Computer → Computer is an electronic device which makes our work easier by
analysing the data and giving desired output.
Components of computer →
1. Input device – to input data
Examples: keyboard, mouse, bar-code reader, biometric device, MICR – Magnetic Ink
Character Recognition, joystick, web-camera/camera/digital camera, scanner,
microphone, etc.
2. Output device – helps us to see the desired result
Examples: Printer, monitor, projector, plotter, speaker, etc.
Headphones – output (input)
Earphones – input & output both completely
3. CPU (Central Processing Unit) – Brain & heart of computer.
Cabinet (outside)
Power Button
Restart Button
USB Ports
CD-DVD Drive
Cabinet (inside)
Motherboard
RAM
ROM
Hard disk
Processor
Graphics Card
SMPS (Switch Mode Power Supply)
CMOS Battery
1. Processor
i. Intel - P4, Dual Core, Core 2 Duo, Core i3, Core i5, Core i7, Core i9 (official working
purpose) (13th Generation)
ii. AMD - Ryzen (Animation & Gaming)
iii. Sakti - India Processor (work in progress)
2. Memory - Storage
i. Primary Storage / Main Storage
(Temporary Storage / Internal Storage)
RAM – Random Access Memory
ROM – Read Only Memory
ii. Secondary Storage / Internal Storage (Permanent Storage)
Hard disk
Pen drive
CD-DVD Drive
Floppy disk
Hardware → Any physical component that can be touched or felt is known as hardware
Software → It helps to run the hardware
1. Operating Software / System Software (OS):
a) Windows – Microsoft (Most popular)
b) MAC OS – Apple (2nd most popular)
c) Chrome OS – Google (3rd most popular)
d) Linux OS – Free server – No security support
e) BOSS – Bharat Operating System Solutions – Indian – work in progress
2. Application Software → It helps to work for a specific task.
i) Graphics →
MS Paint (Microsoft)
Professional → Adobe Photoshop
ii) Documentation →
MS Word (Microsoft)
Google Docs (Google)
Professional → Adobe InDesign (Magazines & Newspapers)
iii) Accounting →
MS Excel (Microsoft)
Google Sheets (Google)
Professional → Tally, SAP
iv) Presentation →
MS PowerPoint (Microsoft)
Google Slides (Google)
Professional →
2D Animation – Adobe Animate
3D Animation – MAYA, 3D MAX, Blender, etc
VFX – Adobe AfterEffects, Nuke, etc
1. Create a New Folder –
Right click (where you want the folder)
↓
New
↓
Folder
↓
Type the name you want
↓
Enter
2. Create folder into Existing folder –
Method – 1
Right Click
↓
New
↓
Folder
↓
Type the name you want
↓
Enter
Method – 2 (Win 11)
Click on ‘New Folder’ / New (Win 10)
↓
Folder
↓
Type the name you want
↓
Enter
Shortcut to create the new folder →
Control + Shift + N
3. Rename any folder/file etc –
Method - 1
Select the folder/file you want to rename
↓
Right click on the folder/file
↓
Rename
↓
Type the new name you want
↓
Enter
Method - 2
Select the folder/file you want to rename
↓
Press 'F2' key on keyboard
↓
Type the new name you want
↓
Enter
Create a file → (Word, Excel, etc)
Right click where you want the file
↓
New
↓
Example:
Word → New Microsoft Word document
Excel → New Microsoft Excel worksheet
PowerPoint → New Microsoft PowerPoint Presentation
Notepad → Text document
↓
Type the file name you want
↓
Enter
---
Note:
Once file is created, you can’t delete or rename without selecting it.
---
Cut / Copy & Paste any Folder / File →
Select folder or file you want to cut / copy
↓
Right click on folder / file
↓
Cut / Copy
↓
Go to the location where you want to paste the folder or file
↓
Right click → Paste
(Shortcut Cut):
Cut = Ctrl + X
Copy = Ctrl + C
Paste = Ctrl + V
Create a Shortcut →
Short method –
Select Folder / File
↓
Right click on Folder / File
↓
Create shortcut
Long method –
Right click
↓
New
↓
Shortcut
↓
Browse
↓
Browse & select the folder or file
↓
OK
↓
Next
↓
Finish
Delete any folder →
Method – 1
Select the folder
↓
Right click
↓
Delete → Yes
Method – 2
Select the folder
↓
Press ‘Del’ from keyboard
↓
Press ‘Enter’ from the keyboard
Recycle Bin →
1. Restore
2. Permanent Delete
(by any method)
Wallpaper Change / Background Change
Right click on desktop
↓
Personalize
↓
Background
↓
Browse
↓
Choose
Windows Colour / Color
Right click on desktop
↓
Personalize
↓
Color
↓
Choose
3) Screen Saver
Right click on desktop
↓
Personalize
↓
Lock Screen
↓
Screen Saver / Screen Saver Setting
↓
Mystify, Bubbles, 3D Text
↓
Settings
↓
Make necessary changes (Font style, Rotation, Color, etc)
↓
OK
↓
OK
(1)Taskbar Settings
Right click on desktop
↓
Personalize
↓
Taskbar / Taskbar behaviour
↓
Automatically hide the taskbar in desktop mode
[✓] On
↓
Windows 11 – Taskbar Alignment
Left
Centre
(2)Display Resolution / Screen Resolution
Right click on desktop
↓
Display setting
↓
Display Resolution
↓
Choose
(1)Display Resolution / Screen Resolution
Right click on desktop
↓
Display setting
↓
Display Resolution
↓
Choose
Automatically setting date & time
Right click on date & time
↓
Adjust date & time
↓
Sync now
↓
Sync → GMT → Chennai, Delhi, Mumbai, Kolkata
