Here are 100 Anki flashcards specifically focusing on the content related to Unit 4

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"Question","Answer"
"What significant event occurred in 1437/8 involving Zara-Yaqob?","He wrote a
friendly letter to Sultan Barsbay requesting the protection of Christians in
Egypt."
"What did Patriarch Yohannes XI inform Zara-Yaqob three years after his letter to
Sultan Barsbay?","He stated the demolition of the famous church of Mitmaq (Debre-
Mitmaq)."
"What was Sultan Jaqmaq's response to Zara-Yaqob's envoy regarding the
reconstruction of the church?","He sent complimentary gifts but rejected the
reconstruction request."
"What primary sources documented the Oromo population movement in the sixteenth
century?","Aba Bahrey’s Amharic script."
"When was the document written that provides firsthand information about the Oromo
population movement?","In 1593."
"Who led a Yemeni delegation to the court of Fasiledes in 1647?","Al-Haymi."
"What role did missionaries play in Ethiopian historiography?","Their contributions
were significant in documenting historical events."
"What were court scribes and clergymen responsible for in Ethiopian history?","They
were entrusted with writing chronicles by kings or their successors."
"What are the names of the first and last chronicles documented in Ethiopian
history?","The Glorious Victories of Amde-Tsion and the Chronicle of Abeto Iyasu
and Empress Zewditu."
"What unique features do Ethiopian chronicles have?","They incorporate both legends
and facts along with a strong chronological framework."
"What major reforms did Iyasu I introduce during his reign?","Restoration of the
Orthodox Church as the state religion and a revised land tenure system."
"What was the fate of Iyasu the Great?","He was assassinated by a faction led by
his own son, Tekle-Haymanot."
"Who was August Dillman and what did he publish in the 19th century?","He published
two studies on ancient Ethiopian history and demonstrated objectivity in his
research."
"What literary change occurred in early twentieth-century Ethiopia?","The emergence
of traditional Ethiopian writers who criticized chroniclers for their adulatory
tone."
"What type of accounts did Al-Masudi and Ibn Battuta provide regarding
Ethiopia?","Descriptions of the culture, language, and import-export trade."
"What was the significance of the document Futuh al Habesha?","It recorded the
conflict between the Christian kingdom and the Muslim principalities in the
sixteenth century."
"Who was Imam Ahmed ibn Ibrahim al-Ghazi, and what was he known as?","He was a
leader who took over after Emir Mahfuz's death, popularly known as Ahmed Gragn or
'the left-handed'."
"What characterized the successors of Ba'ede-Mariam in relation to Muslim
sultanates?","They proved weak in dealing with the rulers of Muslim Sultanates."
"Who attempted to harmonize relations with the Christian Kingdom during their
turmoil?","Mohammad ibn Azhar ad-Din (1488-1518)."
"What significant military action did Emir Mahfuz undertake during the
conflicts?","He carried out effective military campaigns into the Ethiopian
highlands."
"Who was Emperor Lebne-Dengel and what was his timeline?","He reigned from 1508-
1540 and faced significant conflicts with Muslim principalities."
"What resulted from the imprisonment of Patriarch Marqos by the Egyptian
Sultan?","Sayfa-Arad mobilized a huge army against Egypt leading to his release."
"What was the relationship between King Dawit and the Egyptian Sultan?","They
established harmonious relations with exchanges of gifts and messages."
"Who were some of the key figures that noted interactions between the Ethiopian and
foreign leaders?","Negus Sahle-Selassie and British Captain W. Harris."
"What aspects of Ethiopian history do travel documents often cover?","Religious and
political developments within Ethiopia."
"What period did chroniclers primarily document in relation to major
events?","Events around the imperial residence, primarily in religious terms."
"What limitations are associated with chronicles in Ethiopian history?","They offer
little insight into social and economic developments."
"What does hagiography focus on in the context of Ethiopian history?","The lives of
saints and important religious figures."
"What were the most significant battles fought against foreign aggressors in
Ethiopian history?","The Battle of Dabarki and the Battle of Adwa."
"What does the acronym Derg stand for in the context of Ethiopian history?","It
stands for the Coordinating Committee of representatives from various military
units."
"What economic initiatives did the Ethiopian government undertake during the Derg
regime?","Five-year plans focusing on infrastructure, mining, and agricultural
development."
"What were the outcomes associated with the Derg’s first Five-Year Plan?","Targeted
the development of infrastructure."
