1.

Operators

public class BasicOperations {

public static void main(String[] args) {

int a = 10, b = 5;

System.out.println("Arithmetic Operations:");

System.out.println("a + b = " + (a + b));

System.out.println("a - b = " + (a - b));

System.out.println("a * b = " + (a * b));

System.out.println("a / b = " + (a / b));

System.out.println("a % b = " + (a % b));

System.out.println("\nRelational Operations:");

System.out.println("a == b: " + (a == b));

System.out.println("a != b: " + (a != b));

System.out.println("a > b: " + (a > b));

System.out.println("a < b: " + (a < b));

System.out.println("a >= b: " + (a >= b));

System.out.println("a <= b: " + (a <= b));

boolean x = true, y = false;

System.out.println("\nLogical Operations:");

System.out.println("x && y: " + (x && y));

System.out.println("x || y: " + (x || y));

System.out.println("!x: " + (!x));

System.out.println("\nBitwise Operations:");

System.out.println("a & b: " + (a & b));

System.out.println("a | b: " + (a | b));

System.out.println("a ^ b: " + (a ^ b));

System.out.println("~a: " + (~a));

int c = 10;

System.out.println("Initial c = " + c);

System.out.println("++c = " + (++c));

System.out.println("--c = " + (--c));

System.out.println("c++ = " + (c++));

System.out.println("c-- = " + (c--));

System.out.println("Final c = " + c);

System.out.println("\nTernary Operation:");

int max = (a > b) ? a : b;

System.out.println("Max of a and b is: " + max);

System.out.println("\nShift Operations:");

System.out.println("a << 1: " + (a << 1));

System.out.println("a >> 1: " + (a >> 1));

System.out.println("a >>> 1: " + (a >>> 1));

2a.Salary

import java.util.Scanner;

public class GrossSalaryCalculator {

public static void main(String[] args) {

Scanner scanner = new Scanner(System.in);

System.out.print("Enter Basic Salary (bs): ");

double bs = scanner.nextDouble();
 double hra = 0, da = 0, gs;

if (bs <= 10000) {

hra = 0.20 * bs;

da = 0.80 * bs;

} else if (bs <= 20000) {

hra = 0.25 * bs;

da = 0.90 * bs;

} else if (bs <= 30000) {

hra = 0.30 * bs;

da = 0.95 * bs;

} else {

System.out.println("This program supports basic salary up to ₹30000 only.");

scanner.close();

return;

gs = bs + hra + da;

System.out.println("Gross Salary: " + gs);

scanner.close();

2b.menudriven

import java.util.Scanner;

public class MenuDrivenProgram {

public static void main(String[] args) {

Scanner sc = new Scanner(System.in);

do {

System.out.println("\n----- MENU -----");

System.out.println("1. Factorial");

System.out.println("2. Prime or Not");

System.out.println("3. Even or Odd");

System.out.println("4. Exit");

System.out.print("Enter your choice (1-4): ");

choice = sc.nextInt();

switch (choice) {

case 1:

System.out.print("Enter a number: ");

num = sc.nextInt();

long fact = 1;

for (int i = 1; i <= num; i++) {

fact *= i;

System.out.println("Factorial of " + num + " is " + fact);

break;

case 2:

System.out.print("Enter a number: ");

num = sc.nextInt();

boolean isPrime = true;

if (num <= 1) {

isPrime = false;

} else {

for (int i = 2; i <= Math.sqrt(num); i++) {

if (num % i == 0) {
 isPrime = false;

break;

if (isPrime)

System.out.println(num + " is a Prime Number.");

else

System.out.println(num + " is Not a Prime Number.");

break;

case 3:

System.out.print("Enter a number: ");

num = sc.nextInt();

if (num % 2 == 0)

System.out.println(num + " is Even.");

else

System.out.println(num + " is Odd.");

break;

case 4:

System.out.println("Exiting the program. Goodbye!");

break;

default:

System.out.println("Invalid choice! Please enter 1 to 4.");

} while (choice != 4);

sc.close();

}
}

2c.pattern

public class PyramidNumberPattern {

public static void main(String[] args) {

int rows = 5;

for (int i = 1; i <= rows; i++) {

for (int space = 1; space <= rows - i; space++) {

System.out.print(" ");

for (int j = i; j >= 1; j--) {

System.out.print(j);

for (int j = 2; j <= i; j++) {

System.out.print(j);

