Let 𝐴𝐵𝐶 (𝐴(1, 3), 𝐵(3, 1), 𝐶(2, 4)) be the triangle, image of which is ∆𝑃𝑄𝑅.

1+3+2 3+1+4
Centroid of ∆𝐴𝐵𝐶: 𝐺 ( , ) = 𝐺(2, 8⁄2)
3 3
(𝛼, 𝛽)(= 𝐻, say) is the image of 𝐺(2, 8⁄3) over the line (mirror) 𝑥 + 2𝑦 = 2.

Since 𝐻 is image of 𝐺, 𝐺𝑋 = 𝐻𝑋, 𝑖𝑒

|2 + 2(8⁄3) − 2| |𝛼 + 2(𝛽) − 2|
= (mirror: 𝑥 + 2𝑦 − 2 = 0)
√12 + 22 √12 + 22
⟹ |2 + 2(8⁄3) − 2| = |𝛼 + 2(𝛽) − 2|

⟹ 16⁄3 = |𝛼 + 2𝛽 − 2|

⟹ 𝛼 + 2𝛽 − 2 = ±16⁄3

⟹ 𝛼 + 2𝛽 = 2 ± 16⁄3 = 22⁄3 , −10⁄3

Case‑I: 𝛼 + 2𝛽 = 22⁄3

3𝛼 + 6𝛽 = 22 … … [1]

Slope of mirror (𝑦 = −½𝑥 + 1) = −½, which means

Slope of 𝐺𝐻 = 2 (𝐺𝐻 is perpendicular on the mirror)

𝛽 − 8⁄3
⟹ =2
𝛼−2
⟹ 6𝛼 − 3𝛽 = 4 … … [2]

3𝛼 + 6𝛽 = 22
On solving [1] and [2]: } 15𝛼 = 30, 15𝛽 = 40 (𝐻 coincides with 𝐺, rejected)
6𝛼 − 3𝛽 = 4

Case‑I: 𝛼 + 2𝛽 = −10⁄3

3𝛼 + 6𝛽 = −10 … … [1′]

3𝛼 + 6𝛽 = −10
On solving [1′] and [2]: } 15𝛼 = −2, 15𝛽 = −24, 15(𝛼 − 𝛽) = 22
6𝛼 − 3𝛽 = 4
𝐴𝑛𝑠𝑤𝑒𝑟: 22

−10 sin 𝛼 − 10 cos 𝛼

Slope of 𝐵𝐶 = = −1
10 cos 𝛼 + 10 sin 𝛼
8−9
⟹ Slope of 𝐴𝐴′ (𝑜𝑟 𝐴𝐿) = =1 (𝐴𝐴′ is pepedicular on 𝐵𝐶)
6−𝑎
⟹ 𝑎=7 ⟹ Orthocentre: 𝐿(7, 9)

𝑥‑ and 𝑦‑𝑐ordinates of the centroid 𝐺:

6 + 10 cos 𝛼 − 10 sin 𝛼 8 − 10 sin 𝛼 + 10 cos 𝛼

ℎ= , 𝑘= … … [1]
3 3
We observe that distances of vertices from (0, 0) are same (= 10), 𝑖𝑒 (0, 0) is the circumcentre.

We know that centroid divides line joining circumcentre and orthocentre in the ratio 1: 2.

1(7) + 2(0) 7 1(9) + 2(0)

ℎ= = , 𝑘= =3 … … [1]
1+2 3 1+2
From [1] , [2]:

6 + 10 cos 𝛼 − 10 sin 𝛼 7 8 − 10 sin 𝛼 + 10 cos 𝛼

= (= ℎ), = 3 (= 𝑘)
3 3 3
⟹ 6 + 𝑡 = 7, 8+𝑡 =9 (where 𝑡 = 10 cos 𝛼 − 10 sin 𝛼)

