27/06/2025, 20:30 Array.prototype.

push() - JavaScript | MDN

Array.prototype.push()
Baseline Widely available
The push() method of Array instances adds the specified elements to the end of
an array and returns the new length of the array.

Try it
JavaScript Demo: Array.prototype.push()
1 const animals = ["pigs", "goats", "sheep"];
2
3 const count = animals.push("cows");
4 console.log(count);
5 // Expected output: 4
6 console.log(animals);
7 // Expected output: Array ["pigs", "goats", "sheep", "cows"]
8
9 animals.push("chickens", "cats", "dogs");
10 console.log(animals);
11 // Expected output: Array ["pigs", "goats", "sheep", "cows", "chickens",
"cats", "dogs"]
12

Run
Reset

Syntax
JS

https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Reference/Global_Objects/Array/push 1/6
27/06/2025, 20:30 Array.prototype.push() - JavaScript | MDN

push()
push(element1)
push(element1, element2)
push(element1, element2, /* …, */ elementN)

Parameters
element1 , …, elementN
The element(s) to add to the end of the array.
Return value
The new length property of the object upon which the method was called.

Description
The push() method appends values to an array.
Array.prototype.unshift() has similar behavior to push() , but applied to the start
of an array.
The push() method is a mutating method. It changes the length and the content
of this . In case you want the value of this to be the same, but return a new
array with elements appended to the end, you can use arr.concat([element0,
element1, /* ... ,*/ elementN]) instead. Notice that the elements are wrapped in

an extra array — otherwise, if the element is an array itself, it would be spread

instead of pushed as a single element due to the behavior of concat() .
The push() method is generic. It only expects the this value to have a length
property and integer-keyed properties. Although strings are also array-like, this
method is not suitable to be applied on them, as strings are immutable.

Examples
Adding elements to an array
https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Reference/Global_Objects/Array/push 2/6
27/06/2025, 20:30 Array.prototype.push() - JavaScript | MDN

The following code creates the sports array containing two elements, then
appends two elements to it. The total variable contains the new length of the
array.
JS

const sports = ["soccer", "baseball"];

const total = sports.push("football", "swimming");

console.log(sports); // ['soccer', 'baseball', 'football', 'swimming']

console.log(total); // 4

Merging two arrays

This example uses spread syntax to push all elements from a second array into
the first one.
JS

const vegetables = ["parsnip", "potato"];

const moreVegs = ["celery", "beetroot"];

// Merge the second array into the first one

vegetables.push(...moreVegs);

console.log(vegetables); // ['parsnip', 'potato', 'celery', 'beetroot']

Merging two arrays can also be done with the concat() method.
Calling push() on non-array objects
The push() method reads the length property of this . It then sets each index of
this starting at length with the arguments passed to push() . Finally, it sets the

length to the previous length plus the number of pushed elements.

JS

const arrayLike = {
length: 3,
unrelated: "foo",
2: 4,
};
Array.prototype.push.call(arrayLike, 1, 2);
https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Reference/Global_Objects/Array/push 3/6
27/06/2025, 20:30 Array.prototype.push() - JavaScript | MDN

console.log(arrayLike);
// { '2': 4, '3': 1, '4': 2, length: 5, unrelated: 'foo' }

const plainObj = {};

// There's no length property, so the length is 0
Array.prototype.push.call(plainObj, 1, 2);
console.log(plainObj);
// { '0': 1, '1': 2, length: 2 }

Using an object in an array-like fashion

As mentioned above, push is intentionally generic, and we can use that to our
advantage. Array.prototype.push can work on an object just fine, as this example
shows.
Note that we don't create an array to store a collection of objects. Instead, we
store the collection on the object itself and use call on Array.prototype.push to
trick the method into thinking we are dealing with an array—and it just works,
thanks to the way JavaScript allows us to establish the execution context in any
way we want.
JS

const obj = {
length: 0,

addElem(elem) {
// obj.length is automatically incremented
// every time an element is added.
[].push.call(this, elem);
},
};

// Let's add some empty objects just to illustrate.

obj.addElem({});
obj.addElem({});
console.log(obj.length); // 2

Note that although obj is not an array, the method push successfully incremented
obj 's length property just like if we were dealing with an actual array.

https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Reference/Global_Objects/Array/push 4/6
 Specifications
27/06/2025, 20:30 Array.prototype.push() - JavaScript | MDN

Specification
ECMAScript® 2026 Language Specification
# sec-array.prototype.push

Browser compatibility
Report problems with this compatibility data • View data on GitHub

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Tip: you can click/tap on a cell for more information.

Full support

See also
Polyfill of Array.prototype.push in core-js with fixes of this method
es-shims polyfill of Array.prototype.push
Indexed collections guide
Array

Array.prototype.pop()

Array.prototype.shift()

Array.prototype.unshift()

Array.prototype.concat()

Array.prototype.splice()

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