Patterns of Development in meaning of a word or an idea in
Writing I a simple and understandable
NARRATION language.
- term narrate comes from the A definition consists of three
Latin word narratus, which parts:
means “to account or tell.” (1) the term, concept, or
- A narrative is a story. It states subject to be defined; (2) the
what happened, where, and general class where it belongs,
when. (3) the characteristics that
- Narrative paragraphs contain differentiate it from the other
action verbs that move the members of its class.
story along in an interesting There are three types of
manner. They also use definition:
transitional words or phrases to Synonym - a word that is
indicate time or sequence such similar or almost similar in
as: meaning to the word or idea
- first, second, etc. being defined.
- after, next, then, eventually, Intensive definition - includes
soon the term to be defined, the
- meanwhile, a short time later class to which the term belongs,
- during, at the same time, and the characteristic(s) that
simultaneously make it different from the other
- suddenly, instantly, members in the same class or
momentarily species. This is also known as a
- the next day, following, one-sentence definition.
thereafter Extensive definition - an
- in the end, ultimately expansion of the intensive
DESCRIPTION definition into a paragraph; the
- description provides intensive definition is amplified
information on what a person, into a paragraph through the
an object, a place, or a situation use of one or more methods of
is like. paragraph development, such
- It appeals to the reader’s as exemplification,
senses. classification, analogy,
- There are two types of description, comparison,
description: objective and contrast, and cause-effect.
subjective description.
EXEMPLIFICATION AND
- A definition explains a
CLASSIFICATION
concept, a term, or a subject.
Exemplification - the writer
Its main purpose is to tell what
explains the main idea by
something is.
giving an extended example or
- A definition clarifies the
a series of detailed examples. explains how an event or action
Classification - the sorting or leads to another.
arrangement of subjects into
groups or categories according
to their common or shared
characteristics.
COMPARISON & CONTRAST
Comparison
- done to illustrate how people,
things, places, events,
situations, or even ideas are
similar to each other
- done by making a list of
similar characteristics or
qualities for each point of Cause to Effect - In this
comparison pattern, the cause, which is
- signaled by words such as either an event or action, is
also, like, both, as...as, stated right at the beginning of
similarly, in the same way, a paragraph, followed by
equally important, and likewise statements on its effects.
Contrast (Single Cause - Multiple Effects)
- done to illustrate how people, 2) Effect to Cause - In this
things, places, events, pattern, the effect is stated at
situations, or ideas are different the beginning of the text,
from each other; followed by sentences and
- done by making a list of the paragraphs that explain further
characteristics or qualities of the causes.
the subjects and then (Single Effect - Different Cause)
identifying the differences 3) Consecutive cause and
between them; effect - In this type of
- signaled by words such as but, organization, each cause has its
however, though, on the other corresponding effect, and they
hand, and in contrast are tackled one by one in a few
sentences or paragraphs. The
Patterns of Development in writer explains each cause and
Writing II effect completely before
CAUSE-AND-EFFECT moving on to the next pair of
Cause - tells why something cause and effect.
happens.
Effect - states what happens PROBLEM – SOLUTION
after. Problem
Cause-and-effect pattern - - A problem is defined as an
unsatisfactory situation that
causes troubles or difficulties
that need to be solved.
Solution
- A way to deal with the
situation so that the troubles or
difficulties are removed.
Patterns of Problem-
Solution Writing
- Problem-Solution
- Problem-Cause-Solution
- Problem-Process-Solution
PROCESS ANALYSIS
Process
- The term refers to a
series of actions or
steps toward a specific
end.
Analysis
- The term analysis
refers to a detailed
examination.
- Process Analysis texts
can be: instructional or
informative.