1
⟹ 𝑡 = 1, 10 cos 𝛼 − 10 sin 𝛼 = 1, cos 𝛼 − sin 𝛼 =
10
1
⟹ (cos 𝛼 − sin 𝛼)2 =
102
 1
⟹ 1 − sin 2𝛼 = ((cos 𝛼 − sin 𝛼)2 = cos2 𝛼 + sin2 𝛼 − 2 sin 𝛼 cos 𝛼 = 1 − sin 2𝛼)
100
1 99
⟹ sin 2𝛼 = 1 − =
100 100
7 99
To summerise: 𝑎 = 7, ℎ= , 𝑘 = 3, sin 2𝛼 =
3 100
7 99
⟹ 5𝑎 − 3ℎ + 6𝑘 + 100 sin 2𝛼 = 5(7) − 3 ( ) + 6(3) + 100 ( ) = 35 − 7 + 18 + 99 = 145
3 100
𝐴𝑛𝑠𝑤𝑒𝑟: 145

4−4
Slope of 𝑃𝑄 = = 0, 𝑖𝑒 𝑃𝑄||𝑥‑axis, 𝑅𝑅′ ||𝑦‑axis ⟹ 𝑎=2
5+2
We can write coordinates of 𝑅 as 𝑅(2, 𝑏)

Height of the triangle = |𝑏 − 4|

Base, 𝑃𝑄 = √(5 + 2)2 + (4 − 4)2 = 7

Area, 35 = ½𝑃𝑄|𝑏 − 4| = ½(7)|𝑏 − 4| ⟹ |𝑏 − 4| = 10

⟹ 𝑏 − 4 = ±10, 𝑏 = 14, −6

All the vertices are now known as: 𝑃(5, 4), 𝑄(−2, 4), 𝑅(2, −6).

The triangle is acute angled, hence orthocentre must be inside triangle. If we take 𝑏 = 14, then the
( )
orthocentre will fall outside the triangle.

5−2+2 5 4+4−6 2
Centroid 𝐶(𝑐, 𝑑): 𝑐 = = , 𝑑= =
3 3 3 3
⟹ 𝑐 + 2𝑑 = 3

𝐴𝑛𝑠𝑤𝑒𝑟: 3
Since the coordinates of 𝐴 must satisfy 𝑥 − 𝑦 + 2 = 0, we can assume coordinates to be 𝐴(𝑎, 𝑎 + 2).

In the same way, coordinates of 𝐵: 𝐵(𝑏, −2).

𝑃(𝑥, 𝑦) lies on the locus and diviedes 𝐴𝐵 in the ratio 2: 1, therefore

𝑎 + 2𝑏 (𝑎 + 2) + 2(−2) 𝑎 − 2
𝑥= , 𝑦= = … … [1]
3 3 3

2
Length of the rod, 𝐴𝐵 = √(𝑎 − 𝑏)2 + ((𝑎 + 2) − (−2)) = 8

⟹ (𝑎 − 𝑏)2 + (𝑎 + 4)2 = 82 = 64 … … [2]

From [1], writing 𝑥, 𝑦 in terms of 𝑎, 𝑏:

𝑎 + 2𝑏 = 3𝑥 3𝑥 − 𝑎 3𝑥 − (3𝑦 + 2) 3𝑥 − 3𝑦 − 2
⟹ 𝑎 = 3𝑦 + 2, 𝑏= = =
𝑎 − 2 = 3𝑦 2 2 2

Plugging above in [2]:

3𝑥 − 3𝑦 − 2 2
[(3𝑦 + 2) − ( )] + [(3𝑦 + 2) + 4]2 = 64
2
2
3 9
⟹ [− 𝑥 + 𝑦 + 3] + [3𝑦 + 6]2 = 64
2 2
32
⟹ [(−𝑥 + 3𝑦 + 2)2 + (2𝑦 + 4)2 ] = 64
22
⟹ 9[(𝑥 2 + 9𝑦 2 + 4 − 6𝑥𝑦 + 12𝑦 − 4𝑥) + (4𝑦 2 + 16𝑦 + 16)] = 64 × 4 = 256

⟹ 9[(𝑥 2 + 13𝑦 2 + 4 − 6𝑥𝑦 − 4𝑥 + 28𝑦) + 20] = 256

⟹ 9[(𝑥 2 + 13𝑦 2 + 4 − 6𝑥𝑦 − 4𝑥 + 28𝑦)] + 180 = 256

⟹ 9[(𝑥 2 + 13𝑦 2 + 4 − 6𝑥𝑦 − 4𝑥 + 28𝑦)] − 76 = 0 … equation of the locus

On comparing above with the given equation: 𝛼 = 13, 𝛽 = −6, 𝛾 = −4 ⟹ 𝛼 − 𝛽 − 𝛾 = 23

