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Formula syntax & functions

IN THIS ARTICLE

Notion formulas can operate on various properties and functions. Here,

you'll find a list of them
CONTENTS

Properties

Built-ins

Functions

Looking for Notion formula basics? Check out this article →

If you have a formula that doesn't seem to work, learn about common formula
errors and how to troubleshoot them in this article →

Notion formulas can operate using various properties and functions. Here, you'll find a list of
them!

Properties
Formulas support almost all property types. Note that formula types are different from
property types.

Property Types Examples Formula Type

prop("Title")
Title Text
prop("Title").length()

prop("Text")
Text Text
prop("Text").length()

Select prop("Priority") == "High" Text

prop("Tags").length()
Multi-Select prop("Tags").includes("Financ Text (list)
e")

prop("Checkbox")
Checkbox Boolean
not prop("Checkbox")

!empty(prop("Phone"))
Email, URL, !empty(prop("Email"))
Text
Phone Number link("Call", "tel:" +
prop("Phone"))

prop("Task ID").split("-
").first() ← Prefix
Unique ID Text
prop("Task ID").split("-
").last() ← ID

Created By, prop("Created By").name()

Person
Edited By prop("Created By").email()

prop("Person")
prop("Person").at(0).name()
Person Person (list)
prop("Person").map(current.e
mail())

Date,
prop("Due Date") > now()
Created Time,
dateBetween(prop("Birthday" Date
Last Edited
), now(), "days")
Time

prop("Number") / 2
Number Number
pi() * prop("Radius") ^ 2

prop("Tasks").length()
Relation prop("Tasks").filter(current.pr Page (list)
op("Status"W !XX "Done")

prop("Purchases").length() Number, date, or list of any type.

Rollup
prop("Average cost") * 12 Depends on rollup configuration.

Built-ins
Built-ins are specific symbols and values that are built into the language to help designate a
calculation.

Built-in Example

Math operators: 2 * pi()

+ , - , * , % "hello" + "world"

Boolean values: true

true , false false

Comparison operators: 123 XX 123 = true

== , > , >= , < , <= "Notion" == "Motion" = false

and:
true and false
true && false
and(true, false)
or:
Logical operators:
true or false
and , or , not
true || false
or(true, false)
not:
not true
!true

Ternary operator:
X ? Y b Z is equivalent to if(X, Y, ZW
?b

Functions
Notion formulas support the following functions.

Name Description Example

if(true, 1, 2W =
1
if(false, 1, 2W =
Returns the first value if the condition is true; 2
if
otherwise, returns the second value. prop("Checked")
== true ?
"Complete" :
"Incomplete"

ifs(true, 1, true,
Returns the value that corresponds to the first
2, 3W = 1
ifs true condition. This can be used as an alternative
ifs(false, 1, false,
to multiple nested if() statements.
2, 3W = 3

empty(0) =
Returns true if the value is empty. 0, “”, and [] are true
empty
considered empty. empty([]) =
true

length("hello") =
5
length Returns the length of the text or list value.
length([1, 2, 3iW
= 3

substring("Notio
Returns the substring of the text from the start n", 0, 3W =
substring index (inclusive) to the end index (optional and "Not"
exclusive). substring("Notio
n", 3W = "ion"

Returns true if the search string is present in the contains("Notion

contains
value. ", "ot") = true

test("Notion",
Returns true if the value matches the regular "Not") = true
test
expression and false otherwise. test("Notion",
"\\d") = false

match("Notion
Notion", "Not") =
["Not", "Not"]
Returns all matches of the regular expression as
match match("Notion
a list.
123 Notion 456",
"\\d+") =
["123", "456"]

replace("Notion
Replaces the first match of the regular expression Notion", "N", "M")
replace
with the replacement value. = "Motion
Notion"

replaceAll("Notio
n Notion", "N",
"M") = "Motion
Replaces all matches of the regular expression
replaceAll Motion"
with the replacement value.
replaceAll("Notio
n 123", "\\d", "")
= "Notion"

lower("NOTION")
lower Converts the text to lowercase.
= "notion"

upper("notion")
upper Converts the text to uppercase.
= "NOTION"

repeat("0", 4W =
"0000"
repeat("~=", 10W
repeat Repeats the text a given number of times.
=
"~=~=~=~=~=~=
~=~=~=~="

link("Notion",
Creates a hyperlink from the label text and the
link "https://notion.so
URL.
") = "Notion"

