BIOLOGY SS 1

OBJECTIVES

1. Ecology is best defined as the study of A. The characteristics of a environment B.

The inner relationship between living organisms and the environment C. Living
organisms in a particular area D. The habitat and wildlife
2. Ecology simply means the study of A. The properties of a habitat B. Interrelationships
between organisms and their environment C. Several species of plants and animals D.
Interrelationships between plants and animals
3. The entire habitat and habitat of an organism can be described as it’s A. Ecological
community B. Ecological niche C. Habitat factor D. Biotic factor
4. A habitat is defined as A. A group of animals and plants living together within a common
boundary B. A place in which plants and animals live C. A community living together in the
same place D. Different areas, with a common animal and plant population
5. The term community is defined as A. The different groups of plants and animals in the
same area and interacting with each other B. The consumers and producers living in a
habitat C. Living organisms interacting with physical factors of an environment D. Animals
which mutually derive benefit from their association
6. Animal life in a habitat is generally referred to as A. Edaphic B. Flora C. Biome D. Fauna
7. The group of several populations that interact and share a habitat form A. A species B. A
community C. An ecotype D. A tribe
8. Biosphere is best described as A. All parts of earth where life exist B. The non- living parts
of an ecosystem C. All components of an ecosystem D. All the members of a single
species in a habitat
9. All available places on the earth which supports life constitute the A. Lithosphere B.
Atmosphere C. Biosphere D. Hydrosphere
10. The highest level of ecological organization’s is the A. Niche B. Biosphere C. Population
D. Ecosystem
11. The following are biotic communities found in Nigeria EXCEPT A. Afro-alpine B. Derived
savanna C. Sahel savanna D. Swamp
12. Which of these is a characteristics feature of mangrove vegetation A. Breathing roots B.
Buttress roots C. Tall stems D. Tape root system
13. Northern Guinea savanna is associated with A. Abundant rainfall B. Abundant trees and
shrubs C. Soil with very little plant cover D. Abundant grasses
14. The mangrove swamp in Nigeria is restricted to the A. Guinea savanna B. Tropical
Rainforest C. Sudan savanna D. Sahel savanna
15. The following are features of the tropical rainforest EXCEPT A. Abundant water supply B.
Loose and moist soil C. Short trees growing beneath tall trees D. Scanty tree with small
leaves
16. In an ecological study, the total number of individuals of the same species in a given area at
the same time can be described as A. Population B. A community C. An ecosystem D.
A niche
17. Which of the following statements is not true of population? A. Members of a population
may be of the same species B. Members of a population may be of the same species but do
not inter breed C. Some species can form another population elsewhere D. Members of a
population must co-exist
18. The number of individuals in a habitat in relation to the unit space available to each
organism is referred to as the A. Birth rate B. Density C. Mortality D. Frequency
19. Natality is a factor affecting population density because it involves A. Increase in
population due to immigration B. Increase in population due to emigration C. The
number if mature females in the population D. The number of all the young ones produced
in the population
20. Which of the following biomass could be characterised by very low rainfall, cold nights hot
days and fast blooming plants A. Northern Guinea savanna B. Southern Guinea
savanna C. Tropical desert D. Montane forest
21. Grasses recover quickly from bush fires in the savanna because of their A. Fibrous root
B. Succulent stem C. Perennating organs D. Rapid growth rate
22. In which of the following Nigerian states can Montane vegetation be found? A. Plateau B.
Taraba C. Enugu D. Bauchi
23. The following are abiotic factors EXCEPT A. Humidity B. Light C. Parasite D. Rainfall
24. These ecological factors affect aquatic habitat EXCEPT A. pH B. Salinity C. Turbidity D.
Humidity
25. Which of the following is an abiotic factor? A. Predation B. Rainfall C. Cropping D.
Grazing
26. The physical and chemical factors which affect the life of organism in an environment are
described as A. Biotic B. Edaphic C. Abiotic D. Physiographic
27. Which of these factors are common to both aquatic and terrestrial habitats? A. Light,
rainfall and turbidity B. Light, temperature and tide C. Light, rainfall and temperature D.
Rainfall, turbidity and salinity
28. Which of the following factors is abiotic A. Consumers B. Parasites C. Producers D.
Turbidity
29. Which of the following is an abiotic factor in an ecosystem? A. Food B. Host C. Parasite D.
Pressure
30. The part of the earth occupied by air is? A. Atmosphere B. Biosphere C. Lithosphere D.
Hydrosphere

THEORY

Answer any THREE (3) questions

1. (a) Define ecology (b) Write explanatory notes on the

following terms: (i) hydrosphere (ii) habitat (iii) biome (iv) ecological niche
2. (a) What is ecosystem? (b) Discuss the biotic component of an
ecosystem (c) List four (4) abiotic factors in an ecosystem
3. (a) Define the term population (b) Write short notes on
(i) population size (ii) population density (iii) population frequency
4. With the aid of a map, describe the local biotic communities in Nigeria
5. (a) Name five (5) major biomes of the world (b) Describe the location and
characteristics of the three (3) of the biomes named in (a) above
6. (a) List 10 instruments for measurement of ecological factors
(b) Name TWO habitats in an ecosystem