𝐴𝑛𝑠𝑤𝑒𝑟: 23
 3𝑥 − 4𝑦 − 𝛼 = 0 … [𝐿1]
Given lines: 8𝑥 − 11𝑦 − 33 = 0 … [𝐿2] Let 𝑃 the point where they meet.
2𝑥 − 3𝑦 + 𝜆 = 0 … [𝐿3]

3𝑥 − 4𝑦 = 𝛼 𝑥 = 11𝛼 − 132
Solving equations [𝐿1], [𝐿2]: ⟹
8𝑥 − 11𝑦 = 33 𝑦 = 8𝛼 − 99

⟹ Coordinates of 𝑃: 𝑃(11𝛼 − 132, 8𝛼 − 99)

Since 𝑃 lies in [L3] also,

2(11𝛼 − 132) − 3(8𝛼 − 99) + 𝜆 = 0, 2𝛼 + 33 + 𝜆 = 0 … … [1]

|2(1) − 3(2) + 𝜆| |−4 + 𝜆|

Distance of point (1, 2) from the mirror (2𝑥 − 3𝑦 + 𝜆 = 0): =
√22 + 32 √22 + 32
57 −40
57 −40 |2 ( ) − 3( ) + 𝜆| |18 + 𝜆|
Distance of image ( , ) from the mirror: 13 13 =
13 13 2
√2 + 3 2 √22 + 32

Above distances must be same, 𝑖𝑒 |𝜆 − 4| = |𝜆 + 18|

⟹ 𝜆 − 4 = ±(𝜆 + 18), 𝜆 = −7

Putting 𝜆 = −7 in [1] gives: 2𝛼 + 33 − 7 = 0, 𝛼 = −13

Thus, |𝛼𝜆| = |−13(−7)| = 91

𝐴𝑛𝑠𝑤𝑒𝑟: 91

𝑥 + 𝑦 = 11 … [𝐵𝐶, say]
Given lines: 𝑥 + 2𝑦 = 16 … [𝐶𝐴, say]
2𝑥 + 3𝑦 = 2 … [𝐴𝐵, say]

𝑥 + 𝑦 = 11
Solving : 𝑥 = 6, 𝑦 = 5, Coordinates of 𝐶: 𝐶(6, 5)
𝑥 + 2𝑦 = 16

𝑥 + 𝑦 = 11
Solving : 𝑥 = 4, 𝑦 = 7, Coordinates of 𝐵: 𝐵(4, 7)
2𝑥 + 3𝑦 = 29

𝑥 + 2𝑦 = 16
Solving : 𝑥 = 10, 𝑦 = 3, Coordinates of 𝐴: 𝐴(10, 3)
2𝑥 + 3𝑦 = 29

Now we can draw the triangle and locus of given point (if 𝛼 is allowed to vary).

From the figure:

29 − 2𝑥 29 − 2(11⁄2) 29 − 2𝑥
𝛼𝑚𝑎𝑥 = | = =6 (𝐴𝐵: 2𝑥 + 3𝑦 = 29 ≡ 𝑦 = )
3 𝑥=11⁄2 3 3

11
𝛼𝑚𝑖𝑛 = (11 − 𝑥)|𝑥=11⁄2 = (𝐵𝐶: 𝑥 + 𝑦 = 11 ≡ 𝑦 = 11 − 𝑥)
2
 11
Required product = 𝛼𝑚𝑖𝑛 𝛼𝑚𝑎𝑥 = × 6 = 33
2
𝐴𝑛𝑠𝑤𝑒𝑟: 33

