sound:-Large amplitude, Ans:- The velocity of light is 3 x 10 8 m/s is much greater than the velocity of sound 344 m/s, so the
- Softer Sound:-Small amplitude. flash of lightning from cloud seen much before the thunder.
(iii) Frequency:- The number of wave/oscillation or vibration produced per second is called
15. Derive the relationship between frequency, wavelength and velocity of a wave?
frequency.
Ans:- Suppose, a wave travels a distance = λ
No of wave/oscillation/vibratin produced with velocity of the wave = v
Frequency =
Time taken Frequency of the wave=f
- It is also called cycle per second. It is the rate at which waves are produced. Time period to complete one oscillation/wave=T
1 Distance travellled λ
- Frequency is equal to reciprocal of time. Hence, Frequency v (f) = We know that, Velocity v = =
T Time taken T
- It is denoted by Greek letter nu (v) or English letter ‘f’. 1 1
- SI unit is Hertz (Hz). =λX
T =λXf (⸪ T =f )
- Audible sound between 20 Hz to 20,000 Hz. (It is called frequency range of
Velocity of the wave = Wave length X frequency.
hearing in humans)
- But directly proportional to the Pitch of the sound. (Higher the frequency higher the SUPER SONIC SPEED/SONIC BOOM
pitch) 16. What do you understand by following terms:-
- It does not change when medium is changed. (a) Supersonic Speed:-When a body moves faster than the speed of sound, then it called to
(iv) Time-period:- The time taken to complete one oscillation is called time period. have a supersonic speed.
- It is denoted by T. Example:- Bullets, Jet aircraft.
 (b) Shock wave:-When supersonic body travels in air, it leaves a conical region of disturbance →Frequency-It is directly proportional to the square of the frequency.
containing very high pressure having great amount of energy behind itself. This is called shock →Surface area of vibrating body- (Directly proportional) Larger the size of vibrating
wave. It is also called Mach wave. body, louder the sound.
(c) Sonic Boom:- A very sharp and loud sound produced by the air pressure variation →Distance- Inversely proportional to the square of the distance from the source.
associated with a shock wave is called sonic boom. (Closer the source, louder the sound).
- It can cause damage of window glass and even a building also. →Density of the medium- Denser the medium, Louder the sound.
(d) Mach Number:-The ration of speed of the body and speed of the sound is called Mach Intensity:-
number. (i) It is the Physical sensation of loudness.
(ii) The amount of energy passing per unit time per unit area in perpendicular direction to
NUMERICALS PROBLEMS
Energy Power
17. If 20 waves are produced per second then what is the frequency of the wave? the area is called Intensity.→Intensity = = (⸪
Area ×time Area
No of wave/oscillation/vibratin produced 20 Energy
Soln:- Frequency = = = 20 Hz. (Ans) =Power ¿
Time taken 1 Time
18. A bat can hear a sound of a frequency upto 120 kHz. Determine the wavelength of sound in
→Unit of intensity = watt/meter2 (W/m2)
air if speed of sound in air is 344 m/s.
(b) Pitch:- It is also a psychological property of sound related to frequency.
Soln:- Given that, frequency = 120 kHz = 120000 Hz Velocity/speed = 344 m/s =344x100 cm/s
 It differentiate between shrill and dull sound.
Wavelength = ?
 High pitch sound called treble. Low pitch sound is called bass.
Wavelength = Speed x Time = v/f = 344x100/120000=0.286 cm = 0.29 cm (Ans)
 The voice of the lady (280Hz) is shriller than a man (140Hz).
19. Calculate the wavelength of a sound wave whose frequency is 220 Hz and speed is 440 m/s
in a medium? (c) Quality (Timbre):-
Soln:- Given that, Frequency = 220 Hz, Speed/velocity = 440 ms-1 The characteristic of sound which distinguishes it from another sound of same loudness and
1 1 pitch produced by two different sources, is called quality.
Wavelength ( λ )= Speed X Time = Speed X = 440 X = 2 mtr.  A sound of single frequency is called a Tone.
f 220
20. A person is listening to a tone of 500 Hz sitting at a distance of 450 m from the source of  A sound produced due to mixture of several frequencies is called a Note.
sound. What is the time interval between the successive compressions from the source? 23. Difference between Musical Sound and Noise?
Soln:- Given that, Frequency = 500 Hz, Distance = Wavelength= 450 m = Successive Ans:-
Compression/rarefaction. MUSICAL SOUND NOISE
1 1 It consists of a series of sound impulses It consist of series of sound impulses following
Time = s= s = 0.002 s (Ans)
f 500 following each other at regular interval of time. each other at irregular interval of time.