System.out.println();

3a.no. of 2s

import java.util.Scanner;

public class DigitCounter {

public static int countTwos(int num) {

int count = 0;
 while (num > 0) {

if (num % 10 == 2) {

count++;

num /= 10;

return count;

public static void main(String[] args) {

Scanner scanner = new Scanner(System.in);

System.out.print("Enter a non-negative integer: ");

int number = scanner.nextInt();

if (number < 0) {

System.out.println("Invalid input. Please enter a non-negative integer.");

} else {

System.out.println("The number is: " + number);

int twosCount = countTwos(number);

System.out.println("Number of 2s: " + twosCount);

scanner.close();

3b.fibonacci

public class FibonacciSeries {

public static void main(String[] args) {

int n = 10;
 int a = 0, b = 1;

System.out.println("First " + n + " numbers of the Fibonacci series:");

for (int i = 1; i <= n; i++) {

System.out.print(a + " ");

int next = a + b;

a = b;

b = next;

4a.parameter books

class Book {

String title;

String author;

double price;

Book() {

title = "Unknown Title";

author = "Unknown Author";

price = 0.0;

System.out.println("Default Constructor:");

printDetails();

Book(String title, String author) {

this.title = title;

this.author = author;
 this.price = 0.0; // Default price

System.out.println("\nConstructor with 2 parameters (title, author):");

printDetails();

Book(String title, String author, double price) {

this.title = title;

this.author = author;

this.price = price;

System.out.println("\nConstructor with 3 parameters (title, author, price):");

printDetails();

void printDetails() {

System.out.println("Title: " + title);

System.out.println("Author: " + author);

System.out.println("Price: ₹" + price);

public class BookTest {

public static void main(String[] args) {

Book b1 = new Book(); // default

Book b2 = new Book("Wings of Fire", "Dr. A.P.J. Abdul Kalam"); // 2 parameters

Book b3 = new Book("Clean Code", "Robert C. Martin", 599.99); // 3 parameters

4b.parameter accounts

class Accounts {

String accNo;

double balance;
 Accounts(String accNo, double balance) {

boolean isValid = true;

if (accNo == null || accNo.trim().isEmpty()) {

System.out.println("Error: Account number must not be null or empty.");

isValid = false;

if (balance < 0) {

System.out.println("Error: Balance cannot be negative.");

isValid = false;

if (isValid) {

this.accNo = accNo;

this.balance = balance;

System.out.println("\nAccount created successfully:");

printDetails();

} else {

System.out.println("Account creation failed due to invalid data.");

void printDetails() {

System.out.println("Account Number: " + accNo);

System.out.println("Balance: ₹" + balance);

public class AccountTest {

Accounts acc1 = new Accounts("A123456", 5000.00);

Accounts acc2 = new Accounts("", 2000.00);

Accounts acc3 = new Accounts("B7891011", -100.00);

Accounts acc4 = new Accounts(null, -50.00);

5a.sport extend

class Sports {

void play() {

System.out.println("Playing some sport...");

class Football extends Sports {

void play() {

System.out.println("Playing Football on the field.");

class Basketball extends Sports {

void play() {

System.out.println("Dribbling and shooting in Basketball.");

class Rugby extends Sports {

void play() {

System.out.println("Tackling hard in Rugby.");

}
}

public class SportsTest {

public static void main(String[] args) {

Sports s1 = new Football();

Sports s2 = new Basketball();

Sports s3 = new Rugby();

s1.play();

s2.play();

s3.play();

5b.book details

class Publisher {

String name;

Publisher(String name) {

this.name = name;

void display() {

System.out.println("Publisher: " + name);

class Book extends Publisher {

String title;

double price;
 Book(String name, String title, double price) {

super(name);

this.title = title;

this.price = price;

void display() {

System.out.println("Book Title: " + title);

System.out.println("Price: ₹" + price);

System.out.println("Publisher: " + name);

public class BookTestjava {

public static void main(String[] args) {

Book b = new Book("Penguin Books", "The Alchemist", 399.00);

b.display();

6.calculate interest

interface Transaction {

void deposit(double amount);

void withdraw(double amount);

class SavingsAccount implements Transaction {

double balance;

