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Network Infrastructure Development in Serang District
John Chaidir
Haerofiatna Haerofiatna
Universitas Primagraha
johnchaidir@primagraha.ac.id
https://doi.org/10.37745/ijmt.2013/vol101119 Published June, l 2, 2023
Citation: Chaidir J. and Haerofiatna H. (2023) Network Infrastructure Development in Serang District,
International Journal of Management Technology, Vol.10, No 1, pp.11-19
ABSTRACT: This study examines the development of network infrastructure in electronic-
based government in Serang District by examining empirically the design of this infrastructure
development. The data collection technique used is Library Research on secondary data.
Literature study was conducted to obtain secondary data in examining in depth the object of
study. Data analysis was carried out using the content analysis approach. The results of the
study show that the Office of Communication, Informatics, Encryption and Statistics of Serang
Regency must be ready to respond to any technological developments to strengthen the position
of the Regional Government of Serang Regency. Based on the results of the study it can be
concluded that the Information Technology Network Infrastructure Planning can be a
direction, a guide in developing information technology in Serang Regency government
agencies. This blueprint serves as a guide for unit/Regional Apparatus/Agency leaders in
implementing and making the best use of information technology which will have an impact on
increasing productivity and quality of service to the community.
KEYWORDS: infrastructure, internet connection, development, clean governance
INTRODUCTION
The awareness and ability of the Indonesian people regarding the use of Information and
Communication Technology in various aspects of life has grown and developed, although not
evenly distributed. Currently, this condition raises higher demands on aspects of speed,
convenience, accuracy, and transparency in various public services. The government needs to
respond properly to this demand, of course through the effective use of Information and
Communication Technology in the implementation of various government activities. In
general, a government structure characterized by the use of Information and Communication
Technology is called electronic government or e-Government. In 2008, the government issued
two laws related to information management, namely Law no. 11/2008 concerning Information
and Electronic Transactions (UU ITE) and Law no. 14/2008 concerning Public Information
Disclosure (UU KIP). The presence of laws and regulations on electronic information and
transactions as well as management of public information indicates that the level of dynamics
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in the processing and utilization of information among the public, particularly electronic
information, is quite high.
This condition must be anticipated with high readiness from the government's side, through
various efforts to improve and regulate related to the use of Information and Communication
Technology within the government itself. In the context above, the e-Government program is
relevant. Since 2003, e-Government has become a program of the Indonesian government, in
line with the issuance of Presidential Instruction number 3 of 2003 which regulates national
policies and strategies for the development of e-Government. After the issuance of the
regulation through the Presidential Instruction regarding e-Government, its realization in
various government institutions, both at the central and regional levels, is still low. The main
problem is the inability of government institutions to implement Information and
Communication Technology in an appropriate and effective manner to support their duties and
functions. Information and Communication Technology development programs in government
institutions are often not in line with the goals and objectives of governance, do not have a
clear focus, and are not sustainable. These problems arise due to the lack of good planning of
Information and Communication Technology implementation programs.
Information and Communication Technology development planning becomes very important
when the role of Information and Communication Technology is considered vital in
governance. Information and Communication Technology is no longer seen as just a tool, but
has turned into a strategic enabler for government programs, both internal and external.
Information and Communication Technology must be able to encourage the achievement of
the goals and objectives of government programs, build public services of prime quality, and
improve the quality of communication and coordination regarding programs and resources
within government agencies themselves. One of the requirements for the function as an enabler
to be fulfilled is that the use of Information and Communication Technology must be aligned
with the government environment.
Information and Communication Technology and bureaucratic systems and processes must go
hand in hand and support each other. Conditions like this are clearly impossible to achieve
without careful planning. Information and Communication Technology planning must also be
carried out in a comprehensive manner, meaning that it does not only talk about Information
and Communication Technology components such as computers, local networks and
application software, but also other related matters such as Human Resources support, policies
and standard procedures, as well as governance of the use of Information and Communication
Technology itself. Planning also needs to be done within a fairly long time frame. This is to
ensure the continuity and sustainability of the programs to be implemented.
The Serang Regency Government has now started an e-Government development initiative.
The development of e-Government in Serang Regency practically has to start from the initial
stage. Serang Regency does not yet have Information and Communication Technology
infrastructure and application systems, as well as aspects of Human Resources and Information
and Communication Technology institutions still need to be improved. Even though it may be
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a bit behind from other regions that started earlier, starting from a really early condition also
has the advantage, namely the freedom to determine direction, strategy, and technical choices.
This advantage is what we want to take advantage of, namely by carrying out e-Government
development in a top down, comprehensive and sustainable manner (Nurdiyani 2022).
In supporting the implementation of the Serang Regency government which will be centered
in the central area of the Serang Regency government, it is necessary to have an Information
and Communication Technology infrastructure planning document that will be built in the
center of the Serang Regency government area. Building Information and Communication
Technology infrastructure in the form of a network infrastructure development plan that will
become the basis for the construction of fiber optic networks and wireless networks in the
Serang Regency government with a command center as the central point of the
telecommunication network, data center point, control center point and policies in a Serang
Regency government , (Princess, 2022).
