Course Title: Ancient and Medieval History of Nepal Full marks: 100
Course No: Hist. Ed. 416 Pass marks: 35
Nature of the Course: Theory Period per week: 6
Year: First Total periods: 150
Level: Bachelor Time per period: 50 min
1. Course Description:
This course is designed for first year students of four year B.Ed. who specialize in history. It intends
to provide the required knowledge of ancient and medieval history of Nepal. This course is divided
into two parts. First part deals with the history of Gopals, Abhires, Shakyas of Kapilbastu, Bedehas
of Janakpur, Kirat and Lichhavis of Kathmandu and second part deals with the history of the origin
of Mallas of the Kathmandu valley and up to their fall. Besides, this it also covers the political
history of Baise, Chaubise and Sen Dynasty beyond the valley.
2. General Objectives:
The general objectives of this course are as follows:
To provide broader knowledge on geographical influences in the history of Nepal.
To develop broader understanding of the early settlement and different dynasties of Nepal.
To enable the students to describe the history of Kiratas and their downfall, achievements of
Lichhivi kings and the society, economy and administration.
To familiarize the students with the origin of Mallas of Kathmandu valley.
To make the students able to explain the society, economy, political condition art and culture
of Malla period and evaluate the reforms of the Malla king of Kathmandu valley.
To acquaint the students with the history of Baise, Chaubise, Makwanpur, Chaudandi and
Bijayapur principalities.
To enable the students to analyze the inter-state relation between Gorkha and the Malla Kings
of Kathmandu Valley and relation with Tibet and India.
3. Specific Objectives and Contents
Specific Objectives Content
Unit I : Early History of Nepal (25)
Explain the origin of the name 1.1 Origin of the name ‘Nepal’.
‘Nepal’.
Discuss the contemporary 1.2 Contemporary Historiography
Historiography of the Nepalese
history
Describe the geographical 1.3 Geographical influence in the history of Nepal.
influence in the history of Nepal.
Discuss the sources of Nepalese 1.4 Sources of Nepalese history.
history.
Explain the early settlement in the 1.5 Earliest settlement, rulers of early period;
Kathmandu valley and the early 1.4.1 Gopals
rulers of Nepal. 1.4.2 Abhira
1.4.3 Bidehas of Janakpur
1.4.4 Shakyas of Kapilvastu.
1.5 History of Kiratas.
1
Analyze the causes of the fall of 1.6 Fall of Kirat Dynasty.
Kirat dynasty.
Unit II : Introduction to Lichhavi period (25)
Explain the rule of Man 2.1 Man Dev
Dev.
Evaluate the achievements
of Man Dev.
Discuss the foreign
relations of Man Dev. 2.2 Shiv Dev
Explain the rule of Shiv
Dev
Discuss the influence of
Guptas in Shiva Dev regime. 2.3 Amshuvarma
Describe Causes of the
rise of Amshuvarma.
Explain the relation
between Shiva Dev and
Amshuvarma.
Explain the socio-
economic reforms of
Amshuvarma. 2.4 Narendra Dev.
Evaluate the
Amshuvarma’s relation with Tibet
and India.
Describe the restoration of
Lichhivi dynasty. 2.5 Jaya Dev II
Explain the socio- 2.6 Carrier and achievements of Lichhavi's Society
economic reforms of Lichhavi's . Economy and Administration
Explain the carrier and
achievements of Jaya Dev II
Explain and analyze the
Lichhivi Society economy and
administration
Unit III: Introduction to Malla Period (25)
Explain the origin of the Mallas. 3.1 Origin of Mallas
Introduce Ari Malla as the first 3.2 Ari Malla
Malla King.
Explain about Avaya Malla 3.3 Avaya Malla
Discuss the political condition of
Kathmandu valley before the rise 3.4 Political condition of Kathmandu the valley before
of Jayasthiti Malla. rise of Jayasthiti Malla.
Evaluate the reforms of Jayasthiti 3.5 Career and achievement of Jayasthiti Malla
Malla.
Identify the conquest of Yaksha 3.6 Career and achievement of Yaksha Malla
Malla.
2
Unit IV: Three kingdoms of the Kathmandu Valley
(30)
State the cause of the 4.1 Break up of the Malla family.
division of Mallas in valley. 4.2 Rulers of Bhaktapur
Describe the relation of 4.2.1 Raya Malla
Raya Malls with his brothers.
Introduce Jitamitra Malla 4.2.2 Jitamitra Malla
as a Malla king of Bhaktapur.
Describe the carrier and 4.2.3 Bhupatindra Malla
achievements of Bhupantindra
Malla.
Analyze the impact of
Ranjit Malla’s relation with 4.2.4 Ranjit Malla.
Gorkha.
4.3 Rulers of Lalitpur
Describe the contribution 4.3.1 Siddhinarsingha Malla
of Siddhinarsingha Malla in
religious, social and economic
sector. 4.3.2 Srinivas Malla
Pointout the works of 4.3.3 Yognarendra Malla
Sriniwas Malla and Yognarendra
Malla 4.3.4 Six Pradhans
State the role of six
Pradhans for Political instablity
politics of Patan and its effects on 4.4 Rulers of Kantipur
valley politics.