21. If the wavelength is 0.15 m, find the horizontal distance between a wave crest and There is no sudden changes in amplitude. There are sudden changes in amplitude.
adjoining wave trough? It is usually of high frequency. It is usually of low frequency.
λ It has a pleasant effect on the ear. It has an unpleasant effect on the ear.
Soln:- Distance between a wave crest and adjoining wave trough = = 0.15 m/2 =15 cm/2 =
2 REFLECTION OF SOUND, ECHOS AND REVERBERATRION
7.5cm
CHARACTERISTICS OF SOUND 24. What is reflection of sound? Does sound follow the same law of reflection as light does?
22. Mention the three characteristics of sound? Ans:- When a sound travelling in a medium and strikes the surface of another medium, a part of the
Ans:- The characteristics of sound are:- (a) Loudness & Intensity (b), Pitch and (c) Quality (Timber) incident wave is reflected back into the same medium is called reflection of sound.
of sound.  It follows same law of reflection as light follows.
(a) Loudness:-  Angle of reflection=Angle of incident.
(i) The psychological sensation produced in the ear, which enables us to distinguish between  The incident wave, the reflected wave and the normal, all lie on the same plane.
a loud and faint sound is called loudness of sound.  Hard surface is best reflector.
→Loudness of sound is a measure of the sound energy reaching the ear per Application of reflection of sound:-
a) Megaphone b) Bulb Horne
second.
c) Stethoscope d) Sound board
→Greater the sound energy louder the sound.
(i) It cannot measures but felt in ‘decibel’ (dB). 25. (a) What is an echo?
(ii) It depends upon; (b) Give the conditions for the production of echo?
→The amplitude - It is directly proportional to the square of the amplitude.
Ans:- The repetition of sound caused by the reflection of sound wave is called echo. It is also called Total distance travelled by the sound = 2d mtr
‘goonj’ or ‘partidhawni’ in hindi. Speed of sound = 340 m/s
Condition for the production echo:- Time taken for echo = 4 s
a) Minimum time gap 1/10 second between original and reflected sound. Distance = Time x speed = 4 x 340
b) Minimum distance 17.2 m (at 200 C) between source of sound and obstacle. 2d = 4 x 340
c) Nature of obstacle must be rigid like wall, building, hill and cliff. d = 4 x 340/2 = 680 mtr.
d) Size of obstacle must be large.
26. Why do we not get echo in small room?
RANGE OF HEARING
Ans:- An echo can be heard distinctly if the minimum distance is 17.2 m between source of sound 33. What is the audible range of frequency?
and obstacle. In a small room, the original and reflected sound get mixed due to short distance and Ans:- We can’t hear the sound of frequency less than 20 Hz and more than 20,000 Hz.
we can’t hear echo.  The range of frequency from 20 Hz to 20000 Hz (20 kHz) is known as the audible range
of frequency in humans.
27. What is multiple echo? Give an example? 34. What are infrasonic and Ultrasonic waves (sound)?
Ans:- The successive reflection of sound caused by the reflection of sound wave from multiple Ans:-Infrasonic waves/Infrasound:- The sound of frequencies less than 20 hertz are called
obstacle and echoes are heard one after another. These echo is called multiple echo. infrasonic sound or infrasound.
Example:- Rolling thunder:- Due to successive reflections between the cloud and land surface.  (a) vibrating simple pendulum, (b) Earthquake, (c) whales, (d) elephants
(e) rhinoceroses produces infrasonic sound.
28. Why are the ceiling of concert hall is curved? Ultrasonic or ultrasound:- The sound frequencies more than 20,000 hertz are called ultrasonic
or ultrasound.
Ans:- The ceiling of concert hall is curved so that sound after reflection can reach all corners of the  Children under age of 5 years (hear upto 25,000Hz),
hall.  Bats (hear upto 1,20,000 Hz),
29. What is reverberation? How is reverberation controlled in auditorium?  dogs (hear upto 50,000 Hz), rats, dolphins, porpoises, birds and insects can produce and
Ans:- The persistence of sound due to repeated/successive reflection from wall, ceiling and other hear ultrasound
materials of a large hall is called reverberation. 35. It is observed that some animals get disturbed before earthquake, why?
To control reverberation:- Ans:- Earthquake produces low frequency infrasonic sound before the main shock, these
a) The wall are covered with sound absorbing materials. frequencies can be detected by some animals and get disturbed.
b) The floor is carpeted.
c) The furniture is upholstered (xnnh yxkuk) 36. Give two application of ultrasonic sound?
d) Use false ceiling. Ans:- (a) In the treatment of muscular pain. (b) In the detection of defects metal blocks.