Adds styles and colors to the text. Valid style("Notion",

formatting styles: "b" (bold), "u" (underline), "b", "u") =
"i" (italics), "c" (code), or "s" (strikethrough). " Notion "
style Valid colors: "gray" , "brown" , "orange" , style("Notion",
"yellow" , "green" , "blue" , "purple" , "pink" , and "blue",
"red" . Add "_background" to colors to set "gray_backgroun
background colors. d")

unstyle("Text")
Removes formatting styles from the text. If no
unstyle unstyle("Text",
styles are specified, all styles are removed.
"b")

format(1234) =
"1234"
format Returns the value formatted as text. format(now()) =
"August 30,
2023 17b55"

add(5, 10W =
add Returns the sum of two numbers. 15
5 p 10 = 15

subtract(5, 10W =
subtract Returns the difference of two numbers. q5
5 q 10 = q5

multiply(5, 10W =
multiply Returns the product of two numbers. 50
5 r 10 = 50

Returns the first number modulo the second mod(5, 10W = 5

mod
number. 5 % 10 = 5

pow(5, 10W =
Returns the result of a base number raised to an 9765625
pow
exponent power. 5 ^ 10 =
9765625

divide(5, 10W =
divide Returns the quotient of two numbers. 0.5
5 / 10 = 0.5

min(1, 2, 3W = 1
min Returns the smallest number of the arguments. min([1, 2, 3iW =
1

max(1, 2, 3W =
3
max Returns the largest number of the arguments.
max([1, 2, 3iW =
3

sum(1, 2, 3W =
6
sum Returns the sum of its arguments.
sum([1, 2, 3i, 4,
5W = 15

median(1, 2, 4W X
2
median Returns the middle value of its arguments.
median([1, 2, 3i,
4W X 2.5

mean(1, 2, 3W X 2
mean Returns the arithmetic average of its arguments. mean([1, 2, 3i, 4,
5W X 3

abs(10) = 10
abs Returns the absolute value of the number.
abs(-10) = 10

round(0.4) = 0
round(-0.6) =
Returns the value of a number rounded to the q1
nearest integer. Supports one or two arguments. round(1.234, 0W
round In the two-argument case, the first represents = 1
the value and the second represents the number round(1.234, 2W
of decimal places to round to. = 1.23
round(1234, q2W
= 1200

Returns the smallest integer greater than or equal ceil(0.4) = 1

ceil
to the number. ceil(-0.6) = 0

Returns the largest integer less than or equal to floor(0.4) = 0

floor
the number. floor(-0.6) = q1

sqrt(4) = 2
sqrt(7) =
sqrt Returns the positive square root of the number.
2.645751311064
5907

cbrt(9) =
2.080083823051
cbrt Returns the cube root of the number.
904
cbrt(64) = 4

exp(1) =
2.718281828459
Returns e^x, where x is the argument, and e is
045
exp Euler's number \2.718…), the base of the natural
exp(-1) =
logarithm.
0.3678794411714
4233

ln(2.7182818284
59045W = 1
ln Returns the natural logarithm of the number. ln(10) =
2.302585092994
046

log10v10W = 1
log10 Returns the base 10 logarithm of the number. log10v100000W =
5

log2v4W = 2
log2 Returns the base 2 logarithm of the number. log2v1024W =
10

Returns 1 if the number is positive, b1 if it is sign(-10) = q1

sign
negative, and 0 if it is zero. sign(10) = 1

pi() =
Returns the ratio of a circle's circumference to its
pi 3.141592653589
diameter.
793

