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Dependency Injection

The document covers the fundamentals of Dependency Injection (DI) in Spring, explaining its importance for managing object dependencies and improving code maintainability. It details various methods for injecting dependencies, the role of the Spring IoC container, and how to configure beans using annotations or programmatically. Additionally, it discusses lazy initialization, bean scopes, and lifecycle methods for managing Spring beans.

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Laith Qasem
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46 views2 pages

Dependency Injection

The document covers the fundamentals of Dependency Injection (DI) in Spring, explaining its importance for managing object dependencies and improving code maintainability. It details various methods for injecting dependencies, the role of the Spring IoC container, and how to configure beans using annotations or programmatically. Additionally, it discusses lazy initialization, bean scopes, and lifecycle methods for managing Spring beans.

Uploaded by

Laith Qasem
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Spring Boot Essentials: Mastering the Fundamentals

Dependency Injection in Spring


In this section, we explored Dependency Injection (DI), a core concept in Spring that
helps manage object dependencies ef ciently. We learned how Spring creates and
injects objects, eliminating the need for manual object creation and improving code
maintainability and testability.

1. What is Dependency Injection?


• Dependency Injection (DI) is a design pattern that allows objects to receive their
dependencies from an external source rather than creating them internally.
• DI makes applications more modular, testable, and maintainable by decoupling
object creation from business logic.

2. Ways to Inject Dependencies


There are multiple ways to inject dependencies in Spring:
• Constructor Injection (Recommended): Dependencies are passed through the
class constructor and assigned to elds.
• Setter Injection: Dependencies are injected via setter methods after the object is
created. Useful when dependencies are optional or need to be changed at runtime.

3. The Spring IoC Container


• The Inversion of Control (IoC) container is responsible for managing the lifecycle
of beans (Spring-managed objects).
• When an application starts, the IoC container creates, con gures, and injects
dependencies into beans automatically.
• Beans are stored in the ApplicationContext, allowing them to be retrieved and
reused throughout the application.

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Spring Boot Essentials: Mastering the Fundamentals

4. Con guring Beans in Spring


There are two ways to con gure beans in Spring:
• Using Annotations: We can de ne beans using @Component, @Service,
@Repository, and @Controller.
• Programmatically: We can manually con gure beans using Java-based
con guration with @Bean inside a @Configuration class. This provides more
ne-grained control over bean creation.
• When multiple beans of the same type exist, we can specify which one to use with
@Primary or @Qualifier.

5. Lazy Initialization
• By default, Spring eagerly initializes beans when the application starts.
• We can enable lazy initialization using @Lazy, which defers bean creation until it is
rst needed, improving startup time in some cases.

6. Bean Scopes
• Spring beans can have different scopes, determining how they are managed:
• Singleton (default): A single instance is created and shared across the
application.
• Prototype: A new instance is created each time it’s requested.
• Request, Session, and Application Scopes: Used in web applications to
manage beans within HTTP request lifecycles.

7. Bean Lifecycle Methods


• Spring provides lifecycle hooks that allow us to execute code when a bean is
created or destroyed.
• We can de ne these methods using:
• @PostConstruct (executed after bean initialization).
• @PreDestroy (executed before the bean is destroyed).

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