30. Distinguish between echo and reverberation? (c) Used to investigate internal organ of human body.
Ans:- (d) Used to monitor the development of fetus (unborn baby)
Echo Reverberation (e) To clean hard to reach part of the machines.
The repetition of sound caused by the The persistence of sound due to repeated 37. Write the full name of SONAR. How will you determine the depth of sea using echo
reflection of sound wave is called echo. reflection is called reverberation. ranging?
It occurs from one obstacle. It occurs from many obstacles. Ans:- SONAR stands for Sound Navigation and Ranging. It is a device that uses ultrasound waves
Original and reflected sound can be heard Original and reflected sound can’t be heard to measure the distance, direction and speed of underwater object.
separately. separately. Working of SONAR:- A strong beam of ultrasound waves is sent from a transmitter mounted
on a ship and reflected back from the object and received by the receiver mounted on the ship.
31. An echo is heard in 3 second. What is the distance of the reflecting surface from the source, The time interval between transmission and reception of the ultrasonic waves is calculated and
if the speed of sound is 342 m/s ? noted.
Ans:- Given that, Speed of sound = 342 m/s  Distance = v x t/2.
Time taken for echo = 3 second.  The SONAR method is also called echo ranging.
Let the Distance between source and reflecting source= d mtr 38. A submarine emits a SONAR pulse which returns from a underwater cliff in 1.02 s. if the
Total distance travelled by the sound = d+d = 2d mtr speed of sound in water is 1531 m/s then how far away is the cliff?
speed X time= 2d mtr Soln:- Time = 1.02 second,
342 X 3 = 2d mtr Speed of sound = 1531 m/s
d mtr = 342 X 3/2 = 1026/2 Let the distance of cliff = d mtr.
Hence, the distance of the reflecting surface = 513 m (Ans) Total distance covered by sound = 2d
32. A child hear an echo from a cliff 4 seconds after the sound from a powerful cracker is
produced. How far away the cliff from the child if speed of sound is 340 m/s? But Total Distance covered by sound = v x t /2
Soln:- Let the distance between child and cliff = d mtr Or, 2d = 1531 x 1.02
 Or, d = 1531 x 1.02/2 = 780.81 mtr. (Ans) Q9. If you want to hear a train approaching from far away, why is it more convenient to put
the ear to the track?
39. Fathometer:- When echo ranging is used to determine the depth of the sea it is called Answer: It is more convenient to put the ear to the track because sound waves travel faster in solids
fathometer. than in the air.
40. Explain the structure and working of human ear? Q10. What is the speed of sound:
Ans:- Human ears consists of three compartment; a) in air
(a) The outer ear:- It has pinna, auditory canal and ear drum (tympanum). b) in water
 Pinna collect the sound and send it to ear drum through auditory canal (2.7mm c) in iron
long). Answer:
And ear drum vibrates. a) Air is 344 m/s
(b) The middle ear:- It also consists of three little bones osscicles called hammer, anvil and b) Water is 1498 m/s
stirrup. c) Iron is 5130 m/s
 Middle ear amplified the vibration and transmit to the inner ear. Q11. What name is given to those aircrafts which fly at speeds greater than the speed of
(b) The Inner ear:-It consists of cochlea, basilar membrane and three semi circular cananls. sound?
 It converted sound energy into electrical energy and send to brain. Answer: Supersonic aircrafts
Q12. A jet aircraft flies at a speed of 410 m/s. What is this speed known as?
Answer: Supersonic speed
Q13. What is meant by supersonic speed?
Answer: Supersonic speed means the speed of an object which is greater than the speed of sound.
Q14. State one observation from everyday life which shows that sound travels much slower
SHORT AND VERY SHORT QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS than light.
Q1 Name the physical quantity whose SI unit is ‘hertz’. Answer: One observation from everyday life, which shows that sound travels much slower than
Answer: Frequency light, is during monsoons. We first see the lightning and then hear the sound of thunder.
Q2. What is the SI unit of frequency? Q15. Name the two types of waves which can be generated in a long flexible spring.
Answer:Hertz is the SI unit of frequency. Answer: The two types of waves are longitudinal waves and transverse waves.
Q3. What type of wave is represented: Q16. A stone is dropped on the surface of the water in a pond. Name the type of waves
a) by density-distance graph? produced.
b) by displacement-distance graph? Answer: Transverse waves.