e() =
e Returns the base of the natural logarithm. 2.718281828459
045

toNumber("2") =
2
toNumber(now()
) =
toNumber Parses a number from text.
169344330000
0
toNumber(true)
= 1

now() =
now Returns the current date and time. wAugust 30,
2023 5b55 PM

today() = wApril
today Returns the current date without the time.
19, 2024

minute(parseDat
e("2023q07q
minute Returns the minute of the date \0b59f.
10T17b35Z")) =
35

hour(parseDate(
"2023q07q
hour Returns the hour of the date \0b23f.
10T17b35Z")) =
17

day(parseDate("
Returns the day of the week of the date, between 2023q07q
day
1 \Monday) and 7 \Sunday). 10T17b35Z")) =
1

date(parseDate(
Returns the day of the month from the date \1b "2023q07q
date
31f. 10T17b35Z")) =
10

week(parseDate
Returns the ISO week of the year of the date \1b
week ("2023q01q02"))
53f.
= 1

month(parseDat
e("2023q07q
month Returns the month of the date \1b12f.
10T17b35Z")) =
7

year(now()) =
year Returns the year of the date.
2023

dateAdd(now(),
1, "days") =
wAugust 31,
2023 5b55 PM
dateAdd(now(),
Adds time to the date. The unit argument can be 2, "months") =
dateAdd one of: "years" , "quarters" , "months" , "weeks" , wOctober 30,
"days" , "hours" , or "minutes" . 2023 5b55
PM
dateAdd(now(),
3, "years") =
wAugust 30,
2026 5b55 PM

dateSubtract(no
w(), 1, "days") =
wAugust 29,
2023 5b55 PM
dateSubtract(no
Subtracts time from the date. The unit argument
w(), 2, "months")
dateSubtract can be one of: "years" , "quarters" , "months" ,
= wJune 30,
"weeks" , "days" , "hours" , or "minutes" .
2023 5b55 PM
dateSubtract(no
w(), 3, "years")
= wAugust 30,
2020 5b55 PM

dateBetween(no
w(),
parseDate("202
Returns the difference between two dates. The
2q09q07"),
unit argument can be one of: "years" , "quarters" ,
dateBetween "days") = 357
"months" , "weeks" , "days" , "hours" , or
dateBetween(pa
"minutes" .
rseDate("2030q
01q01"), now(),
"years") = 6

dateRange(prop(
"Start Date"),
prop("End
Returns a date range constructed from the start Date")) =
dateRange
and end dates. wSeptember 7,
2022 →
September 7,
2023

dateStart(prop("
Date Range")) =
wSeptember 7,
2022
dateBetween(da
dateStart Returns the start of the date range.
teStart(prop("Da
te Range")),
dateEnd(prop("D
ate Range")),
"days") = q365

dateEnd(prop("D
ate range")) =
wSeptember 7,
2023
dateBetween(da
dateEnd Returns the end of the date range.
teEnd(prop("Dat
e Range")),
dateStart(prop("
Date Range")),
"days") = 365

timestamp(now()
Returns the current Unix timestamp, representing
) =
timestamp the number of milliseconds that have elapsed
169344330000
since January 1, 1970.
0

Returns the date from the given Unix timestamp.

fromTimestamp(1
The timestamp represents the number of
689024900000W
fromTimestamp milliseconds that have elapsed since January 1,
= wJuly 10,
1970. Note: the returned date will not retain the
2023 2b35 PM
seconds & milliseconds.

