average problems

Muhammad Jawad
Abid
 AVERAGE
Definition
The average is defined as the mean value which is equal to the
ratio of the sum of the number of a given set of values to the total
number of values present in the set.

Average Formulas:
Average = (Sum of values)/(Total number of values)
Average of first n natural numbers = (n+1)/2
Average of first n even numbers = n+1
Average of first n odd numbers = n
Average Questions and Solutions

Find the average of the following set of numbers. 65, 85,

70, 90, and 105.
Given, the set of numbers is 65, 85, 70, 90, and 105.
Average = Sum of numbers/total numbers
Average = (65+85+70+90+105)/5
= 415/5
= 83

The sum of 10 numbers is 550. Find their average number.

Given, the sum of 10 numbers is 550.
Average = Sum/Total numbers
= 550/10
= 55

What is the average of natural numbers from 1 to 67?

Given, natural numbers 1 to 67.

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Average of n natural numbers = (n+1)/2
Here, n = 67
Average = (67+1)/2 = 68/2 = 34

The average of 7 consecutive numbers is 20. What is the

largest of these numbers?
Let the 7 consecutive numbers be x, x + 1, x + 2, x + 3, x + 4, x
+ 5 and x + 6,
As per the given condition;
[x + (x + 1) + (x + 2) + (x + 3) + (x + 4) + (x + 5) + (x + 6)] / 7

⇒ 7x + 21 = 140
= 20

⇒ 7x = 119
⇒ x =17
The largest number = x + 6 = 23.

The average of 10 numbers is 23. If each number is

increased by 4, what will the new average be?
Given,
Average of 10 numbers = 23
Sum/Total numbers = 23
Sum/10 = 23
Sum of the 10 numbers = 230
If each number is increased by 4, the total increase = 4 x 10 = 40
New sum = 230 + 40 = 270
Therefore, the new average = 270/10 = 27

The average of 50 numbers is 20. If two numbers 37 and

43 are discarded, find the average of the remaining
numbers.
Given,
Average of 50 numbers = 20
Sum of 50 numbers = 20 x 50 = 1000
Sum of discarded numbers = 37 + 43 = 80

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Sum of remaining numbers = 1000 – 80 = 920
Now, total remaining numbers = 50 – 2 = 48
Average of remaining numbers = 920/48 = 19.17

What is the average of the first six multiples of 4?

First six multiples of 4 is 4, 8, 12, 16, 20, 24
Average = (4+8+12+16+20+24)/6
= 84/6
= 14

The average age of three boys is 15 years and their ages

are in proportion 3:5:7. What is the age in years of the
youngest boy?
Let the age of the youngest boy be x.
As per the question;
(3x+5x+7x)/3 = 15
3x+5x+7x = 45
15x = 45
x = 45/15
x=3
Age of the youngest boy is: 3x = 3(3) = 9 years

The average weight of a group of seven boys is 56 kg. The

individual weights (in kg) of six of them are 52, 57, 55, 60,
59 and 55. Find the weight of the seventh boy.
Average weight of 7 boys = 56 kg.
Total weight of 7 boys = (56 × 7) kg = 392 kg.
Total weight of 6 boys = (52 + 57 + 55 + 60 + 59 + 55) kg
= 338 kg.
Weight of the 7th boy = (total weight of 7 boys) – (total weight of
6 boys)
= (392 – 338) kg
= 54 kg.
Therefore, the weight of the seventh boy is 54 kg.

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The mean of 25 numbers is 36. If the mean of the first
numbers is 32 and that of the last 13 numbers is 39, find
the 13th number.
Mean of the first 13 numbers = 32
Sum of the first 13 numbers = (32 × 13) = 416
Mean of the last 13 numbers = 39
Sum of the last 13 numbers = (39 × 13) = 507
Mean of 25 numbers = 36
Sum of all the 25 numbers = (36 × 25) = 900
Therefore, the 13th observation = (416 + 507 – 900) = 23
Hence, the 13th observation is 23

A batsman makes a score of 87 runs in the 17th inning and

thus increases his average by 3. Find his average after
17th inning?
Let the average after 7th inning = x
Then average after 16th inning = x - 3
16(x-3)+87 = 17x
x = 87 - 48 = 39

The average of runs of a cricket player of 10 innings was

32. How many runs must he make in his next innings so as
to increase his average of runs by 4 ?
Average = total runs / no.of innings = 32
So, total = Average x no.of innings = 32 x 10 = 320.
Now increase in avg = 4runs. So, new avg = 32+4 = 36runs
Total runs = new avg x new no. of innings = 36 x 11 = 396
Runs made in the 11th inning = 396 - 320 = 76

A grocer has a sale of Rs 6435, Rs. 6927, Rs. 6855, Rs.

