Section 1: Natural Resources & Ecosystems
1. Which of the following is a renewable resource?
a) Coal
b) Petroleum
c) Solar energy
d) Natural gas
Answer: c) Solar energy
2. The process by which plants make their food is called:
a) Respiration
b) Photosynthesis
c) Transpiration
d) Decomposition
Answer: b) Photosynthesis
3. Which of the following is a greenhouse gas?
a) Oxygen
b) Nitrogen
c) Carbon dioxide
d) Argon
Answer: c) Carbon dioxide
4. The term "biodiversity" refers to:
a) Variety of life on Earth
b) Only plant species
c) Only animal species
d) Only marine life
Answer: a) Variety of life on Earth
5. Which of the following is an example of an abiotic component?
a) Trees
b) Rocks
c) Birds
d) Fish
Answer: b) Rocks
6. The main cause of ozone layer depletion is:
a) CO₂ emissions
b) CFCs (Chlorofluorocarbons)
c) Methane
d) Nitrogen oxides
Answer: b) CFCs
7. Which of the following is a keystone species in an ecosystem?
a) Tiger
b) Honeybee
c) Earthworm
d) Grasshopper
Answer: b) Honeybee
8. The largest reservoir of fresh water on Earth is:
a) Rivers
b) Groundwater
c) Glaciers & Ice caps
d) Lakes
Answer: c) Glaciers & Ice caps
9. Which gas is most abundant in the Earth's atmosphere?
a) Oxygen
b) Carbon dioxide
c) Nitrogen
d) Argon
Answer: c) Nitrogen
10. The Chipko Movement was associated with:
a) Water conservation
b) Forest conservation
c) Wildlife protection
d) Air pollution control
Answer: b) Forest conservation
Section 2: Pollution & Its Effects
11. Which pollutant is the main cause of acid rain?
a) Carbon monoxide
b) Sulphur dioxide
c) Nitrogen oxide
d) Both b & c
Answer: d) Both b & c
12. The "Minamata disease" is caused by the pollution of:
a) Mercury
b) Lead
c) Arsenic
d) Cadmium
Answer: a) Mercury
13. Which of the following is a non-biodegradable waste?
a) Vegetable peels
b) Plastic bags
c) Paper
d) Cow dung
Answer: b) Plastic bags
14. The main source of noise pollution is:
a) Industrial activities
b) Loudspeakers
c) Traffic
d) All of the above
Answer: d) All of the above
15. Eutrophication is caused by excess of:
a) Fertilizers in water
b) Industrial waste
c) Oil spills
d) Plastic waste
Answer: a) Fertilizers in water
16. Which of the following diseases is caused by air pollution?
a) Cholera
b) Asthma
c) Typhoid
d) Malaria
Answer: b) Asthma
17. The "Jharia coal mines" are infamous for:
a) Land degradation
b) Underground fires
c) Water pollution
d) Deforestation
Answer: b) Underground fires
18. Which of the following is a major cause of water pollution?
a) Afforestation
b) Industrial discharge
c) Rainwater harvesting
d) Organic farming
Answer: b) Industrial discharge
19. The "Silent Spring" book is related to:
a) Air pollution
b) Water pollution
c) Pesticide pollution
d) Noise pollution
Answer: c) Pesticide pollution
20. The "3 R's" to save the environment are:
a) Reduce, Reuse, Recycle
b) Read, Write, Recycle
c) Reduce, Rebuild, Reuse
d) Reuse, Rebuild, Recycle
Answer: a) Reduce, Reuse, Recycle
Section 3: Conservation & Sustainable Development
21. Project Tiger was launched in which year?
a) 1973
b) 1985
c) 1991
d) 2002
Answer: a) 1973
22. Which of the following is a sustainable practice?
a) Overfishing
b) Deforestation
c) Rainwater harvesting
d) Excessive use of fertilizers
Answer: c) Rainwater harvesting
23. The "Red Data Book" contains information about:
a) Endangered species
b) Air pollution levels
c) Water resources
d) Fossil fuels
Answer: a) Endangered species
24. Which Indian state has the highest forest cover?
a) Punjab
b) Madhya Pradesh
c) Rajasthan
d) Haryana
Answer: b) Madhya Pradesh
25. The "Montreal Protocol" is related to:
a) Climate change
b) Ozone layer protection
c) Wildlife conservation
d) Water conservation
Answer: b) Ozone layer protection
(Continued in next part due to space constraints...)
