Unit -1 Revisiting AI Project Cycle

Class 10
Questions and Answers
1. Outline the main steps in the AI Project Cycle briefly.
Answer: The AI project cycle consists of the following steps:
 Step 1: Problem Scoping: In problem scoping, we try to find the problem; we look at
various parameters that affect the problem we wish to solve so that the picture becomes
clearer.
 Step 2: Data Acquisition: You need to acquire data, which will become the base of your
project; data can be collected from various reliable and authentic sources.
 Step 3: Data Exploration: The data you collect would be in large quantities; you can try
to give it a visual image of different types of representations like graphs, databases, flow
charts, maps, etc. This makes it easier for you to interpret the patterns that your acquired
data follows.
 Step 4: Modelling: After exploration, you must decide which type of model you would
build to achieve the goal. For this, you can research online and select various models that
give a suitable output.
 Step 5: Evaluation: Once the modelling is complete, you now need to test your model
on some newly fetched data. The results will help you in evaluating your model and
improving it.
 Step 6: Deployment: Finally, after evaluation, the deployment stage is crucial for
ensuring the successful integration and operation of AI solutions in real-world
environments, enabling them to deliver value and impact to users and stakeholders.
2. What roles does computer vision play in agricultural monitoring systems?
Answer: The role of computer vision in agriculture is
 Crop Health Monitoring – AI can detect diseases in crops and suggest how pests will
be required in crops. AI can also identify the nutrient deficiencies in crops.
 Automated Harvesting – AI can guide the robotic machine system to pick the fruits
and vegetables from the field.
3. Mention the factors that knowingly or unknowingly influence our decision-making.
Answer: The factors that knowingly or unknowingly influence decision-making are
 Non-maleficence – non-maleficence refers to the ethical principle of avoiding causing
harm or negative consequences.
 Maleficence – Maleficence refers to the concept of intentionally causing harm or
wrongdoing.
 Beneficence – Beneficence refers to the ethical principle of promoting and maximizing
the well-being and welfare of individuals and society.
4. What is the necessity for ethical frameworks in AI development?
Answer: The necessity for ethical frameworks in AI development is
 Respect for autonomy: Enabling users to be fully aware of decision-making. E.g.,
users of an AI algorithm should know how it functions.
 Do not harm: Harm to anyone (be it human or nonhuman) must be avoided at all costs.
If no choice is available, the path of least harm must always be chosen.
 Maximum benefit: Not only should we avoid harm; our actions must focus on
providing the maximum benefit possible.
 Justice: All benefits and burdens of a particular choice must be distributed in a justified
manner across people irrespective of their background.
5. Mention the key characteristics of sector-based frameworks.
Answer: Sector-based frameworks address issues such as patient privacy, data security,
and the ethical use of AI in medical decision-making. Sector-based ethical frameworks
may also apply to domains such as finance, education, transportation, agriculture,
governance, and law enforcement.
6. What do you mean by bioethics?
Answer: Bioethics is an ethical framework used in healthcare and life sciences. It deals
with ethical issues related to health, medicine, and biological sciences, ensuring that AI
applications in healthcare adhere to ethical standards and considerations.
7. What is Natural Language Processing? Explain any two real-life applications of
NLP.
Answer: Natural Language Processing, abbreviated as NLP, is a branch of artificial
intelligence that deals with the interaction between computers and humans using the
natural language. Natural language refers to language that is spoken and written by people,
and natural language processing (NLP) attempts to extract information from the spoken
and written word using algorithms.
Real-life applications of NLP are
 Email filters – NLP use in email, which helps to spam filters, uncovering certain words
or phrases that signal a spam message.
 Machine Translation – NLP is used in machine translation systems like Google
Translate and Microsoft Translator to automatically translate text from one language to
another.
8. How do value-based frameworks contribute to ethical decision-making by
emphasizing fundamental principles and values?
Answer: Value-based frameworks focus on fundamental ethical principles and values
guiding decision-making. It reflects the different moral philosophies that inform ethical
reasoning. Value-based frameworks are concerned with assessing the moral worth of
actions and guiding ethical behavior.