SavingsAccount(double balance) {

this.balance = balance;
 }

public void deposit(double amount) {

balance += amount;

System.out.println("Deposited ₹" + amount + " in Savings Account.");

public void withdraw(double amount) {

if (amount <= balance) {

balance -= amount;

System.out.println("Withdrew ₹" + amount + " from Savings Account.");

} else {

System.out.println("Insufficient balance in Savings Account.");

void displayBalance() {

System.out.println("Savings Account Balance: ₹" + balance);

class CurrentAccount implements Transaction {

double balance;

CurrentAccount(double balance) {

this.balance = balance;

public void deposit(double amount) {

balance += amount;

System.out.println("Deposited ₹" + amount + " in Current Account.");

public void withdraw(double amount) {

if ((balance - amount) >= 2000) {

balance -= amount;

System.out.println("Withdrew ₹" + amount + " from Current Account.");

} else {

System.out.println("Minimum balance of ₹2000 must be maintained in Current

void displayBalance() {

System.out.println("Current Account Balance: ₹" + balance);

class RateOfInterest {

void calculateInterest(double balance, double rate, int years) {

double interest = (balance * rate * years) / 100;

System.out.println("Interest for ₹" + balance + " at " + rate + "% for " + years + " years is ₹" +
interest);

public class BankTest {

public static void main(String[] args) {

SavingsAccount sa = new SavingsAccount(5000);

sa.deposit(1000);

sa.withdraw(2000);

sa.displayBalance();
 CurrentAccount ca = new CurrentAccount(6000);

ca.deposit(1500);

ca.withdraw(5000);

ca.displayBalance();

RateOfInterest roi = new RateOfInterest();

roi.calculateInterest(sa.balance, 4.0, 2);

roi.calculateInterest(ca.balance, 3.5, 2);

7.zipcode

import java.util.*;

class CityNotFoundException extends Exception {

CityNotFoundException(String message) {

super(message);

class City {

HashMap<Integer, String> cityMap;

City() {

cityMap = new HashMap<>();

cityMap.put(110001, "Delhi");

cityMap.put(400001, "Mumbai");

cityMap.put(560001, "Bangalore");

cityMap.put(700001, "Kolkata");

cityMap.put(600001, "Chennai");

}
 void findCityByZipCode(int zip) throws CityNotFoundException {

if (cityMap.containsKey(zip)) {

System.out.println("City for ZIP " + zip + ": " + cityMap.get(zip));

} else {

throw new CityNotFoundException("City not found for ZIP: " + zip);

public class CityTest {

public static void main(String[] args) {

City city = new City();

try {

city.findCityByZipCode(560001);

city.findCityByZipCode(123456);

} catch (CityNotFoundException e) {

System.out.println(e.getMessage());

8.password

import java.util.Scanner;

public class PasswordValidator {

static boolean isValidPassword(String password) {

if (password.length() < 8)

return false;

int digitCount = 0;
 for (char ch : password.toCharArray()) {

if (Character.isDigit(ch))

digitCount++;

if (digitCount < 2 || digitCount > 4)

return false;

return true;

public static void main(String[] args) {

Scanner sc = new Scanner(System.in);

System.out.print("Enter password: ");

String password = sc.nextLine();

if (isValidPassword(password)) {

System.out.println("Password valid: " + password);

} else {

System.out.println("Password invalid.");

9.linkedlist

import java.util.LinkedList;

public class LinkedListDemo {

public static void main(String[] args) {

LinkedList<String> cities = new LinkedList<>();

cities.add("Mumbai");

cities.add("Chennai");

cities.add("Kolkata");

System.out.println("Original List: " + cities);

String firstCity = cities.get(0);

System.out.println("First City: " + firstCity);

cities.set(1, "Bangalore");

System.out.println("After Update: " + cities);

cities.remove("Chennai");

System.out.println("After Removal: " + cities);

10.copy content

import java.io.*;

public class FileCopy {

public static void main(String[] args) {

try {

FileInputStream in = new FileInputStream("source.txt");

FileOutputStream out = new FileOutputStream("destination.txt");

int byteData;

while ((byteData = in.read()) != -1) {

out.write(byteData);

}
 in.close();

out.close();

System.out.println("File copied successfully.");

} catch (IOException e) {

System.out.println("Error: " + e.getMessage());