"What innovative agricultural projects emerged during the Second Five-Year
Plan?","Focusing on mining, manufacturing, and electricity."
"What did Emperor Tewodros II aim for with his correspondence to Queen
Victoria?","He sought assistance against foreign threats."
"How did the Scandinavian countries influence agricultural development in
Ethiopia?","Through initiating programs such as CADU and WADU."
"What themes did Ethiopian literature explore during the 20th century?","Struggles
against oppression, identity, and cultural preservation."
"What was the Derg's motto and how did it reflect their ideology?","“Ethiopia
Tikdem” which means "Ethiopia First"."
"Who succeeded Emperor Haile Selassie after his deposition?","Major Mengistu Haile
Mariam became a key figure in the Derg."
"What structural changes took place within the Ethiopian military during the Derg
period?","The formation of committees and increased military influence on
governance."
"What type of farming system was prioritized during agricultural developments in
Ethiopia?","The integration of cash crops and subsistence farming."
"What was the role of the Ethiopian Orthodox Church during the Ethiopian
renaissance?","It was central to cultural and religious life and aided in recording
history."
"What impact did urbanization have on Ethiopian society in the late 20th
century?","Resulted in demographic shifts and changes in social dynamics."
"What was a key characteristic of the Derg’s economic policies?","Collectivization
of agriculture and state control over resources."
"What competition did the Ethiopian Orthodox Church face during its history?","The
rise of Protestant movements and Islamic influence."
"What was a significant feature of Ethiopian architecture during the Gondarine
period?","The construction of castles and religious structures with unique
designs."
“What was the connection between the Ethiopian military and post-World War II
politics?","Increased military influence on national governance and direction."
"What important historical records were maintained by the church?","Hagiographies
and chronicles detailing religious life and events."
"What was one factor that led to the fall of Emperor Haile Selassie's
regime?","Increased political dissatisfaction and economic hardships faced by the
populace."
"What challenges did the Derg face during its governance?","Economic difficulties
and resistance from various ethnic groups."
"What major earthquake occurred during the reign of Emperor Tewodros II?","The one
that caused significant damage to the fabric of society and governance."
"What event is often marked as the beginning of significant social change in
Ethiopia?","The revolution that overthrew Haile Selassie."
"What approach did Derg employ towards dissent and opposition?","Suppression
through imprisonment and intimidation."
"What impact did Emperor Menelik II have on Ethiopia’s political landscape?","He
successfully unified various regions and modernized the military."
"What trend was observed during the late 20th century regarding urban
migration?","Increased migration from rural areas to urban centers."
"What were the primary outcomes of the agricultural reforms instituted by the
Derg?","Attempted improvements in productivity but often resulted in
inefficiencies."
"What was the significance of the Derg’s propaganda campaigns?","Aim to marginalize
the previous regimes and promote revolutionary ideology."
"What historical documents provide insight into the Christian-Muslim dynamics in
Ethiopia?","Chronicles, travel accounts, and missionary writings."
"What influence did the Italian invasion have on Ethiopian literature and
art?","Inspired themes of resistance and national identity within creative works."
"What key developments in Ethiopian education occurred in the 20th
century?","Increased access to literacy and formal education systems."
"What marked the end of the feudal system in Ethiopia?","The land reforms initiated
by the Derg government."
"What was the role of the Ethiopian Orthodox Church in preserving historical
narratives?","Managed extensive manuscript collections detailing religious and
royal histories."
"What characterizes Ethiopian nationalism in the late 20th century?","Resurgence of
cultural pride and resistance against foreign and domestic oppression."
"What was a consequence of the cultural exchanges between Muslims and Christians in
Ethiopia?","A unique blending of traditions and cultural practices."
"What actions did Emperor Tewodros II take towards European states?","Attempted to
establish diplomatic relations but faced isolation."
"What were some historical limitations of the Ethiopian chroniclers?","Focus on
religious narratives at the expense of documenting social economic issues."
"What adaptations did Ethiopian governance undergo during the Derg's
tenure?","Centralization of power and establishment of state control over various
sectors."
"What were traditional Ethiopian agricultural practices like before
modernization?","They combined subsistence farming with livestock herding."
"What was Derg's approach to foreign relations?","Mostly aligned with socialist
regimes."
"What role did oral history play in Ethiopian societies?","It was vital for
preserving cultural heritage and communal histories."
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