9. Your grandmother watches you use AI applications. She wants to understand more
about it. Help her understand the term artificial intelligence by giving the right
definition and explain to her with an example how machines become artificially
intelligent.
Answer: When a machine possesses the ability to mimic human traits, i.e., make
decisions, predict the future, learn and improve on its own, it is said to have artificial
intelligence. In other words, you can say that a machine is artificially intelligent when it
can accomplish tasks by itself – collect data, understand it, analyse it, learn from it, and
improve it.
Machines become intelligent once they are trained with some data which helps them
achieve their tasks. AI machines also keep updating their knowledge to optimise their
output. For example, Netflix gives us recommendations based on what we like. Whenever
we start liking a new genre, it updates and gives better suggestions.
10. Akhil wants to learn how to scope the problem for an AI Project. Explain him the
following:
 4W Problem Canvas
 Problem Statement Template
Answer: The 4Ws Problem canvas helps in identifying the key elements related to the
problem. The 4Ws are Who, What, Where and Why
 The “Who” block helps in analysing the people getting affected directly or indirectly
due to the problem.
 The “What” block helps us to determine the nature of the problem.
 The “Where” block helps us to look into the situation in which the problem arises, the
context of it, and the locations where it is prominent.
 The “Why” block suggests to us the benefits that the stakeholders would get from the
solution and how it will benefit them as well as society
11. How do you understand whether a machine/application is AI-based or not?
Explain with the help of an example.
Answer: Any machine that has been trained with data and can make decisions/predictions
on its own can be termed as AI. Eg, the bot or the automation machine is not trained with
any data is not an AI, while a chatbot that understands, and processes human language is
an AI.
12. Suhana works for a company where she was assigned the task of developing a
project using the AI project cycle. She knew that the first stage was scoping the
problem. Help her list the remaining stages that she must go through to develop the
project.
Answer: Steps of the AI project life cycle:
 Evaluation
 Data Acquisition
 Data Exploration
 Modelling
13. Samarth attended a seminar on Artificial Intelligence and has now been asked to
write a report on his learnings from the seminar. Being a non-technical person, he
understood that the AI-enabled machine uses data of different formats in many of the
daily based applications but failed to sync it with the right terminologies and express
the details. Help Samarth define Artificial Intelligence, list the three domains of AI,
and the data that is used in these domains.
Answer: Artificial Intelligence (AI) refers to any technique that enables computers to
mimic human intelligence i.e., make decisions, predict the future, learn and improve on its
own. Concerning the type of data fed in the AI model, AI models can be broadly
categorised into three domains:
 Data Science – Data Science takes input in the form of numeric and alphanumeric data.
 Computer Vision – Computer Vision takes input in the form of images and videos.
 Natural Language Processing – Natural Language Processing takes input in the form
of text and speech.
14. The world is competitive nowadays. People face competition in even the tiniest
tasks and are expected to give their best at every point in time. When people are
unable to meet these expectations, they get stressed and could even go into
depression. We get to hear a lot of cases where people are depressed due to reasons
like peer pressure, studies, family issues, relationships, etc., and they eventually get
into something bad for them as well as for others.
So, to overcome this, Cognitive Behavioural Therapy (CBT) is one of the best
methods to address stress as it is easy to implement for people and gives good results.
This therapy includes understanding the behaviour and mindset of a person in their
normal life. With the help of CBT, therapists help people overcome their stress and
live a happy life. For the situation given above,
1. Write the problem statement template
2. List any two sources from which data can be collected.
3. How do we explore the data?
Answer:
1. The problem statement template for the given scenario would be
2. Data can be collected from one of the following sources:
a. surveys
b. observing therapist’s sessions
c. databases available on the internet
d. interviews
3. Once the textual data has been collected, it needs to be processed and cleaned so that an
easier version can be sent to the machine. Thus, the text is normalised through various
steps and is lowered to minimum vocabulary since the machine does not require
grammatically correct statements but the essence of it.
15. Create a 4W Project Canvas for the following.
As more and more new technologies get into play, risks will get more concentrated
into a common network. Cybersecurity becomes extremely complicated in such
scenarios and goes beyond the control of firewalls. It will not be able to detect
unusual activity and patterns including the movement of data.