Answer: a) Longitudinal wave b) Transverse wave
Q17. Name the type of waves produced when a tuning fork is struck in the air.
Q4. Is the speed of sound more in water or in steel? Answer: Longitudinal waves
Answer: The speed of sound is more in steel than in water. Q18. What is the general name of the waves consisting of:
Q5. In which medium sound travels faster: air or iron? a) compressions and rarefactions
Answer:Sound travels faster in iron than in air. b) crests and troughs
Answer: a) Longitudinal waves b) Transverse waves
Q6. In which medium sound travels fastest: air, water, or steel?
Answer:Sound travels fastest in steel. Q19. State the general name of the waves in which the particles of the medium vibrate:
a) in the same direction as wave
Q7. Out of solids, liquids, and gases: b) at right angles to the direction of the wave
a) in which medium sound travels slowest? Answer: a) Longitudinal waves b) Transverse waves
b) in which medium sound travels fastest?
Answer: a) Sound travels slowest in gases b) Sound travels fastest in solids Q20. What type of waves are illustrated by the movement of a rope whose one end is
fixed to a pole and the other end is moved up and down?
Q8. Which of the following is the speed of sound in copper, and which in aluminium? Answer: Transverse waves
a) 5100 m/s
c) 3750 m/s Q21. What should an object do to produce sound?
Answer: a) Speed of sound in copper is 3750 m/s b) Speed of sound in aluminium is 5100 m/s Answer: An object produces sound; there is a creation of vibrations.
Q22. What is the name of the strings which vibrate in our voice box when we talk? Q70. If the speed of a wave is 340 m/s and its frequency is 1700 Hz, then λ for this
Answer:Vocal cords in our voice box produce sound. wave in cm will be:
a) 2
Q23. Name the device which is used to produce sound in laboratory experiments. b) 0.2
Answer: A tuning fork is a device which is used for producing sound in laboratory c) 20
experiments. d) 200
Q24. What is the nature of sound waves in the air? Answer: The correct answer is c) 20
Answer: The nature of sound waves in air is longitudinal waves. Q71. A musical instrument produces a continuous note. This note cannot be heard by
Q25. What is the time period of a tuning fork whose frequency is 200 Hz? a person having a normal hearing range. This note must then be passed through:
Answer: Frequency = 200 Hz a) water
Frequency = 1/ time period b) wax
Time period = 1/ frequency c) vacuum
= 5 × 10-9 s d) empty vessel
Q26. Calculate the frequency of a wave whose time period is 0.02s. Answer: The correct answer is c) vacuum
Answer: Frequency = 1/ time period Q72. Which one of the following does not consist of transverse waves?
= 1/0.02 a) light emitted by a CFL
= 50 Hz b) TV signals from a satellite
c) ripples on the surface of a pond
d) musical notes of an orchestra
Q27. Fill in the blanks with suitable words: Answer: The correct answer is d) musical notes of an orchestra
a) Sound is caused by Vibrations
b) A sound wave consists of places of higher pressure called Compression and places of lower Q73. Sound travels in air:
pressure called rarefaction a) if particles of medium travel from one place to another
c) Wave speed in meters per second equals frequency in Hertz multiplied by wavelength in b) if there is no moisture in the atmosphere
meters. c) if disturbance moves
d) Sound cannot travel through Vacuum d) if both particles as well as disturbance move from one place to another
e) The speed of sound in a solid is Greater than the speed of sound in air. Answer: The correct answer is c) if disturbance moves
f) When the frequency of the sound is increased, the wavelength Decreases
Q74. In the sound wave produced by a vibrating tuning fork shown in the diagram,
half the wavelength is represented by:
Multiple Choice Questions
Q68. Which of the following statement best describes frequency?
a) the maximum disturbance caused by a wave
b) the number of complete vibrations per second
c) the distance between one crest of a wave and the next one
d) the distance travelled by a wave per second
Answer: The correct answer is b) the number of complete vibrations per second a) AB
b) BD
Q69. Which of the following vibrates when a musical note is produced by the cymbals c) DE
in an orchestra? d) AE
a) stretched strings Answer: The correct answer is b) BD
b) stretched membranes
c) metal plates Q75. The maximum speed of vibrations which produce audible sound will be in:
d) air columns a) dry air
Answer: The correct answer is c) metal plates b) seawater
c) ground glass
d) human blood
Answer: The correct answer is c) ground glass (e) Echoes are caused by the ............. of sound.