4.4.1 Ratna Malla
Identify Ratna Malla as a
first king of divided Kantipur. 4.4.2 Mahendra Malla
State the remarkable
works of Mahendra Malla. 4.4.3 Pratap Malla
Describe the carrier and
achievement of Pratap Malla. 4.4.4 Jayaprakash Malla
Explain the carrier of
Jayaprakash Malla, his role and
responsibility in the fall of Mallas. 4.5 Downfall of the Mallas
Analyze the causes of the
downfall of Mallas
Unit V: Nepal Under the Mallas (20)
Describe the socio, 5.1 Socio-cultural, political, economic condition.
Economic and cultural condition
of valley under the Mallas.
Evaluate the art and 5.2 Art and architecture.
architectural works of Malla 5.3 Language and Literature.
Kings of valley.
Give a short glimps on 5.4 Relation with Tibet and India.
Nepal’s relation with Tibet and
India during medieval period
Unit VI: History of Nepal beyond the Kathmandu
valley (25)
3
Discuss the political 6.1 Political history
history of Baise, Chaubise states. 6.1.1 Baise
6.1.2 Chaubise
Discuss the political 6.1.3 Makwanpur
history of Makwanpur, Chaudandi 6.1.4 Chaudandi
and Vijayapur. 6.1.5 Vijayapur
Describe the political 6.2 Inter state relation between Gorkhaand Malla kings
relation of Gorkha with the Malla of Kathmandu valley.
kings of Kathmandu valley
Note: The figures in the parentheses indicate the approximate periods for the respective units.
4. Instructional Techniques
4.1 General Instructional Techniques
This course is a theory course, due to the theoretical nature of the course, teacher directed, guided
and instructed techniques will be mostly adopted. To import the required knowledge of the
concerned units to students in the teacher will adopt the following methods and techniques.
1. Lecture
2. Discussion – individual and group discussion
3. Project paper presentation
4. Brain storming and buzz session
5. Report writing assignment
4.2 Specific Instructional Techniques
4.2 Specific Instructional Techniques
Units Topic Instructional Techniques
I Early History of Nepal Group Discussion
II Introduction to Lichhavi period Project work
III Introduction to Malla Period Lecture
IV Three kingdoms of the Kathmandu Valley Lecture
V Nepal under the Mallas Group work and Presentation
VI History of Nepal beyond the Kathmandu valley Group discussion
5. Evaluation Scheme:
The achievement of the students will be evaluated finally through annual examination conducted by
Office of Controller of examinations. Though, subject teacher will assess the students’ performance
from time to time through classroom presentation, project work, discussion and class assignment. It
will be used only for feedback purpose. The number and types of Question to be asked in the annual
examination are given below
Types of questions Total questions to Number of questions Total
be asked to be answered and marks
marks alloted
Group A: Multiple choice items 20 questions 20 x 1 mark 20
Group B: Short questions 8 with 3 or questions 8 x 7 marks 56
Group C: Long questions 2 with 1 alternative 2 x 12 marks 24
questions
4
6. Recommended Books and References
Recommended Books
Upadhyaya S. R.( 2051), Nepal ko prachin tatha madhyakalin Itihas Kathmandu: Ratna Pustak
Bhandar. (For Units I-V)
Regmi, D. R. (1969) Ancient Nepal Calcutta: K. L. Mukhophyay. (For Units I&II)
Gyanwali, S. B. (2019) Nepal upatyaka ko madhyakalin itihas, Kathmandu: Royal Nepal Academy.
(For Units III to V)
Dahal, P. (2053) Nepal ko itihas , Kathmandu: M. K. Publishers and Distributers. (For Units III to
VI)
Pandit, Dinanath, (2063), Nepal ko Sanchipta Itiha, Kathmandu: Rajkumari Acharya. (For Units I to
VI)
Munakami, Lilabhakta – Mallkalin Nepal. (For Units I to V)
Sharma B. (2008), Nepal ko atihasik ruprekha, Banaras: Krishna Kumari Devi. (For Units I to VI)
References
Joshi, H. R., (1991), Pages of forgotten past, Lalitpur:Joshi Research, Institute.
Shah, R. (1988) Ancient and medieval Nepal, New Delhi Manohar Lal.
Vajracharya, D. (2030), Lichhavi kalko avilekh Kathmandu: CNAS, TU.
Vaidy & Mandhar T. R. & Joshi S. L (1993) Social history of Nepal, New Delhi: Anmol Publications
Pvt. Ltd.
Petech, L. (1984) Medieval history of Nepal, Rome: Serial Oriental.
Subedi, R. R. (2055) Baisi rajya ko eatihasic ruprekha Kirtipur: CNAS, TU.
Subed, R. R. (2061) Nepal Ko tathya etihas, Kathmandu: Sajha Prakashan.
Subedi,R. R.(2060), Achham ko etihas, achham: Vaidhyanath Chhetra Prakashan Samiti.
Rai T. B.(2053) Kirat bhumi ra kirat jana jivan, Lalitpur: Uttam Kumar Chamling Rai.