Think how AI algorithms can scrape through vast amounts of logs to identify
susceptible user behaviour. Use an AI project cycle to clearly identify the scope, how
you will collect data, model and evaluation parameters.
Answer:
Revisiting AI Project Cycle
Class 10 MCQ
1. What is the purpose of defining the problem statement during the Problem
Scoping stage in an AI project cycle?
a. To collect data
b. To understand the aim and objective of the project
c. To train the model
d. To process data
Answer:b. To understand the aim and objective of the project
2. In what ways can AI models be categorized based on the type of data fed into
them?
a. Two domains
b. Four domains
c. Three domains
d. Five domains
Answer:c. Three domains
3. In Statistical Data, what is the primary function of the system in relation to data?
a. Generating large datasets
b. Analyzing data to extract insights
c. Converting data into images
d. Distributing data across networks
Answer:b. Analyzing data to extract insights
4. What is the main goal of Computer Vision projects?
a. Translating audio data into visual descriptions
b. Converting digital data into analogue signals
c. Teaching machines to understand textual information
d. Converting digital visual data into computer-readable language
Answer:d. Converting digital visual data into computer-readable language
5. What is the primary focus of NLP?
a. Analyzing computer languages
b. Interacting between computers and humans using artificial language
c. Dealing with the interaction between computers and humans using natural language
d. Enhancing human-to-human communication
Answer:c. Dealing with the interaction between computers and humans using natural
language
6. What do frameworks provide in the context of problem-solving?
a. Random solutions
b. Step-by-step guidance
c. Legal advice
d. Ethical justifications
Answer:b. Step-by-step guidance
7. How are Ethical Frameworks for AI categorized?
a. Into legal and illegal frameworks
b. Into sector-based and value-based frameworks
c. Into historical and contemporary frameworks
d. Into theoretical and practical frameworks
Answer:b. Into sector-based and value-based frameworks
8. What is the central focus of virtue-based value-based frameworks?
a. Maximizing utility
b. Protecting human rights
c. Aligning actions with ethical principles and beliefs
d. Ensuring compliance with legal regulations
Answer:c. Aligning actions with ethical principles and beliefs
9. Which of the following best describes rights-based value-based frameworks?
a. Prioritizing human rights and dignity, valuing human life over other considerations
b. Evaluating actions based on maximizing overall good and minimizing harm
c. Centering on the character of the decision-maker and the alignment of actions with
personal or societal virtues
d. Focusing on achieving outcomes that offer the greatest benefit
Answer: a. Prioritizing human rights and dignity, valuing human life over other
considerations
10. What is the primary domain of application for Bioethics?
a. Agriculture
b. Healthcare and life sciences
c. Information technology
d. Environmental conservation
Answer: b. Healthcare and life sciences
11. Assertion: Ethics provide guidance in distinguishing right from wrong.
Reasoning: Ethics consist of a set of values and morals that aid individuals in making
moral judgments and decisions.
a. Both Assertion and Reasoning are true, and Reasoning is the correct explanation of the
Assertion.
b. Assertion is true, but Reasoning is false.
c. Both Assertion and Reasoning are true, but Reasoning is not the correct explanation of
the Assertion.
d. Assertion is false, but Reasoning is true.
Answer:a. Both Assertion and Reasoning are true, and Reasoning is the correct
explanation of the Assertion.
12. Assertion: Value-based frameworks in ethics provide guidance by focusing on
fundamental ethical principles and values.
Reasoning: These frame work effects different moral philosophies guiding ethical
reasoning and are concerned with assessing the moral worth of actions.
a. Both Assertion and Reasoning are true, and Reasoning is the correct explanation of the
Assertion.
b. Assertion is true, but Reasoning is false.
c. Both Assertion and Reasoning are true, but Reasoning is not the correct explanation of
the Assertion.
d. Assertion is false, but Reasoning is true.
Answer:a. Both Assertion and Reasoning are true, and Reasoning is the correct
explanation of the Assertion.
