UG -IV- Sem - Math - (H) - C- 10- (R&B) 2022 Full Marks - 80 Time - 3 Hours. The figures in the right-hand margin indicate marks. Answer ALL questions. Symbols used have their usual meaning. Group -A Is Answer all the questions [1x6=6 Fill in the blanks : (i) Acommutative ring without___ divisor is called an Integral domain. (ii) Theset is called trivial ring. (iii) The set of is a ring under the usual addition & multiplication. (iy) A mapping from the ring R into the ring R’ isa homomorphism if $(a+b)= (a)+6(b) and (ab) =____ where abeR. { Cont...[2] (v) A homomorphism of the ring R into the ring Riis called isomorphism if it is a mapping. (vi) IfR isa ting & Uisan ideal of R then the set ofall the: R cosets of U in R is U which is called a ring. Answer the following statements in one word : [1<6=6 Acommutative ring R where a=a forall a eR. Aring with an identity under multiplication. A non-empty subset U of the ring R where U isa) subgroup of R under addition and-ru, ur € U for ucUandreR. The set Z(i) which is the set of complex numbers of | the formatib, a,b € zand whichis a ring under addition & multiplication of complex numbers. (vy) Anelement'a’ of the ring R where a*=a. (vi) Anintegral domain with un it element.(i) (i) (iii) (iv) wi) - (vii) (viii) [3] Group -B Answer any EIGHT questions : [2x8=16 IfR is aring and ac R then prove that a.0=0=0.a Prove that the additive inverse of each element of a ring R isunique. IfR is a ring and a,b.c,deR then evaluate (at+b)(ct+d) If U is an ideal of R and { < Uthen prove that U=R If R is a ring with unit element. 1 and gis a homomorphism from the ring R into the ring R’ then prove that $(1) is the unit element of R’. If n is an integer and,'a' is an element of a ring then prove that n(-a) = -(na) Ifn isan even integer and a"=a for a = R whereRisa ring then prove that -a =a. Show that the unit ofa ring divides every element of the ring. . oi ab Come(ix) (x) @) (ii) (ili) (iv) ). [4] Show that the set z(i)= {a + ib|a,bezhisa subring of the set of complex numbers. Show that the set M,(z) of 2x2 matrices over integers | have a zero divisor. Answer any EIGHT question. [3x8=24 (a+b)(a-b) for all a,b R ifand only if R is commulative. Let R is a ring, prove that ¢ Suppose that R is.a ring and that a*=a for all a eRe Show that R is Commutative. Suppose that a and b belong to a commutative ring Re If'a' is an unit of R b*>=0. Show that atb is unit ofRuy IfR is a system satisfying all the conditions for a ring with unit element, and with possible exception of atb=b+a for a,b e R, Show that R is ring. Let S is anon-empty subset of the ring R. Then prove that S is a subring of R ifand onlyif g_pe s forall a,b €S and a,b €S forall a,beS.(vii) (viii) (ix) (x) [5] (vi) Prove that the intersection of two subrings ofa ring R is a subring of R, Let Risa ring such that a2 +a ez(R) for all a € R where z(R) is the centre of R. Show that R is commutative. Prove that a finite integral domainisa field. Prove that the intersection of two ideas of the ring R is an ideal of R. a 0] | Let A= {3 a S eT ..Show that R is isomorphic to ring A where R isa ring. Group -C ‘Answer any ONE fromeach questions : Let Z| V2 ]={a+bv2\a,bez} -Then prove that z[v2 is a ring under binary addition and multiplication of real numbers, (7 Nazca pn ge6. (a) (b) [6] OR Show that the set mz = {nm |me zh isaring with usual addition and multiplication. If dis a homomorphism from the ring R into the ring R’, then prove that (i) = (0) =0 Gi) (-a) = —b(a) (iii) o(a-b)= (a) —$(b) for a,beR- (7 OR Let 6 is ating hon ;omorphism from the commutative ring Rontoa commutativering S andA isan ideal ofS. If A is prime in S then prove that o! (A)={xlxe R,O(x) € A} is prime in R. [fA is maximal in S then prove that 6! (A)is maximal inR. | Prove that R(x) whichis the set of all polynomials isa commutative ring, where Ris aring. (7 OR{7] State and prove the Division Algorithm. g, In a principal ideal domain prove that an element is prime if and only if it is irreducible. (7 OR Show that the ring Z is a Euclidean domain where Z is the set of integers. @ Sv -60 | } 1