7230 and Rs. 6562 for 5 consecutive months. How much
sale must he have in the sixth month so that he gets an
average sale of Rs, 6500 ?

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Total sale for 5 months = Rs. (6435 + 6927 + 6855 + 7230 +
6562) = Rs. 34009.
Required sale = Rs.[(6500 x 6) - 34009]
= Rs. (39000 - 34009)
= Rs. 4991.

The average weight of a class of 24 students is 35 kg. If

the weight of the teacher be included, the average rises
by 400 g. The weight of the teacher is :
Weight of the teacher = (35.4 x 25 - 35 x 24) kg = 45 kg.

The average of 7 consecutive numbers is 20. The largest

of these numbers is :
Let the numbers be x, x + 1, x + 2, x + 3, x + 4, x + 5 and x + 6,
Then (x + (x + 1) + (x + 2) + (x + 3) + (x + 4) + (x + 5) + (x +
6)) / 7 = 20.
or 7x + 21 = 140 or 7x = 119 or x =17.
Latest number = x + 6 = 23.

The average weight of 8 persons increases by 2.5 kg when

a new person comes in place of one of them weighing 65
kg. What might be the weight of the new person ?
Total weight increased = (8 x 2.5) kg = 20 kg.
Weight of new person = (65 + 20) kg = 85 kg.

The average of five consecutive odd numbers is 61. What

is the difference between the highest and lowest
numbers :
Let the numbers be x, x + 2, x + 4, x + 6 and x + 8.
Then [x + (x + 2) + (x + 4) + (x + 6) + (x + 8) ] / 5 = 61.
or 5x + 20 = 305 or x = 57.
So, required difference = (57 + 8) - 57 = 8

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A pupil's marks were wrongly entered as 83 instead of 63.
Due to that the average marks for the class got increased
by half. The number of pupils in the class is :
Let there be x pupils in the class.
Total increase in marks = (x * 1/2) = x/2.
x/2 = (83 - 63) => x/2 = 20 => x = 40.

The mean of 50 observations was 36. It was found later

that an observation 48 was wrongly taken as 23. The
corrected new mean is :
Correct Sum = (36 * 50 + 48 - 23) = 1825.
Correct mean = = 1825/50 = 36.5

After replacing an old member by a new member, it was

found that the average age of five members of a club is
the same as it was 3 years ago. What is the difference
between the ages of the replaced and the new member ?
i) Let the ages of the five members at present be a, b, c, d & e
years.
And the age of the new member be f years.
ii) So the new average of five members' age = (a + b + c + d +
f)/5 ------- (1)
iii) Their corresponding ages 3 years ago = (a-3), (b-3), (c-3), (d-3)
& (e-3) years
So their average age 3 years ago = (a + b + c + d + e - 15)/5 = x
----- (2)
==> a + b + c + d + e = 5x + 15
==> a + b + c + d = 5x + 15 - e ------ (3)
iv) Substituting this value of a + b + c + d = 5x + 15 - e in (1)
above,
The new average is: (5x + 15 - e + f)/5
Equating this to the average age of x years, 3 yrs, ago as in (2)
above,
(5x + 15 - e + f)/5 = x

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==> (5x + 15 - e + f) = 5x
Solving e - f = 15 years.
Thus the difference of ages between replaced and new member =
15 years.

The average of 11 numbers is 10.9. If the average of the

first six numbers is 10.5 and that of the last six numbers is
11.4, then the middle number is :
Middle numbers = [(10.5 x 6 + 11.4 x 6) - 10.9 x 11] = (131.4 -
119-9) = 11.5.

10 years ago, the average age of a family of 4 members

was 24 years. Two children having been born (with age
difference of 2 years), the present average age of the
family is the same. The present age of the youngest child
is :
Total age of 4 members, 10 years ago = (24 x 4) years = 96
years.
Total age of 4 members now = [96 + (10 x 4)] years = 136 years.
Total age of 6 members now = (24 x 6) years = 144 years.
Sum of the ages of 2 children = (144 - 136) years = 8 years.
Let the age of the younger child be x years.
Then, age of the elder child = (x+2) years.
So, x+(x+2) =8 <=> x=3
Age of younger child = 3 years.