Ans. (a) reflected (b) frequency (c) amplitude (d) waveform (e)
Q76. The sound waves travel fastest: reflection.
a) in solids
Multiple Choice Questions (MCQs)
b) in liquids
69. In SONAR we use :
c) in gases
(a) ultrasonic waves (b) infrasonic waves (c) radio waves (d) audible
d) in vacuum
sound waves
Answer: The correct answer is a) in solids
Q77. The speeds of sound in four different media are given below. Which of the 70. When we change a feeble sound to a loud sound, we increase its :
following is the most likely speed in m/s with which the two underwater whales in a (a) frequency (b) amplitude (c) velocity (d) wavelength
sea talk to each other when separated by a large distance? 71. Which kind of sound is produced in an earthquake before the main
a) 340 shock wave begins ?
b) 5170 (a) ultrasound (b) infrasound (c) audible sound (d) none of the above
c) 1280
d) 1530 72. Before playing the orchestra in a musical concert, a sitarist tries to adjust
Answer: The correct answer is d) 1530 the tension and pluck the strings
suitably. By doing so he is adjusting :
Q78. When the pitch of the note produced by a harmonium is lowered, then the (a) intensity of sound only
wavelength of the note: (b) amplitude of sound only
a) decreases (c) frequency of the sitar string with the frequency of other musical instruments
b) first decreases and then increases (d) loudness of sound
c) increases
d) remains the same 73. ‘Note’ is a sound :
(a) of a mixture of several frequencies (b) of mixture of only two frequencies
Answer: The correct answer is c) increases
(c) of a single frequency (d) always unpleasant to listen to
Q79. The velocities of sound waves in four media, P, Q, R, and S, are 18000 km/h, 900 74. A key of mechanical piano is first struck gently and then struck again but
km/h, 0 km/h, and 1200 km/h, respectively. Which medium could be a liquid much harder this time. In the
substance? second case :
a) P (a) sound will be louder but pitch will not be different
b) Q (b) sound will be louder and the pitch will also be higher
(c) sound will be louder but pitch will be lower
c) R
(d) both loudness and pitch will remain unaffected
d) S
Answer: The correct answer is d) S 75. One of the following can hear infrasound. This one is :
(a) dog (b) bat (c) rhinoceros (d) humans
Q80. Which of the following can produce longitudinal waves as well as 76. An echo-sounder in a trawler (fishing boat) receives an echo from a shoal of
transverse waves under different conditions? fish 0.4 s after it was sent. If the
a) water speed of sound in water is 1500 m/s, how deep is the shoal ?
b) TV transmitter (a) 150 m (b) 300 m (c) 600 m (d) 7500 m
c) slinky 77. The The speed of highly penetrating ultrasonic waves is :
d) tuning fork (a) lower than those of audible sound waves (b) higher than those of audible
Answer: The correct answer is c) slinky sound waves
(c) much higher than those of audible sound waves (d) same as those of audible
37. Fill in the following blanks with suitable words : sound waves
(a) An echo is simply a ............. sound. 78. The ultrasound waves can penetrate into matter to a large extent because
(b) Pitch of sound depends on ............... . they have :
(c) Loudness of sound depends on ............ . (a) very high speed (b) very high frequency (c) very high wavelength (d) very
(d) Quality of sound depends on ............... . high amplitude
79. The frequencies of four sound waves are given below. Which of these sound
waves can be used to measure
the depth of sea by the echo method ?
(a) 15,000 Hz (b) 10 kHz (c) 50 kHz (d) 10,000 Hz
80. Which of the following frequency of sound can be generated by a vibrating
simple pendulum as well as by
the vibrating vocal cords of a rhinoceros ?
(a) 5 kHz (b) 25 Hz (c) 10 Hz (d) 15,000 Hz
81. Which of the following device does not work on the multiple reflections of
sound waves ?
(a) stethoscope (b) hydrophone (c) soundboard (d) megaphone

82. What type of waves are generated by SONAR device fixed to a fishing
ship ?
(a) water waves (b) radio waves (c) sound waves (d) infrared waves
83. We can distinguish between the musical sounds produced by different
singers on the basis of the characteristic
of sound called :
(a) frequency (b) timbre (c) pitch (d) loudness
84. At 20°C, the minimum distance of a person from a sound reflecting surface
to hear an echo is :
(a) 12.2 m (b) 17.2 m (c) 15.2 m (d) 34.4 m

Ans:- 69. (a) 70. (b) 71. (b) 72. (c) 73. (c) 74. (a) 75. (c) 76.
(b) 77. (d) 78.(b) 79. (c) 80. (c) 81. (b) 82. (c) 83. (c) 84. (b)
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