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Selenium WebDriver Architecture

Selenium WebDriver Architecture in Selenium 4 consists of client libraries supporting multiple programming languages, the W3C WebDriver Protocol for communication, browser drivers as a bridge to real browsers, and the execution of test scripts. The architecture flow includes writing scripts, sending commands, controlling browsers, and receiving responses. Key differences from Selenium 3 include the transition from JSON Wire Protocol to W3C, improved browser compatibility, and enhanced performance.

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30 views2 pages

Selenium WebDriver Architecture

Selenium WebDriver Architecture in Selenium 4 consists of client libraries supporting multiple programming languages, the W3C WebDriver Protocol for communication, browser drivers as a bridge to real browsers, and the execution of test scripts. The architecture flow includes writing scripts, sending commands, controlling browsers, and receiving responses. Key differences from Selenium 3 include the transition from JSON Wire Protocol to W3C, improved browser compatibility, and enhanced performance.

Uploaded by

sumanyv
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© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Selenium WebDriver Architecture (Selenium 4)

1. Components of Selenium WebDriver Architecture

1.1 Selenium Client Libraries:

- Supports multiple languages: Java, Python, C#, Ruby, JavaScript.

- Used to write automation test scripts.

1.2 JSON Wire Protocol / W3C WebDriver Protocol:

- Selenium 4 uses W3C WebDriver Protocol (replacing JSON Wire Protocol).

- Enables communication between client libraries and browser drivers.

1.3 Browser Drivers:

- Acts as a bridge between Selenium scripts and browsers.

- Examples: chromedriver, geckodriver, msedgedriver, safaridriver.

1.4 Real Browsers:

- The actual browser (e.g., Chrome, Firefox) where tests are executed.

- Controlled by WebDriver to simulate real user actions.

2. Selenium WebDriver Architecture Flow

1. Tester writes test script using Selenium client libraries.

2. Selenium sends commands via W3C protocol as HTTP requests.

3. Browser driver receives these and controls the real browser.

4. Browser executes the action (e.g., open URL, click).

5. Browser sends response to the driver.

6. Driver returns the response to Selenium client.

3. Selenium 3 vs Selenium 4 (Key Architecture Differences)


Selenium WebDriver Architecture (Selenium 4)

Feature | Selenium 3 | Selenium 4

---------------------|-----------------------------------|-----------------------------------

Protocol | JSON Wire Protocol | W3C WebDriver Protocol (native)

Browser Compatibility| Minor issues due to translation | Improved compatibility

Performance | Slightly slower | More stable and faster

4. Text Diagram of Architecture

Test Script (Java/Python/etc)

->

Selenium Client Library

->

W3C Protocol (HTTP Requests)

->

Browser Driver (e.g., ChromeDriver)

->

Real Browser (e.g., Chrome)

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