Introduction

To Matplotlib

Anas
Irtaza
Ashmal
INTRODUCTION TO
MATPLOTLIB
● Matplotlib is a popular Python library used for creating
visualizations, charts, and plots.
● It helps in understanding data patterns, trends, and relationships
through graphical representation.
● Importing Matplotlib:
● Import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
● Matplotlib provides a wide range of plot types, from basic line plots
to complex 3D visualizations. This versatility makes it suitable for
various data analysis and presentation needs, catering to different
domains such as science, engineering, finance, and more.
● Matplotlib seamlessly integrates with other popular Python libraries
such as NumPy and Pandas. This integration allows you to visualize
data structures like arrays and data frames directly without
extensive data manipulation, enhancing productivity and workflow
efficiency.
CATEGORIZATION OF
PLOTS
Matplotlib can be categorized into different types based on the number of variables
included in plots. Here are the categories:
1. Univariate Plots:
These plots involve analyzing a single variable.
Examples: Histograms, density plots, box plots, violin plots, bar plots (for
categorical data).
2. Bivariate Plots:
These plots visualize relationships between two variables.
Examples: Scatter plots, line plots (connecting two variables), bar plots
(comparing two variables), hexbin plots.
3. Multivariate Plots:
These plots explore relationships involving more than two variables.
Examples: 3D scatter plots, bubble plots, pair plots (showing relationships
among multiple variables), parallel coordinate plots.
CATEGORIZATION OF
PLOTS
4. Categorical Plots:
These plots focus on categorical data and its distribution.
Examples: Bar plots (for categorical data), stacked bar plots, grouped bar
plots, mosaic plots, dendrogram plots.
5. Time Series Plots:
These plots specifically deal with time-related data.
Examples: Line plots (over time), area plots, candlestick plots, seasonal
decomposition plots.
6. Statistical Plots:
These plots emphasize statistical relationships and summaries.
Examples: Regression plots, distribution plots (showing distributions and
fit), QQ plots (quantile-quantile plots).
7. Network Plots:
These plots depict relationships within networks or graphs.
Examples: Network graphs, directed graphs, node-link diagrams.
CATEGORIZATION OF
PLOTS
8. Interactive Plots:
These plots allow user interaction for exploring data.
Examples: Interactive scatter plots, interactive line plots, interactive heat
maps.
9. Composite Plots:
These plots combine different types of plots to show complex relationships.
Examples: Facet grids (grid of subplots), composite heat maps with
annotations.

Matplotlib versatility makes it suitable for creating a wide range of plots, catering to
various data visualization needs.
LINE PLOTS IN
MATPLOTLIB
A line plot is a fundamental type of visualization in Matplotlib that displays data points
connected by straight lines.
It's often used to show the trend or progression of data over a continuous interval.
For example:
Suppose you have collected temperature data over a week. You can create a line plot
to visualize how the temperature changes each day.
LINE PLOTS IN
MATPLOTLIB
In this example, days represent the x-axis values (days of the week), and temperatures
represent the y-axis values (temperature in degrees Celsius). The marker, linestyle,
and color arguments customize the appearance of the line plot.
● The output of the mentioned program is as follows:
BAR PLOTS IN
MATPLOTLIB
A bar plot is a visualization in Matplotlib that uses rectangular bars to represent
categorical data.
It's commonly used to compare values across different categories or groups.
For example:
Suppose you want to compare the sales of different products in a store. You can create
a bar plot to visualize the sales for each product
BAR PLOTS IN
MATPLOTLIB
In this example, products represent the x-axis categories (product names), and sales
represent the heights of the bars (sales amounts). The color argument specifies the
color of the bars, and xticks(rotation=45) rotates the x-axis labels for better readability.
● The output of the mentioned program is as follows:
HISTOGRAMS IN
MATPLOTLIB
A histogram is a graphical representation in Matplotlib that displays the distribution of
continuous data by dividing it into intervals (bins) and showing the frequency of data
points in each bin.
For example:
Suppose you have a dataset of exam scores and want to visualize their distribution.
You can create a histogram to show how many students scored within specific score
ranges:
HISTOGRAMS IN
MATPLOTLIB
In this example, exam_scores is the dataset of scores. The bins parameter specifies
the number of intervals to divide the data into. The histogram displays the frequency of
scores in each bin, helping you understand the distribution of exam performance.
● The output of the mentioned program is as follows:
SCATTER PLOTS IN
MATPLOTLIB
A scatter plot is a visualization in Matplotlib that displays individual data points as dots
on a 2D plane.
It's used to showcase relationships between two continuous variables.
For example:
Imagine you're analyzing the relationship between the study hours and exam scores of
a group of students. A scatter plot can help you visualize whether there's a correlation
between these variables
SCATTER PLOTS IN
MATPLOTLIB
In this example, study_hours and exam_scores are the two continuous variables. Each
point on the scatter plot represents a student's study hours and their corresponding
exam score. The marker argument determines the shape of the data points.
● The output of the mentioned program is as follows:
Thank you.
Introduction
To Matplotlib

Anas
Irtaza
Ashmal