𝑛𝐶 (𝑟 − 1)! (𝑛 − 𝑟 + 1)! 𝑛 − 𝑟 + 1
𝑟 𝑛! 𝑛!
𝑛𝐶
= ⧸ = =
𝑟−1 𝑟! (𝑛 − 𝑟)! (𝑟 − 1)! (𝑛 − 𝑟 + 1)! 𝑟! (𝑛 − 𝑟)! 𝑟
𝑛𝐶
𝑟+1 𝑛−𝑟
⟹ 𝑛𝐶
= (obtained by replacing 𝑟 with 𝑟 + 1 in the above)
𝑟 𝑟+1
𝑛𝐶 56 𝑛−𝑟+1 𝑛𝐶 70 5 𝑛 − 𝑟
𝑟 𝑟+1
Thus, 𝑛𝐶
= =2= , 𝑛𝐶
= = =
𝑟−1 28 𝑟 𝑟 56 4 𝑟 + 1

𝑛−𝑟+1 5 𝑛−𝑟
2= ⟹ 𝑛 − 3𝑟 = −1, = ⟹ 4𝑛 − 9𝑟 = 5
𝑟 4 𝑟+1
𝑛 − 3𝑟 = −1 3𝑟 − 𝑛 = 1
On solving ∶ 𝑛 = 8, 𝑟 = 3 ⟹
4𝑛 − 9𝑟 = 5 𝑟2 − 𝑛 − 1 = 0
Therefore, coordinates of 𝐶: 𝐶(1, 0)

Now obtained coordinates of 𝐴, 𝐵 for a paticular value of parmenter 𝑡 = 0.

Coordinates of 𝐴, 𝐵: 𝐴(4, 0), 𝐵(0, −2)

Thus, vertices of the triangle: 𝐴(4, 0), 𝐵(0, −2), 𝐶(1, 0)

4+0+1 0−2+0 5 2
Coordinates of centroid 𝑃: 𝑃 ( , ) = 𝑃( ,− )
3 3 3 3
5 2
𝑥 = , 𝑦 = − will satisfy the locus equation, 𝑖𝑒
3 3
2 2
5 2
(3 × − 1) + (3 (− )) = 𝛼 ⟹ 20 = 𝛼
3 3
𝐴𝑛𝑠𝑤𝑒𝑟: 20

Slope(−𝑥 + 2𝑦 = 4) = ½ = tan 𝛼1 , Slope(𝑥 + 𝑦 = 4) = −1 = tan 𝛼2 , Slope(bisector) = tan 𝛼

Exterior angle (∆𝐴𝐶𝐷): 𝛼2 = 𝛼 + 𝜃, Exterior angl𝑒 (∆𝐴𝐵𝐷): 𝛼 = 𝛼1 + 𝜃

2𝛼 = 𝛼1 + 𝛼2 (on eliminating 𝜃 from above equations)

tan 𝛼1 + tan 𝛼2 ½ + (−1) 1

⟹ tan 2𝛼 = tan(𝛼1 + 𝛼2 ) = = =−
1 − tan 𝛼1 tan 𝛼2 1 − ½(−1) 3

2 tan 𝛼 2𝑛 1
⟹ = =− (𝑛 = slope of bisector = tan 𝛼)
1 − tan2 𝛼 1 − 𝑛2 3
⟹ 𝑛2 + 6𝑛 − 1 = 0

1 2 1 𝑚: slope of third line (base), 𝑛: slope of bisector ⊥ on base

⟹ (− ) + 6 (− ) − 1 = 0 ( )
𝑚 𝑚 since 𝑚𝑛 = −1, 𝑛 = −1⁄𝑚
1 6
⟹ + −1 = 0
𝑚2 𝑚
⟹ 𝑚2 − 6𝑚 + 1 = 0 … quadratic equation in 𝑚; two roots

⟹ Sum of roots (sum of possible vaulues of 𝑚) = 6 (𝑥 2 − (sum of roots)𝑥 + (prod of roots) = 0)

𝐴𝑛𝑠𝑤𝑒𝑟: 6

7𝑥 − 6𝑦 + 3 = 0 … [𝐵𝐶, say]
Given lines (sides): 𝑥 + 2𝑦 − 31 = 0 … [𝐶𝐴, say]
9𝑥 − 2𝑦 − 19 = 0 … [𝐴𝐵, say]

7𝑥 − 6𝑦 + 3 = 0
Solving gives: 𝑥 = 9, 𝑦 = 11 ⟹ Coordinates of 𝐶: 𝐶(9, 11)
𝑥 + 2𝑦 − 31 = 0