Of the four numbers, whose average is 60, the first is one-

fourth of the sum of the last three. The first number is :
Let the first number be x,
Then, sum of the four numbers = x + 4x = 5x.
so, 5x/4 = 60 or x = (60 * 4) / 5 = 48.

The average salary of all the workers in a workshop is Rs.

8000. The average salary of 7 technicians is Rs. 12000 and

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the average salary of the rest is Rs. 6000. The total
number of workers in the workshop is :
Lot the total number of workers be v Then,
8OOOv = (12000 * 7) + 6000 (v - 7) <=> 2000v = 42000 <=>
v = 21.

Out of 9 persons, 8 persons spent Rs. 30 each for their

meals. The ninth one spent Rs. 20 more than the average
expenditure of all the nine. The total money spent by all of
them was :
Let the average expenditure be Rs. x Then,
9x=[(8*30)+(x+20)]<=>9x =x+260 <=> x =32.50
Total money spent = 9x = Rs. (9 x 32.5O) = Rs 292. 50

The average age of seven boys sitting in a row facing

North is 26 years. If the average age of the first three
boys is 19 years and the average age of the last three
boys is 32 years, what is the age of the boy who is sitting
in the middle of the row?
Age of the boy sitting in the middle = [26 × 7 – (19 × 3 + 32 ×
3)]
= (182 – 153) years. = 29 years.

The average weight of 6 men decreases by 3 kg when one

of them weighing 80 kg is replaced by a new man. The
weight of the new man is
Total weight decreased = (6 x 3) kg = 18 kg.
Weight of new man = (80 – 18 ) kg = 62 kg.

The average marks obtained by 22 candidates in an

examination are 45. The average marks of the first ten are
55 and that of the last eleven are 40. The number of
marks obtained by the 11th candidate is

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Marks obtained by the 11th candidate = [(45 × 22) – (55 × 10 +
40 × 11)]
= (990 - 990)
= 0.

The average of 4 terms is 20 and the 1st term is 1/3 of the

remaining terms. What will be the first number?
Average of 4 terms = 20
Hence, the total sum of 4 terms = 80
Let terms be A,B,C,D
So, the sum will be A+B+C+D =80
Given, 3A = B+C+D
So, 4A = 80,
A = 20

If the average number of 8 terms is given to be 40 and the

average of first 6 terms is given to be 35.What is the
average of the remaining 2 terms?
Sum of all the 8 terms = 320.
The sum of first 6 terms = 210
Now , the sum of remaining terms = 320 – 210 = 110
So , the average of 2 terms would be = 110/2 = 55

The mean of five numbers is 28. If one of the numbers is

excluded, the mean gets reduced by 2. Find the excluded
number.
Mean of 5 numbers = 28.
Sum of these 5 numbers = (28 x 5) = 140.
Mean of the remaining 4 numbers = (28 - 2) =26.
Sum of these remaining 4 numbers = (26 × 4) = 104.
Excluded number
= (sum of the given 5 numbers) - (sum of the remaining 4
numbers)
= (140 - 104)

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= 36.
Hence, the excluded number is 36.

The mean weight of a class of 35 students is 45 kg. If the

weight of the teacher be included, the mean weight
increases by 500 g. Find the weight of the teacher.
Mean weight of 35 students = 45 kg.
Total weight of 35 students = (45 × 35) kg = 1575 kg.
Mean weight of 35 students and the teacher (45 + 0.5) kg = 45.5
kg.

The average height of 30 boys was calculated to be 150

cm. It was detected later that one value of 165 cm was
wrongly copied as 135 cm for the computation of the
mean. Find the correct mean.
Calculated average height of 30 boys = 150 cm.
Incorrect sum of the heights of 30 boys
= (150 × 30)cm
= 4500 cm.
Correct sum of the heights of 30 boys
= (incorrect sum) - (wrongly copied item) + (actual item)
= (4500 - 135 + 165) cm
= 4530 cm.
Correct mean = correct sum/number of boys
= (4530/30) cm
= 151 cm.
Hence, the correct mean height is 151 cm.

The mean of 16 items was found to be 30. On rechecking,

it was found that two items were wrongly taken as 22 and
18 instead of 32 and 28 respectively. Find the correct
mean.
Calculated mean of 16 items = 30.
Incorrect sum of these 16 items = (30 × 16) = 480.

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Correct sum of these 16 items
= (incorrect sum) - (sum of incorrect items) + (sum of actual
items)
= [480 - (22 + 18) + (32 + 28)]
= 500.
Therefore, correct mean = 500/16 = 31.25.
Hence, the correct mean is 31.25.

