st
Array 1 part
Rakib Mahmud
11/10/24 1
Scalar Variables versus Aggregate
Variables
• So far, the only variables we’ve seen are scalar: capable of
holding a single data item.
• C also supports aggregate variables, which can store
collections of values.
• There are two kinds of aggregates in C: arrays and structures.
11/10/24 2
Introduction
• Int roll1, roll2, roll3,…..,roll45 => int roll[45]
• An array is a data structure containing a number of data values,
all of which have the same type.
• The simplest kind of array has just one dimension.
• The elements of a one-dimensional array a are conceptually
arranged one after another in a single row (or column):
11/10/24 3
Defining Arrays
• When defining arrays, specify
• Name
• Type of array (Array can be defined over any type)
• Number of elements which is array size.
arrayType arrayName[ numberOfElements ];
• Examples:
float grade[ 7 ];
int c[ 10 ];
• Defining multiple arrays of same type
• Example:
int b[ 100 ], x[ 27 ];
11/10/24 4
Array Initialization
• int roll[5];
• It means roll[0], roll[1], roll[2], roll[3], roll[4]
• 0, 1, 2, 3, 4 these are indexes
• Initialization array during
declaration:
• roll[0] = 8
• roll[1] = 9
• int roll[5] = {8, 9, 7, 10, 6}
• roll[2] =7 • int roll[ ] = {8, 9, 7, 10, 6}
• roll[3] =10 roll[0] roll[1] roll[2] roll[3] roll[4]
• roll [4] =6 8 9 7 10 6
11/10/24 5
Why array index starts from zero
• int ara1[ ] = { 1, 2, 3, 4, 5};
• Elements in the array are stored in consecutive memory
locations.
• ara1 represent base address (1000)
• If we want to find address of another element = Base Address +
Positionindex
* Data type size;Address Values
0 1000 1
1 1004 2
2 1008 3
3 1012 4
4 1016 5
11/10/24 6
Printing an array
• int roll[5] = {8, 9, 7, 10, 6}
• We want to show this output: 8, 9,10, 7, 6
roll[0] roll[1] roll[2] roll[3] roll[4]
8 9 7 10 6
printf(“%d\n”,roll[0]); for(int i=0;i<=4;i++)
printf(“%d\n”,roll[1]);
printf(“%d\n”,roll[2]);
{
printf(“%d\n”,roll[3]); printf(“%d\n”,roll[i]);
printf(“%d\n”,roll[4]); }
These values, known as elements, can be individually selected by
their position within the array.
11/10/24 7
Getting user input
• int roll[5] = {8, 9, 7, 10, 6}
roll[0] roll[1] roll[2] roll[3] roll[4] roll[0] roll[1] roll[2] roll[3] roll[4]
8 9 7 10 6
scanf(“%d”,&roll[0]);
scanf(“%d”,&roll[1]); for(int i=0;i<=4;i++)
{
scanf(“%d”,&roll[2]);
scanf(“%d”,&roll[i]);
scanf(“%d”,&roll[3]);
}
scanf(“%d”,&roll[4]);
11/10/24 8
Types of Array
• Array can of following types:
1. One dimensional (1-D) arrays or Linear arrays.
• Example:
• int roll[5];
2. Multi dimensional arrays
1. Two dimensional (2-D) arrays or Matrix arrays. Example:
• int roll[2][3];
2. Three dimensional arrays. Example:
• int marks[2][3][2];
11/10/24 9
C Program to Find Sum of 1D Array
(when array size is known)
11/10/24 10
C Program to Find Sum of 1D Array
(when array size is unknown)
11/10/24 11
C Program to Find Maximum of an Array
11/10/24 12
C Program to Find Minimum of an Array
11/10/24 13
C Program to Make Fibonacci Series
Using Array
11/10/24 14
Searching a number in array
• The searching algorithm searches for the specified element in
the given list.
• Binary search and Linear search are the commonly used
searching algorithm.
• The linear search is the algorithm of choice for short lists,
because it’s simple and requires minimal code to implement.
11/10/24 15
Linear Search
• int num[ ] = { 1, 2, 7, 5, 4, 9 }
• Search the value 5
• If the item found?
• If yes then what’s the position?
• Ans: Yes, 4th position.
11/10/24 16
C Program to Perform Linear Search
11/10/24 17
Copy All the Elements of One Array to
Another Array
• Input:
• First Array: ara1[5] = {3, 6, 9, 2, 5}
• Output:
• First Array : ara1[5] = {3, 6, 9, 2, 5}
• Second Array : ara2[5] = {3, 6, 9, 2, 5}
11/10/24 18
C Program to Copy All the Elements of
One Array to Another Array
11/10/24 19
Thank
You
11/10/24 20