7𝑥 − 6𝑦 + 3 = 0
Solving gives: 𝑥 = 3, 𝑦 = 4 ⟹ Coordinates of 𝐵: 𝐵(3, 4)
9𝑥 − 2𝑦 − 19 = 0
 𝑥 + 2𝑦 − 31 = 0
Solving gives: 𝑥 = 5, 𝑦 = 13 ⟹ Coordinates of 𝐴: 𝐴(5, 13)
9𝑥 − 2𝑦 − 19 = 0

9 + 3 + 5 11 + 4 + 13 17 28
Centroid (𝑃, say): 𝑃 ( , ) = 𝑃( , )
3 3 3 3
17 28
(ℎ, 𝑘) (≡ 𝐺, say) is image of 𝑃 ( , ) in the line 3𝑥 + 6𝑦 − 53 = 0.
3 3

28
𝑘−
Slope of 𝑃𝐺: 3 = 3𝑘 − 28 = 2 (Slope of 𝑃𝐺 = −
1
=−
1
= 2)
17 3ℎ − 17 slope of mirror −½
ℎ−
3
⟹ 3𝑘 − 28 = 6ℎ − 34, 3𝑘 − 6ℎ = −6, 𝑘 = 2ℎ − 2 … … [1]

Distance of 𝐺 from mirror = Distance of 𝑃 from mirror:

17 28
|3ℎ + 6𝑘 − 53| |3 ( ) + 6 ( ) − 53|
= 3 3
√32 + 62 √32 + 62
⟹ |3ℎ + 6𝑘 − 53| = 20

⟹ |3ℎ + 6(2ℎ − 2) − 53| = 20 (from [1]: 𝑘 = 2ℎ − 2 )

⟹ |15ℎ − 65| = 20

⟹ 15ℎ − 65 = ±20

⟹ 15ℎ = 85, 45

17
⟹ ℎ= ,3
3
17 28
ℎ= gives 𝑘 = which means 𝐺 coincides with 𝑃, hence rejected. Thus
3 3
ℎ = 3, 𝑘 = 4 (obtained from [1])

⟹ ℎ2 + 𝑘 2 + ℎ𝑘 = 32 + 42 + 3 × 4 = 37

𝐴𝑛𝑠𝑤𝑒𝑟: 37
Case I:

We assume coodinates of 𝑀 as 𝑀(0, 𝑝)

𝑝−0
Slope of 𝐴𝑀 = = −𝑝, hence slope of 𝑀𝑁 = 1⁄𝑝 . Therefore
0−1
1
Equation of 𝑀𝑁: 𝑦 = 𝑥+𝑐 (𝑐 to be determined)
𝑝

Since above passes through 𝑀(0, 𝑝): 𝑝 = 0 ∙ 𝑝 + 𝑐 ⟹ 𝑐=𝑝

1
Equation of 𝑀𝑁: 𝑦 = 𝑥 + 𝑝, 𝑥 − 𝑝𝑦 = −𝑝2
𝑝

𝑥 − 𝑝𝑦 = −𝑝2 (𝑀𝑁) 𝑝(1 − 𝑝) 1 + 𝑝2

We solve and get 𝑥 = ,𝑦 =
𝑥 + 𝑦 = 1 (𝐴𝐵) 1+𝑝 1+𝑝

𝑝(1 − 𝑝) 1 + 𝑝2
Coordinates of 𝑁: 𝑁 ( , )
1+𝑝 1+𝑝

Now we evaluate 𝑀𝑁, 𝐴𝑀 using distance formula:

2 2 2
𝑝(1 − 𝑝) 1 + 𝑝2 𝑝(1 − 𝑝) 1−𝑝 2
𝑀𝑁 = √( − 0) + ( − 𝑝) = √( ) +( )
1+𝑝 1+𝑝 1+𝑝 1+𝑝