The aggregate monthly expenditure of a family was $

6240 during the first 3 months, $ 6780 during the next 4
months and $ 7236 during the last 5 months of a year. If
the total saving during the year is $ 7080, find the
average monthly income of the family.
Total expenditure during the year
= $[6240 × 3 + 6780 × 4 + 7236 × 5]
= $ [18720 + 27120 + 36180]
= $ 82020.
Total income during the year = $ (82020 + 7080) = $ 89100.
Average monthly income = (89100/12) = $7425.
Hence, the average monthly income of the family is $ 7425.

Without any stoppage, a person travels a certain distance

at an average speed of 42 km/h, and with stoppages he
covers the same distance at an average speed of 28 km/h.
How many minutes per hour does he stop?
Let the total distance to be covered is 84 kms.
Time taken to cover the distance without stoppage = 84 / 42 hrs
= 2 hrs
Time taken to cover the distance with stoppage = 84 / 28 = 3 hrs.
Thus, he takes 60 minutes to cover the same distance with
stoppage.
Therefore, in 1 hour he stops for 20 minutes.

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The average age of P, Q, R, S five years ago was 45 years.
By including T, the present average age of all the five is
49 years. The present age of T is?
Present age of P, Q, R, S = ( 45 x 4 ) + 20 = 200
Present age of P, Q, R, S and T = 49 x 5 = 245
Hence, the age of T = 245 - 200 = 45 years.

The average speed of a train running at a speed of 30

km/hr during the first 100 kilometres, at 40 km/hr during
the second 100 kilometres and at 50 km/hr during the last
100 kilometres is nearly ?
Time taken to cover first 100 kilometres = 100 / 3 = 3 (1/3) hours
Time taken to cover second 100 kilometres = 100/40 = 2 (1/2)
hours
Time take to cover last 100 kilometres = 100/2 = 2 hours
Total distance covered = 300 km.
Total time taken = 47 / 6 = 7.83 hours
Thus, average speed = 300 / 7.83 = 38.3 km/hr.

There was one mess for 30 boarders in a certain hostel.

The number of boarders being increased by 10, the
expenses of the mess were increased by Rs 40 per month
while the average expenditure per head diminished by Rs
2. Find the original monthly expenses.
Let X rupees be the average of 30 boarders
30X + 40 = (X - 2) x 40
X = 12
Hence, original expenditure
= Rs 12 x 30 = Rs 360.

The average of marks obtained by 120 boys was 35. If the

average of marks of passed boys was 39 and that of failed
boys was 15, the number of boys who passed the
examination is ?

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Let the number of boys who passed = X.
Then, 39X + 15(120 - X) = 120 x 35
24X = 4200 - 1800
=> X = 2400 / 24
X = 100.
Hence, the number of boys passed = 100.

Average temperature of first 4 days of a week is 38.6°C

and that of the last 4 days is 40.3°C. If the average
temperature of the week be 39.1°C, the temperature on
4th day is?
Let temperature on 4th day be X°C
Therefore, (4 x 38.6) + (4 x 40.3) - X = 7 x 39.1
=> X = 41.9
Therefore, temperature on 4th day = 41.9°C.

With an average speed of 40 km/hr a car reaches its

destination on time. If it goes with an average speed of 35
km/h, it is late by 15 minutes. The total journey is?
Let the total journey be X km.
(X / 35) - (X / 40) = (15 / 60)
Solving for X, we get X = 70
Therefore, total journey = 70 km.

Out of three numbers, the first is twice the second and is

half of the third. If the average of the three numbers is 56,
the three numbers in order are ?
Let the numbers be 2X, X and 4X
Average = (2X + X + 4X) / 3
=> 7X / 3 = 56
=> X = (3 x 56) / 7 = 24
Hence, the numbers in order are 48, 24 and 96

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A library has an average of 510 visitors on Sundays and
240 on other days. The average number of visitors per day
in a month of 30 days beginning with a Sunday is :
Since the month begins with a Sunday, so there will be five
Sundays in the month,
Required average = (510 * 5 + 240 * 25) / 30 = 8550/30 = 285.