formatDate(now
(), "MMMM D,
Y") = "August
Formats the date using a custom format string. 30, 2023"
The format string can contain the following text formatDate(now
formatDate to represent parts of the date: "YYYY" for year, (),
"MM" for month, "DD" for day, "h" for hour, "MM/DD/YYYY")
"mm" for minute. = "08/30/2023"
formatDate(now
(), "h:mm A") =
"17b55 PM"

parseDate("202
2q01q01") =
wJanuary 1,
2022
Returns the date parsed according to the ISO
parseDate parseDate("202
8601 standard.
2q01q
01T00b00Z") =
wDecember 31,
2021 4b00 PM

name(prop("Cre
ated By"))
prop("Pioneers")
name Returns the name of a person. .map(name(curr
ent)).join(", ") =
"Grace Hopper,
Ada Lovelace"

email(prop("Cre
ated By"))
email Returns the email address of a person. prop("People").
map(email(curre
nt)).join(", ")

at([1, 2, 3i, 1W =
at Returns the value at the specified index in a list.
2

first([1, 2, 3iW =
first Returns the first item in the list.
1

last([1, 2, 3iW =
last Returns the last item in the list.
3

slice([1, 2, 3i, 1,
Returns the items of the list from the provided 2W = {2i
slice start index (inclusive) to the end index (optional slice(["a", "b",
and exclusive). "c"], 1W = ["b",
"c"]

concat([1, 2i, {3,

4iW = {1, 2, 3,
4i
concat Returns the concatenation of multiple lists.
concat(["a", "b"],
["c", "d"]) =
["a", "b", "c", "d"]

sort([3, 1, 2iW =
sort Returns the list in sorted order.
{1, 2, 3i

reverse(["green",
"eggs", "ham"])
reverse Returns the reversed list.
= ["ham", "eggs",
"green"]

join(["a", "b",
"c"], ", ") = "a,
Returns the values of the list with the joiner b, c"
join
placed between each of the values. join(["dog",
"go"], "") =
"doggo"

split("apple,pear,
Returns the list of values created by splitting a orange", ",") =
split
text input by a separator. ["apple", "pear",
"orange"]

unique([1, 1, 2iW
unique Returns the list of unique values in the input list.
= {1, 2i

includes(["a",
"b", "c"], "b") =
Returns true if the list contains the specified
includes true
value, and false otherwise.
includes([1, 2,
3i, 4W = false

find(["a", "b",
"c"], current ==
Returns the first item in the list for which the "b") = "b"
find
condition evaluates to true. find([1, 2, 3i,
current | 100W =
Empty
 findIndex(["a",
"b", "c"], current
Returns the index of the first item in the list for == "b") = 1
findIndex
which the condition is true. findIndex([1, 2,
3i, current >
100W = q1

filter([1, 2, 3i,
current | 1W =
Returns the values in the list for which the {2, 3i
filter
condition is true. filter(["a", "b",
"c"], current ==
"a") = ["a"]

some([1, 2, 3i,
current XX 2W =
true
Returns true if any item in the list satisfies the
some some(["a", "b",
given condition, and false otherwise.
"c"],
current.length >
2W = false

every([1, 2, 3i,
current | 0W =
Returns true if every item in the list satisfies the true
every
given condition, and false otherwise. every(["a", "b",
"c"], current ==
"b") = false

map([1, 2, 3i,
current p 1W =
Returns the list populated with the results of
{2, 3, 4i
map calling the expression on every item in the input
map([1, 2, 3i,
list.
current + index)
= {1, 3, 5i

flat([1, 2, 3iW =
{1, 2, 3i
flat Flattens a list of lists into a single list. flat([[1, 2i, {3,
4iiW = {1, 2, 3,
4i

id()
Returns the id of the page. If no page is provided,
id id(prop("Relation"
returns the id of the page the formula is on.
).first())

equal(1, 1) =
Returns true if both values are equal and false true
equal
otherwise. "a" == "b" =
false

unequal(1, 2) =
Returns false if both values are equal and true true
unequal
otherwise. "a" !X "a" =
false

let(person,
"Alan", "Hello, " +
person + "!") =
Assigns a value to a variable and evaluates the "Hello, Alan!"
let
expression using that variable. let(radius, 4,
round(pi() *
radius ^ 2WW =
50

lets(a, "Hello", b,
"world", a + " " +
b) = "Hello
Assigns values to multiple variables and world"
lets
evaluates the expression using those variables. lets(base, 3,
height, 8, base *
height / 2W =
12

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