1−𝑝
=( ) √1 + 𝑝2
1+𝑝

𝐴𝑀 = √1 + 𝑝2

1 1−𝑝 1 1−𝑝
Area (∆𝐴𝑀𝑁) = ½ × 𝐴𝑀 × 𝐴𝑁 = ×( ) √1 + 𝑝 2 × √1 + 𝑝2 = ( ) (1 + 𝑝2 )
2 1+𝑝 2 1+𝑝
Since Area (∆𝐴𝑀𝑁) ∶ Area (∆𝐴𝑂𝐵) = 4 ∶ 9

1 1−𝑝
( ) (1 + 𝑝2 ) 1−𝑝 4 1
2 1+𝑝
⟹ =( ) (1 + 𝑝2 ) = (Area (∆𝐴𝑂𝐵) = )
1 1+𝑝 9 2
2
⟹ 9𝑝3 − 9𝑝2 + 13𝑝 − 5 = 0 … cubic equation!

Since 𝐴𝑁 ∶ 𝐵𝑁 = 𝜆 ∶ 1 (given) and 𝐴𝑁 + 𝐵𝑁 = √2 (geometry of the figure),

𝜆 𝜆√2 √2
𝐴𝑁 = ( ) √2 = , 𝐵𝑁 =
𝜆+1 𝜆+1 𝜆+1
Distance of 𝑁 from 𝑦‑axis is 𝑥‑coordiate of 𝑁, 𝑖𝑒

𝐵𝑁 𝑝 − 𝑝2 𝑝 − 𝑝2 1
= , = = 𝑘 (𝑠𝑎𝑦)
√2 1+𝑝 1+𝑝 𝜆+1

⟹ 𝑘 + 𝑘𝑝 = 𝑝 − 𝑝2

⟹ 𝑝2 − (1 − 𝑘)𝑝 + 𝑘 = 0

1 1 2 4
(1 − 𝑘) ± √(1 − 𝑘)2 − 4𝑘 (1 − 𝜆 + 1) ± √(1 − 𝜆 + 1) − 𝜆 + 1
⟹ 𝑝= =
2 2

𝜆 𝜆 2 4
± √( ) −
𝜆+1 𝜆+1 𝜆+1
=
2

𝜆 ± √𝜆2 − 4
=
2(𝜆 + 1)

From above we conclude that 𝜆 ≥ 2 (𝜆2 − 4 cannot be ―ve)

Case II:

𝜆√2 √2
Since 𝐴𝑁 + 𝐵𝑁 = √2 and 𝐴𝑁⁄𝐵𝑁 = 𝜆, 𝐴𝑁 = , 𝐵𝑁 =
𝜆+1 𝜆+1

√2
∆𝐵𝑁𝑀 is right isosceles, 𝑀𝑁 = 𝐵𝑁 =
𝜆+1

1 𝜆√2 √2 𝜆
Area (∆𝐴𝑀𝑁) = ½ × 𝐴𝑀 × 𝐴𝑁 = × × =
2 𝜆 + 1 𝜆 + 1 (𝜆 + 1)2

Since Area (∆𝐴𝑀𝑁) ∶ Area (∆𝐴𝑂𝐵) = 4 ∶ 9,

 𝜆
(𝜆 + 1)2 4
=
½ 9
𝜆 2
⟹ =
(𝜆 + 1)2 9

⟹ 2𝜆2 + 4𝜆 + 2 = 9𝜆

⟹ 2𝜆2 − 5𝜆 + 2 = 9𝜆

5 ± √25 − 16 5 ± 3
⟹ 𝜆= = =2 (𝜆 = ½ means 𝐵𝑁 > 𝐴𝑁 which is not possible)
4 4
For case II, the only possible value of 𝜆 is 2

Conclusion:

Case‑I: One solution (by geomentry only one value is passible), 𝜆 ≥ 2 (exact value too hard to find).
Case‑II: One solution: 𝜆 = 2.

𝐴𝑛𝑠𝑤𝑒𝑟: Sum of all possible values ≥ 4 (none of the options is correct)

𝐴𝑛𝑠𝑤𝑒𝑟: 2

If you have found error(s)⁄mistake (s) or have any suggestion,

consider emaling to 𝒍𝒂𝒈𝒖𝒓𝒊𝒎@𝒈𝒎𝒂𝒊𝒍. 𝒄𝒐𝒎 and help improve this material.

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