In a village the average age of n people is 42 years. But

after the verification it was found that the age of a person
had been considered 20 years less than the actual age, so
the new average, after the correction, increased by 1. The
value of n is :
It is the same as a person with 20 years more age replaces an
existing person of the group ( or village)
Since the total age of the village having n persons, is being
increased by 20 years and the average age of village is being
increased by 1 year, hence there are total 20 people in the
village.
Alternatively : ( n x 42 ) + 20 = ( n x 43 )
=> n=20
The average of the two-digit numbers in the range 10----
100, which remain the same when the inter-change their
positions, is :
Average = (11 + 22 + 33 + 44 + 55 + 66 + 77 + 88 + 99) / 9
=( (11 + 99) + (22 + 88) + (33 + 77) + (44 + 66) + 55) /
9
= (4 * 110 + 55)/9 = 495 / 9 = 55.

8 years ago there were 5 members in the Alia's family and

then the average age of the family was 36 years. Mean
while Alia got married and gave birth to a child. Still the
average age of his family is same now. What is the age of
his wife at the time of his child's birth was.If the

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difference between the age of her child and herself was
26 years.
Since we know that the difference b/w the age of any two persons
remains always constant, while the ratio of their ages gets
changed as the time changes.
so, if the age of his child be x (presently)
Then the age of wife be x + 26 (presently)
Thus the total age = x + ( x + 26) = 32 [∵∵252-220 =32]
=> x = 3
Therefore, The age of her child is 3 years and her self is 29 years.
Hence her age at the time of the birth of her child was 26 years.

The average of 26,29,n,35 and 43 lies between 25 and 35.

If n is always an integer and greater than the average of
the given integers then the value of n is :
Average of 26,29,35 and 43 is 33.25 . Also the average of 26 , 29,
n, 35 and 43 lies between 25 and 35 i.e,
25<26+29+n+35+43/5<35
=> 125 < 26+29+n+35+43 < 175
=> 125 < 133 + n < 175
=> n < 42
Since the value of n is an integer and greater than 33.25 then 33
< n < 42 for every integer n.

The average of a non-zero number and its square is 11

times the number. The number is ?
Let the number be 'x'.
x+x2/2= 11x
x2= 22x
=> x = 22.

The average weight of 45 passengers in a bus is 52 kg. 5

of them whose average weight is 48 kg leave the bus and
other 5 passengers whose average weight is 54 kg join the

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bus at the same stop. What is the new average weight of
the bus?
Given total number of passengers in the bus = 45
First average weight of 45 passengers = 52 kgs
Average weight of 5 passengers who leave bus = 48
Average weight of 5 passengers who joined the bus = 54
Therefore, the net average weight of the bus is given by
= 45 x 52 − (5 x 48) + (5 x 54)/45 = 2370/45= 158/3= 52.66 kgs.

20 men went to a restaurant. Nineteen of them paid Rs.70

each and the twentieth man paid Rs.90.25 more than the
average of all the 20 men. What is the total bill ?
Let the average bill paid by twenty members = 'x'
But 19 men paid each = Rs. 70
20th man paid Rs. 90.25 more than the avg bill of 20 = x + 90.25
20x = 19(70) + x + 90.25
19x = 1330 + 90.25
19x = 1420.25
x = 1420.25/19 = Rs. 74.75
But the total bill = 20 x 74.75 = Rs. 1495.

The average of marks in 3 subjects is 224. The first subject

marks is twice the second and the second subject marks is
twice the third. Find the second subject marks ?
Let the third subject marks be 'x'
=> Second subject marks = 2x
=> Third subject marks = 4x
Given avg = 224
x + 2x + 4x = 224 x 3
=> 7x = 224 x 3
=> x = 96
Hence, Second subject marks = 2x = 2 x 96 = 192.

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The average age of 7 boys is increased by 1 year when
one of them whose age is replaced by a girl. What is the
age of the girl?
Let the avg age of 7 boys be 'p' years
Let the age of the girl be 'q' years
From given data,
The age of 7 boys = 7p years
Now the new average = (p + 1) when 22 yrs is replaced by q
Now the age of all 7 will become = 7(p + 1) yrs
Hence, 7p - 22 + q = 7(p + 1) yrs
7p - 22 + q = 7p + 7
q = 22 + 7 = 29
Therefore, the age of girl = q = 29 years.

12 boys decided to contribute Rs. 750 each to an

Orphanage. Suddenly few of them boys dropped out and
consequently the rest had to pay Rs. 150 more. Then the
number of boys who dropped out?
Total money decided to contribute = 750 x 12 = 9000
Let 'b' boys dropped
The rest paid 150/- more
=> (12 - b) x 900 = 9000
=> b = 2
Hence, the number of boys who dropped out is 2.

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