Would you like me to provide the remaining 45 questions in the next part? Let me know if you need
any modifications or additional topics!
yes
Here’s the remaining part of the 70 MCQs on Environment (Class 10 level) for Indian competitive
and state board exams:
Section 4: Climate Change & Global Warming
26. The main cause of global warming is the increase in:
a) Oxygen levels
b) Greenhouse gases
c) Nitrogen levels
d) Water vapor
Answer: b) Greenhouse gases
27. Which of the following is NOT a consequence of climate change?
a) Rising sea levels
b) Increased rainfall everywhere
c) Melting glaciers
d) Extreme weather events
Answer: b) Increased rainfall everywhere
28. The "Paris Agreement" aims to limit global temperature rise to:
a) 1°C above pre-industrial levels
b) 1.5°C above pre-industrial levels
c) 2.5°C above pre-industrial levels
d) 3°C above pre-industrial levels
Answer: b) 1.5°C above pre-industrial levels
29. Which country is the largest emitter of CO₂?
a) India
b) USA
c) China
d) Russia
Answer: c) China
30. The "Kyoto Protocol" was related to:
a) Biodiversity conservation
b) Reducing greenhouse gas emissions
c) Plastic waste management
d) Ozone layer protection
Answer: b) Reducing greenhouse gas emissions
Section 5: Waste Management & Sustainability
31. Which of the following is a method of solid waste management?
a) Incineration
b) Deforestation
c) Overgrazing
d) Mining
Answer: a) Incineration
32. The "Swachh Bharat Abhiyan" was launched in:
a) 2012
b) 2014
c) 2016
d) 2018
Answer: b) 2014
33. Biogas is mainly composed of:
a) Oxygen
b) Methane
c) Nitrogen
d) Carbon monoxide
Answer: b) Methane
34. Which of the following is an example of e-waste?
a) Vegetable peels
b) Plastic bottles
c) Mobile phones
d) Paper
Answer: c) Mobile phones
35. The term "Sustainable Development" was popularized by:
a) Brundtland Report (1987)
b) Kyoto Protocol (1997)
c) Paris Agreement (2015)
d) Montreal Protocol (1987)
Answer: a) Brundtland Report (1987)
Section 6: Indian Environmental Movements & Policies
36. The "Narmada Bachao Andolan" was led by:
a) Sunderlal Bahuguna
b) Medha Patkar
c) Rajendra Singh
d) Vandana Shiva
Answer: b) Medha Patkar
37. The "Wildlife Protection Act" was enacted in:
a) 1972
b) 1980
c) 1992
d) 2002
Answer: a) 1972
38. Which Indian state is known for the "Appiko Movement"?
a) Kerala
b) Karnataka
c) Tamil Nadu
d) Maharashtra
Answer: b) Karnataka
39. The "Ganga Action Plan" was launched in:
a) 1985
b) 1995
c) 2005
d) 2015
Answer: a) 1985
40. The "National Green Tribunal (NGT)" was established in:
a) 2000
b) 2010
c) 2015
d) 2020
Answer: b) 2010
Section 7: Water Resources & Conservation
41. The largest artificial lake in India is:
a) Dal Lake
b) Chilika Lake
c) Govind Ballabh Pant Sagar (Rihand Dam)
d) Wular Lake
Answer: c) Govind Ballabh Pant Sagar (Rihand Dam)
42. Which of the following is a traditional water harvesting method in Rajasthan?
a) Johad
b) Kul
c) Eri
d) Zabo
Answer: a) Johad
43. The "Tehri Dam" is built on which river?
a) Yamuna
b) Ganga
c) Bhagirathi
d) Alaknanda
Answer: c) Bhagirathi
44. Which state in India has the highest number of dams?
a) Tamil Nadu
b) Maharashtra
c) Gujarat
d) Madhya Pradesh
Answer: b) Maharashtra
45. The "Sardar Sarovar Dam" is located on which river?
a) Godavari
b) Krishna
c) Narmada
d) Kaveri
Answer: c) Narmada
Section 8: Energy Resources
46. Which of the following is a non-renewable energy source?
a) Solar energy
b) Wind energy
c) Coal
d) Hydropower
Answer: c) Coal
47. India’s largest solar power plant is located in:
a) Bhadla (Rajasthan)
b) Kutch (Gujarat)
c) Anantapur (Andhra Pradesh)
d) Jaisalmer (Rajasthan)
Answer: a) Bhadla (Rajasthan)