The purpose of network infrastructure planning in the Serang Regency government is to include
planning for the construction of a fiber optic network through the underground which is the
backbone network between Regional Apparatus Organization buildings located in the central
area of the Serang Regency government and planning needs and building wireless networks in
each building of the Regional Apparatus Organization. Region, (Rosalina, 2018).
Network infrastructure planning framework, ensuring the implementation of the construction
and development of the national Electronic-Based Government System (SPBE) infrastructure
which is carried out in a shared and efficient way, connected to the SPBE infrastructure of
Central Agencies and Regional Governments, taking into account the factors of centralized
computing and data centers; large capacity for compute and storage. use of virtualization
technology; optimal utilization of information and communication technology assets
(hardware/software); centralized control and operational collaboration; support regarding
diverse network media; Central Agencies and Regional Governments as users; and
infrastructure frameworks and government applications.
Network infrastructure is the foundation or framework that supports a system or organization.
In computing, information technology infrastructure consists of physical and virtual resources
that support the flow, storage, processing and analysis of data. Information technology network
infrastructure may be centralized in a data center, or it may be decentralized and spread over
several data centers controlled by Regional Government Organizations or by third parties, such
as colocation facilities or cloud providers. Information Technology Network Infrastructure
Components often include power, cooling and building elements needed to support data center
hardware, (Mangkin, 2021).
Data center infrastructure also requires careful consideration of information technology
security infrastructure. This can include physical security for buildings, such as electronic key
entry, constant video and human surveillance of premises, carefully controlled access to servers
and storage rooms, and so on. This ensures only authorized personnel can access the data center
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hardware infrastructure and reduces the potential for malicious damage or data theft. Outside
the data center is the internet infrastructure.
METHOD
This network infrastructure development research uses two different approaches in
comprehensively examining aspects of regulatory legitimacy, namely normative legal research
and empirical research. Normative legal research is mainly used to examine aspects of
philosophical and juridical legitimacy through two stages. First, carry out an inventory of
various laws and regulations that have relevance to regional regulations regarding peace and
public order, (Manan, 2019). Second, the statutory regulations that have been inventoried will
then be analyzed by relying on two aspects, namely the philosophical aspect and the juridical
aspect. An analysis of the philosophical aspects is carried out on the content of laws and
regulations, (Supranto, 2018). The study of the juridical aspect is carried out on the norms of
laws and regulations that provide the basis for regional authority as well as those that determine
the regulatory substance that must be accommodated in the preparation of a Regional
Regulation on the Implementation of an Electronic-Based Government System. While
empirical studies are used to describe aspects of sociological legitimacy. The empirical studies
are carried out through team studies and Focus Group Discussions on studies related to the
vision and mission; goals and objectives of network infrastructure in the implementation of
governance in Serang District.
The data collection technique used is Library Research on secondary data. A literature study
was conducted to obtain secondary legal material by conducting a review of books related to
the object of preparation (Narbuko et. al., 2017). Primary data was obtained through field
studies (field research), namely by conducting interviews and Focus Group Discussions (FGD).
An interview is a conversation with a specific purpose carried out by two parties, namely the
interviewer (interviewer) who asks questions and the interviewee (interviewee) who provides
answers to the questions. while FGDs are also commonly referred to as qualitative data
collection methods and techniques by conducting group interviews, (Maleong, 2017). FGD can
be defined as a method and technique in collecting qualitative data in which a group of people
discuss a focus on a particular problem or topic guided by a facilitator or moderator.
Data analysis used is qualitative analysis. Qualitative analysis is a way of analyzing data
sourced from law based on concepts, theories, laws and regulations, doctrines, legal principles,
expert opinions or the views of the researchers themselves. Sources of data in network
infrastructure research in the implementation of government in Serang Regency, contain
primary materials, secondary legal materials, and tertiary legal materials, (Soekamto, 2018).
FINDINGS AND DISCUSSION
This network infrastructure planning document is a dynamic and flexible document, therefore
this document must always be reviewed and harmonized so that it can keep abreast of the rapid
developments in Information and Communication Technology and be able to adapt to the
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changes that occur in each Serang Regency Regional Apparatus Organization. In supporting
the implementation of an Electronic-Based Government System in Serang Regency which will
be centered in the Serang Regency government area, an infrastructure planning document is
needed that will be built in the center of the Serang Regency government area.
The development of the Serang Regency government is quite rapid so that it requires adequate
information technology infrastructure support, as a result of several frequent user complaints.
The results of the brief assessment obtained indications of the causes of the lack of reliability
of this ICT infrastructure, including inadequate data communication network backbones (Fiber
optics had not yet reached all important points plus less than ideal network topology), network
devices of various types and classes, infrastructure management had not been integrated, and
infrastructure management governance is not yet in place). The development of a reliable and
safe Serang Regency ICT infrastructure will make a major contribution to the development of
the city as a whole.