1. The AI Project Cycle mainly has __.
a. 2 Stages
b. 3 Stages
c. 4 Stages
d. 5 Stages
Answer:d. 5 Stages
2. The _ is the first stage of the AI project cycle.
a. Problem Scoping
b. Data Acquisition
c. Data Exploration
d. Data Modelling
Answer:a. Problem Scoping
3. The _ is the fifth stage of the AI project cycle.
a. Problem Scoping
b. Data Evaluation
c. Data Exploration
d. Data Modelling
Answer:b. Data Evaluation
4. _ helps to acquire data for the project.
a. Problem Scoping
b. Data Acquisition
c. Data Exploration
d. Data Evaluation
Answer:b. Data Acquisition
5. Whenever we want an AI project to be able to predict an output, we need to _ it
first using data.
a. Analyze
b. Train
c. Explore
d. All of the above
Answer:b. Train
6. For better efficiency of an AI project, the _ needs to be relevant and authentic.
a. Testing Data
b. Training Data
c. Exploring Data
d. All of the above
Answer:b. Training Data
7. __ refer to the type of data you want to collect.
a. Data features
b. Exploring Data
c. Data Acquisition
d. All of the above
Answer: a. Data features
8. What are the different ways to collect data?
a. Web Scraping & API
b. Surveys & Sensors
c. Cameras & Observations
d. All of the above
Answer: d. All of the above
9. Sometimes, you use the internet and try to acquire data for your project from some
random websites. Such data might not be authentic as its accuracy cannot be proved.
Due to this, it becomes necessary to find a __.
a. Reliable source
b. Random source
c. Unauthorized source
d. All the above
Answer a. Reliable source
10. What do you mean by problem scoping?
a. Creating an algorithm to solve a problem
b. Proper solution of a problem
c. Recognizing a problem and having a plan to address it.
d. analyzing the trends in the collected data sets
Answer: c. Recognizing a problem and having a plan to address it.
11. Once the __ is complete, you now need to test your model on some newly fetched
data.
a. Data Acquisition
b. Modelling
c. Data Mining
d. None of the above
Answer: b. Modelling
12. What is the Problem Statement Template, exactly?
a. Data set that was compiled to identify the essential components of a problem
b. The template summarizes each card in the 4Ws Problem Canvas
c. The template offers the data set’s prediction.
d. None of the above
Answer: b. The template summarizes each card in the 4Ws Problem Canvas
13. Which of the following is not a reliable source for acquiring data?
a. System Hacking
b. Surveys
c. Website
d. None of the above
Answer: a. System Hacking
14. What are the various parameters that affect the problem in project cycle?
a. You need to acquire data which will become the base of your project
b. You go for data acquisition by collecting data from various reliable and authentic
sources.
c. After exploring the patterns, you can decide upon the type of model you would build to
achieve the goal.
d. All the above
Answer: d. All of the above
15. Whenever we want an AI project to be able to predict an output, we need to _ it
first using data.
a. Analyze
b. Train
c. Explore
d. All of the above
Answer: a) Analyze
16. You would feed the data into the machine. This is the data with which the
machine can be trained. Now, once it is ready, it will predict his next data efficiently.
This previous data is known as _.
a. Testing Data
b. Training Data
c. Exploring Data
d. All of the above
Answer: b. Training Data
17. __ is a simple file format that stores data separated by commas.
a. jpg
b. doc
c. csv
d. png
Answer: c. csv
18. Identify the incorrect statements from the following :
i) AI models can be broadly categorized into four domains.
ii) Data sciences is one of the domain of AI model.
iii) Price comparison websites are examples of data science.
iv) The information extracted through data science can be used to make decision about it.
a. Only iv)
b. iii) and iv)
c. Only (i)
d. ii) and (iii)
Answer:a. Only iv)
19. Which of the following is an application of data science?
a. Text summarization
b. Target Advertisements
c. Face lock in smartphones
d. Email filters
Answer:b. Target Advertisements
20. Expand CBT_______________
a. Computer Behaved Training
b. Cognitive Behavioural Therapy
c. Consolidated Batch of trainers
d. Combined Basic Training
Answer: b. Cognitive Behavioural Therapy
21. 4Ws Problem Canvas is a part of :
a. Problem Scoping
b. Data Acquisition
c. Modelling
d. Evaluation
Answer: a. Problem Scoping