48. The "Kudankulam Nuclear Power Plant" is located in:
a) Tamil Nadu
b) Karnataka
c) Maharashtra
d) Gujarat
Answer: a) Tamil Nadu
49. Which of the following is NOT a fossil fuel?
a) Natural gas
b) Coal
c) Petroleum
d) Biomass
Answer: d) Biomass
50. The "National Solar Mission" aims to achieve how much solar power capacity by 2022?
a) 20 GW
b) 50 GW
c) 100 GW
d) 200 GW
Answer: c) 100 GW
Section 9: Miscellaneous (Important Facts)
51. The "Earth Day" is celebrated on:
a) April 22
b) June 5
c) March 21
d) December 2
Answer: a) April 22
52. The "World Environment Day" is celebrated on:
a) April 22
b) June 5
c) March 21
d) December 2
Answer: b) June 5
53. The "National Pollution Control Day" is observed on:
a) December 2
b) November 14
c) October 2
d) September 5
Answer: a) December 2
54. The "Chipko Movement" originated in which state?
a) Uttarakhand
b) Karnataka
c) Kerala
d) Maharashtra
Answer: a) Uttarakhand
55. The "Silent Valley Movement" was related to the conservation of:
a) Tigers
b) Forests
c) Wetlands
d) Coral reefs
Answer: b) Forests
Section 10: Advanced Environmental Concepts
56. The term "Carbon Footprint" refers to:
a) The amount of CO₂ absorbed by trees
b) The total greenhouse gases emitted by human activities
c) The carbon stored in fossil fuels
d) The carbon released by volcanoes
Answer: b) The total greenhouse gases emitted by human activities
57. Which of the following is a "Ramsar Site"?
a) Sundarbans
b) Chilika Lake
c) Jim Corbett National Park
d) Kaziranga National Park
Answer: b) Chilika Lake
58. The "Green Revolution" in India was mainly associated with:
a) Forest conservation
b) Agricultural productivity
c) Water conservation
d) Wildlife protection
Answer: b) Agricultural productivity
59. The "Tragedy of the Commons" refers to:
a) Overuse of shared resources
b) Conservation of forests
c) Sustainable farming
d) Pollution control
Answer: a) Overuse of shared resources
60. The "Ecological Pyramid" represents:
a) Energy flow in an ecosystem
b) Water cycle
c) Carbon cycle
d) Nitrogen cycle
Answer: a) Energy flow in an ecosystem
Final Section: Important Acts & Policies
61. The "Air (Prevention and Control of Pollution) Act" was passed in:
a) 1974
b) 1981
c) 1992
d) 2000
Answer: b) 1981
62. The "Water (Prevention and Control of Pollution) Act" was enacted in:
a) 1974
b) 1981
c) 1992
d) 2000
Answer: a) 1974
63. The "Environment Protection Act" was passed in:
a) 1972
b) 1986
c) 1992
d) 2000
Answer: b) 1986
64. The "National Forest Policy" aims to maintain forest cover at:
a) 20% of total land area
b) 25% of total land area
c) 33% of total land area
d) 50% of total land area
Answer: c) 33% of total land area
65. The "National Mission for Sustainable Agriculture (NMSA)" is part of:
a) National Action Plan on Climate Change (NAPCC)
b) Swachh Bharat Mission
c) Make in India
d) Digital India
Answer: a) National Action Plan on Climate Change (NAPCC)
Bonus: High-Order Thinking Questions (HOTs)
66. Which of the following is NOT a part of the "National Action Plan on Climate Change
(NAPCC)"?
a) National Solar Mission
b) National Water Mission
c) National Highway Mission
d) National Mission for Sustainable Agriculture
Answer: c) National Highway Mission
67. The "Great Indian Bustard" is critically endangered due to:
a) Habitat loss
b) Climate change
c) Overhunting
d) All of the above
Answer: d) All of the above
68. The "Himalayan Yew" is under threat due to:
a) Deforestation
b) Overharvesting for medicinal use
c) Climate change
d) All of the above
Answer: d) All of the above
69. The "Van Mahotsav" festival is celebrated to promote:
a) Tree plantation
b) Water conservation
c) Wildlife protection
d) Soil conservation
Answer: a) Tree plantation
70. The "National Biodiversity Authority (NBA)" is headquartered in:
a) New Delhi
b) Chennai
c) Bengaluru
d) Hyderabad
Answer: b) Chennai