Figure 1. The Concept of ICT Development
In an effort to maximize the service needs of the Internet network in Serang Regency, the need
for network infrastructure requires a safe, reliable and effective solution. The increasing
number of Internet users will affect Internet speed, so it is necessary to increase bandwidth
when Internet speed starts to slow down. The addition of bandwidth is later expected to
improve the quality of communication between employees and the community, improve
employee performance, and facilitate the flow of data exchange and public service information
in the Serang Regency government.
Based on the standard for internet access capacity and additional bandwidth will be carried out
in stages according to conditions and needs at that time. Currently the amount of bandwidth
available is only and it is projected that in the following year the Serang Regency government
internet will use bandwidth subscriptions with additional IP transit by purchasing bandwidth.
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Figure 2. The Expand of the Bandwidth
Splitting the internet network in Serang Regency needs to be done to reduce the risk due to
network failure at a point that can cause the entire network on the part it goes through to die,
then the main internet network needs to be broken down into several parts according to the
topology of the building in each Regional Device and Serang District government units.
Network splitting is also very helpful in terms of sharing internet bandwidth quota so that at
any time when a section/work unit requires a strong increase in internet network performance,
it will be easy to do this without having to cut off the network on other lines. Network
strengthening is also needed as part of solving the internet network in an effort to respond to
the development of information technology services for the process of improving excellent
public services to the community.
Figure 3. Backbone Alternative Schema
The expansion of hotspots in public service areas is carried out to provide convenience for
employees and the people of Serang Regency to be able to access the internet within the hotspot
range, by using PCs, laptops, note books or other devices with WiFi (Wireless Fidelity)
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features, then the expansion of hotspots becomes a must. The distribution of hotspots must be
reachable within the scope of public spaces where the public as clients can connect to the
internet wirelessly (wireless or wirelessly) from PCs, laptops, note books or gadgets such as
mobile phones within a radius range of the frequency or signal strength.
With a wide coverage of hotspot areas, all users, both employees and the general public, can
connect to the internet, such as browsing, sending email, chatting, downloading the Disaster
Recovery Plan (DRP). Information and Communication Technology (ICT) and ensure the
continuity of information system services. A Disaster Recovery Plan is the stages of activities
that will be carried out to protect the system (business processes) in the event of a disaster that
can cause damage to the system, starting from prevention, preparedness, response to disasters
to post-disaster recovery. Disasters that occur are not only caused by nature, but can also be
caused by humans.
Disasters can happen at any time and we cannot predict when they will happen. The
consequences will be greater for those who do not prepare themselves for the possibility of
disaster. For this reason, a Disaster Recovery Plan (DRP) is absolutely necessary in the context
of preventing and recovering all important assets, human resources (workers or employees),
jobs, important data, and existing facilities.
Figure 4. Fiber Optic Internet Connection
The Network Infrastructure Planning Document at the Serang Regency Government Center
was prepared as a reference in the development and implementation of an Electronic-Based
Government System in the Serang Regency area for the next five years (2023-2028). In its
preparation, a mapping of the initial conditions of the network infrastructure was carried out
which described the implementation of an Electronic-Based Government System or e-
Government in the Serang Regency government which was implemented in the Regional
Apparatus Organization (OPD) of Serang Regency and collected various complaints and
expectations which ultimately led to the ideal condition of a Government-Based System.
Electronics that should be developed and implemented in Serang Regency for the next five
years.
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Network Infrastructure Planning at the Central Government of Serang Regency in the context
of developing and implementing an Electronic-Based Governance System is aligned with the
vision, mission, and policy direction of the Serang Regency government as stated in the
Regional Medium Term Development Plan (RPJMD) of Serang Regency. The current use of
Information Technology in the Serang Regency Government has not run optimally, both in
terms of the government's internal needs and for the community. This is due to the lack of
quality and quantity of available Information Technology infrastructure due to the
unavailability of supporting documents for Information Technology infrastructure planning,
particularly in terms of networks.
CONCLUSION
The Office of Communication, Informatics, Encryption and Statistics of Serang Regency must
be ready to respond to any technological developments to strengthen the position of the
Regional Government of Serang Regency to become an agency that is capable of managing
quality information technology resources, so that it can be of benefit to local, national and even
global communities, as well as participate play an active role in driving the wheels of the
economy and nation-building, and produce works that are capable of driving the improvement
of the nation's excellence. It is our great hope that with this Information Technology Network
Infrastructure Planning it can be a direction, a guide in developing information technology in
Serang Regency government agencies. With the information technology network infrastructure
development plan, it will become part of the recommendations, both short term, medium term
and long term. So that what Serang Regency aspires to be more advanced can be realized
properly. In addition, it is hoped that this blueprint can help provide guidance for the leadership
of units/regional apparatus/agencies in implementing and making the best use of information
technology which will have an impact on increasing productivity and quality of service to the
community.
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